An Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material, its application and a cultivation method for directional and quantitative cultivation of Lentinula edodes

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation material for a mixed strain of Lentinula edodes, its application, and a cultivation method for directional and quantitative cultivation of Lentinula edodes. Cultivating Lentinula edodes with the cultivation material for the mixed strain of Lentinula edodes of the present invention can ensure the germination of Lentinula edodes strains and high-quality mycelial growth, and shorten the fruiting time of Lentinula edodes. Based on the cultivation material for the mixed strain of Lentinula edodes and combined with the technical features of puncturing and full shading, the formation of Lentinula edodes fruiting bodies can be controlled at fixed points and quantitatively, solving multiple Lentinula edodes fruiting problems such as bag suffocation, clustering, and explosion in the traditional fruiting mode; it can effectively reduce the malformation rate of Lentinula edodes fruiting bodies. Experiments have proved that by using the cultivation method of the present invention, the malformation rate of Lentinula edodes fruiting bodies can be reduced from 40% to within 10%, improving the quality of fruiting body products; at the same time, the cultivation method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, and is suitable for the industrial cultivation production of Lentinula edodes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation material for a mixed strain of Lentinula edodes, its application, and a cultivation method for directional and quantitative cultivation of Lentinula edodes. Background Art

[0002] The cultivation of Lentinula edodes originated in China. It is the second largest mushroom in the world and also a well-known precious edible mushroom and famous medicinal mushroom in China. Lentinula edodes has thick and tender flesh, a delicious taste, a unique aroma, and is rich in nutrition. It is a food with both edible and medicinal properties and has high nutritional, medicinal, and health care values, thus increasing the demand for Lentinula edodes day by day.

[0003] Lentinula edodes is the "first mushroom" in China, ranking first in both production and planting area. At the same time, China is also the first country to cultivate Lentinula edodes, with a history of more than 800 years. Currently, the cultivation of Lentinula edodes mainly adopts the transparent tube bag cultivation mode, and its mushroom fruiting characteristics are non-directional and non-quantitative, making it impossible to implement mechanical harvesting. Subsequently, the semi-shaded directional mushroom fruiting was proposed, and the mushroom fruiting area is 3 - 4 cm. This technology initially solved the directional problem, but there are problems such as a small mushroom fruiting area, a high malformation rate of concentrated explosive mushroom fruiting, and low yield, and it has not fundamentally solved the problems of directional and quantitative mushroom fruiting of Lentinula edodes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cultivation material for a mixed strain of Lentinula edodes, its application, and a cultivation method for directional and quantitative cultivation of Lentinula edodes. With the cultivation material for the mixed strain of Lentinula edodes, the germination and high-quality mycelium growth of Lentinula edodes strains can be improved. On this basis, combined with the cultivation characteristics of puncturing holes and full shading, the directional and quantitative mushroom fruiting cultivation of Lentinula edodes can be achieved.

[0005] The present invention provides a cultivation material for a mixed strain of Lentinula edodes, which includes Lentinula edodes strains and a culture medium; the mycelium of the Lentinula edodes strains covers the culture medium.

[0006] Preferably, the mass of the Lentinula edodes strains is 10% - 20% of the mass of the culture medium.

[0007] The present invention also provides a preparation method for the cultivation material for the mixed strain of Lentinula edodes as described in the above technical solution, including the following steps:

[0008] Sterilize the culture medium to obtain a sterilized culture medium;

[0009] Inoculate the Lentinula edodes strains into the sterilized culture medium and conduct mycelium culture in a sterile environment to obtain the cultivation material for the mixed strain of Lentinula edodes.

[0010] Preferably, the conditions for the mycelium culture include: the temperature is 20 - 27°C, the time is 15 - 60 d, and clean air is introduced during the culture period to ensure sufficient oxygen.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method further includes: adding a nutrient agent or water during the mycelium cultivation according to the pH value of the culture material or the mycelium growth condition.

[0012] The present invention also provides the application of the Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material described in the above technical solution or the Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in Lentinula edodes cultivation.

[0013] Preferably, the Lentinula edodes cultivation includes one or more of full-shading cultivation of Lentinula edodes, directional fruiting cultivation of Lentinula edodes, quantitative fruiting cultivation of Lentinula edodes, and directional and quantitative fruiting cultivation of Lentinula edodes.

[0014] The present invention also provides a cultivation method for directional and quantitative fruiting of Lentinula edodes, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Loading the Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material into a full-shading device, sealing it to obtain a sealed Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material;

[0016] Performing mycelium rejuvenation cultivation on the sealed Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material to obtain the Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material after rejuvenation cultivation;

[0017] Puncturing holes on the surface of the full-shading device of the Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material after rejuvenation cultivation, and performing pre-fruiting cultivation on the Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material after puncturing holes to obtain the Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material after pre-fruiting cultivation;

[0018] Performing stimulating fruiting cultivation on the Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material after pre-fruiting cultivation to obtain mature Lentinula edodes;

[0019] The Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material is the Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation described in the above technical solution or the Lentinula edodes hybrid strain cultivation material prepared by the preparation method.

[0020] Preferably, the full-shading device includes a shading bag and / or a shading box.

[0021] Preferably, the puncturing includes single-sided puncturing or multi-sided puncturing on the full-shading device; the ratio of the number of holes to the area of the puncturing surface of the full-shading device is 10 - 30 holes: 525 - 990 cm 2 , or 1 - 10 holes: 5 - 99 cm 2 ; the holes are evenly distributed.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention provides a cultivation material for a mixed strain of Lentinula edodes, which includes a Lentinula edodes strain and a culture medium; the mycelia of the Lentinula edodes strain cover the culture medium. Cultivating Lentinula edodes with the cultivation material for the mixed strain of Lentinula edodes can ensure the germination of the Lentinula edodes strain and high-quality mycelium growth, and shorten the fruiting time of Lentinula edodes.

[0024] Based on the cultivation material for the mixed strain of Lentinula edodes of the present invention, combined with the technical features of puncturing holes and full shading, it is possible to control the formation of Lentinula edodes fruiting bodies in a fixed-point and quantitative manner, and solve multiple Lentinula edodes fruiting problems such as bag suffocation, clustering, and explosion in the traditional fruiting mode; it can effectively reduce the malformation rate of Lentinula edodes fruiting bodies. Experiments have proved that by using the cultivation method of the present invention, the malformation rate of Lentinula edodes fruiting bodies can be reduced from 40% to less than 10%, improving the quality of the fruiting body products; at the same time, the cultivation method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, and is suitable for industrial cultivation production of Lentinula edodes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a fruiting diagram of the conventional fruiting mode in Application Example 1;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a fruiting diagram of the semi-shading fruiting mode in Application Example 1;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a fruiting diagram of the directional and quantitative fruiting mode in Application Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The present invention provides a cultivation material for a mixed strain of Lentinula edodes, which includes a Lentinula edodes strain and a culture medium; the mycelia of the Lentinula edodes strain cover the culture medium.

[0030] In the present invention, the mass of the Lentinula edodes strain is preferably 10% - 20% of the mass of the culture medium. The present invention has no special limitation on the type of the Lentinula edodes strain, and any Lentinula edodes strain can be used to prepare the cultivation material for the mixed strain of Lentinula edodes of the present invention.

[0031] The culture medium of the present invention preferably includes raw materials with the following mass percentages: 40% - 78% of sawdust, 10% - 20% of wheat bran, 0% - 50% of corn cob, 0% - 50% of cottonseed hull, 1% of gypsum, and 1% of sugar.

[0032] By mass percentage, the culture medium of the present invention preferably comprises 40% to 78% of sawdust. Based on the mass percentage of the sawdust, the culture medium of the present invention preferably comprises 10% to 20% of wheat bran; the culture medium preferably comprises 20% to 50% of cottonseed hulls; the culture medium preferably comprises 20 to 50% of corncobs. The culture medium with the components and mass composition of the present invention has the function of providing nutrients.

[0033] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0034] Sterilize the culture medium to obtain a sterilized culture medium;

[0035] Inoculate the Lentinula edodes strain into the sterilized culture medium, and carry out mycelium culture in a sterile environment to obtain the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material.

[0036] The present invention sterilizes the culture medium to obtain a sterilized culture medium. The temperature of the sterilization of the present invention is preferably 95 to 105 °C; the time of the sterilization is preferably 2 to 6 h.

[0037] After obtaining the sterilized culture medium, the present invention preferably cools the sterilized culture medium to room temperature. The cooling of the present invention is preferably natural cooling.

[0038] After the cooling, the present invention preferably inoculates the Lentinula edodes strain into the cooled culture medium, and carries out mycelium culture in a sterile environment to obtain the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material. After inoculating the Lentinula edodes strain into the cooled culture medium, the present invention preferably further comprises mixing the culture medium and the Lentinula edodes strain evenly. The temperature of the mycelium culture of the present invention is preferably 20 to 27 °C, more preferably 20 to 25 °C; the time is preferably 15 to 60 d; clean air is preferably introduced during the mycelium culture process to ensure sufficient oxygen. The preparation method of the present invention can make the mycelium of the Lentinula edodes strain cover the culture medium.

[0039] The preparation method of the present invention preferably further comprises adding a nutrient agent or water during the mycelium culture process according to the pH value of the culture medium or the mycelium growth situation. When the pH value of the culture medium is lower than 5, an alkaline substance is preferably added to make the pH value of the culture medium not lower than 5. Mycelium culture at this pH value has the advantage of anti-contamination by miscellaneous bacteria. The alkaline substance of the present invention preferably comprises sodium hydroxide and / or gypsum; the sodium hydroxide is preferably a sodium hydroxide solution; the gypsum is preferably gypsum powder. When the water content of the culture medium is lower than 50%, water is preferably added to reach a water content of not less than 50%. The present invention has no special limitation on the type and addition time of the nutrient agent added. The nutrient agents added to ensure the normal growth of the mycelium or promote the faster growth of the mycelium are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] The preparation process of the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material of the present invention is preferably carried out in a strain material processor, which is more convenient for combining sterilization, stirring and spawn-running, and at the same time, improves the preparation efficiency of the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material. The present invention has no special limitation on the model and source of the prime number strain material processor, and a conventional strain material processor in the art can be used. For example, the strain material processor used in the examples of the present invention is the invention patent CN206970488U of this scientific research team, an edible mushroom fermentation device; this device contains a heating device that can heat the culture material to above 100°C, there is a spiral stirrer in the cabin to make the culture material and spawn mix evenly, there is a clean air delivery pipe to supply oxygen to the cabin regularly, and the material is stainless steel.

[0041] Sterilization, stirring and spawn-running in the preparation method of the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material of the present invention can ensure the germination of high-quality spawn and high-quality spawn-running, make the mycelium in the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material fully grow, and avoid the spawn contamination caused by the transfer of the mycelium before it is fully grown.

[0042] Based on the above technical advantages, the present invention also provides the application of the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material prepared by the above-mentioned Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation or preparation method in Lentinula edodes cultivation. The Lentinula edodes cultivation of the present invention preferably includes the application in one or more of Lentinula edodes full-shading cultivation, Lentinula edodes directional fruiting cultivation, Lentinula edodes quantitative fruiting cultivation and Lentinula edodes directional and quantitative fruiting cultivation, further preferably includes Lentinula edodes full-shading cultivation, Lentinula edodes directional fruiting cultivation, Lentinula edodes quantitative fruiting cultivation or Lentinula edodes directional and quantitative fruiting cultivation, and more preferably is Lentinula edodes directional and quantitative fruiting cultivation.

[0043] The present invention also provides a cultivation method for Lentinula edodes with directional and quantitative fruiting, including the following steps:

[0044] Load the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material into a full-shading device, seal it to obtain the encapsulated Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material;

[0045] Carry out mycelium rejuvenation cultivation on the encapsulated Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material to obtain the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material after rejuvenation cultivation;

[0046] Puncture holes on the surface of the full-shading device of the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material after rejuvenation cultivation, and carry out pre-fruiting cultivation on the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material after puncturing holes to obtain the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material after pre-fruiting cultivation;

[0047] Carry out stimulating fruiting cultivation on the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material after pre-fruiting cultivation to obtain mature Lentinula edodes.

[0048] The Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material is the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material described in the above technical solution or the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution.

[0049] The present invention fills the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material described in the above technical solution into a fully light-shielding device, seals it, and obtains the encapsulated Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material. The fully light-shielding device of the present invention preferably includes a light-shielding bag and / or a light-shielding box, and more preferably a light-shielding bag and a light-shielding box. The material of the light-shielding device of the present invention is preferably food-grade plastic. The bottom diameter of the light-shielding bag of the present invention is preferably but not limited to 15-18 cm; the length of the light-shielding bag is preferably but not limited to 35-55 cm. The present invention has no special limitation on the size of the light-shielding box, and it can be adjusted conventionally according to needs. The light-shielding box of the present invention preferably includes a box body and a box cover matching the box body; there is no special limitation on the type of the box cover, and any box cover that can ensure the sealed connection of the box body and the box cover can be used, such as a screw cap or a separate cover sheet.

[0050] The compactness of the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material in the fully light-shielding device of the present invention is preferably 200-400 kg / m 3 .

[0051] After obtaining the encapsulated Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material, the present invention performs mycelium rejuvenation culture on the encapsulated Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material to obtain the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material after rejuvenation culture. The mycelium rejuvenation culture of the present invention is preferably static culture, and the temperature of the mycelium rejuvenation culture is preferably 20-25 °C; the humidity is preferably 60-70%, and more preferably 65%. The whole process of the mycelium rejuvenation culture of the present invention is preferably maintained in light-shielding culture.

[0052] After obtaining the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material after the rejuvenation culture, the present invention punctures the surface of the fully light-shielding device of the Lentinula edodes mixed strain cultivation material after the rejuvenation culture. When the light-shielding device is a light-shielding bag, the puncturing of the present invention preferably includes single-sided puncturing or multi-sided puncturing on the light-shielding bag; the ratio of the number of the holes to the area of the punctured surface of the fully light-shielding device is 10-30: 525-990 cm 2 . When the light-shielding device is a light-shielding box, the present invention preferably punctures the box cover, and the ratio of the number of the holes to the area of the box cover is 1-10: 5-99 cm 2 , and more preferably 2: 10 cm 2 . The depth of the holes of the present invention is preferably 3-7 cm; the diameter of the holes is preferably 0.5-1 cm. The holes of the present invention are preferably evenly distributed. The puncturing of the present invention can induce the fruiting of the strain at the position of the holes, and achieve the technical effects of fixed-point and quantitative fruiting by controlling the number and position of the holes.

[0053] After the punching, the present invention performs fruiting cultivation on the re-vitalized and cultivated Lentinula edodes mixed spawn cultivation material after punching. The pre-fruiting cultivation of the present invention is preferably carried out in a fruiting room; the temperature of the pre-fruiting cultivation is preferably 20-25 °C; the humidity is preferably 60-70%; and the time is preferably 3-5 days.

[0054] After the pre-fruiting cultivation, the present invention performs stimulating fruiting cultivation on the Lentinula edodes mixed spawn cultivation material after pre-fruiting cultivation. The temperature of the stimulating fruiting cultivation is preferably 10-15 °C; the humidity is preferably above 85%.

[0055] After the stimulating fruiting cultivation, the present invention preferably performs fruiting management on the Lentinula edodes mixed spawn cultivation material after stimulating fruiting. The specific parameters of the fruiting management are not particularly limited and can be based on the conventional fruiting management in the art.

[0056] Based on the Lentinula edodes mixed spawn cultivation material of the present invention, combined with the technical features of punching and full shading, it can control the formation of Lentinula edodes fruit bodies quantitatively and solve multiple Lentinula edodes fruiting problems such as bagging, clustering and bursting in the traditional fruiting mode; it can effectively reduce the malformation rate of Lentinula edodes fruit bodies. Experiments have proved that by using the cultivation method of the present invention, the malformation rate of Lentinula edodes fruit bodies can be reduced from 40% to less than 10%, improving the quality of the fruit body products; at the same time, the cultivation method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate and is suitable for the industrialized cultivation production of Lentinula edodes.

[0057] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] 1. A Lentinula edodes mixed spawn cultivation material, which is composed of a cultivation material and Lentinula edodes spawn, wherein the cultivation material is composed of raw materials with the following masses:

[0060] It is composed of 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% sugar and 1% gypsum.

[0061] 2. The preparation method of the Lentinula edodes mixed spawn cultivation material in step 1 is as follows:

[0062] 1) Weigh the raw materials of the cultivation material in step 1 and mix them in a spawn material processor (the spawn material processor is an edible mushroom fermentation device disclosed in CN206970488U), and sterilize at 95-105 °C for 4-8 h;

[0063] 2) Naturally cool the sterilized cultivation material in step 1) to room temperature.

[0064] 3) Put 15% of the Lentinula edodes spawn into the spawn material processor, stir and mix evenly, and then carry out mycelium cultivation;

[0065] During the mycelium cultivation process, maintain the material temperature at 20 - 25°C, with a maximum not exceeding 27°C. Introduce the same volume of clean and sterilized air every 12 hours and stir for 30 minutes. Cultivate for a total of 60 days to obtain the cultivated material for the Lentinula edodes mixed strains.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] A method for cultivating Lentinula edodes with orientation and quantification, the steps are as follows:

[0068] 1) Bagging: Put the cultivated material for the Lentinula edodes mixed strains prepared in Example 1 into black light-shielding bags, with a compactness of 400 kg / m 3 , and tie the mouth.

[0069] 2) Mycelium rejuvenation cultivation: After bagging, control the material temperature at 20 - 25°C and statically cultivate for 10 days under the condition that the humidity in the cultivation room is about 60%. Keep the cultivation in the dark throughout the process.

[0070] 3) Pricking holes: After the mycelium rejuvenation cultivation is completed, use a steel needle with a diameter of 1 cm to make 15 single-sided pricking holes on the surface of the mushroom bag in a plum blossom pattern, and the pricking depth is 4.5 cm.

[0071] 4) Fruiting body cultivation: After pricking holes, put it into the fruiting body room and statically cultivate for 15 days under the conditions of a temperature of 20 - 25°C and a humidity of 60 - 70%;

[0072] 5) Stimulating fruiting: Lower the temperature in the fruiting body room to 10 - 15°C, create a temperature difference of 10 - 15°C as in step 4), and keep the humidity above 85% to stimulate the Lentinula edodes to fruit for 2 - 3 days, and then restore the fruiting body cultivation conditions;

[0073] 6) Harvesting: After the Lentinula edodes fruits at a fixed point, harvest at the fixed point.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] Cultivate Lentinula edodes using similar steps as in Example 2, the difference is that the pricking holes in step 4) are multi-sided pricking holes, with a total of 30 pricking holes, and the result is as Figure 3 shown.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] A method for cultivating Lentinula edodes with orientation and quantification, the steps are as follows:

[0078] 1) Box loading: Put the cultivated material for the Lentinula edodes mixed strains prepared in Example 1 into a light-shielding fruiting box, with a compactness of 400 kg / m 3 , and cover the sheet.

[0079] 2) Mycelium rejuvenation cultivation: The same as in Example 2;

[0080] 3) Pricking holes: After the rejuvenation culture of the mycelium is completed, use a steel needle with a diameter of 1 cm to prick 5 holes on the surface of the box lid according to the plum blossom points.

[0081] Steps 4) - 6) are the same as those in Example 2.

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] Conventional Lentinula edodes cultivation method, the steps are as follows:

[0084] 1) Preparation of the culture medium: Composed of 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% sugar and 1% gypsum by mass percentage;

[0085] 2) Bagging: Put the prepared culture material into a 15×55 polyethylene transparent mushroom bag.

[0086] 3) Sterilization: Place the mushroom bag in a high-temperature sterilization device for high-temperature sterilization.

[0087] 4) Inoculation: After the mushroom bag is cooled to room temperature, punch 3 - 4 holes at fixed positions for inoculation.

[0088] 5) Mycelium cultivation: After inoculation, place the mushroom sticks in a clean room at 20 - 25°C and humidity of 60 - 70% for mycelium cultivation for 15 - 30 days.

[0089] 6) Releasing small amounts of air: When the mycelium diameter is 10 - 12 cm after inoculation, prick small holes in the mycelium growth circle to increase oxygen.

[0090] 7) Mycelium cultivation: Continue mycelium cultivation under the same conditions for 30 days after releasing small amounts of air.

[0091] 8) Releasing large amounts of air: Prick holes evenly on the surface of the mushroom bag, with a total of 80 holes per bag.

[0092] 9) Mycelium cultivation: Continue mycelium cultivation under the same conditions for 30 days after pricking holes.

[0093] 10) Stimulating fruiting: Lower the temperature of the fruiting room to 10 - 15°C, create a temperature difference of 10 - 15°C as in step 5), with humidity above 85%, stimulate Lentinula edodes to fruit for 2 - 3 days, and then restore the fruiting cultivation conditions.

[0094] 11) Removing the bag: After stimulating fruiting, when mushroom buds appear, immediately remove the bag, otherwise deformed mushrooms are likely to occur.

[0095] 12) Harvesting: Harvest according to the fruiting sites, unable to mechanically harvest at fixed points, and the fruiting results are as Figure 1 shown.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] Semi-shaded Lentinula edodes cultivation method, the steps are as follows:

[0098] 1) Preparation of culture medium: It consists of 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% sugar and 1% gypsum by mass percentage;

[0099] 2) Bagging: The prepared culture material is filled into a 15×55 polyethylene semi-shading bag, that is, with a 3 - 7 cm transparent part and the rest being black;

[0100] 3) Sterilization: The bags are placed in a high-temperature sterilization device for high-temperature sterilization;

[0101] 4) Inoculation: After the bags are cooled to room temperature, 4 holes are drilled at fixed positions for inoculation;

[0102] 5) Mycelium cultivation: After inoculation, the mycelium rods are placed in a clean room at 20 - 25°C and a humidity of 60 - 70% for mycelium cultivation for 30 days;

[0103] 6) Small aeration: When the mycelium diameter is 10 - 12 cm after inoculation, small holes are pricked in the mycelium growth circle to increase oxygen;

[0104] 7) Mycelium cultivation: After small aeration, continue mycelium cultivation under the same cultivation conditions for 30 days;

[0105] 8) Large aeration: The surface of the bags is evenly pricked with a total of 40 holes per bag;

[0106] 9) Mycelium cultivation: After pricking the holes, continue mycelium cultivation under the same cultivation conditions for 30 days;

[0107] 10) Inducing fruiting: Lower the temperature of the fruiting room to 10 - 15°C, create a temperature difference of 10 - 15°C as in step 5), with a humidity above 85%, to induce Lentinula edodes fruiting for 2 - 3 days, and then restore the fruiting cultivation conditions;

[0108] 11) Bag removal: After inducing fruiting, when mushroom buds appear, immediately remove the bags, otherwise deformed mushrooms are likely to occur;

[0109] 12) Harvesting: Fruiting occurs within 3 - 4 cm of the non-shaded area, the site is uncertain, and it is prone to mushroom bursting and deformity. The results are as Figure 2 shown.

[0110] Application Example 1

[0111] Compare the technical steps and technical effects of different fruiting modes as follows:

[0112] Table 1 Comparison of technical steps of conventional mode, semi-shading mode, and directional quantitative fruiting mode

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] Table 2 Single mushroom weight, total yield and number of high-quality mushrooms of the first flush of Lentinula edodes under the conventional mode, semi-shading mode and directional and quantitative fruiting mode

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] It can be seen from Table 2 that compared with the conventional mode, there are significant differences in the single mushroom weight, single stick yield, cap diameter and cap thickness of the directional and quantitative fruiting mode provided by the present invention; compared with the semi-shading fruiting mode, the single mushroom weight, single stick yield, cap diameter and cap thickness of the directional and quantitative fruiting mode are also improved to a certain extent.

[0119] At the same time, combined with Table 2 Figure 1 it can be known that in the conventional fruiting mode, mushrooms grow all around at 360 degrees, the mushroom yield at the fruiting site is uncertain, and the occupancy rate of the fruiting space is high, and the proportion of high-quality mushrooms is low, which is not suitable for intensive factory production; combined with Table 2 Figure 2 it can be known that although the semi-shading fruiting mode can achieve regional fixed-point fruiting and the proportion of high-quality mushrooms is improved compared with the conventional fruiting mode, it cannot be accurately positioned, the formation site of the fruiting body is difficult to control, and it is easy to have concentrated fruiting and bursting; combined with Table 2 Figure 3 it can be known that the directional and quantitative fruiting mode can achieve directional and fixed-point fruiting, solve multiple Lentinula edodes fruiting problems such as bag holding, clustering and bursting in the traditional fruiting mode, and can effectively improve the high-quality rate of the fruiting body.

[0120] Although the above embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative efforts, and these embodiments all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for directional and quantitative fruiting of Lentinula edodes, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Load the cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes into a fully light-shielding device, seal it to obtain the sealed cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes; Carry out rejuvenation culture on the sealed cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes to obtain the cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes after rejuvenation culture; Puncture holes on the surface of the fully light-shielding device of the cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes after rejuvenation culture, and carry out pre-fruiting culture on the cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes after puncturing holes to obtain the cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes after pre-fruiting culture; Carry out fruiting stimulation culture on the cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes after pre-fruiting culture to obtain mature Lentinula edodes; The punctures include single-sided puncturing or multi-sided puncturing on the full-shading device; the ratio of the number of the holes to the area of the punctured surface of the full-shading device is 10 to 30: 525 to 990 cm 2 , or 1 to 10: 5 to 99 cm 2 ; the holes are evenly distributed; The cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes includes Lentinula edodes strains and culture medium; the mycelia of the Lentinula edodes strains cover the culture medium; The preparation method of the cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes includes the following steps: Sterilize the culture medium to obtain the sterilized culture medium; Inoculate the Lentinula edodes strains into the sterilized culture medium, and carry out mycelium culture in a sterile environment to obtain the cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes.

2. The cultivation method for directional and quantitative fruiting of Lentinula edodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass of the Lentinula edodes strains in the cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes is 10% - 20% of the mass of the culture medium.

3. The cultivation method for directional and quantitative mushroom fruiting of Lentinula edodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conditions for mycelium culture in the preparation method of the cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes include: the temperature is 20 - 27 °C, the time is 15 - 60 d, and clean air is introduced during the culture period to ensure sufficient oxygen.

4. The cultivation method for directional and quantitative fruiting of Lentinula edodes according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that The preparation method of the cultivated material of the mixed mushroom strains of Lentinula edodes further includes: adding nutrient agents or water during the mycelium culture according to the pH value of the culture medium or the mycelium growth situation.

5. The cultivation method for directional and quantitative mushroom fruiting of Lentinula edodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fully light-shielding device includes a light-shielding bag or a light-shielding box.

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