Compound coating agent of mongolian ice grass and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a compound coating agent for Mongolian ice grass, a preparation method and application thereof, 1kg of Mongolian ice grass seeds, 0.5mg of graphene oxide, 50mg of indole acetic acid, 150mg of ammonium molybdate, 0.5g of potassium fulvic acid, 2kg of diatomite, 1kg of talcum powder, 1kg of bentonite, 5g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 50g of a coloring agent are used. The coating agent increases the thousand seed weight of the Mongolian ice grass seeds, and keeps the seed shape consistent, which is beneficial to large-scale mechanical seeding; the plant growth regulator, micro-fertilizer, stress resistance agent and other components are added into the coating agent, so that the germination rate and stress resistance of the seeds are improved; meanwhile, the nutrients are slowly released, and nutrient substances can still be provided after seedling emergence, so that the growth of the pasture is promoted, and the soil is improved; the graphene oxide is added into the seed coating agent, interacts with other seed coating agent components, and improves the germination rate and stress resistance of the seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coating agent technology, specifically relating to a Mongolian ice grass compound coating agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Grasslands are the world's largest type of vegetation resource, covering 41% of the Earth's land surface. They are also the largest terrestrial ecosystem type in my country, possessing vital production and ecological functions such as serving as livestock bases, preventing wind erosion and sandstorms, conserving water resources, regulating climate, and sequestering carbon. Grasslands are a key battleground for my country's ecological security and ecological civilization construction. A full understanding of the diversity and value of grasses will provide solutions to many of the social challenges facing humanity today. Among restoration technologies such as fencing for grazing bans, irrigation, fertilization, and reseeding, reseeding is the most widely used. However, it faces bottlenecks such as small seeds, difficulty in uniform sowing, and low germination and seedling survival rates. Seed coating for grasses holds promise for solving these problems. However, there is currently a lack of specialized seed coating formulas for grasses; most grass seeds are small, with awns, wings, and hairs, resulting in low nutrient storage; seed germination is slow, consuming a lot of nutrients, leaving even less for the continued growth of young roots and shoots after germination. In terms of coating technology, there is a severe shortage of equipment for pelleting small grass seeds, resulting in poor coating quality.

[0003] Mongolian icegrass, also known as sand grass (Agropyron mongolicum Keng), is a perennial herb belonging to the Poaceae family and the Agropyron genus. It has rhizomes. The culms are erect, sometimes prostrate at the base with roots at the nodes forming creeping stems. The leaf sheaths are shorter than the internodes, glabrous, and the margins are often inrolled into needle-like shapes. The spikelets are obliquely upward-pointing, the lemma is glabrous or pubescent, the base is obtuse, and the caryopsis is elliptical. Widely distributed in Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi, it is an important component of my country's temperate grassland vegetation, possessing excellent quality and valuable crop-improving genes, playing a vital role in ecological restoration and crop breeding. The lemma of Mongolian icegrass seeds is glabrous or sparsely pubescent, 5-veined, with membranous margins, and an awn 1-1.5 mm long at the apex. The first lemma is 5-6 mm long. The palea is nearly equal in length to the lemma, with cilia on the keels, and glabrous or pubescent between the keels. Existing problems: (1) Mongolian ice grass seeds are small and light, with a thousand-seed weight of 1.6-2.0g. Due to their poor mobility, it is difficult to carry out mechanized precision sowing in actual sowing process; (2) In the reseeding and restoration of degraded grasslands, due to the relatively harsh natural conditions, such as drought, low temperature and high salinity, there are problems of low germination rate and low seedling emergence rate; even if seedlings emerge, artificial water and fertilizer management is difficult to achieve due to the large area of ​​degraded grasslands and the high cost; without management, the survival rate of Mongolian ice grass is very low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a compound coating agent for Mongolian icegrass and its preparation method, which can improve the germination and stress resistance of Mongolian icegrass seeds.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is summarized as follows:

[0006] A compound coating agent for Mongolian icegrass includes graphene oxide, plant growth regulators, micronutrients / compound fertilizers, stress-resistant agents, insect- and bird-resistant colorants, fillers, and binders, as well as optimization of the coating pelleting process; the formulation of the coating agent is as follows: 1 kg of Mongolian icegrass seeds, using 0.5 mg of graphene oxide, 50 mg of indoleacetic acid, 150 mg of ammonium molybdate, 0.5 g of potassium humate, 2 kg of diatomaceous earth, 1 kg of talc, 1 kg of bentonite, 5 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 50 g of colorant.

[0007] The preparation method of the above-mentioned Mongolian icewort compound coating agent includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) Clean the seeds thoroughly, remove impurities and husks, and disinfect them;

[0009] (2) Dissolve graphene oxide, indoleacetic acid, and ammonium molybdate separately, and dilute them to 0.5 mg / L, 50 mg / L, and 150 mg / L respectively to obtain a mixed solution; at the same time, prepare sodium carboxymethyl cellulose into a solution with a concentration of 5 g / L;

[0010] (3) Soak the seeds in the mixed solution described in step (2) for 12 hours, rinse them with clean water, and air dry them in a ventilated place for 24 hours;

[0011] (4) Then put the seeds into the coating pan and rotate them. Use a syringe to inject sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution into the atomizer of the coating machine to moisten the seed surface. The amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution used here is 10% of the total amount used.

[0012] (5) Preparation of mixed filler: Mix diatomaceous earth, talc powder and bentonite thoroughly in a weight ratio of 2:1:1 to make mixed filler, and then divide it evenly into four parts;

[0013] (6) First coating: Add one part of the mixed filler to sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and potassium humate, and then add the seeds for coating; the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution used here is 20% of its total amount;

[0014] (7) Second and third coating treatments: Each time, one part of the mixed filler is added to sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and the seeds are coated; repeat twice; the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution used here is 20% of the total amount used;

[0015] (8) Fourth coating treatment: Add one part of the mixed filler to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and colorant, and then add the seeds for coating; the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution used here is 20% of its total amount;

[0016] (9) Finally, add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution to make the seed surface smooth and complete the coating and pelleting process; the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution used here is 10% of the total amount used.

[0017] The disinfection process in step (1) is as follows: first soak in anhydrous ethanol for 10 seconds, then soak in 4% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1 minute, and then rinse with clean water 4-5 times.

[0018] The colorant is an inorganic mineral, including iron oxide red, iron oxide green, and iron oxide blue.

[0019] This invention also protects the application of Mongolian icegrass compound coating agent in improving the seed vigor and stress resistance of Mongolian icegrass.

[0020] Among them, the improvement in seed vigor is reflected in the increase in seed germination rate, germination potential, germination index and vigor index; the improvement in stress resistance is reflected in the increase in germination rate under salt stress treatment compared with the control.

[0021] Advantages of this invention:

[0022] (1) Coating increases the thousand-seed weight of Mongolian ice grass and makes the seed shape consistent, which is beneficial for large-scale mechanical sowing;

[0023] (2) Adding plant growth regulators, micronutrients and other ingredients to the seed coating agent can improve the germination rate and stress resistance of seeds; at the same time, it can slowly release nutrients and continue to provide nutrients after seedling emergence, promote pasture growth and improve soil.

[0024] (3) Adding graphene oxide to the seed coating agent allows it to interact with other seed coating agent components, thereby improving the germination rate and stress resistance of the seeds. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This experiment compares coated pelleted seeds with naked seeds.

[0026] In the figures, the seeds at the top of Figure A are coated pelleted seeds, and the colorant used is iron oxide red; the seeds at the top of Figure B are coated pelleted seeds, and the colorant used is iron oxide green; the seeds at the top of Figure C are coated pelleted seeds, and the colorant used is iron oxide blue; the seeds at the bottom of Figures A, B, and C are all naked seeds. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer with the description. However, unless otherwise specified, the specific experimental methods involved in the following embodiments are conventional methods or implemented according to the conditions recommended in the manufacturer's instructions.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods in the following embodiments are all conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used can be purchased commercially.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as are familiar to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, any methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may be used in this invention. The preferred embodiments and materials described herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A compound coating agent for Mongolian icewort, the formulation of which is: 1 kg of Mongolian icewort seeds, using 0.5 mg of graphene oxide, 50 mg of indoleacetic acid, 150 mg of ammonium molybdate, 0.5 g of potassium humate, 2 kg of diatomaceous earth, 1 kg of talc, 1 kg of bentonite, 5 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 50 g of colorant.

[0032] The preparation method of the above-mentioned Mongolian icewort compound coating agent, taking 1 kg of seeds as an example, includes the following steps:

[0033] (1) Clean 1 kg of seeds, remove impurities and husks, and disinfect them;

[0034] (2) Dissolve 0.5 mg of graphene oxide, 50 mg of indoleacetic acid, and 150 mg of ammonium molybdate separately, and dilute them to 0.5 mg / L, 50 mg / L, and 150 mg / L respectively to obtain 1 L of mixed solution; at the same time, prepare a 5 g / L solution of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the details are as follows:

[0035] Indoleacetic acid solution: Weigh 50 mg of indoleacetic acid into a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask, dissolve it first with a small amount of alcohol, and then dilute to 100 ml with distilled water.

[0036] Ammonium molybdate solution: Weigh 150 mg of ammonium molybdate into a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask, then dilute to 100 ml with distilled water.

[0037] Graphene oxide solution: Weigh 0.5 mg of graphene oxide into a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask, dilute to 100 ml with ultrapure water, and shake for 12 h;

[0038] Then pour all three solutions into a 1000ml Erlenmeyer flask, add distilled water to bring the volume to 1000ml, and mix well.

[0039] Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution: Weigh 5g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose into a 1000ml Erlenmeyer flask, add hot water to make up to 1000ml, and obtain sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution;

[0040] (3) Soak the seeds in the 1L mixed solution described in step (2) for 12 hours, rinse them with clean water, and air dry them in a ventilated place for 24 hours;

[0041] (4) Then put the seeds into the coating pan and rotate them. Use a syringe to inject 100ml of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution into the atomizer of the coating machine to moisten the seed surface.

[0042] (5) Preparation of mixed filler: Weigh 2kg of diatomaceous earth, 1kg of talc powder and 1kg of bentonite, mix them thoroughly to make 4kg of mixed filler, and then divide it evenly into four portions, each 1kg.

[0043] (6) First coating: Add 1 kg of mixed filler to 200 ml of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and 0.5 g of potassium humate, and then add the seeds for coating; the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution used here is 20% of its total amount;

[0044] (7) 2nd-3rd coating treatment: Each time, add 1 kg of mixed filler to 200 ml of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, add seeds and coat; repeat twice;

[0045] (8) Fourth coating treatment: Add 1 kg of mixed filler to 200 ml of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and 50 g of colorant, and then add the seeds for coating;

[0046] (9) Finally, add 100ml of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution to make the seed surface smooth, and finally complete the seed coating and pelleting.

[0047] To demonstrate the beneficial effects of this invention, the following experiments were conducted, as detailed below:

[0048] I. Screening of Plant Growth Regulators

[0049] Plant growth regulators regulate germination and root elongation in plants. Seed coating, especially pelleting, can impair water exchange and air circulation, thus affecting germination rates. Therefore, pre-coating seeds with exogenous hormones or using plant growth regulators as coating materials can prevent lower germination rates after coating compared to uncoated seeds, significantly improving germination quality.

[0050] This invention screened four important plant growth regulators: indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA3), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and salicylic acid (SA). Six concentration gradients were established for each type of growth regulator: 0 mg / L, 50 mg / L, 100 mg / L, 150 mg / L, 200 mg / L, and 300 mg / L. After soaking the seeds in the growth regulators, they were repeatedly rinsed with water and blotted dry with filter paper. Fifty seeds were placed in each petri dish, with six treatments and three replicates per treatment. The effects of different plant growth regulators on the seed vigor of *Crassula ovata* were investigated, as detailed in Tables 1.1-1.4.

[0051] Table 1.1 Effects of the plant growth regulator indoleacetic acid (IAA) on the seed vigor of Mongolian wheatgrass

[0052]

[0053] Note: The data in the table are Mean±SE; different letters indicate significant differences.

[0054] Table 1.2 Effects of the plant growth regulator gibberellin (GA3) on the seed vigor of Mongolian wheatgrass.

[0055]

[0056] Note: The data in the table are Mean±SE; different letters indicate significant differences.

[0057] Table 1.3 Effects of the plant growth regulator naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on the seed vigor of Mongolian wheatgrass.

[0058]

[0059] Note: The data in the table are Mean±SE; different letters indicate significant differences.

[0060] Table 1.4 Effects of plant growth regulator salicylic acid (SA) on seed vigor of Mongolian wheatgrass

[0061]

[0062] Note: The data in the table are Mean±SE; different letters indicate significant differences.

[0063] Studies have found that soaking seeds in 50 mg / L indoleacetic acid (IAA) for 12 hours significantly improved the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index of Mongolian wheatgrass. IAA is ubiquitous in plants and can promote cell wall expansion and induce cellulase formation. When IAA binds directly to the protoplasmic membrane, it causes changes in membrane conformation and permeability, increases ion flow, and produces changes in biopotential or a series of metabolic changes, resulting in a rapid effect that increases cell wall elasticity and promotes plant growth. However, excessively high or low concentrations of IAA can inhibit plant growth.

[0064] II. Screening of Ammonium Molybdate Dosage

[0065] Ammonium molybdate is a micronutrient fertilizer containing molybdenum, an essential micronutrient for plant growth and development. Molybdenum is a crucial component of nitrogenase and nitrate reductase, participating in biological nitrogen fixation and nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in plants; it also contains ammonium, making it a high-concentration compound fertilizer. Five concentration gradients of ammonium molybdate were established: 0 mg / L, 80 mg / L, 100 mg / L, 150 mg / L, and 200 mg / L. A quantitative amount of ammonium molybdate was weighed, a solution was prepared with distilled water, and seeds were soaked for 12 hours. The experimental results are shown in Table 2. The study found that using 150 mg / L of ammonium molybdate yielded the best results.

[0066] Table 2 Effects of different concentrations of ammonium molybdate on the seed vigor of Mongolian icegrass

[0067]

[0068] Note: The data in the table are Mean±SE; different letters indicate significant differences.

[0069] III. Effects of the stress-resistance agent potassium humate on plant enzyme activity

[0070] This study designed seven gradients of potassium humate addition. After treating *Mongolian icegrass* seeds with a 100 mmol / L NaCl solution, salt stress was applied. Germination rate, malondialdehyde (MDA), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were measured. MDA reflects the degree of oxidative damage in plants; adding potassium humate reduced MDA content, mitigating salt stress damage. POD and CAT catalyze the decomposition of peroxides in plants, improving their stress resistance. Specific results are shown in Table 3. Table 3 shows that 0.5 g / kg potassium humate significantly improved the salt tolerance of *Mongolian icegrass*.

[0071] Table 3 Effects of the stress-resistance agent potassium humate on plant enzyme activity

[0072]

[0073] Note: MDA, malondialdehyde; POD, peroxidase; CAT, catalase; data in the table are Mean±SE; different letters indicate significant differences.

[0074] IV. Effects of Graphene Oxide Seed Soaking on the Germination of Mongolian Ice Grass

[0075] This invention established seven graphene oxide dispersion concentrations: 0 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L, 0.5 mg / L, 1.0 mg / L, 2.5 mg / L, 100 mg / L, and 150 mg / L. Graphene oxide was quantitatively weighed, a solution was prepared with ultrapure water, shaken for 1 hour, and then seeds were added and soaked for 12 hours with shaking. Specific results are shown in Table 4. Table 4 shows that using 0.5 mg / L graphene oxide increased the seed germination rate by 17%, germination potential by 37%, germination index by 49%, and vigor index by 50%.

[0076] Table 4. Effects of graphene oxide soaking on the germination of Mongolian icegrass.

[0077]

[0078] Note: The data in the table are Mean±SE; different letters indicate significant differences.

[0079] V. Effects of the interaction between graphene oxide and indoleacetic acid on the germination of Mongolian wheatgrass seeds

[0080] To investigate whether the simultaneous use of graphene oxide and indoleacetic acid (IAA) affects the germination of Mongolian wheatgrass seeds, the following experiments were conducted. Indoleacetic acid at a concentration of 50 mg / L, graphene oxide at a concentration of 0.5 mg / L, and a combination of the above concentrations of IAA and graphene oxide were used to treat Mongolian wheatgrass seeds. The results are shown in Table 5. The table shows that using IAA alone increased seed vigor by 20%, using graphene oxide alone increased seed vigor by 40%, and using both together increased seed vigor by 80%. Therefore, the combined use of the two is more effective.

[0081] Table 5. Effects of graphene oxide-indoleacetic acid interaction on seed germination of Mongolian icegrass.

[0082]

[0083] Note: The data in the table are Mean±SE; different letters indicate significant differences.

[0084] VI. Effects of the interaction between graphene oxide and potassium humate on the germination and enzyme activity of Mongolian wheatgrass under salt stress

[0085] This experiment investigated the effects of the interaction between graphene oxide (0.5 mg / L) and potassium humate (0.5 g / kg) on ​​the germination and enzyme activity of Mongolian crested grass. Mongolian crested grass seeds were soaked in a graphene oxide dispersion, then treated with potassium humate powder, followed by salt stress treatment with a 100 mmol / L NaCl solution. Seed vigor and enzyme activity were then measured. The results are shown in Table 6. The table shows that compared to the control, potassium humate increased the stress resistance of Mongolian crested grass by 70%, graphene oxide increased it by 80%, and the interaction of potassium humate and graphene oxide increased the stress resistance by 200%. Therefore, the combined use of both treatments yielded better results.

[0086] Table 6. Effects of graphene oxide-potassium humate interaction on germination and enzyme activity of Mongolian wheatgrass under salt stress.

[0087]

[0088] Note: The data in the table are Mean±SE; different letters indicate significant differences.

[0089] VII. Screening of Filler Types and Proportions

[0090] Different types of fillers and their ratio combinations T1-T6 were set up. Mongolian icegrass seeds were coated and pelleted using a seed coating pelleting machine (5BW50-15). Process indicators such as disintegration time, seed content, and single-seed rate were measured. Then, pot experiments were conducted, with 150 seeds randomly selected from each treatment, replicated three times, with 50 seeds per replicate. Untreated seeds were used as a control. Germination rate and other indicators were measured. The combination ratios are shown in Table 7-1, and the phenotypic results of Mongolian icegrass coated and pelleted seeds with different ratios are shown in Table 7-2. The optimal ratio was determined as follows: diatomaceous earth: bentonite: talc in a ratio of 2:1:1; the ratio of filler to seed was 4:1.

[0091] Table 7-1 Different types and ratios of fillers

[0092]

[0093] Table 7-2 Detection of the characteristics of coated and pelleted seeds of Mongolian icegrass

[0094]

[0095] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are only used to explain the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other implementation methods can be easily made by substitution or modification based on the technical content disclosed in this specification. Therefore, all changes and improvements made on the principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compound coating agent for Mongolian icewort, characterized in that, The coating agent is formulated as follows: 1 kg of Mongolian ice grass seeds, using 0.5 mg of graphene oxide, 50 mg of indoleacetic acid, 150 mg of ammonium molybdate, 0.5 g of potassium humate, 2 kg of diatomaceous earth, 1 kg of talc, 1 kg of bentonite, 5 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 50 g of colorant.

2. The preparation method of the Mongolian ice plant compound coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method is as follows: (1) Clean the seeds thoroughly, remove impurities and husks, and disinfect them; (2) Dissolve graphene oxide, indoleacetic acid, and ammonium molybdate separately, and dilute them to 0.5 mg / L, 50 mg / L, and 150 mg / L respectively to obtain a mixed solution; at the same time, prepare sodium carboxymethyl cellulose into a solution with a concentration of 5 g / L; (3) Soak the seeds in the mixed solution described in step (2) for 12 hours, rinse them with clean water, and air dry them in a ventilated place for 24 hours; (4) Then put the seeds into the coating pan and rotate them. Use a syringe to inject sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution into the atomizer of the coating machine to moisten the seed surface. The amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution used here is 10% of its total amount; (5) Preparation of mixed filler: Mix diatomaceous earth, talc powder and bentonite thoroughly in a weight ratio of 2:1:1 to make mixed filler, and then divide it evenly into four parts; (6) First coating: Add one part of the mixed filler to sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and potassium humate, and then add the seeds for coating; the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution used here is 20% of its total amount; (7) Second and third coating treatments: Each time, one part of the mixed filler is added to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, and then the seeds are added for coating; repeat twice; the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution used here is 20% of its total amount; (8) Fourth coating treatment: Add one part of the mixed filler to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and colorant, and then add the seeds for coating; the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution used here is 20% of its total amount; (9) Finally, add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution to make the seed surface smooth and complete the coating and pelleting process; the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution used here is 10% of the total amount used.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The steps for disinfection in step (1) are as follows: first soak in anhydrous ethanol for 10 seconds, then soak in 4% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1 minute, and then rinse with clean water 4-5 times.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The colorant is an inorganic mineral, including iron oxide red, iron oxide green, and iron oxide blue.

5. The application of the Mongolian icegrass compound coating agent according to claim 1 in improving the seed vigor and stress resistance of Mongolian icegrass.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, Improved seed vigor was reflected in increased germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index; improved stress resistance was reflected in increased germination rate under salt stress treatment compared to the control.

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