Method for calculating inter-orchard evaporation

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of measurement method, and particularly relates to a method for calculating orchard inter-plant evaporation, comprising: uniformly dividing a single fruit tree surface area with the fruit tree as the center; constructing a three-dimensional model of the fruit tree, importing a solar motion model into the three-dimensional model of the fruit tree, dividing the single fruit tree surface area into shaded areas and non-shaded areas, and generating a single fruit tree surface area solar radiation distribution model; dividing the single fruit tree surface area into irrigated wet areas and non-wet areas, determining the surface soil moisture content of different areas, and generating a single fruit tree surface area soil moisture distribution model; selecting different positions in the single fruit tree area to install micro lysimeters, and calculating the soil evaporation at different positions; importing the soil evaporation data into the solar radiation distribution model and the surface soil moisture distribution model, and calculating the orchard inter-plant evaporation; the present application improves the calculation accuracy of orchard inter-plant evaporation and the time resolution of inter-plant evaporation data.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of measurement method, in particular to a method for calculating orchard inter-plant evaporation. BACKGROUND

[0002] The water consumption of crops includes soil inter-plant evaporation, plant transpiration and water required for the composition of the crop itself. Among them, the inter-plant evaporation accounts for a large proportion of the total water consumption in the whole growth period of crops, and is invalid water consumption. Therefore, measuring the inter-plant evaporation is of great significance for agricultural water saving. Solar radiation, crop leaf area and soil moisture content are the main factors affecting the inter-plant evaporation. Among them, solar radiation and crop leaf area affect the energy required for the water evaporation received by the surface soil, and soil moisture content affects the amount of water that can be evaporated by the soil.

[0003] The existing measurement methods for measuring inter-plant evaporation mainly include two kinds: direct method and indirect method. The direct method directly measures the soil evaporation amount by using an instrument, which is simple and practical. The indirect method is a soil water balance method based on the principle of water balance. Compared with the direct method, the indirect method has the problems of difficult parameter acquisition, difficult calculation and low accuracy. The instruments for directly measuring soil evaporation amount mainly include large-scale lysimeters and small-scale lysimeters. The large-scale lysimeter is expensive and is usually used for measuring the inter-plant evaporation of field crops. The small-scale lysimeter is widely used for measuring the inter-plant evaporation of field crops, fruit trees, forest trees and the like. However, the surface conditions under fruit trees are complex, the precision of the inter-plant evaporation measured by the small-scale lysimeter is poor, and the measurement interval is long, so that the real-time inter-plant evaporation amount cannot be obtained. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a method for calculating the inter-plant evaporation of orchard, which aims to solve the problems of low measurement precision and low time resolution of the existing inter-plant evaporation measurement of fruit trees.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a method for calculating the inter-plant evaporation of orchard, which comprises:

[0006] S1. Dividing the surface area of single fruit tree evenly around the fruit tree according to the row spacing of the fruit tree planting;

[0007] S2. Real-time monitoring the change of solar radiation in the fruit tree growth environment by using a radiometer, constructing a three-dimensional model of the fruit tree by using a three-dimensional modeling technology, importing a solar motion model into the three-dimensional model of the fruit tree, dividing the surface of the single fruit tree area into shaded areas and non-shaded areas, and generating a solar radiation distribution model of the surface of the single fruit tree area;

[0008] S3. Dividing the surface of the single fruit tree area into irrigated wet areas and non-wet areas, measuring the surface soil moisture content of different areas, and generating a soil moisture distribution model of the surface of the single fruit tree area;

[0009] S4, the micro-lysimeter is installed at different positions in the single fruit tree area, the weight of the micro-lysimeter is measured by using an electronic balance, and the soil evaporation amount at different positions is calculated;

[0010] S5, the soil evaporation amount data is imported into a solar radiation distribution model and a surface soil moisture distribution model, a soil evaporation amount distribution model is generated, and the inter-plant evaporation amount is calculated.

[0011] In the step S2, the extinction coefficient model is imported into the three-dimensional model of the fruit tree, and the solar radiation distribution of the surface in the shaded area is calculated.

[0012] In the step S2, the time scale of the sun movement can be set as minutes, hours or days according to the calculation requirement of the inter-plant evaporation, so as to generate the surface solar radiation distribution model of different time scales.

[0013] In the step S3, the irrigated area and the non-irrigated area are divided according to the specific irrigation mode and the arrangement of the orchard.

[0014] In the step S4, half of the micro-lysimeters at different positions are selected as the test group, and the remaining micro-lysimeters are selected as the verification group.

[0015] In the step S4, the start time and the end time of the determination of the soil evaporation amount should be recorded, the determination time is between the start time and the end time, and the solar radiation of each micro-lysimeter is accurately divided according to the determination time.

[0016] The method for calculating the inter-plant evaporation of the orchard considers the relationship between the solar radiation, the fruit tree crown layer structure, the soil moisture content and the inter-plant evaporation amount, divides the surface of the single fruit tree area into shaded areas and non-shaded areas, irrigated areas and non-irrigated areas, constructs a soil evaporation amount distribution model, obtains the spatial distribution of the inter-plant evaporation amount, and ensures the calculation accuracy of the inter-plant evaporation amount; the extinction coefficient model is imported into the three-dimensional model of the fruit tree, the solar radiation distribution of the surface in the shaded area is accurately calculated, and the calculation accuracy of the inter-plant evaporation amount is further improved; the time scale of the sun movement is set as minutes, hours or days according to the calculation requirement of the inter-plant evaporation, so as to generate the surface solar radiation distribution model of different time scales, the inter-plant evaporation amount of the fruit tree at any time can be obtained, and the time resolution of the inter-plant evaporation amount data is improved; the calculation accuracy of the inter-plant evaporation of the orchard and the time resolution of the inter-plant evaporation amount data are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating inter-plant evaporation in an orchard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a method for calculating inter-plant evaporation in an orchard, comprising:

[0020] S1 evenly dividing the ground surface area of a single fruit tree around the fruit tree according to the planting row spacing of the fruit tree;

[0021] S2 monitoring the change of solar radiation in the fruit tree growth environment in real time by using a radiometer, constructing a three-dimensional model of the fruit tree by using a three-dimensional modeling technology, importing a solar motion model into the three-dimensional model of the fruit tree, dividing the ground surface of the single fruit tree area into shaded and non-shaded areas, and generating a solar radiation distribution model of the ground surface of the single fruit tree area;

[0022] In the step S2, the extinction coefficient model is also imported into the three-dimensional model of the fruit tree to calculate the solar radiation distribution of the ground surface in the shaded area; in the step S2, the time scale of the solar motion can be set as minutes, hours or days according to the inter-plant evaporation calculation requirement to generate a ground surface solar radiation distribution model of different time scales.

[0023] S3 dividing the ground surface of the single fruit tree area into irrigated wet areas and non-wet areas, determining the soil moisture content of different areas, and generating a soil moisture distribution model of the ground surface of the single fruit tree area;

[0024] In the step S3, the irrigated wet areas and non-wet areas are divided according to the specific irrigation mode and its arrangement of the orchard.

[0025] S4 selecting and installing micro lysimeters at different positions in the single fruit tree area, measuring the weight of the micro lysimeters by using an electronic balance, and calculating the soil evaporation at different positions;

[0026] In the step S4, half of the micro lysimeters at different positions are selected as the test group, and the remaining micro lysimeters are selected as the verification group; in the step S4, the start time and the end time of the measurement should be recorded when measuring the soil evaporation, and the measurement time is between the start time and the end time, and the solar radiation of each micro lysimeter is accurately divided according to the measurement time.

[0027] S5 imports the soil evaporation data into the solar radiation distribution model and the surface soil moisture distribution model, generates a soil evaporation distribution model, and calculates the inter-plant evaporation of the fruit trees.

[0028] The method for calculating the inter-plant evaporation of the orchard of the application considers the relationship among the solar radiation, the crown structure of the fruit trees, the soil moisture content and the inter-plant evaporation, divides the surface of the area of the single fruit tree into the shaded area and the non-shaded area, the irrigated wet area and the non-wet area, constructs the soil evaporation distribution model, obtains the spatial distribution of the inter-plant evaporation, and ensures the calculation accuracy of the inter-plant evaporation; introduces the extinction coefficient model into the three-dimensional model of the fruit trees, accurately calculates the solar radiation distribution of the surface in the shaded area, and further improves the calculation accuracy of the inter-plant evaporation; sets the time scale of the solar movement as minutes, hours or days according to the calculation requirement of the inter-plant evaporation, generates the surface solar radiation distribution model of different time scales, and can obtain the inter-plant evaporation of the fruit trees at any time, and improves the time resolution of the inter-plant evaporation data.

[0029] The above only discloses a preferred embodiment of the application, and of course cannot limit the scope of the application, and those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the application still belong to the scope of the application.

Claims

1. A method of calculating inter-tree evaporation in an orchard, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1: According to the planting row spacing of the fruit tree, the single fruit tree area surface is evenly divided around the fruit tree as the center; S2: The radiation meter is used to monitor the solar radiation change in the fruit tree growth environment in real time, the three-dimensional modeling technology is used to construct the three-dimensional model of the fruit tree, the solar motion model is introduced into the three-dimensional model of the fruit tree, the single fruit tree area surface is divided into shaded area and non-shaded area, and the single fruit tree area surface solar radiation distribution model is generated; S3: The single fruit tree area surface is divided into irrigation wet area and non-wet area, the surface soil water content in different areas is determined, and the single fruit tree area surface soil water distribution model is generated; S4: The micro lysimeter is installed at different positions in the single fruit tree area surface, the electronic balance is used to determine the weight of the micro lysimeter, and the soil evaporation amount at different positions is calculated; S5: The soil evaporation amount data is introduced into the solar radiation distribution model and the single fruit tree area surface soil water distribution model, the soil evaporation amount distribution model is generated, and the inter-plant evaporation amount of the fruit tree is calculated.

2. The method for calculating the inter-plant evaporation of the orchard according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the extinction coefficient model is introduced into the three-dimensional model of the fruit tree, and the solar radiation distribution of the surface in the shaded area is calculated.

3. The method for calculating the inter-plant evaporation of the orchard according to claim 2, wherein in the step S2, the time scale of the solar motion is set as minute, hour or day according to the inter-plant evaporation calculation requirement, so as to generate the single fruit tree area surface solar radiation distribution model of different time scales.

4. The method for calculating the inter-plant evaporation of the orchard according to claim 3, wherein in the step S3, the irrigation wet area and the non-wet area are divided according to the specific irrigation mode of the orchard and the arrangement thereof.

5. The method for calculating the inter-plant evaporation of the orchard according to claim 4, wherein in the step S4, the micro lysimeters at different positions are selected as the test group, and the rest of the micro lysimeters are selected as the verification group.

6. The method for calculating the inter-plant evaporation of the orchard according to claim 5, wherein in the step S4, the starting time and the ending time of the determination of the soil evaporation amount are recorded, the determination time is between the starting time and the ending time, and the solar radiation condition of each micro lysimeter is accurately divided according to the determination time. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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