An electronic device

Abstract

This application provides an electronic device that may include multiple antenna elements. These antenna elements are arranged in different ways to achieve high isolation in a small-pitch configuration, meeting the requirements of a MIMO system. The electronic device includes a first antenna element, a second antenna element, a first resonant connector, and a first electronic component. The first antenna element includes a first radiator and a first feed element. The second antenna element includes a second radiator and a second feed element, the first feed element being different from the second feed element. A first end of the first resonant connector is electrically connected to the first radiator, and a second end is electrically connected to the second radiator. The first electronic component is electrically connected between a ground plane and the resonant connector. The first and second radiators are parallel and not collinear, and their grounding terminals are far apart.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, electronic devices are now used not only for making calls, sending text messages, and taking photos, but also for listening to music online, watching online movies, and real-time videos. These applications cover a wide range of uses in people's lives, including communication, film and television entertainment, and e-commerce. Among these, many functional applications require wireless networks to upload and download data, making high-speed data transmission extremely important.

[0003] Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology plays a crucial role in 5G wireless communication systems. MIMO refers to the technique of using multiple antennas to transmit and receive signals in wireless communication. In MIMO systems, multiple antenna elements that can operate simultaneously transmit and receive data within the same time period can significantly increase data throughput and provide better data transmission rates. However, in increasingly compact electronic devices such as mobile phones, achieving good MIMO performance using multiple antennas to transmit and receive signals remains a significant challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an electronic device that may include multiple antenna elements. The multiple antenna elements are arranged in different ways to achieve high isolation in the case of small spacing, so as to meet the needs of MIMO system.

[0005] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a ground plane; a first antenna unit including a first radiator and a first feed unit, the first radiator including a first feed point, the first feed unit being coupled to the first radiator through the first feed point; a second antenna unit including a second radiator and a second feed unit, the second radiator including a second feed point, the second feed unit being coupled to the second radiator through the second feed point, the first feed unit being different from the second feed unit; a first resonant connector, a first end of the first resonant connector being coupled to the first radiator, and a second end of the first resonant connector being coupled to the second radiator; and a first electronic component, a first end of the first electronic component being coupled to the first resonant connector, and a second end of the first electronic component being coupled to the ground plane; a first end of the first radiator being coupled to the ground plane, and a second end of the second radiator being coupled to the ground plane, the first radiator and the second radiator being placed side by side, and the first end of the first radiator and the second end of the second radiator being grounded terminals on opposite sides.

[0006] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first radiator and the second radiator are juxtopose, and the grounding terminals of the first radiator and the second radiator are located on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure. By using a resonant connector disposed between the first and second radiators and a first electronic component connected in parallel between the resonant connector and the ground plane, the frequencies of resonance generated by the first resonant mode (e.g., HWM) and the second resonant mode (e.g., OWM) of the first and second antenna elements can be adjusted respectively. This makes the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonant modes the same, and utilizes the mode currents of the first and second resonant modes to cancel each other out, thereby improving the isolation between the first and second antenna elements.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than 5 mm.

[0008] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be compactly arranged inside the electronic device, saving internal space.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first end of the first resonant connector is located between the first end of the first radiator and the midpoint of the first radiator, and / or, the second end of the first resonant connector is located between the second end of the second radiator and the midpoint of the second radiator.

[0010] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the midpoint can be the geometric center of the first radiator, and the distance between the midpoint and the first end and the second end of the first radiator is the same.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first projection and the second projection extend in the first direction and at least partially overlap in the second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, the first projection being the projection of the first radiator onto the plane of the floor, and the second projection being the projection of the second radiator onto the plane of the floor; the electrical length E1 of the first radiator and the electrical length E2 of the second radiator satisfy: E1×80%≤E2≤E1×120%.

[0012] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the radiators of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit should have approximately the same electrical length so that the operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are the same, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be used as sub-units in the MIMO system.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first projection and the second projection extend in the first direction and at least partially overlap in the second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, the first projection being the projection of the first radiator onto the plane of the floor, and the second projection being the projection of the second radiator onto the plane of the floor; the physical length L1 of the first radiator and the physical length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1×80%≤L2≤L1×120%.

[0014] In some implementations of the first aspect, the first projection and the second projection are parallel in the first direction.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length L3 of the overlapping portion of the first projection and the second projection in the second direction and the length L4 of the first projection satisfy: L4×80%≤L3.

[0016] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, as the portion of the first projection and the second projection that overlaps along the second direction becomes larger, the radiation performance becomes better. When the first projection and the second projection completely overlap along the second direction, the performance is optimal.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a second electronic component; the first resonant connector includes a gap, and the second electronic component is connected in series with the first resonant connector through the gap.

[0018] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the resonant connector can be equivalent to an inductor, and the inductance value of its equivalent inductance can be adjusted by the length or width of the resonant connector. The equivalent inductance of the resonant connector can be adjusted by a second electronic component, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency corresponding to the first resonant mode.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when the first feeding unit is feeding power, the first radiator and the second radiator are used to jointly generate a first resonance and a second resonance, wherein the resonant frequency of the first resonance is greater than the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

[0020] In some implementations of the first aspect, the resonant frequency of the second resonance is related to the equivalent inductance of the second electronic element.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when the first feeding unit is feeding power, portions of the first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, wherein the resonant frequency of the first resonance is greater than the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

[0022] In some implementations of the first aspect, the resonant frequency of the first resonance is related to the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: a third antenna unit, a second resonant connector, and a third electronic component; the third antenna unit includes a third radiator and a third feed unit, the second radiator is located between the third radiator and the first radiator, the third radiator includes a third feed point, and the third feed unit is coupled to the third radiator through the third feed point; a first end of the second resonant connector is coupled to the second radiator, and a second end of the second resonant connector is coupled to the third radiator; a first end of the third electronic component is coupled to the second resonant connector, and a second end of the third electronic component is coupled to the ground plane; a first end of the third radiator is coupled to the ground plane, the third radiator and the second radiator are placed side by side, and the first end of the third radiator and the second end of the second radiator are grounding terminals located on opposite sides.

[0024] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of this application, the third projection and the second projection are parallel in the first direction and at least partially overlap in the second direction. The third projection is the projection of the third radiator on the plane where the floor is located. The first end of the third radiator is coupled to the ground of the floor. The distance between the first end of the third radiator and the second end of the second radiator is greater than the distance between the first end of the third radiator and the first end of the second radiator.

[0025] The technical solution according to the embodiments of this application can be applied to antenna structures including three or more antenna elements, and the number of antenna elements is not limited. It can be adjusted according to actual production or design needs.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit, the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit, and the operating frequency band of the third antenna unit all include the first frequency band.

[0027] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit can be applied to a MIMO system as sub-units therein.

[0028] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first antenna element further includes a first parasitic stub; the second end of the first parasitic stub is coupled to the grounding of the grounding plate, the first parasitic stub and the first radiator are placed side by side, and the first end of the first radiator and the second end of the first parasitic stub are grounding ends located on opposite sides.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the fourth projection and the first projection are parallel in the first direction and at least partially overlap in the second direction, the fourth projection being the projection of the first parasitic branch onto the plane of the floor; the second end of the first parasitic branch is coupled to the ground of the floor, and the distance between the first end of the first radiator and the second end of the first parasitic branch is greater than the distance between the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the first parasitic branch.

[0030] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second antenna element further includes a second parasitic stub; the first end of the second parasitic stub is opposite to and does not contact the first end of the second radiator, and the second end of the second parasitic stub is coupled to the grounded ground of the ground plane.

[0031] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the fifth projection and the second projection are arranged along the same straight line in the first direction, wherein the fifth projection is the projection of the second parasitic branch onto the plane of the floor.

[0032] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the second radiator and the second parasitic stub are placed side by side, with their grounding terminals located on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled antenna structure. The second parasitic stub resonates through the electrical signal fed into the second radiator, thereby extending the operating frequency band of the first antenna element.

[0033] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a support; the first radiator and the second radiator are located on the surface of the support.

[0034] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a rear cover; the first radiator and the second radiator are located on the surface of the rear cover.

[0035] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application do not limit the layout of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit inside the electronic device, and can be adjusted according to the actual production design needs.

[0036] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator and the second radiator are sheet-like radiators.

[0037] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the first antenna element and the second antenna element can be planar inverted F antennas.

[0038] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than 2 mm.

[0039] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, both the first radiator and the second radiator extend in a first direction, the second end of the first radiator is an open end, and the first end of the second radiator is an open end. The grounding terminals where the first end of the first radiator and the second end of the second radiator are located on opposite sides mean that the first end of the first radiator is on a first side in the first direction, the second end of the first radiator is on a second side in the first direction, and the first end of the second radiator is on a first side in the first direction, and the second end of the second radiator is on a second side in the first direction. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the HWM of the dipole antenna provided in this application.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the OWM of the dipole antenna provided in this application.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution after the dipole antenna is bent, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0044] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution after the dipole antenna is bent, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the dipole antenna after bending and adding a ground plane, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the dipole antenna after bending and adding a ground plane, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution after the dipole antenna provided in this application is bent and a ground plane perpendicular to the antenna element is added.

[0048] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution after the dipole antenna provided in this application is bent and a ground plane perpendicular to the antenna element is added.

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a set of antenna structures provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0050] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure shown in (a).

[0051] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure shown in (b).

[0052] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0053] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 The simulation results of antenna element 111 in the antenna structure shown are as follows.

[0054] Figure 15 yes Figure 13 Simulation results of the isolation between antenna elements in the antenna structure shown.

[0055] Figure 16 yes Figure 13 The diagram shows the current distribution when an electrical signal is fed into antenna element 111 in the antenna structure shown.

[0056] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0057] Figure 18 yes Figure 17 The simulation results of antenna element 113 in the antenna structure shown are based on S11.

[0058] Figure 19 yes Figure 17 Simulation results of the isolation between antenna elements in the antenna structure shown.

[0059] Figure 20 yes Figure 17 The diagram shows the current distribution when an electrical signal is fed into antenna element 113 in the antenna structure shown.

[0060] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in this application.

[0061] Figure 22 yes Figure 21 The diagram shows the S-parameters of the antenna structure.

[0062] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution when an electrical signal is fed into the first antenna element in the antenna structure.

[0063] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution when an electrical signal is fed into the second antenna element in the antenna structure.

[0064] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0065] Figure 26 This is a top view of the electronic device 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0066] Figure 27 This is a partial schematic diagram of the electronic device 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0067] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0068] Figure 29 yes Figure 28 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0069] Figure 30 yes Figure 28 The radiation efficiency of the antenna element and the system efficiency are shown.

[0070] Figure 31 yes Figure 28 The diagram shows the electric field distribution of the antenna element.

[0071] Figure 32 yes Figure 28 The radiation pattern of the antenna element shown.

[0072] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0073] Figure 34 yes Figure 33The simulation results of S11 for the antenna element shown are as follows.

[0074] Figure 35 yes Figure 33 The isolation between the antenna elements is shown.

[0075] Figure 36 yes Figure 33 The radiation efficiency of the antenna element and the system efficiency are shown.

[0076] Figure 37 yes Figure 33 The diagram shows the electric field distribution of the antenna element.

[0077] Figure 38 yes Figure 33 The radiation pattern of the antenna element shown.

[0078] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0079] Figure 40 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 500 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0080] Figure 41 yes Figure 40 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0081] Figure 42 yes Figure 40 The radiation efficiency of the antenna element and the system efficiency are shown.

[0082] Figure 43 yes Figure 40 The diagram shows the electric field distribution of the antenna element.

[0083] Figure 44 yes Figure 40 The radiation pattern of the antenna element shown.

[0084] Figure 45 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 600 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0085] Figure 46 yes Figure 45 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0086] Figure 47 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 600 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0087] Figure 48 yes Figure 47 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0088] Figure 49 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 600 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0089] Figure 50 yes Figure 49 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0090] Figure 51 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 600 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0091] Figure 52 yes Figure 51 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0092] Figure 53 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 600 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0093] Figure 54 yes Figure 53 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0094] Figure 55 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 600 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0095] Figure 56 yes Figure 55 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0096] Figure 57 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 600 provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0097] The following explains the terminology that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0098] Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" can be understood as a direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection," which can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through a gap / non-contact method. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0099] Connection / linking: can refer to a mechanical or physical connection. For example, A and B being connected or linked can mean that there are fasteners (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or that A and B are in contact with each other and are difficult to separate.

[0100] Capacitor: can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive components separated by a certain gap.

[0101] Inductance: can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to inductive components, such as inductor elements; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a conductor due to curling or rotation, or by a trace of any shape.

[0102] Resonant / Resonant Frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. It refers to the frequency at which the imaginary part of the antenna's input impedance is zero. The resonant frequency can have a range, that is, the range of frequencies where resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the point of strongest resonance is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic at the center frequency can be less than -20dB.

[0103] Resonant band / communication band / operating band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating band.

[0104] Electrical length: can be the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. Electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0105]

[0106] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0107] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency from 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0108] The term "end" refers to the first (second) end of the antenna radiator, as well as the grounded or open end. It cannot be narrowly interpreted as necessarily being a single point; it can also be considered a segment of the antenna radiator including the first endpoint. In one embodiment, the first endpoint is the endpoint of the antenna radiator at the first slot. For example, the first end of the antenna radiator can be considered a segment of the radiator within a range of one-sixteenth of a first wavelength from the first endpoint. The first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna structure, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point.

[0109] Open terminal, closed terminal: In some embodiments, open terminal / closed terminal refers to, for example, relative to ground, with the closed terminal grounded and the open terminal not grounded, or, for example, relative to other conductors, with the closed terminal electrically connected to other conductors and the open terminal not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open terminal may also be referred to as an open terminal or an open circuit terminal. In one embodiment, the closed terminal may also be referred to as a ground terminal or a short circuit terminal.

[0110] The terms "middle" or "middle position" mentioned in the embodiments of this application refer to certain ranges or distances. For example, the middle (position) of a conductor can be a section of the conductor including the midpoint, or the middle (position) of a conductor can be a section of the conductor that is less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm) from the midpoint.

[0111] The terms collinearity, coplanarity (e.g., axial symmetry, or central symmetry), parallelism, perpendicularity, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of this application are all relative to the current technological level, and not absolute and strict mathematical definitions. There may be a deviation of less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 0.5 mm, or 0.1 mm) between the edges of two collinear radiating stubs or two antenna elements in the line width direction. There may be a deviation of less than a predetermined threshold between the edges of two coplanar radiating stubs or two antenna elements in the direction perpendicular to their coplanar plane. There may be a deviation of a predetermined angle between two parallel or perpendicular antenna elements. In one embodiment, the predetermined threshold may be less than or equal to a threshold of 1 mm, for example, the predetermined threshold may be 0.5 mm or 0.1 mm. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle may be an angle within the range of ±10°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation is ±5°.

[0112] Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.

[0113] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated into space by an antenna (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power - loss power; loss power mainly includes return loss power and ohmic loss power of metals and / or dielectric loss power. Radiation efficiency is a measure of an antenna's radiation capability; metal loss and dielectric loss are both factors affecting radiation efficiency.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0115] Antenna radiation pattern: also known as radiation pattern. It refers to the graph showing how the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna's radiated field changes with direction at a certain distance from the antenna. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular planar radiation patterns passing through the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna.

[0116] Antenna radiation patterns typically have multiple radiating beams. The beam with the highest radiating intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining beams are called side lobes. Among the side lobes, the side lobe in the opposite direction to the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0117] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port after passing through the antenna circuit to the transmit power at the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the antenna's radiation efficiency. Conversely, the larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0118] Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the less energy the antenna reflects back, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna's system efficiency. Conversely, the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the antenna's system efficiency.

[0119] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0120] Ground, or floor: can refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground" can be used for grounding components within an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board in an electronic device, or a grounding metal layer formed by a ground plane formed within the frame of the electronic device or a metal film formed beneath the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass or polymers.

[0121] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0122] It should be understood that the statement in this article that the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance are the same (also known as being at the same frequency) can be interpreted as any of the following situations:

[0123] The resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances include the same communication frequency band. In one embodiment, the first and second resonances can be applied to a MIMO antenna system. For example, if both the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances include the sub-6GHz frequency band in 5G, then the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances can be considered to be at the same frequency.

[0124] The resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance have at least partial frequency overlap. For example, the resonant frequency band of the first resonance includes B35 (1.85-1.91GHz) in LTE, and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance includes B39 (1.88-1.92GHz) in LTE. Since the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance partially overlap, it can be considered that the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance are at the same frequency.

[0125] like Figure 1As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a cover 13, a display / module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 may be a glass cover, but it may also be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass cover, a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) cover, etc.

[0126] The cover plate 13 can be set close to the display module 15, and can be mainly used to protect the display module 15 from dust.

[0127] In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0128] The middle frame 19 mainly serves to support the entire machine. Figure 1The diagram shows PCB 17 positioned between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, PCB 17 may also be positioned between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this application does not limit this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric substrate, Rogers dielectric substrate, or a hybrid dielectric substrate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric substrate is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are carried on PCB 17. In one embodiment, a metal layer can be provided on the printed circuit board PCB 17. This metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, or for grounding other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. This metal layer can be called a ground plane, grounding plate, or grounding layer. In one embodiment, this metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any dielectric substrate in PCB 17. In one embodiment, the grounding metal layer can be located on the side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 near the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be considered as the edge of its ground plane. In one embodiment, the metal frame 19 can also be used for grounding the aforementioned components. The electronic device 10 may also have other ground planes / grounding layers, as previously described, and will not be repeated here.

[0129] The electronic device 10 may also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this embodiment does not limit this. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a motherboard and a daughterboard, and the battery may be disposed between the motherboard and the daughterboard. The motherboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0130] The electronic device 10 may also include a bezel 11, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The bezel 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The bezel 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help secure the display module 15. In one implementation, the bezel 11 made of metal can be directly used as the metal bezel of the electronic device 10, forming a metal bezel appearance suitable for industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the bezel 11 may also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic bezel, forming a non-metallic bezel appearance suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0131] The middle frame 19 may include the frame 11. The middle frame 19, including the frame 11, is a single unit that supports the electronic components in the device. The cover plate 13 and the rear cover 21 respectively cover the upper and lower edges of the frame to form the housing of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, and / or the middle frame 19 may be collectively referred to as the housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "housing" may refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19, or to any combination of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19.

[0132] The border 11 on the middle frame 19 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. This portion of the border serving as the radiator can have gaps between it and the rest of the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring a good radiation environment for the antenna radiator. In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 can have an aperture at this portion of the border serving as the radiator to facilitate antenna radiation.

[0133] Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be considered part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the frame 11 may be connected to and integrally formed with the middle frame 19. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include inwardly extending protrusions to connect with the middle frame 19, for example, by means of spring clips, screws, welding, etc. The protrusions of the frame 11 can also be used to receive feed signals, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 acts as a radiator of the antenna to transmit / receive radio frequency signals. A gap 42 may exist between this portion of the frame acting as the radiator and the middle frame 30, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, enabling the antenna to have good signal transmission capabilities.

[0134] The back cover 21 can be made of metal; it can also be made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, or other non-metallic back cover; or it can be made of both conductive and non-conductive materials. In one embodiment, the back cover 21, which includes conductive material, can replace the middle frame 19 and form an integral part with the frame 11, providing support for the electronic components in the whole device.

[0135] In one embodiment, conductive portions in the mid-frame 19 and / or rear cover 21 can serve as a reference ground for the electronic device 10, wherein the frame 11, PCB 17, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the mid-frame.

[0136] The antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be disposed within the frame 11. When the frame 11 of the electronic device 10 is made of a non-conductive material, the antenna radiator can be located within the electronic device 10 and positioned along the frame 11. For example, the antenna radiator can be positioned close to the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the antenna radiator and to be closer to the outside of the electronic device 10, thereby achieving better signal transmission performance. It should be noted that "positioning the antenna radiator close to the frame 11" means that the antenna radiator can be positioned flush against the frame 11 or close to the frame 11, for example, there can be a small gap between the antenna radiator and the frame 11.

[0137] The antenna of electronic device 10 can also be housed inside the casing, such as a bracket antenna, millimeter-wave antenna, etc. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). The clearance of the antenna disposed within the housing can be obtained by a slot / aperture on any of the middle frame, and / or side frame, and / or back cover, and / or display screen, or by a non-conductive gap / aperture formed between any of them. The clearance setting of the antenna can ensure the radiation performance of the antenna. It should be understood that the clearance of the antenna can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive components within the electronic device 10, through which the antenna radiates signals to the external space. In one embodiment, the antenna 40 can be in the form of an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser-direct-structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA), etc. In one embodiment, the antenna can also be a transparent structure embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10, making the antenna a transparent antenna unit embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10.

[0138] Figure 1 The electronic device 10 is shown only schematically, and the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 1 limited.

[0139] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the side where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front, the side where the back cover is located as the back, and the side where the frame is located as the side.

[0140] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, when a user holds (typically vertically and facing the screen) an electronic device, the orientation of the electronic device is considered to have a top, bottom, left side, and right side.

[0141] This application provides an electronic device that may include multiple antenna elements. The multiple antenna elements are arranged in different ways to achieve high isolation in the case of small spacing, so as to meet the needs of MIMO system.

[0142] Figure 2 and Figure 3 The two antenna modes involved in this application are introduced. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the embodiments described, a dipole antenna is used as an illustration. It should be understood that this application does not limit the description of the antenna mode by a specific antenna form and / or antenna shape. Figure 2 The embodiment shown is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the half wavelength mode (HWM, also known as half-wavelength mode or half-mode) of the dipole antenna. Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the one wavelength mode (OWM) of a dipole antenna. In other embodiments of this application, the half-wavelength mode and the one wavelength mode can be applied to other antenna types, not only for wire antennas but also for patch antennas. Specific antenna types include, for example, planar inverted-L antennas (PILA), planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA), inverted-F antennas (IFA), inverted-L antennas (ILA), monopole antennas, etc. Furthermore, in other embodiments of this application, the radiator of the antenna can be of any shape / form (e.g., straight, bent, linear, sheet-like, split, integrally formed, etc.) without affecting the antenna's operating mode.

[0143] 1. Half-wavelength mode:

[0144] like Figure 2 As shown, the dipole antenna 101 exhibits a high-frequency dynamic range (HWM), characterized by the current flowing in the same direction along the antenna radiator and having a single point of high current intensity. For example, the current amplitude is greatest in the middle of the antenna radiator and smallest at both ends.

[0145] 2. One-wavelength mode:

[0146] like Figure 3As shown, the dipole antenna 101 exhibits an OWM mode, characterized by currents in opposite directions on both sides of the antenna radiator (e.g., on both sides of the center of the radiator), and having two current strength points and three current zero points. For example, the current amplitude is minimum at both ends and the middle of the radiator, and maximum at the midpoint between the two ends and the center of the radiator, respectively.

[0147] The reference to "same / opposite current directions" in the embodiments of this application should be understood as the main currents on the radiator being in the same / opposite direction. For example, the currents as a whole are in the same / opposite direction. When a unidirectional distributed current is excited on a ring-shaped radiator (e.g., the current path is also ring-shaped), it should be understood that although the main currents excited on the conductors on both sides of the ring conductor (e.g., the conductors surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) are opposite in direction, they still fall under the definition of unidirectional distributed current in this application.

[0148] According to the electromagnetic induction theorem, the current strength points mentioned in the embodiments of this application can correspond to electric field zero points, and the current zero point can correspond to electric field strength points. Strong point and zero point are relative concepts, as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are not strictly maximum or minimum, nor do they indicate only a single point, but rather a region. For example, a region with amplitudes far exceeding the average value can be a strong point, and a region with amplitudes far below the average value can be a zero point; the maximum / minimum amplitude should be understood accordingly. Those skilled in the art will understand that, typically, a grounded terminal corresponds to a current strength point (or, electric field zero point); typically, an open terminal corresponds to an electric field strength point (or, current zero point); typically, a current reversal region corresponds to a current zero point (or, electric field strength point); and typically, a current reversal region corresponds to an electric field zero point (or, current strength point).

[0149] It should be understood that the current distribution diagrams shown in each embodiment of this application only illustrate the approximate current direction of the antenna structure at a certain moment when an electrical signal is fed into the radiator. The schematic current distribution is a simplified diagram of the current distribution (e.g., current with an amplitude exceeding 50%) for ease of understanding. For example, the current distribution on the floor is simplified to the current distribution in a portion of the area near the radiator, and only its general direction is shown. It should be noted that the current distribution arrows are only for illustrating the current direction and do not indicate that the current flow area is limited to the area indicated by the arrow.

[0150] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution after the antenna radiator is bent, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0151] Will Figure 2 and Figure 3 The dipole antenna shown is bent inwards at both ends, forming a shape like... Figure 4 and Figure 5The shape remains unchanged, with HWM and OWM still present. At this time, the current generated by the dipole antenna 101 in HWM is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the current is distributed in the same direction around the central gap, while the current generated by the dipole antenna 101 at OWM is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the current is distributed in opposite directions around the central gap, and the characteristics of the current amplitude are similar to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The same or similar as shown.

[0152] Figure 6 and Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of a dipole antenna with an added ground plane after bending, according to an embodiment of this application. In one embodiment, the antenna radiator and the ground plane can be coplanar (e.g., the radiator is disposed outside one side of the ground plane).

[0153] In such Figure 4 and Figure 5 Based on the bent dipole antenna shown, a ground plane 102 electrically connected to the dipole antenna is added, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the ground plane 102 can be a PCB, mid-frame, or other metal layer of the electronic device. In this case, the dipole antenna consists of antenna element 103 and part of the ground plane 102, while the HWM and OWM remain. The current generated by the dipole antenna in the HWM is as follows... Figure 6 As shown, the current is distributed in the same direction around the central slot 104, while the current generated by the dipole antenna at OWM is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the current is distributed in opposite directions around the central gap, and the characteristics of the current amplitude are the same as or similar to those described above. At this time, the ground plane 102 carries part of the mode current of the dipole antenna, that is, the ground plane 102 plays the role of carrying the mode current between the two antenna elements at the ends of the two bent antenna elements (the connection point with the ground plane 102).

[0154] In one embodiment, the antenna radiator and the floor can be stacked (e.g., the radiator is disposed on one side of the floor). Figure 8 and Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the dipole antenna after it is bent and the ground plane stacked with the antenna element provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0155] In such Figure 4 and Figure 5 Based on the bent dipole antenna shown, a ground plane 107 is added and connected to the antenna. After connection, the antenna element 108 is placed above the ground plane 107, which can be regarded as two antenna elements placed on the ground plane. Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown. The ground plane 107 can be the PCB, mid-frame, or other metal layer of the electronic device. In this case, the two modes of the antenna element, HWM and OWM, still exist. The current generated by the dipole antenna in HWM is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the current is distributed in the same direction around the central gap, while the current generated by the dipole antenna at OWM is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the current is distributed in opposite directions around the central gap, and the characteristics of the current amplitude are the same as those described in the figure above. At this time, the ground plane 107 carries part of the mode current of the antenna. The ground plane 107 plays the role of carrying the mode current between the two antenna elements at the ends of the two bent antenna elements (the connection point with the ground plane 107).

[0156] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a set of antenna structures provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0157] like Figure 10 As shown in (a) and (b), the antenna structure includes two radiators 110 juxtoposed (or placed side-by-side) or arranged in parallel. Juxtoposed or arranged in parallel can be understood as the two radiators 110 being positioned relatively close (e.g., the distance between the radiators is less than 5 mm), and each radiator extending in a generally consistent direction (e.g., specifically from its ground end to its open end) (e.g., the angle between the extension directions is in the range of 0 to 10°, or 170 to 180°), and a large portion of one radiator can be projected onto the other radiator (or, in other words, the two radiators 110 substantially overlap in the extension direction perpendicular to the radiators). Here, "substantively projected onto the other radiator" or "substantially overlap" can refer to the projection or overlap of the radiators in the extension direction, and does not necessarily have to be the projection or overlap of the radiators as a whole. For example, both the first and second radiators extend in the X direction. The first radiator may be sheet-like in the XY plane, and the second radiator may be sheet-like in the XZ plane (where the XY and XZ planes are perpendicular). However, the portions of the two radiators extending in the X direction can be considered to largely overlap, or the projection of the first radiator onto the second radiator can be considered to be that most of (e.g., more than 80% of its length in the extension direction) is projected onto the second radiator. It should be understood that "A is projected onto B," or "A's projection onto B," means that A, in its extension direction perpendicular to B, is projected onto B.

[0158] In one embodiment, the projections of two radiators arranged side-by-side or in parallel on the floor are arranged side-by-side or in parallel. In another embodiment, the projections of the two radiators arranged side-by-side or in parallel on the floor can be parallel and not collinear; specifically, the two radiators 110 are parallel in the length direction and overlap at least partially in the left and right directions in the length direction. One end of each radiator 110 is connected to the floor 120; for example, the black dot in the figure indicates the grounding point of the radiator.

[0159] like Figure 10 The radiators shown in (a) and (b) are arranged in parallel, the difference being that the grounding terminals of the two radiators 110 are close to each other and located on the same side, as shown in the figure. Figure 10 As shown in (a), or, the grounding terminals of the two radiators 110 are far apart and located on opposite sides, as shown in Figure (a). Figure 10 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0160] Figure 10 The illustrated embodiment firstly, without considering power supply, sets up two parallel, non-collinear radiators 110 that overlap horizontally in the parallel direction. The two radiators are respectively connected to the same floor 120, and the two radiators 110 together with at least a portion of the floor form a [missing information - likely a specific structure or feature]. Figure 10 The antenna structure within. It should be understood that... Figure 10 The antenna structure of the illustrated embodiment can be an antenna structure including a single antenna element (e.g., where only one radiator has a feed point) or an antenna structure including two antenna elements (each antenna element includes a feed point) (e.g., where each of the two radiators has a feed point). Figure 10 The positions of the two radiators 110 in the illustrated embodiment can be offset relative to each other. For example, one of the two radiators 110 can be translated, or it can be rotated along the end of the radiator 110.

[0161] In order to analyze the patterns in the embodiments of this application, it is assumed that... Figure 10 The current distribution of the antenna structure shown in (a) under HWM is as follows: Figure 11 As shown in (a), the current distribution under OWM is assumed to be as follows: Figure 11 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0162] like Figure 11As shown in (a), opposing mode currents (which can be understood as the current corresponding to the operating mode when the antenna element resonates) can be generated on the two radiators 110, and a mode current can be generated on the floor 120 between the two radiators 110. The area between the two radiators 110 can be understood as the connection point (location) between the radiators 110 and the floor. Simultaneously, the mode current on the radiators will induce an induced current on the floor 120 (which can be understood as the current generated by the coupling of the mode current on the radiators onto the floor). According to the electromagnetic induction theorem, the mode current and the corresponding induced current are opposite in direction. When the two grounding terminals are on the same side, the mode current on the floor 120 can be perpendicular to the mode current on the radiators of the antenna element, while the induced current on the floor 120 can be parallel to and opposite to the mode current on the radiators. Therefore, the mode current and the induced current on the floor 120 are also orthogonal. For the mode current between the two locations on the floor 120, since the mode current and the induced current on the floor are orthogonal, it does not have a component in the same direction as the induced current. In one embodiment, the dashed area on the floor 120 represents a region of high current intensity for the mode current (including high current points within this region), but for the induced current, it represents a region of zero current (including zero current points within this region). The induced current on the floor 120 cannot support the generation of the mode current on the floor 120, indicating that the mode does not meet the boundary conditions. Therefore, in Figure 10 The antenna structure shown in (a) does not contain HWM.

[0163] It should be understood that, for boundary conditions, if there are components in the same direction between the induced current generated by the antenna element and the mode current, then the boundary conditions are met.

[0164] Similarly, such as Figure 11As shown in (b), mode currents in the same direction can be generated on the two radiators 110, and mode currents can be generated on the floor 120 between the two radiators 110. The mode current on the radiators will induce an induced current on the floor 120. According to the electromagnetic induction theorem, the mode current and the corresponding induced current are opposite in direction. When the two grounding terminals are on the same side, the mode current on the floor 120 can be perpendicular to the mode current on the radiators of the antenna element, while the induced current on the floor 120 can be parallel to and opposite to the mode current on the radiators. Therefore, the mode current and the induced current on the floor 120 are also orthogonal. For the mode current between the two locations on the floor 120, since the floor mode current and the induced current are orthogonal, it does not have a component in the same direction as the induced current. In one embodiment, the dashed area on the floor 120 is the zero-current region of the mode current, but for the induced current, it is the strong current region. The induced current on the floor 120 cannot support the generation of the mode current on the floor, indicating that the mode does not meet the boundary conditions. Figure 10 The antenna structure shown in (a) does not have OWM.

[0165] To further analyze the patterns in the embodiments of this application, it is assumed that... Figure 10 The current distribution of the antenna structure shown in (b) under HWM is as follows: Figure 12 As shown in (a), the current distribution under OWM is assumed to be as follows: Figure 12 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0166] like Figure 12 As shown in (a), mode currents in the same direction can be generated on the two radiators 110, and a mode current can be generated on the floor 120 between the two radiators 110. The mode current on the radiators will induce a current on the floor 120. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, the mode current and the corresponding induced current are opposite in direction. For the mode current between the two locations on the floor 120, it has a component in the same direction as the induced current, and the two can be superimposed. In one embodiment, the dashed area on the floor 120 is the area of ​​strong current of the mode current and the induced current, indicating that the mode meets the boundary conditions and can exist. Figure 10 The antenna structure shown in (b) contains an HWM.

[0167] Similarly, such as Figure 12As shown in (b), opposing mode currents 122 can be generated on the two radiators 110, and a mode current can be generated on the floor 120 between the two radiators 110. The mode current on the radiators will induce a current on the floor 120. According to the electromagnetic induction theorem, the mode current and the corresponding induced current are opposite in direction. For the mode current between the two locations on the floor 120, it has a component in the same direction as the induced current, and the two can be superimposed. In one embodiment, the dashed area on the floor 120 is the zero-current region of the mode current and the induced current, indicating that the mode meets the boundary conditions and can exist. Figure 10 The antenna structure shown in (b) contains OWM.

[0168] It should be understood that, in the above Figure 10 (b) and Figure 11 In the antenna structure shown, since the two radiators 110 may not have HWM and OWM, the spatial / physical distance between the radiators 110 has a significant impact on their isolation. This antenna structure can be called a weakly coupled antenna structure. Figure 10 (a) and Figure 12 In the antenna structure shown, since the two radiators 110 can have both high-frequency (HWM) and low-frequency (OWM), the spatial / physical distance between the radiators 110 has a relatively small impact on their isolation. This antenna structure can be called a strongly coupled antenna structure. The following sections elaborate on some characteristics of weakly coupled and strongly coupled antenna structures.

[0169] Figures 13 to 16 This application provides an embodiment of an antenna structure and its simulation results. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 14 yes Figure 13 The simulation results of antenna element 111 in the antenna structure shown are as follows. Figure 15 yes Figure 13 Simulation results of the isolation between antenna elements in the antenna structure shown. Figure 16 yes Figure 13 The diagram shows the current distribution when an electrical signal is fed into antenna element 111 in the antenna structure shown.

[0170] like Figure 13As shown, the antenna structure may include antenna element 111 and antenna element 112, with the grounding terminals of antenna element 111 and antenna element 112 located on the same side. "Same side" can be understood as the grounding terminals being located on the left or right side of the radiator, or both on the top or bottom side. In one embodiment, two radiators placed side-by-side have grounding terminals located on the same side, with their grounding terminals close to each other. "Close to each other" can be understood as the distance between the grounding terminals of antenna element 111 and antenna element 112 being greater than the distance between any grounding terminal and any open end of antenna element 111 and antenna element 112.

[0171] In embodiments of this application, both the first radiator and the second radiator (or, the first parasitic branch) extend in a first direction. The first end of the first radiator is a grounded end, and the second end is an open end. The first end of the second radiator is also an open end, and the second end is a grounded end. Alternatively, if the first end of the first radiator and the second end of the second radiator are grounded on opposite sides, it can be understood that the first end of the first radiator is on the first side of the first direction, and the second end of the first radiator is on the second side of the first direction, and vice versa. Conversely, if the first end of the first radiator and the second end of the second radiator are grounded on the same side, it can be understood that the first end of the first radiator is on the first side of the first direction, and the second end of the first radiator is on the second side of the first direction, and vice versa.

[0172] In one embodiment, the grounding terminal being located on the same side can be understood as being located on the same side of the virtual axis of the radiator, with the virtual axis being the same distance from the open end and the grounding terminal of the radiator.

[0173] and Figure 10 Compared to the antenna structure shown in (a) above, Figure 13 The illustrated embodiment includes a diagram of the power supply. In one embodiment, a power supply point can be added to the grounding side of the antenna element for feeding an electrical signal through the power supply unit at that location. In other embodiments, the power supply location can be adjusted according to actual design needs; for example, the power supply point can be located at the center of the radiator, or between the center of the radiator and the grounding end. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0174] like Figure 14 As shown, when an electrical signal is fed into the antenna element 111, a resonance can be generated. As the distance D1 between the center of the antenna element 111 (which can be understood as the geometric center of the radiator) and the center of the antenna element 112 increases (for example, D1 gradually increases from 5 mm to 20 mm), the resonance changes slightly.

[0175] like Figure 15 As shown, as the distance D1 between the center of antenna element 111 and the center of antenna element 112 increases, the isolation between antenna element 111 and antenna element 112 becomes better and better.

[0176] Please see Figure 16 For ease of understanding, Figure 16 The relative positions of the antenna structure, the feed position, and the ground position on the radiator are shown, and Figure 13 The antenna structures shown are the same or similar. For example... Figure 16 As shown, when an electrical signal is fed into antenna element 111, the mode current is mainly concentrated on the radiator of antenna element 111. The current on the radiator of antenna element 112 is an induced current, generated by the spatial coupling between the radiators of antenna element 111 and antenna element 112, rather than by mode current excitation on the floor. When the distance D1 between the center of antenna element 111 and the center of antenna element 112 decreases (e.g., D1 gradually decreases from 20 mm to 5 mm), the induced current generated by the coupling of the radiator of antenna element 112 increases, and the isolation between antenna element 111 and antenna element 112 deteriorates accordingly. When the distance D1 between the center of antenna element 111 and the center of antenna element 112 increases, the induced current generated by the coupling of the radiator of antenna element 112 decreases, and the isolation between antenna element 111 and antenna element 112 improves accordingly.

[0177] Therefore, for Figure 13 In the antenna structure shown (with grounding terminals on the same side), the isolation between antenna elements is primarily determined by the spatial / physical distance between the two antenna elements. Since the coupling between the two antenna elements is negatively correlated with the distance between them, this type of antenna structure can be considered a weakly coupled antenna structure.

[0178] Figures 17 to 20 This application provides an embodiment of an antenna structure and its simulation results. Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 18 yes Figure 17 The simulation results of antenna element 113 in the antenna structure shown are based on S11. Figure 19 yes Figure 17 Simulation results of the isolation between antenna elements in the antenna structure shown. Figure 20 yes Figure 17 The diagram shows the current distribution when an electrical signal is fed into antenna element 113 in the antenna structure shown.

[0179] like Figure 17As shown, the antenna structure may include antenna element 113 and antenna element 114, with the grounding terminals of antenna element 113 and antenna element 114 located on opposite sides. "Opposite sides" can be understood as the grounding terminals being positioned on the left and right sides of the radiator, or one on the top and one on the bottom. In one embodiment, the two juxtaposed radiators have grounding terminals located on opposite sides, with their grounding terminals far apart from each other. "Far apart" can be understood as the distance between the grounding terminals of antenna element 113 and antenna element 114 being greater than the distance between any grounding terminal and any open end of antenna element 113 and antenna element 114. In one embodiment, the grounding terminals being located on opposite sides can be understood as being located on different sides of the virtual axis of the radiator, with the virtual axis being equidistant from the open end and grounding terminal of the radiator. Figure 10 Compared to the antenna structure shown in (b) above, Figure 17 The illustrated embodiment includes a diagram of the power supply. In one embodiment, a power supply point can be added to the grounding side of the antenna element for feeding an electrical signal through the power supply unit at that location. In other embodiments, the power supply location can be adjusted according to actual design needs; for example, the power supply point can be located at the center of the radiator, or between the center of the radiator and the grounding end. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0180] like Figure 18 As shown, when an electrical signal is fed into antenna element 113, two resonances can be generated, one called a low-frequency resonance and the other a high-frequency resonance. As the distance D2 between the center of antenna element 113 and the center of antenna element 114 increases (for example, D2 gradually increases from 5 mm to 20 mm), the low-frequency resonance shifts to a higher frequency, and the high-frequency resonance shifts to a lower frequency, and the frequency difference between the two resonances decreases.

[0181] like Figure 19 As shown, the isolation between antenna element 113 and antenna element 114 does not change with the distance D2 between the center of antenna element 113 and the center of antenna element 114.

[0182] Please see Figure 20 For ease of understanding, Figure 20 The relative positions of the antenna structure, the feed position, and the ground position on the radiator are shown, and Figure 17 The antenna structures shown are the same or similar. For example... Figure 20 As shown, when the antenna element 113 is fed with an electrical signal, it can include a first mode and a second mode. The first mode can be... Figure 12 The HWM shown in (a) can have the second mode as follows: Figure 12 OWM is shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0183] like Figure 20As shown in (a) and (b), in the first mode, the mode current flows from the open end (ungrounded end) of antenna element 114 to the ground end, through the ground plane to the ground end of antenna element 113, and then back to the open end of antenna element 113. The current direction remains unchanged in this mode current distribution. When an electrical signal is fed into antenna element 113, the mode current on antenna element 114 is not positively or negatively correlated with the spacing D2 between antenna elements.

[0184] Similarly, such as Figure 20 As shown in (c) and (d), in the second mode, the mode current flows from the open end (ungrounded end) of antenna element 113 to the ground end, through the ground plane to the ground end of antenna element 114, and then back to the open end of antenna element 114. In this mode current distribution, a reverse flow occurs at the ground plane. When an electrical signal is fed into antenna element 113, the mode current on antenna element 114 is not positively or negatively correlated with the spacing D2 between antenna elements.

[0185] Therefore, for Figure 17 In the antenna structure shown (with the grounding terminals on opposite sides), the spatial / physical distance between the two antenna elements has a relatively small impact on the isolation. Since the coupling between the two antenna elements in this structure is only slightly correlated with the distance between them, showing neither a positive nor a negative correlation, this type of antenna structure can be considered a strongly coupled antenna structure.

[0186] Figures 21 to 24 This application provides the antenna structure and its simulation results. Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in this application. Figure 22 yes Figure 21 The diagram shows the S-parameters of the antenna structure. Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution when an electrical signal is fed into the first antenna element in the antenna structure. Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution when an electrical signal is fed into the second antenna element in the antenna structure.

[0187] and Figure 17 Compared to the antenna structure shown, Figure 21 The embodiment shown provides a resonant connector (also called a resonant line / tuning line) between two antenna elements, and places electronic components within the slots created in the resonant connector.

[0188] The equivalent inductance value of the electronic component is related to the resonant frequency generated by the high-frequency (HWM) antenna element. For example, a smaller equivalent inductance value of the electronic component results in a higher resonant frequency generated by the HWM antenna element, and vice versa. In one embodiment, by changing the equivalent inductance value of the electronic component, the equivalent inductance value of the resonant connector can be different, causing a shift in the resonant frequency generated by the HWM antenna element. For example, when adjusting the electronic component to reduce the equivalent inductance value of the resonant connector, the resonant frequency generated by the HWM antenna element will shift to a higher frequency, while the resonant frequency generated by the low-frequency (OWM) antenna element will remain essentially unchanged. In one embodiment, when the resonant frequency generated by the HWM is high enough to match the resonant frequency generated by the OWM antenna element, the resonances generated by the two modes merge, for example, the two resonances combine into one (S11 or S22). Figure 22 As shown.

[0189] It should be understood that when the resonant connector has no gaps (no electronic components are electrically connected), the equivalent inductance value of the resonant connector can be set accordingly by setting the length, width, and thickness of the resonant connector, so that the resonant frequency generated by the HWM of the antenna element is at the target frequency / band.

[0190] When two antenna elements are simultaneously fed electrical signals, the isolation (S12 or S21) between the two antenna elements is below -20dB, such as Figure 22 As shown.

[0191] Please see Figure 23 For ease of understanding, Figure 23 The relative positions of the antenna structure, the feed position, and the ground position on the radiator are shown, and Figure 21 The antenna structures shown are the same or similar. For example... Figure 23 As shown, when an electrical signal is fed into the first antenna element, the mode current is mainly concentrated on the radiator of the first antenna element. In one embodiment, the mode current is generated jointly on the radiator of the first antenna element and on the nearby ground plane. The mode currents generated by the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode on the radiator of the second antenna element cancel each other out, resulting in a weaker current in the second antenna element. In another embodiment, the mode currents generated by the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode cancel each other out on the ground plane near the radiator of the second antenna element, resulting in a weaker current on that side of the ground plane.

[0192] Similarly, such as Figure 24As shown, when an electrical signal is fed into the second antenna unit, the mode current is mainly concentrated on the radiator of the second antenna unit. In one embodiment, the mode current is generated jointly by the radiator of the second antenna unit and the ground plane near it. The mode currents generated by the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode on the radiator of the first antenna unit cancel each other out, resulting in a weaker current in the first antenna unit. In another embodiment, the mode currents generated by the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode cancel each other out on the ground plane near the radiator of the first antenna unit, resulting in a weaker current on that side of the ground plane.

[0193] Therefore, there is good isolation between the first antenna element and the second antenna element. Furthermore, as the foregoing analysis shows, the isolation between the connected first and second antenna elements is not significantly related to the physical distance between the two radiators; for example, it does not exhibit a positive or negative correlation.

[0194] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0195] like Figure 25 As shown, the electronic device 200 may include a first antenna unit 210, a second antenna unit 220, a ground plane 230, a resonant connector 240, and a first electronic component 241.

[0196] The first antenna element 210 may include a first radiator 211 and a first feed element 212. The first radiator 211 includes a first feed point 213, and the first feed element 212 is coupled to the first radiator 211 through the first feed point 213 (e.g., spaced coupling or electrical connection).

[0197] The second antenna unit 220 may include a second radiator 221 and a second feed unit 222. The second radiator 221 includes a second feed point 223, and the second feed unit 222 is coupled to the second radiator 221 through the second feed point 223 (e.g., spaced coupling or electrical connection). The first feed unit 212 is different from the second feed unit 222. In one embodiment, the first feed unit 212 and the second feed unit 222 are different, which can be understood as the electrical signals generated by the first feed unit 212 and the second feed unit 222 being different and not generated by the same feed source through the feed network. For example, the first feed unit 212 and the second feed unit 222 may be different RF channels of the same power chip.

[0198] It should be understood that the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are all described using electrical connection (direct coupling) as an example. In actual design or production, indirect coupling can also be used to achieve the same technical effect, and this application does not limit this. In the embodiment where the first feed unit 212 is indirectly coupled to the first radiator 211 through the first feed point 213, the first feed point 213 can be understood as the area on the first radiator 211 that is face-to-face with the feed structure. The "indirect coupling" in the embodiments of this application should be understood in the same or similar way.

[0199] It should be understood that the difference between the first feed unit 212 and the second feed unit 222 can be interpreted as different radio frequency channels in the radio frequency chip. The frequencies of the first electrical signal fed into the first feed unit 212 and the second electrical signal fed into the second feed unit 222 can be the same or different. In one embodiment, the frequencies of the first electrical signal fed into the first feed unit 212 and the second electrical signal fed into the second feed unit 222 are the same, and the first antenna unit 210 and the second antenna unit 220 can serve as sub-units in a MIMO system, both operating in the first frequency band, simultaneously receiving or transmitting electrical signals in the first frequency band; or, the first antenna unit 210 can serve as a transmitting unit, and the second antenna unit 220 as a receiving unit. In another embodiment, the frequencies of the first electrical signal fed into the first feed unit 212 and the second electrical signal fed into the second feed unit 222 are different, and the first antenna unit 210 and the second antenna unit 220 can serve as two independent antenna units, transmitting or receiving electrical signals in different frequency bands.

[0200] The first end of the resonant connector 240 is electrically connected to the first radiator 211, and the second end is electrically connected to the second radiator 221.

[0201] In one embodiment, the resonant connector 240 may be disposed between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221. It should be understood that the resonant connector 240 may be coplanar with the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221. In one embodiment, the first radiator 211, the second radiator 221, and the resonant connector 240 are disposed on the same support. Alternatively, the resonant connector 240 may be disposed on a PCB. In one embodiment, both ends of the resonant connector 240 may be electrically connected to the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 via spring contacts. It should be understood that the resonant connector 240 may be made of the same or different material as the radiators, and may be integrally formed or separate. In one embodiment, the width / thickness of the resonant connector 240 is smaller than that of the radiators. In one embodiment, the resonant connector 240 is linear relative to the radiators; for example, the length of the resonant connector 240 is greater than five times its width.

[0202] The first end of the first electronic component 241 is electrically connected to the resonant connector 240, and the second end is grounded (grounding can be understood as being coupled to the ground plane 230 at this location, which can also be understood accordingly in the following embodiments). For example, grounding is achieved by being electrically connected to the ground plane 230, or by being coupled to the ground plane 230 through a grounding device.

[0203] The first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 is grounded, and the second end 2212 of the second radiator 221 is grounded. The first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are placed side by side, and the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 and the second end 2212 of the second radiator 221 are grounding terminals set on opposite sides.

[0204] In one embodiment, the projection of the first radiator 211 onto the plane of the floor 230 is called the first projection, and the projection of the second radiator 221 onto the plane of the floor 230 is called the second projection. The first projection and the second projection extend (e.g., are parallel) in a first direction (e.g., the y-direction) and at least partially overlap in a second direction (e.g., the x-direction), which is perpendicular to the first direction. In one embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are arranged parallel and not collinear. In another embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are arranged coplanarly.

[0205] It should be understood that the direction from the ground end to the open end of the first radiator 211 is a third direction, and the direction from the ground end to the open end of the second radiator 221 is a fourth direction. The parallelism of the first projection and the second projection in the first direction (e.g., the y-direction) can be understood as the parallelism of the third direction and the fourth direction. In the following embodiments, the parallelism between projections, and the perpendicularity between projections, can also be immediately interpreted as the parallelism or perpendicularity between the directions from the ground end to the open end of the corresponding radiators.

[0206] In one embodiment, the distance between the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 and the second end 2212 of the second radiator 221 is greater than the distance between the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 and the first end 2211 of the second radiator 221, and the grounding terminals of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are grounding terminals located on opposite sides. In another embodiment, the grounding terminals of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are far apart from each other.

[0207] It should be understood that the radiators of the first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220 are arranged in parallel, and the grounding terminal (first end) of the first antenna element 210 and the grounding terminal (second end) of the second antenna element 220 are located on opposite sides. The first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220 are strongly coupled antenna structures.

[0208] In one embodiment, the resonant frequency generated by the OWM is related to the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component 241. In another embodiment, the resonant frequency generated by the HWM is substantially independent of the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component 241.

[0209] It should be understood that the frequency-component "correlation" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be interpreted as the magnitude of the equivalent value of the component (e.g., equivalent capacitance or equivalent inductance) affecting the resonant frequency, and / or the presence or absence of the component affecting the resonant frequency. In other words, by selecting appropriate components, the desired resonant frequency can be obtained, or the presence or absence of the component can result in a resonant frequency covering a completely different frequency range before and after the change, which is called "correlation".

[0210] It should be understood that the phrase "fundamentally independent" of frequency and component, as mentioned in the embodiments of this application, can be interpreted as the magnitude of the equivalent value of the component (e.g., equivalent capacitance or equivalent inductance) having virtually no effect on the resonant frequency generated by the OWM, and / or the presence or absence of the component having virtually no effect on the resonant frequency generated by the OWM. "Fundamentally independent" can be understood as the resonant frequency covering at least a portion of the same frequency range before and after the change.

[0211] The equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component 241 is related to the resonant frequency generated by the OWM of the antenna element. For example, when the equivalent capacitance value of the electronic component is large, the resonant frequency generated by the OWM of the antenna element is low, and vice versa. In one embodiment, by changing the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component 241, the resonant frequency generated by the OWM of the antenna element will shift. For example, when the first electronic component 241 is adjusted to increase its equivalent capacitance value, the resonant frequency generated by the OWM of the antenna element will shift to a lower frequency, while the resonant frequency generated by the HWM will remain essentially unchanged. When the resonant frequency generated by the HWM is high enough to be the same as the resonant frequency generated by the OWM, the resonances generated by the two modes merge, for example, the two resonances become one.

[0212] By using the resonant connector 240 disposed between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221, and the first electronic component 241 disposed between the resonant connector 240 and the ground plane 230, the frequencies of the resonances generated by the first resonant mode (e.g., HWM) and the second resonant mode (e.g., OWM) of the first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220 can be adjusted respectively. This makes the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonant modes synchronized, and utilizes the mode currents of the first and second resonant modes to cancel each other out, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220. It should be understood that the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 can be used to jointly generate the first resonance and jointly generate the second resonance.

[0213] When an electrical signal is fed into the first antenna element 210, the current distribution corresponding to the first resonant mode is approximately as follows: Figure 12 As shown in (a) above, the current distribution corresponding to the second resonant mode is approximately as follows: Figure 12 As shown in (b) of the diagram. In the first and second resonant modes, the mode currents on the ground plane of the first radiator 211 and the first antenna element 210 are in the same direction, while the mode currents on the ground plane of the second radiator 221 and the second antenna element 220 are in opposite directions. When the resonant frequency band generated by the first and second resonant modes are the same, the mode currents generated by the first and second resonant modes on the ground plane of the second radiator 221 and the second antenna element 220 cancel each other out. When the first antenna element 210 is fed with an electrical signal, the mode current is mainly concentrated on the ground plane of the first antenna element 210 and the first radiator 211. Similarly, when the second antenna element 220 is fed with an electrical signal, the mode current is mainly concentrated on the ground plane of the second antenna element 220 and the second radiator 221.

[0214] Therefore, the first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220 can have good isolation. When the operating frequency bands of the first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220 are the same, the first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220 can be applied to a MIMO system.

[0215] In one embodiment, the electronic device 200 may further include a second electronic component 242. The resonant connector 240 may include a slot 243, and the second electronic component 242 may be disposed within the slot 243. In one embodiment, the second electronic component 242 is connected in series with the resonant connector 240 through the slot 243. In one embodiment, both ends of the second electronic component 242 are electrically connected to the resonant connector 240 on both sides of the slot.

[0216] In one embodiment, the resonant frequency generated by the first resonant mode (e.g., HWM) is related to the equivalent inductance value of the second electronic component 242. In another embodiment, the resonant frequency generated by the second resonant mode (e.g., OWM) is substantially independent of the equivalent inductance value of the second electronic component 242.

[0217] In one embodiment, the first electronic component 241 may be a capacitor or an inductor.

[0218] In one embodiment, the second electronic component 242 may be a capacitor or an inductor.

[0219] It should be understood that the resonant connector 240 can be equivalent to an inductor, and the inductance value of its equivalent inductance is related to the length, width, and thickness of the resonant connector 240. The equivalent inductance value of the resonant connector 240 is also related to the second electronic component 242; in other words, the resonant frequency corresponding to the first resonant mode is related to the length, width, and thickness of the resonant connector 240, as well as the second electronic component 242. For example, when the second electronic component 242 is a capacitor (the inductance value of the equivalent inductance of the resonant connector decreases), the resonant frequency corresponding to the first resonant mode is higher; when the second electronic component 241 is an inductor (the inductance value of the equivalent inductance of the resonant connector increases), the resonant frequency corresponding to the first resonant mode is lower.

[0220] The first electronic component 241 between the floor 230 and the resonant connector 240 is related to the second resonant mode (e.g., OWM) of the antenna element. For example, when the first electronic component 241 is a capacitor, the resonant frequency corresponding to the second resonant mode is lower, and when the first electronic component 241 is an inductor, the resonant frequency corresponding to the second resonant mode is higher.

[0221] In one embodiment, the first end of the resonant connector 240 is located between the first end of the first radiator 211 and the midpoint of the first radiator 211. The midpoint can be the geometric center of the first radiator 211, and the distance between the midpoint and the first end and the second end of the first radiator 211 is the same. The midpoint mentioned below can also be understood accordingly.

[0222] In one embodiment, the second end of the resonant connector 240 is located between the second end of the second radiator 221 and the midpoint of the second radiator 221.

[0223] In one embodiment, the electrical length of the first radiator 211 can be one-quarter of the first wavelength, which can be the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first antenna element 210, for example, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant point or resonant frequency band.

[0224] In one embodiment, the electrical length of the second radiator 221 can be one-quarter of the second wavelength, which can be the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the second antenna unit 220.

[0225] In one embodiment, the electrical length E1 of the first radiator 211 and the electrical length E2 of the second radiator 221 satisfy: E1×80%≤E2≤E1×120%.

[0226] It should be understood that the electrical lengths of the radiators of the first antenna unit 210 and the second antenna unit 220 should be approximately the same, so that the operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit 210 and the second antenna unit 220 are the same, and the first antenna unit 210 and the second antenna unit 220 can be used as sub-units in a MIMO system.

[0227] It should be understood that the physical length and electrical length of a radiator are related. In one embodiment, the physical length L1 of the first radiator 211 and the physical length L2 of the second radiator 221 satisfy: L1×80%≤L2≤L1×120%.

[0228] In one embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are juxtaposed. In one embodiment, the projections of the first radiator 211 onto the floor (first projection) and the projections of the second radiator 221 onto the floor (second projection) may at least partially overlap along a second direction (e.g., the x-direction). Figure 26 As shown, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are arranged parallel but not collinear and only partially overlap along the second direction. For example, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are misaligned in the first direction (e.g., the y-direction). In one embodiment, the length L3 of the overlapping portion of the projection of the first radiator 211 on the floor (first projection) and the projection of the second radiator 221 on the floor (second projection) in the second direction satisfies the following condition: L4 × 80% ≤ L3.

[0229] In the embodiments of this application, since the radiator is not necessarily a regular shape, the length of the projection of the radiator on the floor can be understood as the length of the ground end and the open end of the radiator in the extension direction of the radiator.

[0230] It should be understood that as the overlap between the first and second projections along the second direction increases, the radiation performance improves. The performance is optimal when the first and second projections are completely overlapped along the second direction. It should also be understood that as the overlap between the first and second projections along the second direction increases, the space occupied by the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 decreases, resulting in a more compact structure.

[0231] In one embodiment, the first feed unit 212 of the first antenna unit 210 may be electrically connected to the first radiator 211 on the side near the ground terminal of the first radiator 211. The first radiator 211 may be a linear radiator (e.g., with a length three times or more than its width), and the first antenna unit 210 may be an inverted F-type antenna (IFA). Alternatively, the first radiator 211 may be a sheet-like radiator (e.g., with a length less than three times its width), and the first antenna unit 210 may be a planar inverted F-type antenna (PIFA). Or, in one embodiment, the first feed unit 212 of the first antenna unit 210 may be electrically connected to the first radiator 211 on the side near the open end of the first radiator 211. In one embodiment, the second antenna unit 220 may also be any of the above-described antenna types.

[0232] In one embodiment, the distance between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 is less than 5 mm. The first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220 can be compactly arranged inside the electronic device, saving internal space. It should be understood that when the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are sheet-like radiators (e.g., with a length less than three times their width), the distance between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 can be further reduced as the width of the radiator (which can be understood as the length of the radiator in the second direction, or the length in the direction perpendicular to the direction from the ground end of the radiator to the open end) increases. In one embodiment, the distance between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 is less than 2 mm.

[0233] In one embodiment, the first radiator 211 may be a portion of the frame 11 of the electronic device, such as... Figure 27 As shown, this portion of the frame 11 is a conductive frame. In one embodiment, the first radiator 211 may also be a conductor inside the frame 11 of the electronic device (e.g., a liquid crystal polymer (LCP)), and this portion of the frame 11 may be a non-conductive frame. For example, the frame 11 has a first position and a second position, the first position has a gap, the second position is electrically connected to the ground, and the frame between the first position and the second position is the first frame, which can serve as the first radiator 211. In one embodiment, the second radiator 221 may be disposed on the inner side of the frame 11, or on the surface of the support.

[0234] In one embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 may be disposed on the back cover of the electronic device. For example, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 may be part of a conductive back cover, or disposed on the surface or inside a non-conductive back cover.

[0235] In one embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 may be disposed on a bracket within the electronic device, for example, disposed on different bracket bodies respectively, or disposed on the same bracket body in the same plane.

[0236] It should be understood that the embodiments of this application do not limit the layout of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit inside the electronic device, and can be adjusted according to actual production design needs.

[0237] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0238] like Figure 28 As shown, the electronic device 300 may include a first antenna unit 310, a second antenna unit 320, a third antenna unit 330, a ground plane 340, a first resonant connector 351, a second resonant connector 352, a first electronic component 361, and a second electronic component 362.

[0239] The first antenna element 310 may include a first radiator 311 and a first feed element 312. The first radiator 311 includes a first feed point 313, and the first feed element 312 is electrically connected to the first radiator 311 at the first feed point 313.

[0240] The second antenna element 320 may include a second radiator 321 and a second feed element 322. The second radiator 321 includes a second feed point 323, and the second feed element 322 is electrically connected to the second radiator 321 at the second feed point 323.

[0241] The third antenna element 330 may include a third radiator 331 and a third feed element 332, with the second radiator 321 located between the first radiator 311 and the third radiator 331. The third radiator 331 includes a third feed point 333, and the third feed element 332 is electrically connected to the third radiator 331 at the third feed point 333.

[0242] The first feed unit 312, the second feed unit 322, and the third feed unit 332 are different from each other. In one embodiment, the difference between the first feed unit 312, the second feed unit 322, and the third feed unit 332 can be understood as the electrical signals generated by the first feed unit 312, the second feed unit 322, and the third feed unit 332 being different and not generated by the same feed source through the feed network. For example, the first feed unit 312, the second feed unit 322, and the third feed unit 332 can be different RF channels of the same power chip.

[0243] It should be understood that the second radiator 321 being located between the first radiator 311 and the third radiator 331 can be understood as the second radiator 321 being spatially located between the first radiator 311 and the third radiator 331. The second radiator 321 is not necessarily coplanar with the first radiator 311 and the third radiator 331, and can be adjusted according to the actual design.

[0244] The first end of the first resonant connector 351 is electrically connected to the first radiator 311, and the second end is electrically connected to the second radiator 322. The first end of the first electronic component 361 is electrically connected to the first resonant connector 351, and the second end is grounded.

[0245] The first end of the second resonant connector 352 is electrically connected to the second radiator 322, and the second end is electrically connected to the third radiator 332. The first end of the second electronic component 362 is electrically connected to the second resonant connector 352, and the second end is grounded. The positions and implementation of the first resonant connector 351 and the second resonant connector 352 are similar to those in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be described again.

[0246] The first end of the first radiator 311 is grounded, the second end of the second radiator 321 is grounded, and the first end of the third radiator 331 is grounded. The first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 are placed side by side, and the first end of the first radiator 311 and the second end of the second radiator 321 are grounded on opposite sides. The third radiator 331 and the second radiator 321 are placed side by side, and the first end of the third radiator 331 and the second end of the second radiator 321 are grounded on opposite sides.

[0247] In one embodiment, the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 are placed side by side.

[0248] In one embodiment, the projection of the first radiator 311 onto the plane of the floor 340 is the first projection, and the projection of the second radiator 321 onto the plane of the floor 340 is the second projection. The first and second projections are parallel in a first direction (e.g., the y-direction) and at least partially overlap in a second direction (e.g., the x-direction), which is perpendicular to the first direction. In one embodiment, the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 are parallel and not collinear. In another embodiment, the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 are coplanar.

[0249] In one embodiment, the second radiator 321 and the third radiator 331 are placed side by side.

[0250] In one embodiment, the third projection is the projection of the third radiator 331 onto the plane of the floor 340. The second and third projections are parallel in a first direction (e.g., the y-direction) and at least partially overlap in a second direction (e.g., the x-direction). In one embodiment, the second radiator 321 and the third radiator 331 are parallel and not collinear. In one embodiment, the second radiator 321 and the third radiator 331 are coplanar.

[0251] In one embodiment, the grounding terminals of the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 are located on opposite sides. The distance between the first end of the first radiator 311 and the second end of the second radiator 321 is greater than the distance between the first ends of the first radiator 311 and the first ends of the second radiator 321. In another embodiment, the grounding terminals of the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 are far apart from each other.

[0252] In one embodiment, the grounding terminal of the third radiator 331 and the grounding terminal of the second radiator 321 are located on opposite sides. The distance between the first end of the third radiator 331 and the second end of the second radiator 321 is greater than the distance between the first end of the third radiator 331 and the first end of the second radiator 321. In another embodiment, the grounding terminal of the third radiator 331 and the grounding terminal of the second radiator 321 are far apart from each other. The grounding terminal of the third radiator 331 and the grounding terminal of the first radiator 311 are close to each other and located on the same side.

[0253] It should be understood that Figure 28 The antenna structure shown consists of a first antenna element, a second antenna element, and a third antenna element, and is similar to... Figure 25 The difference between the antenna structure shown, which consists of the first antenna element and the second antenna element, lies in the addition of a third antenna element. The technical solution provided in this application can also be applied to antenna structures including three or more antenna elements; the number of antenna elements is not limited and can be set according to actual production or design needs.

[0254] The radiators of the first antenna element 310, the second antenna element 320, and the third antenna element 330 are arranged in parallel. The ground terminal (first terminal) of the first antenna element 310 and the ground terminal (second terminal) of the second antenna element 320 are located on opposite sides, and the first antenna element 310 and the second antenna element 320 are a strongly coupled antenna structure. The ground terminal (second terminal) of the second antenna element 320 and the ground terminal (first terminal) of the third antenna element 330 are located on opposite sides, and the second antenna element 320 and the third antenna element 330 are a strongly coupled antenna structure.

[0255] By using resonant connectors disposed between the radiators of adjacent antenna elements and electronic components connected in parallel between the resonant connectors and the ground plane 240, the frequencies of resonance generated by the first resonant mode (e.g., HWM) and the second resonant mode (e.g., OWM) of the antenna elements can be adjusted respectively. This makes the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonant modes the same, and utilizes the mode currents of the first and second resonant modes to cancel each other out, thereby improving the isolation between adjacent antenna elements.

[0256] Meanwhile, between two separated antenna elements (e.g., the first antenna element 310 and the third antenna element 330), since the grounding terminals (first terminals) of the first antenna element 310 and the third antenna element 330 are located on the same side, a similar structure can be formed between the two antenna elements. Figure 10 The weakly coupled antenna structure is shown in (a). The isolation between antenna elements is mainly determined by the distance between them. Since antenna elements with their grounding terminals on the same side are spaced apart, and antenna elements with their grounding terminals on opposite sides are placed between two antenna elements with their grounding terminals on the same side, sufficient spacing can be maintained between antenna elements with their grounding terminals on the same side to ensure good isolation between them.

[0257] In one embodiment, the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 are linear radiators (e.g., with a length three times or more than the width), and the distance between the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 is less than 5 mm. In one embodiment, the third radiator 331 is a linear radiator (e.g., with a length three times or more than the width), and the distance between the second radiator 321 and the third radiator 331 is less than 5 mm. In one embodiment, the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 are sheet-like radiators (e.g., with a length less than three times the width), and the distance between the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 is less than 2 mm. In another embodiment, the third radiator 331 is a sheet-like radiator (e.g., with a length less than three times the width), and the distance between the second radiator 321 and the third radiator 331 is less than 2 mm. The first antenna unit 310, the second antenna unit 320, and the third antenna unit 330 can be compactly arranged inside the electronic device, saving internal space.

[0258] It should be understood that the distance between the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321, and / or the distance between the second radiator 321 and the third radiator 331, can be understood as the minimum straight-line distance between points on adjacent radiators.

[0259] In one embodiment, the electronic device 300 may further include a third electronic component 363 and a fourth electronic component 364. A gap may be formed between the first resonant connector 351 and the second resonant connector 352. The third electronic component 363 may be disposed within the gap of the first resonant connector 351, connected in series between the first resonant connectors 351 on both sides of the gap, with both ends of the third electronic component 363 electrically connected to the first resonant connectors 351 on both sides of the gap. The fourth electronic component 364 may be disposed within the gap of the second resonant connector 352, connected in series between the second resonant connectors 352 on both sides of the gap, with both ends of the fourth electronic component 364 electrically connected to the second resonant connectors 352 on both sides of the gap.

[0260] It should be understood that in practical applications, the third electronic component 363 and the fourth electronic component 364 may not exist simultaneously and can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs. In one embodiment, the electronic device 300 may include only the third electronic component, or the electronic device 300 may include both the third electronic component 363 and the fourth electronic component 364.

[0261] Similarly, in practical applications, the first electronic component 361 and the second electronic component 362 may not exist simultaneously and can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs. In one embodiment, the electronic device 300 may include only the first electronic component 361, or the electronic device 300 may include both the first electronic component 361 and the second electronic component 362.

[0262] The effects of the resonant connector, the electronic components connected in series with the resonant connector, and the electronic components connected in parallel on the resonant mode are the same as or similar to those in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0263] In one embodiment, the first end of the first resonant connector 351 is located between the first end of the first radiator 311 and the midpoint of the first radiator 311. In another embodiment, the second end of the first resonant connector 351 is located between the second end of the second radiator 321 and the midpoint of the second radiator 321.

[0264] In one embodiment, the first end of the second resonant connector 352 is located between the first end of the third radiator 331 and the midpoint of the third radiator 331. In another embodiment, the second end of the second resonant connector 352 is located between the second end of the second radiator 321 and the midpoint of the second radiator 321.

[0265] The electrical length is the same as or similar to that in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0266] In one embodiment, the physical length L1 of the first radiator 311 and the physical length L2 of the second radiator 321 satisfy: L1×80%≤L2≤L1×120%.

[0267] In one embodiment, the physical length L3 of the third radiator 331 and the physical length L2 of the second radiator 321 satisfy: L3×80%≤L2≤L3×120%.

[0268] It should be understood that the electrical length / physical length of the radiator of the first antenna element 310, the radiator of the second antenna element 320, and the radiator of the third antenna element 330 should be approximately the same, so that the operating frequency bands of the first antenna element 310, the second antenna element 320, and the third antenna element 330 are the same. The first antenna element 310, the second antenna element 320, and the third antenna element 330 can serve as sub-units in a MIMO system.

[0269] In one embodiment, two adjacent radiators may be placed side by side. In one embodiment, two adjacent radiators may be arranged parallel and not collinear. In one embodiment, two adjacent radiators may be arranged coplanarly. In one embodiment, two adjacent radiators may be arranged as follows: Figure 26 The settings shown in the example are not described in detail.

[0270] In one embodiment, the first radiator 311 can be a linear radiator, and the first antenna element 310 can be an IFA (Integrated Flange Amplifier); or, the first radiator 311 can be a sheet radiator, and the first antenna element 310 can be a PIFA (Plate Flange Amplifier). In one embodiment, the second antenna element 320 or the third antenna element 330 can also be any of the above-mentioned antenna types.

[0271] The implementation and location of the radiator within the electronic device are the same as or similar to those in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0272] Figures 29 to 32 yes Figure 28 The simulation results for the antenna element are shown. Among them, Figure 29 yes Figure 28 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given. Figure 30 yes Figure 28 The radiation efficiency of the antenna element and the system efficiency are shown. Figure 31 yes Figure 28 The diagram shows the electric field distribution of the antenna element. Figure 32 yes Figure 28 The radiation pattern of the antenna element shown.

[0273] By using resonant connectors placed between the radiators of adjacent antenna elements and electronic components connected in parallel between the resonant connectors and the ground plane, the frequencies of the resonances generated by the first and second resonant modes of the antenna elements can be adjusted respectively, so that the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonant modes are the same, thus merging the resonant frequency bands generated by the two modes into one. For example... Figure 29 As shown, the first antenna element, the second antenna element, and the third antenna element generate a resonance near 4G (with S11 / S22 / S33 ≤ -5dB as the boundary). Furthermore, the isolation between the first and third antenna elements (separated antenna elements) is less than -15dB. The isolation between the first and second antenna elements, and between the second and third antenna elements (adjacent antenna elements), is less than -20dB.

[0274] like Figure 30 As shown, the efficiency (system efficiency and radiation efficiency) of the first antenna element, the second antenna element, and the third antenna element can all meet the communication requirements in the resonant frequency band.

[0275] like Figure 31 Figures (a), (b), and (c) show the electric field distribution diagrams for the first, second, and third feeding units, respectively. Figure 31 As shown, since the mode currents on the radiators of adjacent antenna elements cancel each other out when the antenna element is fed, the electric field is concentrated on the radiator of the antenna element receiving the electric signal and the corresponding ground region, and can form good isolation with the adjacent antenna elements.

[0276] like Figure 32 As shown in (a), (b), and (c), these are the radiation patterns generated when the first, second, and third feed units are fed, respectively. The maximum radiation direction is located in the z-direction (perpendicular to the direction where the floor is located).

[0277] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another electronic device 300 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0278] like Figure 33 As shown, with Figure 28 The difference in the antenna structure shown, composed of the first antenna element 310, the second antenna element 320, and the third antenna element 330, lies in the addition of a fourth antenna element 350 and a fifth antenna element 360, as well as resonant connectors disposed between the third antenna element 330 and the fourth antenna element 350, and between the fourth antenna element 350 and the fifth antenna element 360. The technical solution provided in this application can also be applied to antenna structures including three or more antenna elements; the number of antenna elements is not limited and can be adjusted according to actual production or design needs.

[0279] like Figure 33As shown, the radiators of the first antenna element 310, the second antenna element 320, the third antenna element 330, the fourth antenna element 350, and the fifth antenna element 360 are placed side by side on the floor. The grounding terminals of the radiators of the first antenna element 310, the second antenna element 320, the third antenna element 330, the fourth antenna element 350, and the fifth antenna element 360 are arranged alternately, with adjacent grounding terminals located on opposite sides. Specifically, the grounding terminals of the first antenna element 310, the third antenna element 330, and the fifth antenna element 360 are arranged on the same side, while the grounding terminals of the second antenna element 320 and the fourth antenna element 350 are arranged on the same side. Grounding terminals separated by one grounding terminal are located on the same side.

[0280] Figures 34 to 38 yes Figure 33 The simulation results for the antenna element are shown. Among them, Figure 34 yes Figure 33 The simulation results of S11 for the antenna element shown are as follows. Figure 35 yes Figure 33 The isolation between the antenna elements is shown. Figure 36 yes Figure 33 The radiation efficiency of the antenna element and the system efficiency are shown. Figure 37 yes Figure 33 The diagram shows the electric field distribution of the antenna element. Figure 38 yes Figure 33 The radiation pattern of the antenna element shown.

[0281] like Figure 34 As shown, the first antenna element, the second antenna element, the third antenna element, the fourth antenna element, and the fifth antenna element generate a resonant frequency band around 3.95 GHz (with S11 / S22 / S33 / S44 / S55 ≤ -5dB as the boundary).

[0282] And, as Figure 35 As shown, the isolation between two antenna elements separated by one antenna element (e.g., the first antenna element and the third antenna element (S31 / S13)) is less than -15dB. The isolation between two antenna elements separated by two antenna elements (e.g., the first antenna element and the fourth antenna element (S41 / S14)) is less than -20dB. The isolation between two antenna elements separated by three antenna elements (e.g., the first antenna element and the fifth antenna element (S51 / S15)) is less than -20dB. The isolation between two adjacent antenna elements (e.g., the first antenna element and the second antenna element (S12 / S21)) is less than -20dB.

[0283] like Figure 36 As shown, the efficiencies (system efficiency and radiation efficiency) of the first antenna element, the second antenna element, the third antenna element, the fourth antenna element, and the fifth antenna element can all meet the communication requirements in the resonant frequency band.

[0284] like Figure 37 Figures (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) show the electric field distribution diagrams for the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth feeding units, respectively. Figure 37 As shown, since the mode currents on the radiators of adjacent antenna elements cancel each other out when the antenna element is fed, the electric field is concentrated on the radiator of the antenna element receiving the electric signal and the corresponding ground plane, and can form good isolation with the adjacent antenna elements.

[0285] like Figure 38 As shown in (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e), these are the radiation patterns generated when the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth feed units are fed, respectively. The maximum radiation direction is located in the z-direction (perpendicular to the direction where the floor is located).

[0286] In the above embodiments, the strongly coupled antenna structure formed by parallel and non-collinear radiators of the antenna elements is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to strongly coupled antenna structures formed by antenna elements with collinear radiators.

[0287] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the resonances generated by the two modes of each antenna element are merged, for example, the two resonances are combined into one to form a single resonance. In actual production or design, the resonances generated by the two modes may not present as a single resonance, but rather as a resonance band formed by the fusion of the two resonances, for example, there are two resonance points in this resonance band. Furthermore, the resonance bands generated by multiple antenna elements can be very close, or in practice, slightly far apart, to satisfy the same frequency as defined in the embodiments of this application.

[0288] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0289] like Figure 39 As shown, the antenna structure includes two radiators that are serialized or arranged in series.

[0290] In one embodiment, a series or cascaded arrangement can be understood as two radiators positioned relatively close to each other (e.g., the distance between the radiators is less than 5 mm), with their ends facing each other but not in contact, and the two radiators are arranged substantially along the same straight line in their extension directions. Here, "substantially along the same straight line" means that the extension directions of the main bodies of the two radiators can be roughly along the same straight line, but are not necessarily strictly aligned. For example, the first radiator extends in the X direction, and the second radiator extends in a direction deviating from the X direction by less than 10°. Alternatively, the first and second radiators can be zigzag-shaped, with the extension directions of the main bodies of the radiators (e.g., the length of the main body is greater than or equal to 90% of the total length of the radiators) substantially along the same straight line. All of the above can be considered as substantially aligned along the same straight line.

[0291] In one embodiment, a series or serial arrangement can also be understood as two radiators extending in a first direction and not overlapping in a second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the two radiators have at least partial overlap in the first direction.

[0292] In one embodiment, the projections of two radiators arranged in series or cascaded onto the floor are arranged in series or cascaded. In another embodiment, the projections of the two radiators arranged in series or cascaded onto the floor may be aligned along the same straight line; specifically, the two radiators are collinear in their extension directions. One end of each radiator is connected to the floor; for example, the black dot in the figure indicates the grounding point of the radiator.

[0293] In one embodiment, the two radiators are linear radiators, and the projections of the two radiators onto the floor are arranged along the same straight line. This can be understood as the angle between the extension directions of the sides of the two radiators in the length direction being in the range of 0 to 10°, or in the range of 170 to 180°. In another embodiment, the two radiators are sheet-like radiators, and the projections of the two radiators onto the floor are arranged along the same straight line. This can be understood as the angle between the extension directions of any line connecting the open end and the ground end of the two radiators being in the range of 0 to 10°, or in the range of 170 to 180°.

[0294] It should be understood that two radiators placed at intervals along the same straight line are connected to the same floor, and the two radiators and part of the floor together form a dipole antenna.

[0295] Based on the eigenmode characteristics of the dipole antenna, such as Figure 39As shown in (a), two radiators can generate mode currents in the same direction, and a mode current can be generated between the two radiators on the floor between them. The mode current on the radiators will induce a current on the floor. According to the electromagnetic induction theorem, the mode current and the corresponding induced current are in opposite directions. For the mode current between two points on the floor, it has a component in the same direction as the induced current, and the two can be superimposed. In one embodiment, the dashed area on the floor is the area of ​​strong current of the mode current and the induced current, indicating that the mode meets the boundary conditions and can exist. Figure 39 The antenna structure shown can excite HWM.

[0296] It should be understood that, for boundary conditions, the induced current generated by the antenna element and the mode current have components in the same direction, but no components in opposite directions, which means that the boundary conditions are met.

[0297] Similarly, such as Figure 39 As shown in (b), the radiators of the two antenna elements can generate opposing mode currents, and a mode current can be generated on the floor between the two radiators. The mode current on the radiators will induce a current on the floor 120. According to the electromagnetic induction theorem, the mode current and the corresponding induced current are opposite in direction. For the mode current between the two locations on the floor 120, it has a component in the same direction as the induced current, and the two can be superimposed. In one embodiment, the dashed area on the floor is the zero-current region of the mode current and the induced current, indicating that the mode meets the boundary conditions and can exist. Figure 39 The antenna structure shown can excite OWM.

[0298] Therefore, for Figure 39 The antenna structure shown (with radiators of antenna elements arranged in series and ground terminals located on opposite sides) primarily determines the isolation between antenna elements by the mode currents of the two elements, while the spatial distance between the two elements has a relatively small impact on the isolation. Since the coupling between the two antenna elements is minimally affected by their distance, this antenna structure can be considered a strongly coupled antenna structure.

[0299] Figure 40 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 500 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0300] like Figure 40 As shown, the electronic device 500 includes a first antenna unit 510, a second antenna unit 520, and a third antenna unit 530.

[0301] The first antenna element 510 includes a first radiator 511 and a first parasitic stub 512. The second antenna element 520 includes a second radiator 521 and a second parasitic stub 522. The third antenna element 530 includes a third radiator 531 and a third parasitic stub 532. The second radiator 521 is located between the first radiator 511 and the third radiator 531. The first radiator 511, the second radiator 521, and the third radiator 531 are arranged side by side. The grounding terminal (first end) of the first radiator 511 and the grounding terminal (first end) of the third radiator 531 are grounding terminals located on the same side, while the grounding terminal (second end) of the second radiator 521 is a grounding terminal located on a different side from the grounding terminals of the first radiator 511 and the third radiator 531.

[0302] It should be understood that the first radiator 511 and the first parasitic stub 512 are placed side by side, with the grounding terminals of the first radiator 511 and the first parasitic stub 512 located on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled antenna structure. The first parasitic stub 512 resonates with the electrical signal fed into the first radiator 511, thereby extending the operating frequency band of the first antenna element 510.

[0303] It should be understood that Figure 40 The antenna structure shown, consisting of the first antenna element 510, the second antenna element 520, and the third antenna element 530, is similar to... Figure 28 The difference between the antenna structure shown, which consists of a first antenna element 310, a second antenna element 320, and a third antenna element 330, lies in the fact that parasitic stubs have been added to the first antenna element 310, the second antenna element 320, and the third antenna element 330 to extend the operating frequency band of the antenna element.

[0304] In one embodiment, the first radiator 511 is located between the first parasitic branch 512 and the second radiator 521. The projections of the first parasitic branch 512 onto the plane of the floor 540 and the projections of the first radiator 511 onto the plane of the floor 540 are parallel to each other in a first direction (e.g., the y-direction) and at least partially overlap in a second direction (e.g., the x-direction). The distance between the first end (grounding end) of the first radiator 511 and the second end (grounding end) of the first parasitic branch 512 is greater than the distance between the first end of the first radiator 511 and the first end of the first parasitic branch 512.

[0305] Simultaneously, the first radiator 511, the first parasitic stub 512, and a portion of the ground plane can form a dipole antenna, which can generate two resonances by HWM and OWM respectively. The relative positional relationship between the first radiator 511 and the first parasitic stub 512 (e.g., the distance between the first radiator 511 and the first parasitic stub 512) is related to the frequency of the resonance generated by HWM and OWM.

[0306] In one embodiment, the second parasitic branch 522 and the second radiator 521 are connected in series, and the grounding terminals of the second parasitic branch 522 and the second radiator 521 are located on opposite sides. In another embodiment, the first end of the second parasitic branch 522 is opposite to and does not contact the first end of the second radiator 521, and the second end of the second parasitic branch is grounded. The projections of the second parasitic branch 522 onto the plane of the floor 540 and the projections of the second radiator 521 onto the plane of the floor 540 are aligned along the same straight line.

[0307] It should be understood that the second radiator 521 and the second parasitic stub 522 are connected in series and their grounding terminals are located on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled antenna structure. The second parasitic stub 522 resonates with the electrical signal fed into the second radiator 521 to extend the operating frequency band of the second antenna element 520.

[0308] Simultaneously, the second radiator 521, the second parasitic stub 522, and a portion of the ground plane can form a dipole antenna, generating two resonances, one for high-frequency resonance (HWM) and the other for low-frequency resonance (OWM). An inductor can be connected in series between the first end of the second parasitic stub 522 and the first end of the second radiator 521, or a capacitor can be connected in parallel with the ground plane at that location, thereby adjusting the frequencies of the resonances generated by the HWM and OWM. For example, when the inductance of the inductor connected in series between the first end of the second parasitic stub 522 and the first end of the second radiator 521 decreases, the frequency of the resonance generated by the HWM shifts to a higher frequency, while the frequency of the resonance generated by the OWM remains unchanged. When the capacitance of the capacitor connected in parallel with the ground plane increases, the frequency of the resonance generated by the OWM shifts to a lower frequency, while the frequency of the resonance generated by the HWM remains unchanged.

[0309] In one embodiment, the third radiator 531 is located between the third parasitic branch 532 and the second radiator 521. The third parasitic branch 532 and the third radiator 531 are placed side by side, with the grounding ends of the third parasitic branch 532 and the third radiator 531 located on opposite sides. In one embodiment, the projections of the third parasitic branch 532 onto the plane of the floor 540 and the projections of the third radiator 531 onto the plane of the floor 540 are parallel to each other in a first direction (e.g., the y-direction) and at least partially overlap in a second direction (e.g., the x-direction). The distance between the first end (grounding end) of the third radiator 531 and the second end (grounding end) of the third parasitic branch 532 is greater than the distance between the first end of the third radiator 531 and the first end of the third parasitic branch 532.

[0310] It should be understood that the third radiator 531 and the third parasitic stub 532 are placed side by side with their grounding ends on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled antenna structure. The third parasitic stub 532 resonates through the electrical signal fed into the third radiator 531, thereby extending the operating frequency band of the third antenna element 530.

[0311] For the sake of brevity, this application only uses the example of the first antenna element 510, the second antenna element 520 and the third antenna element 530 all including parasitic stubs. In practical applications, parasitic stubs can be set for at least one of the multiple antenna elements according to the internal layout of the electronic device. Furthermore, a structure in which the parasitic stubs and the radiator form a strong coupling (e.g., serial or parallel placement) can be selected according to actual design requirements to extend the operating frequency band of the antenna element. The embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0312] Figures 41 to 44 yes Figure 40 The simulation results for the antenna element are shown. Among them, Figure 41 yes Figure 40 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given. Figure 42 yes Figure 40 The radiation efficiency of the antenna element and the system efficiency are shown. Figure 43 yes Figure 40 The diagram shows the electric field distribution of the antenna element. Figure 44 yes Figure 40 The radiation pattern of the antenna element shown.

[0313] like Figure 41 As shown, due to the parasitic stubs in the antenna elements, additional resonance can be generated. Therefore, the first antenna element, the second antenna element, and the third antenna element can generate two resonant frequency bands near 3.95 GHz and 4.3 GHz (with S11 / S22 / S33≤-5dB as the boundary).

[0314] And, as Figure 41 As shown, the isolation between two separated antenna elements (e.g., the first antenna element and the third antenna element (S31 / S13)) is less than -18dB. The isolation between two adjacent antenna elements (e.g., the first antenna element and the second antenna element (S12 / S21)) is less than -15dB.

[0315] like Figure 42 As shown, the efficiency (system efficiency and radiation efficiency) of the first antenna element, the second antenna element, and the third antenna element can all meet the communication requirements in the resonant frequency band.

[0316] like Figure 43 As shown in (a) and (b), when the first feed unit is fed, the electric field distribution corresponding to the resonance point of the two resonant frequency bands generated by the first antenna unit under HWM (the electric fields on the radiator and the parasitic direct are opposite) and OWM (the electric fields on the radiator and the parasitic direct are in the same direction) is schematic. The electric field is mainly concentrated on the first radiator, the first parasitic branch and the corresponding ground area, and can form good isolation with the adjacent antenna units.

[0317] like Figure 43 As shown in (c) and (d), when the second feed unit is fed, the electric field distribution corresponding to the resonance point of the two resonant frequency bands generated by the second antenna unit under HWM (electric fields on the radiator and the parasitic direct electric field are opposite) and OWM (electric fields on the radiator and the parasitic direct electric field are in the same direction) is schematic diagram. The electric field is mainly concentrated on the second radiator, the second parasitic branch and the corresponding ground area, and can form good isolation with the adjacent antenna units.

[0318] like Figure 43 As shown in (e) and (f), when the third feed unit is fed, the electric field distribution corresponding to the resonance point of the two resonant frequency bands generated by the third antenna unit under HWM (electric fields on the radiator and the parasitic direct field are opposite) and OWM (electric fields on the radiator and the parasitic direct field are in the same direction) is schematic diagram. The electric field is mainly concentrated on the third radiator, the third parasitic branch and the corresponding ground area, and can form good isolation with the adjacent antenna units.

[0319] like Figure 44 As shown in (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), and (f), the radiation patterns generated by the first antenna element, the second antenna element, and the third antenna element under HWM (reverse electric field of radiator and parasitic direct electric field) and OWM (co-directional electric field of radiator and parasitic direct electric field) when the first feed element, the second feed element, and the third feed element are fed, respectively. The maximum radiation direction is located in the z-direction (perpendicular to the direction of the ground).

[0320] In the above embodiments, the strong coupling structure between the radiators of adjacent antenna elements is used as an example for illustration. In actual design, the weak coupling structure can also be formed between the radiators of adjacent antenna elements, and the radiators and the corresponding parasitic branches form a strong coupling structure to expand the bandwidth of the antenna elements.

[0321] Figure 45 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 600 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0322] like Figure 45 As shown, the electronic device 600 may include a first antenna unit 610, a second antenna unit 620, and a ground plane 630.

[0323] The first antenna element 610 includes a first radiator 611, a first parasitic stub 612, and a first feed element 613. The first radiator 611 includes a first feed point 614, and the first feed element 613 is electrically connected to the first radiator 611 at the first feed point 614.

[0324] It should be understood that the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are all described using electrical connection (direct coupling) as an example. In actual design or production, indirect coupling can also be used to achieve the same technical effect, and this application does not limit this.

[0325] The second antenna unit 620 includes a second radiator 621 and a second feed unit 623. The second radiator 621 includes a second feed point 624, and the second feed unit 623 is electrically connected to the second radiator 621 at the second feed point 624. The first feed unit 613 is different from the second feed unit 623. In one embodiment, the first feed unit 613 and the second feed unit 623 are different, which can be understood as the electrical signals generated by the first feed unit 613 and the second feed unit 623 being different and not generated by the same feed source through the feed network. For example, the first feed unit 613 and the second feed unit 623 may be different radio frequency channels of the same power chip.

[0326] The first end of the first radiator 611 is grounded, the first end of the second radiator 621 is grounded, and the second end of the first parasitic branch 612 is grounded. The grounding ends of the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 are grounding ends located on the same side, while the grounding ends of the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic branch 612 are grounding ends located on opposite sides.

[0327] In one embodiment, the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 are juxtaposed. In another embodiment, the projections of the first radiator 611 onto the plane of the floor 630 (first projection) and the projections of the second radiator 621 onto the plane of the floor 630 (second projection) are parallel in a first direction (e.g., the y-direction) and at least partially overlap in a second direction (e.g., the x-direction), which is perpendicular to the first direction. The first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 are parallel and not collinear.

[0328] In one embodiment, a first radiator 611 and a first parasitic branch 612 are juxtaposed. In another embodiment, the first radiator 611 is located between the first parasitic branch 612 and the second radiator 621. The projections of the first radiator 611 onto the plane of the floor 630 (first projection) and the projections of the first parasitic branch 612 onto the plane of the floor 630 (third projection) are parallel to each other in a first direction and at least partially overlap in a second direction.

[0329] In one embodiment, the grounding terminals of the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 are grounding terminals located on the same side, and the distance between the first end (grounding terminal) of the first radiator 611 and the first end (grounding terminal) of the second radiator 621 is less than the distance between the first end (grounding terminal) of the first radiator 611 and the second end of the second radiator 621.

[0330] In one embodiment, the grounding end of the first radiator 611 and the grounding end of the first parasitic branch 612 are grounding ends located on opposite sides, and the distance between the first end (grounding end) of the first radiator 611 and the first end of the first parasitic branch 612 is less than the distance between the first end (grounding end) of the first radiator 611 and the second end (grounding end) of the first parasitic branch 612.

[0331] It should be understood that the grounding terminals of the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 are located on the same side, forming a weakly coupled structure. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 610 and the second antenna element 620 is mainly determined by the distance between the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621. Simultaneously, the grounding terminals of the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic stub 612 are located on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure. The first parasitic stub 612 resonates through the electrical signal fed into the first radiator 611, thereby extending the operating frequency band of the first antenna element 610.

[0332] In one embodiment, the distance between the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 is less than 5 mm. The first antenna unit 610 and the second antenna unit 620 can be compactly arranged inside the electronic device, saving internal space.

[0333] In one embodiment, the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic branch 612 are linear radiators with a distance of less than 5 mm between them, or the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic branch 612 are sheet-like radiators with a distance of less than 2 mm between them. In another embodiment, the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic branch 622 are linear radiators with a distance of less than 5 mm between them, or the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic branch 622 are sheet-like radiators with a distance of less than 2 mm between them. The first antenna unit 610 and the second antenna unit 620 can be compactly arranged inside the electronic device, saving internal space.

[0334] It should be understood that the distance between the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 can be understood as the minimum straight-line distance between a point on the first radiator 611 and a point on the second radiator 621. The distance between the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic branch 612, as well as the distance between the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic branch 622, can also be understood accordingly.

[0335] It should be understood that when the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 are sheet-shaped radiators, the distance between the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 can be further reduced as the width of the radiator (which can be understood as the length of the radiator in the second direction, or the length in the direction perpendicular to the direction from the ground end of the radiator to the open end) increases. In one embodiment, the distance between the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 is less than 2 mm, or less than 1 mm.

[0336] In one embodiment, the electronic device 600 may further include a first resonant connector 631 and a first electronic component 641. The first resonant connector 631 may be disposed between the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic branch 612. A first end of the first resonant connector 631 is electrically connected to the first radiator 611, and a second end is electrically connected to the first parasitic branch 612. A first end of the first electronic component 641 is electrically connected to the first resonant connector 631, and a second end is grounded through an electrical connection to a ground plane 630. The first electronic component 641 is connected in parallel between the first resonant connector 631 and the ground plane 630.

[0337] It should be understood that by using the first resonant connector 631 disposed between the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic branch 612, and the first electronic component 641 connected in parallel between the first resonant connector 631 and the ground plane 630, the frequencies of the resonances generated by the first resonant mode (e.g., HWM) and the second resonant mode (e.g., OWM) of the first antenna element 610 can be adjusted so that the resonances generated by the two resonant modes are close to each other to form a wider resonant frequency band, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth of the first antenna element 610. Alternatively, the resonant frequencies generated by the two resonant modes can be made far apart, so that the operating frequency band of the first antenna element 610 includes two different communication frequency bands.

[0338] Similarly, even without the first resonant connector 631 between the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic branch 612, the same technical effect can be achieved by adjusting the distance between the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic branch 612.

[0339] In one embodiment, the first end of the first resonant connector 631 is located between the first end of the first radiator 611 and the midpoint of the first radiator 611. In another embodiment, the second end of the first resonant connector 631 is located between the second end of the first parasitic branch 612 and the midpoint of the first parasitic branch 612.

[0340] In one embodiment, the second antenna unit 620 further includes a second parasitic branch 622, with the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic branch 622 juxtaposed. In one embodiment, the second radiator 621 is located between the first radiator 611 and the second parasitic branch 622. The projection of the second radiator 621 onto the plane of the floor 630 (second projection) and the projection of the second parasitic branch 622 onto the plane of the floor 630 (fourth projection) are parallel to each other in a first direction and at least partially overlap in a second direction.

[0341] In one embodiment, the grounding end of the second radiator 621 and the grounding end of the second parasitic branch 622 are grounding ends located on opposite sides, the second end of the second parasitic branch 622 is grounded, and the distance between the first end (grounding end) of the second radiator 621 and the first end of the second parasitic branch 622 is less than the distance between the first end (grounding end) of the second radiator 621 and the second end (grounding end) of the second parasitic branch 622.

[0342] It should be understood that the grounding terminals of the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic stub 622 are located on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure. The second parasitic stub 622 resonates through the electrical signal fed into the second radiator 621, thereby extending the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit 620.

[0343] In this embodiment, the number of parasitic branches is not limited. Parasitic branches can be set on the radiator of the antenna element according to actual design needs. The parasitic branches and the radiator form a strongly coupled structure to form multiple resonant frequency bands and expand the working bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0344] In one embodiment, the electronic device 600 may further include a second resonant connector 632 and a second electronic component 642. The second resonant connector 632 may be disposed between the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic branch 622. A first end of the second resonant connector 632 is electrically connected to the second radiator 621, and a second end is electrically connected to the second parasitic branch 622. A first end of the second electronic component 642 is electrically connected to the second resonant connector 632, and a second end is grounded through an electrical connection to a ground plane 630. The second electronic component 642 is connected in parallel between the second resonant connector 632 and the ground plane 630.

[0345] It should be understood that by using the second resonant connector 632 disposed between the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic branch 622, and the second electronic component 642 connected in parallel between the second resonant connector 632 and the ground plane 630, the frequencies of the resonances generated by the first resonant mode (e.g., HWM) and the second resonant mode (e.g., OWM) of the second antenna unit 620 can be adjusted so that the resonances generated by the two resonant modes are close to each other to form a wider resonant frequency band, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth of the second antenna unit 620. Alternatively, the resonant frequencies generated by the two resonant modes can be made far apart, so that the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit 620 includes two different communication frequency bands.

[0346] Similarly, even without a second resonant connector 632 between the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic branch 622, the same technical effect can be achieved by adjusting the distance between the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic branch 622.

[0347] In one embodiment, the first end of the second resonant connector 632 is located between the first end of the second radiator 621 and the midpoint of the second radiator 621. In another embodiment, the second end of the second resonant connector 632 is located between the second end of the second parasitic branch 622 and the midpoint of the second parasitic branch 622.

[0348] In one embodiment, the electronic device 600 may further include a third electronic component 643. A slit may be formed in the first resonant connector 631. The third electronic component 643 may be disposed within the slit of the first resonant connector 631, connected in series between the first resonant connectors 631 on both sides of the slit, with both ends of the third electronic component 643 electrically connected to the first resonant connectors 631 on both sides of the slit.

[0349] In one embodiment, the electronic device 600 may further include a fourth electronic element 644. A slit may be formed in the second resonant connector 632. The fourth electronic element 644 may be disposed within the slit of the second resonant connector 632, connected in series between the second resonant connectors 632 on both sides of the slit, with both ends of the fourth electronic element 644 electrically connected to the second resonant connectors 644 on both sides of the slit.

[0350] It should be understood that the resonant connector can be equivalent to an inductor, and the inductance value of its equivalent inductance can be adjusted by the length or width of the resonant connector. The equivalent inductance of the resonant connector can be adjusted by electronic components connected in series with it, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency corresponding to the first resonant mode of the antenna element.

[0351] It should be understood that the electrical lengths of the radiator and resonant stub of the antenna element should be approximately the same so that the resonant frequency bands of the antenna elements are close to each other, thereby extending the operating frequency band of the antenna element.

[0352] In one embodiment, the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic branch 612 are arranged parallel and not collinear. The projections of the first radiator 611 onto the floor (first projection) and the projections of the first parasitic branch 612 onto the floor (third projection) only partially overlap along a second direction (e.g., the x-direction). For example, the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic branch 612 are slightly misaligned in a first direction (e.g., the y-direction). Similar to the aforementioned embodiments, this will not be repeated here.

[0353] In one embodiment, the first radiator 611 or the first parasitic stub 612 can be a linear radiator, and the first antenna element 610 can be an IFA. Alternatively, the first radiator 611 or the first parasitic stub 612 can be a sheet radiator, and the first antenna element 610 can be a PIFA. In one embodiment, the second antenna element 620 can also be any of the above-mentioned antenna types.

[0354] In one embodiment, the radiator and parasitic branch are disposed on a bracket or back cover within the electronic device, which will not be described further here.

[0355] Figure 46 yes Figure 45 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0356] like Figure 46 As shown, the first antenna element and the second antenna element can generate two resonances at 4.3 GHz and 4.4 GHz respectively, which can correspond to two resonance modes (e.g., OWM and HWM) of the radiator and parasitic stub of the antenna element.

[0357] Meanwhile, the grounding terminals of the first and second radiators are arranged on the same side, forming a weakly coupled structure. In the resonant frequency band, the isolation between the first and second antenna elements is less than -24dB.

[0358] Figure 47 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 600 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0359] Similarly, the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 have ground terminals on the same side, forming a weakly coupled structure. Within the first antenna element 610, the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic stub 612 have ground terminals on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure. Within the second antenna element 620, the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic stub 622 form a strongly coupled structure. For the strongly coupled structure, the relative positions of the radiators can be similar to those in the preceding embodiments, and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0360] like Figure 47 As shown, in this embodiment, the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 are placed side by side and their grounding terminals are arranged on the same side, forming a weakly coupled structure, while the radiators and parasitic branches are placed in series and their grounding terminals are arranged on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure.

[0361] Figure 48 yes Figure 47 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0362] like Figure 48 As shown, the first antenna element and the second antenna element can generate two resonances at 4.3 GHz and 4.45 GHz respectively, which can correspond to two resonance modes (e.g., OWM and HWM) of the radiator and resonant stub of the antenna element.

[0363] Meanwhile, the grounding terminals of the first radiator and the second radiator are arranged on the same side, forming a weakly coupled structure, for example. In the resonant frequency band, the isolation between the first antenna element and the second antenna element is less than -12dB.

[0364] Figure 49 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 600 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0365] Similarly, the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 have ground terminals disposed on the same side, forming a weakly coupled structure. Within the first antenna element 610, the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic stub 612 have ground terminals disposed on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure. Within the second antenna element 620, the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic stub 622 have ground terminals disposed on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure. For the strongly coupled structure, the relative positions of the radiators can be similar to those in the preceding embodiments, and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0366] like Figure 49 As shown, in this embodiment, only the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 are connected in series and the grounding terminals are arranged on the same side, forming a weakly coupled structure, and the radiators and parasitic branches are placed side by side and the grounding terminals are arranged on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure, as an example.

[0367] Figure 49 The first antenna element 610 and the second antenna element 620 shown are... Figure 45 The difference between the first antenna element 610 and the second antenna element 620 shown lies in the arrangement of the radiators and parasitic stubs. Figure 49 The arrangement shown is a 2×2 array (the radiators of the two antenna elements are arranged collinearly). Figure 45 The arrangement shown is a 1×4 array (the radiators of the two antenna elements are parallel and not collinear).

[0368] It should be understood that for collinearly arranged radiators and parasitic branches, there can be a certain offset depending on the actual spatial layout. For example, if their collinear direction is the y-direction, the radiators and parasitic branches can move in the positive or negative x-direction, with only partial overlap in the y-reverse direction. Figure 50 yes Figure 49 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0369] like Figure 50 As shown, the first antenna element and the second antenna element can generate two resonances at 4.3 GHz and 4.4 GHz respectively, which can correspond to two resonance modes (e.g., OWM and HWM) of the radiator and resonant stub of the antenna element.

[0370] Meanwhile, the grounded end of the first radiator is close to the ungrounded end of the second radiator, forming a weakly coupled structure. In the resonant frequency band, the isolation between the first and second antenna elements is less than -12dB.

[0371] Figure 51 The first antenna element 610 and the second antenna element 620 shown are... Figure 49 The difference between the first antenna element 610 and the second antenna element 620 shown lies in the arrangement of the radiators and parasitic stubs. Figure 51 The arrangement shown is a linear arrangement (the radiators and parasitic stubs of the two antenna elements are placed in series). Figure 49 The arrangement shown is a 2×2 array (the radiators of the two antenna elements are placed in series, and the radiators and parasitic branches are placed side by side).

[0372] It should be understood that, Figure 49 In the antenna structure shown, the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 are arranged adjacent to each other, while... Figure 51In the antenna structure shown, the first parasitic stub 612 is disposed between the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621, with the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 spaced apart. This application does not limit the specific form of the weakly coupled structure formed between the radiators, nor does it limit the specific form of the strongly coupled structure formed between the radiators and their corresponding parasitic stubs; adjustments can be made according to the actual design.

[0373] Figure 52 yes Figure 51 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0374] like Figure 52 As shown, the first and second antenna elements can resonate at 4.4 GHz. The grounded end of the first radiator is close to the ungrounded end of the second radiator, forming a weakly coupled structure. In the resonant frequency band, the isolation between the first and second antenna elements is less than -20 dB.

[0375] Figure 53 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 600 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0376] Figure 53 The first antenna element 610 and the second antenna element 620 shown are... Figure 47 The difference between the first antenna element 610 and the second antenna element 620 shown lies in the arrangement of the radiators and parasitic stubs. Figure 47 The arrangement shown consists of the radiator and parasitic stub of each antenna element cascaded together, with the radiators of two antenna elements arranged parallel and non-collinearly. Figure 53 The arrangement shown has the radiators and parasitic stubs of each antenna element arranged collinearly, and the radiators of two antenna elements are staggered.

[0377] Figure 54 yes Figure 53 The S-parameters of the antenna element shown are given.

[0378] like Figure 54 As shown, the first antenna element and the second antenna element can generate two resonances at 4.3 GHz and 4.45 GHz respectively, which can correspond to two resonance modes (e.g., OWM and HWM) of the radiator and resonant stub of the antenna element.

[0379] Meanwhile, the staggered arrangement of the first and second radiators constitutes a weakly coupled structure. In the resonant frequency band, the isolation between the first and second antenna elements is less than -12 dB.

[0380] Figure 55 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 600 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0381] like Figure 55 As shown, the electronic device 600 may include a first antenna unit 610, a second antenna unit 620, and a ground plane 630.

[0382] The first antenna element 610 includes a first radiator 611 and a first feed element 613. The first radiator 611 includes a first feed point 614, and the first feed element 613 is electrically connected to the first radiator 611 at the first feed point 614.

[0383] The second antenna unit 620 includes a second radiator 621 and a second feed unit 623. The second radiator 621 includes a second feed point 624, and the second feed unit 623 is electrically connected to the second radiator 621 at the second feed point 624. The first feed unit 613 is different from the second feed unit 623. In one embodiment, the first feed unit 613 and the second feed unit 623 are different, which can be understood as the electrical signals generated by the first feed unit 613 and the second feed unit 623 being different and not generated by the same feed source through the feed network. For example, the first feed unit 613 and the second feed unit 623 may be different radio frequency channels of the same power chip.

[0384] The projection of the first radiator 611 onto the plane of the floor 630 (first projection) is perpendicular to the projection of the second radiator 621 onto the plane of the floor 630 (second projection). Furthermore, the extension of the second radiator 621 intersects the first radiator 611 on the first radiator 611.

[0385] It should be understood that the first projection is perpendicular to the second projection, which can be interpreted as the direction of the first radiator 611 from the ground end to the open end being perpendicular to the direction of the second radiator 621 from the ground end to the open end.

[0386] The second end of the first radiator 611 is grounded, and the second end of the second radiator 621 is grounded. The distance between the second end (grounded end) of the second radiator 621 and the second end (grounded end) of the first radiator 611 is less than the distance between the second end (grounded end) of the second radiator 621 and the first end of the first radiator 611.

[0387] It should be understood that the first radiator 611 and the second radiator 621 are arranged perpendicularly, forming a weakly coupled structure. Therefore, there is good isolation between the first antenna element 610 and the second antenna element 620. Figure 56 As shown, in the resonant frequency band, the isolation between the first antenna element 610 and the second antenna element 620 is less than -12dB.

[0388] In one embodiment, the antenna structure may also include more antenna elements, with adjacent antenna elements arranged vertically, and each pair of antenna elements can have good isolation.

[0389] In one embodiment, two or more antenna elements operate in the same frequency band (e.g., all including the first frequency band).

[0390] In one embodiment, to extend the operating frequency band of the antenna element, the antenna element may include parasitic stubs, such as... Figure 57 As shown.

[0391] For example, the first antenna element 610 may include a first parasitic stub 612. In one embodiment, the grounding terminals of the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic stub 612 are located on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure. The first radiator 611 may be located between the first parasitic stub 612 and the second radiator 621. The first end of the first radiator 611 is opposite to and does not contact the first end of the first parasitic stub 612, and the second end of the first radiator 611 is grounded, as is the second end of the first parasitic stub 612. The projections of the first radiator 611 onto the plane of the floor 630 (first projection) and the projections of the first parasitic stub 612 onto the plane of the floor 630 (third projection) are aligned along the same straight line in a first direction (e.g., the x-direction). The distance between the second end (grounding terminal) of the second radiator 621 and the second end (grounding terminal) of the first parasitic stub 612 is greater than the distance between the second end (grounding terminal) of the second radiator 621 and the first end of the first parasitic stub 612.

[0392] In one embodiment, the second antenna unit 620 may include a second parasitic stub 622. In one embodiment, the grounding terminals of the second radiator 621 and the second parasitic stub 622 are located on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure. The first end of the second radiator 621 and the first end of the second parasitic stub 622 are opposite to each other and do not contact each other. The second end of the second radiator 621 is grounded, and the second end of the second parasitic stub 622 is grounded. The projection of the second radiator 621 onto the plane of the floor 630 (second projection) and the projection of the second parasitic stub 622 onto the plane of the floor 630 (fourth projection) are arranged along the same straight line in a second direction (e.g., the y-direction). The distance between the second end (grounding terminal) of the first radiator 611 and the second end (grounding terminal) of the second parasitic stub 622 is greater than the distance between the second end (grounding terminal) of the first radiator 611 and the first end of the second parasitic stub 622.

[0393] In one embodiment, the third antenna element 640 may include a third parasitic branch 642.

[0394] It should be understood that the embodiments of this application do not limit the number of parasitic stubs within the electronic device. Each antenna element may include parasitic stubs, and the position of the parasitic stubs can be selected according to the actual internal space of the electronic device to form a strongly coupled structure. For example, the parasitic stubs and radiators may be arranged along the same straight line, with the grounding points far apart and arranged on opposite sides; or, the parasitic stubs and radiators may be arranged parallel and not collinear, with the grounding points far apart and arranged on opposite sides. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0395] In one embodiment, the electronic device 600 may further include a resonant connector disposed between the radiator and the parasitic stub of the antenna element, and an electronic component disposed between the resonant connector and the ground plane. For example, a first resonant connector 631 may be disposed between the first radiator 611 and the first parasitic stub 612. A first end of the first resonant connector 631 is electrically connected to the first radiator 611, and a second end is electrically connected to the first parasitic stub 612. A first electronic component 641 has a first end electrically connected to the first resonant connector 631, and a second end grounded by being electrically connected to the ground plane 630. The first electronic component 641 is connected in parallel between the first resonant connector 631 and the ground plane 630.

[0396] It should be understood that the resonant connector disposed between the radiator and the parasitic stub of the antenna element, and the electronic components disposed between the resonant connector and the ground, can adjust the frequency of the resonance generated by the first resonant mode (e.g., HWM) and the frequency of the resonance generated by the second resonant mode (e.g., OWM) of the antenna element, so that the resonant frequencies generated by the two resonant modes are close to each other, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna element.

[0397] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are illustrative; for instance, the division of units is merely a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0398] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: floor; The first antenna element includes a first radiator and a first feed element. The first radiator includes a first feed point, and the first feed element is coupled to the first radiator through the first feed point. The second antenna element includes a second radiator and a second feed element. The second radiator includes a second feed point. The second feed element is coupled to the second radiator through the second feed point. The first feed element is different from the second feed element. A first resonant connector, wherein a first end of the first resonant connector is coupled to the first radiator, and a second end of the first resonant connector is coupled to the second radiator; as well as A first electronic component, wherein a first end of the first electronic component is coupled to the first resonant connector, and a second end of the first electronic component is coupled to the grounding ground; The first end of the first radiator is coupled to the grounding of the floor, and the second end of the second radiator is coupled to the grounding of the floor. The first radiator and the second radiator are placed side by side, and the first end of the first radiator and the second end of the second radiator are grounding terminals set on opposite sides.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than 5 mm.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first end of the first resonant connector is located between the first end of the first radiator and the midpoint of the first radiator, and / or, The second end of the first resonant connector is located between the second end of the second radiator and the midpoint of the second radiator.

4. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The physical length L1 of the first radiator and the physical length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1×80%≤L2≤L1×120%.

5. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first projection and the second projection extend in a first direction and at least partially overlap in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. The first projection is the projection of the first radiator onto the plane where the floor is located, and the second projection is the projection of the second radiator onto the plane where the floor is located. The length L3 of the overlapping portion of the first projection and the second projection in the second direction satisfies the following condition: L4 × 80% ≤ L3.

6. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, When the first power supply unit supplies power, the first radiator and the second radiator are used to jointly generate a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is greater than the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The resonant frequency of the first resonance is related to the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a second electronic component; The first resonant connector includes a gap, through which the second electronic component is connected in series with the first resonant connector.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The resonant frequency of the second resonance is related to the equivalent inductance of the second electronic component.

10. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes: a third antenna unit, a second resonant connector, and a third electronic component; The third antenna element includes a third radiator and a third feed element. The second radiator is located between the third radiator and the first radiator. The third radiator includes a third feed point. The third feed element is coupled to the third radiator through the third feed point. The first end of the second resonant connector is coupled to the second radiator, and the second end of the second resonant connector is coupled to the third radiator. The first end of the third electronic component is coupled to the second resonant connector, and the second end of the third electronic component is coupled to the grounding ground. The first end of the third radiator is coupled to the ground of the floor. The third radiator and the second radiator are placed side by side, and the first end of the third radiator and the second end of the second radiator are grounding terminals set on opposite sides.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit all include the first frequency band.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The first antenna element further includes a first parasitic branch; The second end of the first parasitic branch is coupled to the ground of the floor. The first parasitic branch and the first radiator are placed side by side, and the first end of the first radiator and the second end of the first parasitic branch are grounding ends set on opposite sides.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The second antenna element also includes a second parasitic stub; The first end of the second parasitic branch is opposite to and does not contact the first end of the second radiator. The second end of the second parasitic branch is coupled to the ground of the floor. The second parasitic branch and the second radiator are connected in series, and the second end of the second parasitic branch and the second end of the second radiator are grounding ends set on opposite sides.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a support frame; The first radiator and the second radiator are located on the surface of the support.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a back cover; The first radiator and the second radiator are located on the rear cover.

16. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The first radiator and the second radiator are sheet-shaped radiators.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than 2 mm.

18. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, Both the first radiator and the second radiator extend in a first direction. The second end of the first radiator is an open end, and the first end of the second radiator is an open end. The grounding ends of the first radiator and the second radiator are located on opposite sides, meaning that the first end of the first radiator is on the first side of the first direction, the second end of the first radiator is on the second side of the first direction, and the first end of the second radiator is on the first side of the first direction, and the second end of the second radiator is on the second side of the first direction.

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