A cultivation method of soybean and vegetable rotation

Abstract

The application discloses a soybean and vegetable rotation cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: S10, predicting nematode conditions: collecting soil samples of to-be-cultivated land, separating and detecting cyst nematode eggs, and dividing cyst nematode diseases of the to-be-cultivated land into mild, moderate and severe degrees according to the cyst nematode eggs; S20, planting soybeans: when soybeans are sowed, adding 30-400 mg of preset bacterial agents in base fertilizer according to the disease degree, and applying root dressing at the flowering stage, wherein the preset bacterial agents are composed of Suginobacter yellosoxidans; S30, rotation: after soybeans are harvested, the land is ploughed and stubble is removed, base fertilizer is applied to ridges, and vegetables are sowed; and S40, stubble is left after the vegetables are harvested. The method selects endive and lettuce as soybean rotation crops, shortens the rotation period, reduces the cyst nematode diseases of the land, improves the yield of soybeans and the yield of rotation crops, and thus improves the economic benefits of the planters.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a soybean and vegetable rotation cultivation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Soybean belongs to the annual herbaceous plant of the genus Glycine of the Leguminosae family, which is rich in high-quality protein, unsaturated fatty acids, calcium and B vitamins, and is an excellent oil pressing raw material and protein food. Soybean is symbiotic with a gram-negative aerobic bacillus rhizobium in the soil, and forms root nodules on the soybean root system. The rhizobium converts the free nitrogen in the soil gap into plant available nitrogen through symbiotic nitrogen fixation, and the nitrogen fixation of soybean root nodules provides abundant nitrogen for the soil, and its active phosphorus and potassium release provides abundant phosphorus and potassium for the soil.

[0003] However, after a long period of research, it was found that when soybeans are continuously planted on the same soil, as the number of continuous planting increases, the allelochemicals in the residues or residue decomposition products and the relative deficiency of soil nutrients lead to continuous cropping obstacles of soybeans, resulting in a reduction of up to 30-50%. At the same time, because the farmland is located in a subtropical region, the climate is suitable for the growth and reproduction of nematodes and microorganisms, and continuous cropping leads to an increase in cyst nematodes in the soil, making soybean plants susceptible to cyst nematodes and causing concurrent diseases. These factors caused by continuous cropping together cause poor growth, susceptibility to diseases, and yield reduction of soybeans. The existing technologies for improving soybean continuous cropping obstacles and the existing problems are as follows:

[0004] (1) A microbial inoculant for improving soybean continuous cropping obstacles (CN201610625411.9) discloses that blackgrass powder, sesbania gum, compound amino acid powder, charcoal powder, and yeast extract are used as raw materials, and yellow short bacillus and acetic acid bacillus are inoculated, and the microbial inoculant is prepared by fermentation at 30-33℃ for 68-70 hours to improve the continuous cropping obstacles of soybeans. The use of the strain does not improve the soil organic matter content, increase the available phosphorus and potassium, and does not solve the problem of cyst nematode damage caused by continuous cropping of soybeans;

[0005] (2) A new type of fertilization management method for corn-soybean rotation in high-altitude areas (CN202210490677.2) discloses that the straw is removed after the first year of corn harvest, the soil is plowed and crushed, and the land is leveled, the corn straw is crushed after the second year of corn harvest, the stubble is removed, and the land is plowed and raked. After the third year of soybean harvest, the stubble is deep plowed and the land is prepared. The rotation period is as long as three years.

[0006] (3) A soybean and vegetable rotation planting method in southern regions (CN202211572272.X) discloses applying base fertilizer before planting corn in spring of the first year, rotary plowing and land preparation, laying mulch before sowing, laying drip irrigation tape after sowing, preventing corn borer in the corn seedling stage, preventing diseases and pests in the plum rain season, harvesting corn and crushing corn stalks for returning to the field, sowing late autumn fresh soybeans from late July to August 20, irrigating and draining before sowing, sowing the next morning, cultivating and weeding in the soybean seedling stage, applying fertilizer, and preventing pests in the three-leaf stage; after harvesting the late autumn fresh soybeans, leaving stubble and irrigating to fully decompose the underground roots. The stubble of soybeans causes cyst nematodes to grow in the soybean roots or form more cysts to help cyst nematodes survive the winter, causing the soil cyst nematode content to rise the following year.

[0007] The information disclosed in this BACKGROUND section is only for the purpose of increasing the understanding of the general background of the application and should not be taken as admitting that the information forms prior art that is already known to those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application aims to provide a soybean and vegetable rotation cultivation method that addresses cyst nematode prevention, overcomes the serious harm caused by cyst nematodes in continuous cropping soil, improves soybean yield, and improves soil resource utilization.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a soybean and vegetable rotation cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:

[0010] S10 Predicting nematode conditions: collecting soil samples from the land to be cultivated, separating and detecting cyst nematode eggs, and classifying the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated into mild, moderate, and severe according to the cyst nematode eggs;

[0011] S20 Planting soybeans: when sowing soybeans, adding 30-400 mg of a preset bacterial agent to the base fertilizer according to the disease severity, and applying fertilizer to the roots during the flowering stage, wherein the preset bacterial agent is composed of Suginubacillus;

[0012] S30 Rotation: harvesting soybeans, plowing and removing stubble, applying base fertilizer to the ridges, and sowing vegetables;

[0013] S40: leaving stubble after the vegetables are harvested.

[0014] Preferably, in the step of predicting nematode conditions, 100 g of soil samples from the land to be cultivated are collected, the number of cyst nematode eggs in the soil samples is obtained by suspension separation and detection, and the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is classified into the following grades according to the number of cyst nematodes in the sample soil:

[0015] When the number of cyst nematode eggs is ≤5, the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is mild;

[0016] When the number of 5 cyst nematode eggs is ≤10, the cyst nematode disease of the land to be ploughed is preset as moderate;

[0017] When the number of 10 cyst nematode eggs is preset as severe.

[0018] Preferably, in the technical scheme, the disease degree adds 30-400 mg of the preset fungicide in the base fertilizer, specifically including:

[0019] When the soybean is sowed, according to the disease degree being mild, 30-100 mg of the preset fungicide is applied in the base fertilizer;

[0020] When the soybean is sowed, according to the disease degree being moderate, 100-200 mg of the preset fungicide is applied in the base fertilizer;

[0021] When the soybean is sowed, according to the disease degree being severe, 200-400 mg of the preset fungicide is applied in the base fertilizer.

[0022] Preferably, in the technical scheme, the preset fungicide further includes Bacillus polymyxa or Trichoderma harzianum.

[0023] Preferably, in the technical scheme, the fertilizer of the topdressing is composed of 70-90 kg / hm 2 superphosphoric acid calcium, 10-30 kg / hm 2 sheep manure, 70-90 kg / hm 2 potassium chloride.

[0024] Preferably, in the technical scheme, the vegetable is lettuce or artichoke.

[0025] Preferably, in the technical scheme, the soybean is harvested, and the stubble is ploughed, the base fertilizer and the ash are applied to the ridge soil, the artichoke seeds are sowed in August-October, the ridge soil is covered with seeds and then covered with straw, the artichoke is harvested in November with stubble, the soil is ploughed and dried in January-February, the base fertilizer is applied to the ridge soil, and the artichoke seeds are sowed in February, the artichoke is harvested in early April with stubble, and then the next rotation cycle is entered.

[0026] Preferably, in the technical scheme, the ridge is 10-20 cm high, 150-200 cm wide and 200-300 cm long, and the ridge soil is obtained by uniformly mixing the base fertilizer, the ash and the soil at a ratio of 1-4:1-2:4-12.

[0027] Preferably, in the above technical solution, soybean is harvested, and stubble is plowed, a ridge with a height of 20-30 cm, a width of 150-200 cm and a length of 200-300 cm is formed, base fertilizer and wood ash are applied to the ridge soil, lettuce seeds are sown in August-October, the ridge soil is covered with straw, and lettuce is harvested in February to enter the next rotation cycle; wherein the ridge soil is obtained by uniformly mixing base fertilizer, wood ash and soil at a ratio of 1-4:1:4-12.

[0028] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the base fertilizer is composed of 1000-2000 g of sheep manure, 40-60 g of superphosphate, 5-15 g of manganese sulfate, 1-10 g of copper sulfate and 1-10 g of zinc sulfate.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) Bacillus polymyxa and Aureobacterium aureum are used together to reduce the hatching rate of egg of Globodera, the insect control effect is good, the content of Globodera in soil clods is reduced, and the yield of soybean is improved;

[0031] (2) Zinc sulfate supplements zinc trace elements of crops, cooperates with manganese sulfate to catalyze the synthesis and accumulation of chlorophyll by plants, copper sulfate provides copper ions to form a stable complex with chlorophyll, protects chloroplasts from damage by superoxide free radicals, maintains the stability of chlorophyll of plants, and promotes the photosynthesis of stems; at the same time, in the process of growth of plant radicles and development of root systems, the amino acid activation and protein synthesis are promoted, a variety of oxidase or activator raw materials of some enzymes are provided, and the disease resistance of plants is improved;

[0032] (3) Using garden lettuce and lettuce as crops for rotation with soybean has the advantages of shortening the rotation period, obviously inhibiting the growth and reproduction of Globodera, and obtaining economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a specific embodiment in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0035] As Figure 1 a flowchart of a cultivation method of soybean and vegetable rotation according to one embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. Figure 1 The flowchart of the cultivation method of soybean and vegetable rotation is only used to illustrate the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, various modifications can be made to the cultivation method of soybean and vegetable rotation.

[0036] As Figure 1As shown, a soybean and vegetable rotation cultivation method includes: S10 predicting nematode conditions: collecting soil samples of land to be cultivated, separating and detecting cyst nematode eggs, and classifying cyst nematode diseases of the land to be cultivated into mild, moderate and severe degrees according to the cyst nematode eggs; S20 planting soybeans: when soybeans are sown, adding 30-400 mg of a preset bacterial agent in base fertilizer according to the degree of the disease, and applying root fertilizer at the flowering stage, wherein the preset bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis; S30 rotation: after the soybeans are harvested, the land is plowed and stubble is removed, base fertilizer is applied to ridges, and vegetables are sown; S40: after the vegetables are harvested, stubble is left, and S10, S20 and S30 are repeated.

[0037] Firstly, in the step of S10 predicting nematode conditions: collecting soil samples of land to be cultivated, separating and detecting cyst nematode eggs, and classifying cyst nematode diseases of the land to be cultivated into mild, moderate and severe degrees. By collecting soil samples from multiple plots with different disease levels using a five-point sampling method, and then separating cysts from the soil samples using a suspension method, counting and recording the number of cysts and the degree of the disease for correlation analysis, the correlation between the number of cyst nematode eggs and the degree of cyst nematode disease is obtained.

[0038] Further, in the step of predicting nematode conditions, 100 g of soil samples of land to be cultivated are collected, and the number of cyst nematode eggs in the soil samples is obtained by separating and detecting using a suspension method. According to the number of cyst nematodes in the soil samples, the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is classified into the following grades:

[0039] When the number of cyst nematode eggs is ≤5, it is preset that the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is mild;

[0040] When 5 < the number of cyst nematode eggs ≤10, it is preset that the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is moderate;

[0041] When 10 < the number of cyst nematode eggs, it is preset that the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is severe.

[0042] Next, in the step S20 of planting soybeans: when the soybeans are sown, 30-400 mg of a preset bacterial agent is added in the base fertilizer according to the disease degree, and root dressing is performed at the flowering stage, wherein the preset bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus thuringiensis. Next, the step of adding 30-400 mg of the preset bacterial agent in the base fertilizer according to the disease degree specifically includes: when the soybeans are sown, 30-100 mg of the preset bacterial agent is applied in the base fertilizer according to the disease degree being mild; when the soybeans are sown, 100-200 mg of the preset bacterial agent is applied in the base fertilizer according to the disease degree being moderate; and when the soybeans are sown, 200-400 mg of the preset bacterial agent is applied in the base fertilizer according to the disease degree being severe. In the present application, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus acetis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Bacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis are selected to prepare corresponding bacterial agents with a concentration of 0.5 mg / L, and under suitable conditions for the growth of nematode eggs and nematodes, the hatching rate and mortality rate are taken as indexes to select the best bacterial agent partners for soybeans that can inhibit the hatching of nematode eggs and the growth of nematodes.

[0043] The bacterial agent screening test steps are as follows:

[0044] (1) Collect a plot of soybean nematode damage, separate the cysts by suspension method, crack the cysts, adjust the concentration to obtain a cyst nematode egg suspension with a concentration of 500 particles / mL;

[0045] (2) Set up a control group: 20 mL of soybean root extract as treatment liquid, two copies;

[0046] (3) Set up an experimental group: add 0.5 mg / L Bacillus subtilis, 0.5 mg / L Bacillus acetis, 0.5 mg / L Bacillus thuringiensis, 0.5 mg / L Paecilomyces lilacinus, 0.5 mg / L Bacillus polymyxa, 0.5 mg / L Trichoderma harzianum and 0.5 mg / L Bacillus subtilis to 20 mL of soybean root extract as treatment liquid, two copies;

[0047] Test: add 1 mL of nematode egg suspension to one treatment liquid, and place it in a temperature condition of 22°C for hatching treatment; add 30 nematodes to the other treatment liquid, repeat the experiment three times, wherein the hatching rate, hatching inhibition rate and mortality rate calculation formula are as follows:

[0048] Hatching rate (%) = (second instar nematode / 500) * 100%;

[0049] Hatching inhibition rate (%) = 〔(A0-A1) / A0〕*100%, wherein A1 is the number of hatched nematodes treated by the corresponding plant root extract, and A0 is the number of hatched nematodes treated by the blank control;

[0050] Mortality rate (%) = number of deaths The results are shown in Table 1.

[0051] Table 1: Egg hatching and nematode death in hatching liquid with each bacterial agent

[0052] Serial number Treatment Hatching rate (%) Inhibition rate (%) Number of death Mortality rate (%) 1 Control group 82.4% --- 0 0 2 Xanthobacter sp. 78.2% 5.10% 4 13.33% 3 Acetobacter sp. 80.4% 2.43% 3 10.00% 4 Bacillus thuringiensis 69.2% 16.02% 8 26.67% 5 Paecilomyces lilacinus 64.2% 22.09% 14 43.33% 6 Bacillus polymyxa 74.4% 9.71% 7 23.33% 7 Trichoderma harzianum 73.4% 10.92% 11 36.67% 8 Bacillus subtilis 80.6% 2.18% 3 10.00%

[0053] In addition, Trichoderma harzianum (0, 0.1, 0.5, 0.8 mg / L), Bacillus polymyxa (0, 0.1, 0.5, 0.8 mg / L), and Suginami (0, 0.1, 0.5, 0.8 mg / L) were used as factors in a 3-factor 4-level test. The test steps and calculations are referred to the above bacterial agent screening test, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Table 2

[0055] Treatment number Trichoderma harzianum Bacillus polymyxa Bacillus thuringiensis Hatching rate (%) Mortality rate (%) 1 1（0） 2（0.1） 2（0.1） 74.4% 10.00% 2 1（0） 3（0.5） 3（0.5） 50.4% 30.00% 3 1（0） 4（0.8） 4（0.8） 44.6% 36.67% 4 2（0.1） 1（0） 2（0.1） 78.2% 26.67% 5 2（0.1） 2（0.1） 1（0） 76.8% 13.33% 6 2（0.1） 3（0.5） 4（0.8） 48.8% 40.00% 7 2（0.1） 4（0.8） 3（0.5） 46.6% 30.00% 8 3（0.5） 1（0） 3（0.5） 68.4% 50.00% 9 3（0.5） 2（0.1） 4（0.8） 65.2% 56.67% 10 3（0.5） 3（0.5） 1（0） 64.2% 43.33% 11 3（0.5） 4（0.8） 2（0.1） 63.2% 46.67% 12 4（0.8） 1（0） 4（0.8） 65.0% 70.00% 13 4（0.8） 2（0.1） 3（0.5） 60.6% 60.00% 14 4（0.8） 3（0.5） 2（0.1） 59.0% 36.67% 15 4（0.8） 4（0.8） 1（0） 63.4% 46.67%

[0056] As shown in Tables 1-2, Trichoderma harzianum and Suginami have the best insecticidal effect, and Bacillus polymyxa and Suginami have the best hatching inhibition effect.

[0057] Further, the preset bacterial agent further comprises Bacillus polymyxa or Trichoderma harzianum.

[0058] Further, the fertilizer of the topdressing is composed of 70-90 kg / hm 2 Superphosphate, 10-30 kg / hm 2 Sheep manure, 70-90 kg / hm 2 Potassium chloride. The superphosphate, sheep manure, and potassium chloride are applied at the same time. The principle is that the humic acid in the decomposed sheep manure increases the solubility of the superphosphate and potassium chloride, promotes the formation of phosphorus and potassium in a state that is easy to be absorbed by the soybean roots, and provides sufficient phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen for the soybean in the flowering stage, thereby promoting the yield of soybean.

[0059] In the S30 rotation step: soybean is harvested, and the stubble is removed by plowing, the base fertilizer is applied on the ridge, and the vegetables are sown. It should be noted that the stubble of soybean is removed by plowing after the soybean is harvested in the present application. Firstly, the cyst nematode uses the soybean stubble as a host to further grow and reproduce or hide from the low temperature in winter. Secondly, during the degradation of the soybean stubble, the substances that promote the growth of cyst nematodes and the hatching of cyst nematode eggs are secreted, which increases the number of cyst nematodes in the field and causes the disease to worsen.

[0060] Further, the vegetables are lettuce or chard. In the present application, common vegetables in Guangxi, such as soybean, cowpea, corn, rice, chard, lettuce, oilseed rape, and cabbage, are selected as the root infusion for hatching liquid, and the hatching rate is used as an index to select the plant root infusion that promotes the hatching of cyst nematodes as the rotation plant.

[0061] Rotational plant screening test: 20 mL of water (blank control), 20 mL of soybean root infusion, 20 mL of cowpea root infusion, 20 mL of corn root infusion, 20 mL of wheat root infusion, 20 mL of lettuce root infusion, 20 mL of celery root infusion, 20 mL of rape root infusion and 20 mL of cabbage root infusion were used as hatching liquid, 1 mL of egg suspension of cyst nematode was added into the corresponding hatching liquid, the test steps and calculation were referred to the above-mentioned bacterial agent screening test, the hatching rate of cyst nematode was taken as the index, the plants capable of relatively inhibiting the hatching of cyst nematode eggs were selected as the rotational plants, and the results were shown in Table 3.

[0062] Table 3 Effects of root infusions of various plants on the hatching of cyst nematode eggs

[0063] Number Treatment item Hatching rate (%) Mortality rate (%) 1 Water (blank control) 11% 0 2 Soybean root soaking solution 82.4% 0 3 Cowpea root soaking solution 78.6% 0 4 Corn root soaking solution 18.8% 6.67% 5 Rice root soaking solution 6.3% 10.00% 6 Lettuce root soaking solution 2.3% 36.67% 7 Globe artichoke root soaking solution 2.2% 36.67% 8 Rape root soaking solution 41.6% 6.67% 9 Cabbage root soaking solution 45.4% 0

[0064] Through the above-mentioned hatching treatment of cyst nematode eggs by using various plants, it was found that the root parts of rice, corn, lettuce and celery secreted some components to inhibit the hatching of nematode eggs, and had partial harm to the growth of nematodes; the roots of soybean, cowpea, rape and cabbage promoted the hatching of nematode eggs. According to the above-mentioned experimental results, the root infusions of celery, lettuce, rice and corn were analyzed and researched, the root infusions of celery and lettuce contained chemical substance α-triplet thiophene, and α-triplet thiophene was a compound with nematocidal activity, which had toxic and killing effects on nematode eggs and nematodes.

[0065] S40: After the vegetables are harvested, stubble is left, and S10, S20 and S30 are repeated. Example 1

[0066] A cultivation method of soybean and vegetable rotation, the specific steps of the method are:

[0067] The soil sample of the land to be cultivated was collected by five-point sampling method, and the cysts in the soil sample were separated and detected by suspension method, and 4 cysts were obtained, so the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated was mild, a 30 cm x 20 cm high was built in April, a pit was opened on the ridge with a pit distance of 20 cm, the soil was mixed with base fertilizer at a ratio of 1:1, 30 mg of 0.8 mg / L Paenibacillus polymyxa and 30 mg of 0.8 mg / L Suhailun bacillus mixed bacterial agent were applied at the bottom of the pit, and 2-3 germinated soybean seeds were sown in each pit, when the soybean grew to 20-30 cm, the soybean seedlings were thinned and supplemented, to ensure that each planting pit had two healthy soybean seedlings, and field management was carried out, 150 kg / hm 2 fertilizer was applied during the seedling stage and the flower and pod stage, wherein the fertilizer was composed of 70 kg / hm 2 superphosphate, 10 kg / hm 2 sheep manure, 70 kg / hm 2Potassium chloride composition; harvesting soybeans, plowing to remove soybean stubble, building 10 cm high x 150 cm wide x 200 cm long ridges, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at 2:1:8 to get ridge soil, sowing garland chrysanthemum seeds, spreading 1-2 cm of ridge soil to cover the seeds, and covering with straw, harvesting garland chrysanthemum stubble in late November, shallow plowing the soil in December-January, sunning the soil for 1-2 months before planting, building 10 cm high x 150 cm wide x 200 cm long ridges in February, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at 2:1:8 to get ridge soil, sowing garland chrysanthemum seeds, spreading 1-2 cm of ridge soil to cover the seeds, and covering with straw, and after harvesting the garland chrysanthemum stubble, entering the next round of cropping cycle; wherein the above base fertilizer is composed of 1000g sheep manure, 45g superphosphate, 5g manganese sulfate, 5g copper sulfate and 5g zinc sulfate. Example 2

[0068] A soybean and vegetable rotation cultivation method, the specific steps of which are:

[0069] Collecting soil samples from the land to be cultivated using the five-point sampling method, and using the suspension method to detect cyst nematode disease in the soil sample, 2 cysts are detected, indicating that the soil sample has mild cyst nematode disease, building 30 cm high x 20 cm wide ridges in April, digging pits on the ridges with a pit distance of 20 cm, mixing the soil with base fertilizer at a ratio of 1:1, first applying 50mg of 0.8mg / L Paenibacillus polymyxa and 50mg of 0.8mg / L Bacillus suinigri mixed inoculant to the pit bottom, and then sowing 2-3 germinated soybean seeds in each pit, thinning and supplementing the soybean seedlings when they grow to 20-30 cm, ensuring that each planting pit has two healthy soybean seedlings, and performing field management, applying 180kg / hm 2 fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer is composed of 80kg / hm 2 superphosphate, 20kg / hm 2 sheep manure, 80kg / hm 2 potassium chloride; harvesting soybeans, plowing to remove soybean stubble, building 15 cm high x 170 cm wide x 250 cm long ridges, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at 4:2:12 to get ridge soil, sowing garland chrysanthemum seeds, spreading 1-2 cm of ridge soil to cover the seeds, and covering with straw, harvesting garland chrysanthemum stubble in late November, shallow plowing the soil in December-January, sunning the soil for 1-2 months before planting, building 15 cm high x 170 cm wide x 250 cm long ridges in February, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at 4:2:12 to get ridge soil, sowing garland chrysanthemum seeds, spreading 1-2 cm of ridge soil to cover the seeds, and covering with straw, and after harvesting the garland chrysanthemum stubble, entering the next round of cropping cycle, wherein the above base fertilizer is composed of 1500g sheep manure, 50g superphosphate, 10g manganese sulfate, 10g copper sulfate and 10g zinc sulfate. Example 3

[0070] A cultivation method of soybean and vegetable rotation, the specific steps of the method are:

[0071] The soil sample of the land to be cultivated is collected by five-point sampling method, and the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is moderate by detecting 8 cysts in the soil sample by suspension method. In April, a pit is opened on the ridge with a height of 30 cm and a width of 20 cm, the soil is mixed with base fertilizer at a ratio of 1:1, 60 mg of 0.8 mg / L Paenibacillus polymyxa and 60 mg of 0.8 mg / L Suhuangyun rod bacteria mixed inoculant are applied at the bottom of the pit, 2-3 germinated soybean seeds are sown in each pit, when the soybean grows to 20-30 cm, the seedlings are thinned and supplemented to ensure that there are two healthy soybean seedlings in each planting pit, field management is carried out, and 190 kg / hm 2 fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer is composed of 90 kg / hm 2 superphosphate, 20 kg / hm 2 sheep manure, 80 kg / hm 2 potassium chloride; harvesting soybeans, plowing and removing soybean stubble, building a ridge with a height of 20 cm and a width of 200 cm and a length of 300 cm, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at a ratio of 4:2:12 to obtain ridge soil, wherein the wood ash is made of soybean straw or rice straw, sowing endive seeds, covering the seeds with 1-2 cm of ridge soil, and covering with straw, harvesting endive in late November and leaving stubble, shallow plowing the soil in December-January, and sunning the soil for 1-2 months before planting, building a ridge with a height of 20 cm and a width of 200 cm and a length of 300 cm in February, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at a ratio of 4:2:12 to obtain ridge soil, sowing endive seeds, covering the seeds with 1-2 cm of ridge soil, and covering with straw, after harvesting the endive stubble, entering the next rotation cycle, wherein the above base fertilizer is composed of 2000 g of sheep manure, 55 g of superphosphate, 12 g of manganese sulfate, 10 g of copper sulfate and 10 g of zinc sulfate. Example 4

[0072] A cultivation method of soybean and vegetable rotation, the specific steps of the method are:

[0073] The soil sample of the land to be cultivated is collected by five-point sampling method, and 11 cysts are detected in the soil sample by suspension method, so the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is severe, in April, a high of 30cm and a width of 20cm are built, pits are opened on the ridge with a pit distance of 20cm, the soil is mixed with base fertilizer at a ratio of 1:1, 100mg of 0.8mg / L Paenibacillus polymyxa and 100mg of 0.8mg / L Bacillus suinii mixed inoculant are applied at the bottom of the pit, and 2-3 germinated soybean seeds are sown in each pit, when the soybean grows to 20-30cm, the soybean seedlings are thinned and supplemented, to ensure that each planting pit has two healthy soybean seedlings, field management is carried out, and 190kg / hm 2 fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer is composed of 90 kg / hm2 superphosphate, 20kg / hm 2 sheep manure, 80kg / hm 2 potassium chloride; harvesting soybeans, plowing and removing soybean stubble, building a ridge with a height of 20cm, a width of 150cm and a length of 200cm, and mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at a ratio of 2:1:8 to obtain ridge soil, wherein the wood ash is made of soybean straw or rice straw, lettuce seeds are sown, the lettuce seeds are sown on the ridge soil and covered with 1-2cm of soil, and then covered with straw, and the lettuce is harvested from November to February after stubble is left, and the next rotation cycle is entered, wherein the base fertilizer is composed of 2000g of sheep manure, 55g of superphosphate, 12g of manganese sulfate, 10g of copper sulfate and 10g of zinc sulfate. Example 5

[0074] A soybean and vegetable rotation cultivation method, the specific steps of which are:

[0075] The soil sample of the land to be cultivated is collected by five-point sampling method, and 11 cysts are detected in the soil sample by suspension method, so the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is severe, in April, a high of 30cm and a width of 20cm are built, pits are opened on the ridge with a pit distance of 20cm, the soil is mixed with base fertilizer at a ratio of 1:1, 100mg of 0.8mg / L Paenibacillus polymyxa and 100mg of 0.8mg / L Bacillus suinii mixed inoculant are applied at the bottom of the pit, and 2-3 germinated soybean seeds are sown in each pit, when the soybean grows to 20-30cm, the soybean seedlings are thinned and supplemented, to ensure that each planting pit has two healthy soybean seedlings, field management is carried out, and 190kg / hm 2 fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer is composed of 90kg / hm 2 superphosphate, 20kg / hm 2 sheep manure, 80kg / hm 2Potassium chloride composition; harvesting soybeans, plowing to remove soybean stubble, building a 20 cm high x 150 cm wide x 200 cm long ridge, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at a ratio of 2:1:8 to obtain ridge soil, wherein the wood ash is made of soybean straw or rice straw, sowing chard seeds, sowing lettuce seeds, sowing ridge soil to cover 1-2 cm, and then covering with straw, harvesting lettuce after stubble in November-February, and entering the next rotation cycle, wherein the base fertilizer consists of 1500g sheep manure, 50g superphosphate, 10g manganese sulfate, 10g copper sulfate and 10g zinc sulfate. Example 6

[0076] A soybean and vegetable rotation cultivation method, the specific steps of which are:

[0077] The soil sample of the land to be cultivated is collected by five-point sampling method, and 8 cyst nematode cysts are detected by suspension method, so the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is moderate, a 30 cm high x 20 cm wide ridge is built in April, pits are dug on the ridge with a pit distance of 20 cm, the soil is mixed with base fertilizer at a ratio of 1:1, 60mg of 0.8mg / L Paenibacillus polymyxa and 60mg of 0.8mg / L Suhailun rod bacteria mixed inoculant are applied to the bottom of the pit, and 2-3 germinated soybean seeds are sown in each pit, when the soybean grows to 20-30 cm, the soybean seedlings are thinned and supplemented to ensure that each planting pit has two healthy soybean seedlings, and field management is carried out, and 190kg / hm 2 fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer consists of 80kg / hm 2 superphosphate, 30kg / hm 2 sheep manure, 80kg / hm 2 potassium chloride; harvesting soybeans, plowing to remove soybean stubble, building a 20 cm high x 150 cm wide x 200 cm long ridge, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at a ratio of 2:1:8 to obtain ridge soil, wherein the wood ash is made of soybean straw or rice straw, sowing chard seeds, sowing lettuce seeds, sowing ridge soil to cover 1-2 cm, and then covering with straw, harvesting lettuce after stubble in November-February, and entering the next rotation cycle; wherein the base fertilizer consists of 1000g sheep manure, 45g superphosphate, 5g manganese sulfate, 5g copper sulfate and 5g zinc sulfate.

[0078] Comparative Example 1

[0079] The same as Example 1, the difference is that the rotation crop is fresh corn. A soybean and vegetable rotation cultivation method, the specific steps of which are:

[0080] The soil sample of the land to be cultivated is collected by five-point sampling method, and 6 cysts are detected in the soil sample by suspension method, so the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is mild, in April, a high of 30 cm and a width of 20 cm are built, pits are opened on the ridge with a pit distance of 20 cm, the soil is mixed with base fertilizer at a ratio of 1:1, 30 mg of 0.8 mg / L Paenibacillus polymyxa and 30 mg of 0.8 mg / L Bacillus suinii mixed inoculant are applied at the bottom of the pit, and 2-3 germinated soybean seeds are sown in each pit, when the soybean grows to 20-30 cm, the soybean seedlings are thinned and supplemented, to ensure that each planting pit has two healthy soybean seedlings, field management is carried out, and 150 kg / hm 2 fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer is composed of 70 kg / hm 2 superphosphate, 10 kg / hm 2 sheep manure, 70 kg / hm 2 potassium chloride; the soybean stubble is harvested, a ridge with a height of 10 cm, a width of 150 cm and a length of 200 cm is built, and base fertilizer: wood ash: soil is mixed at a ratio of 2:1:8 to obtain ridge soil, wherein the wood ash is made of soybean straw or rice straw, in the second year, 2-3 germinated corn kernels are sown in the pits, and the ridge soil is covered, corn is harvested in late November, the soil is shallowly plowed, and soybeans are planted after 1-2 months of fallow and soil drying, and the next rotation cycle is entered; wherein the base fertilizer is composed of 1000 g of sheep manure, 45 g of superphosphate, 5 g of manganese sulfate, 5 g of copper sulfate, and 5 g of zinc sulfate.

[0081] Comparative Example 2

[0082] The difference between Example 3 and the present application is that the fertilizer for topdressing is different and the base fertilizer composition is different. A soybean and vegetable rotation cultivation method, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0083] The soil sample of the land to be cultivated is collected by five-point sampling method, and 6 cysts are detected in the soil sample by suspension method, so the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is mild, in April, a high of 30 cm and a width of 20 cm are built, pits are opened on the ridge with a pit distance of 20 cm, the soil is mixed with base fertilizer at a ratio of 1:1, 30 mg of 0.8 mg / L Paenibacillus polymyxa and 30 mg of 0.8 mg / L Bacillus suinii mixed inoculant are applied at the bottom of the pit, and 2-3 germinated soybean seeds are sown in each pit, when the soybean grows to 20-30 cm, the soybean seedlings are thinned and supplemented, to ensure that each planting pit has two healthy soybean seedlings, field management is carried out, and 150 kg / hm 2 fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer is composed of 70 kg / hm 2 superphosphate, 10 kg / hm 2Potassium chloride composition; harvesting soybean, plowing to remove soybean stubble, building 20 cm high x 200 cm wide x 300 cm long ridge, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at 4:2:12 to get ridge soil, wherein the wood ash is made of soybean straw or rice straw, sowing garland chrysanthemum seeds, covering seeds with 1-2 cm of ridge soil, and covering with straw, harvesting garland chrysanthemum stubble in late November, shallow plowing soil in December-January, sunning soil for 1-2 months before planting, building 20 cm high x 200 cm wide x 300 cm long ridge in February, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at 4:2:12 to get ridge soil, sowing garland chrysanthemum seeds, covering seeds with 1-2 cm of ridge soil, and covering with straw, and entering the next rotation cycle after harvesting garland chrysanthemum stubble, wherein the base fertilizer consists of 2000 g of sheep manure.

[0084] Comparative Example 3

[0085] The same as Example 3, the difference is that the base fertilizer composition is different. A soybean and vegetable rotation cultivation method, the specific steps of the method are:

[0086] The soil sample of the land to be cultivated is collected by five-point sampling method, and 8 cyst nematode diseases are detected in the soil sample by suspension method. The soil sample of the land to be cultivated is collected by five-point sampling method, and 8 cyst nematode diseases are detected in the soil sample by suspension method. The cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is moderate, 30 cm high x 20 cm wide is built in April, pits are dug on the ridge with a pit distance of 20 cm, the soil is mixed with base fertilizer at 1:1, 60 mg of 0.8 mg / L Paenibacillus polymyxa and 60 mg of 0.8 mg / L Suhailun rod bacteria mixed inoculant are first applied to the pit bottom, then 2-3 germinated soybean seeds are planted in each pit, when the soybean grows to 20-30 cm, the soybean seedlings are thinned and supplemented to ensure that each planting pit has two healthy soybean seedlings, and field management is performed, 190 kg / hm 2 fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer consists of 90 kg / hm 2 superphosphate, 20 kg / hm 2 sheep manure, 80 kg / hm 2 Potassium chloride composition; harvesting soybean, plowing to remove soybean stubble, building 20 cm high x 200 cm wide x 300 cm long ridge, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at 4:2:12 to get ridge soil, wherein the wood ash is made of soybean straw or rice straw, sowing garland chrysanthemum seeds, covering seeds with 1-2 cm of ridge soil, and covering with straw, harvesting garland chrysanthemum stubble in late November, shallow plowing soil in December-January, sunning soil for 1-2 months before planting, building 20 cm high x 200 cm wide x 300 cm long ridge in February, mixing base fertilizer: wood ash: soil at 4:2:12 to get ridge soil, sowing garland chrysanthemum seeds, covering seeds with 1-2 cm of ridge soil, and covering with straw, and entering the next rotation cycle after harvesting garland chrysanthemum stubble, wherein the base fertilizer consists of 2000 g of sheep manure, 55 g of superphosphate.

[0087] Comparative Example 4

[0088] The difference between Example 3 and the present example is that the base fertilizer is different. The specific steps of the cultivation method are as follows:

[0089] The soil sample of the land to be cultivated is collected by five-point sampling method, and the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is moderate when 6 cysts are detected in the soil sample by suspension method. In April, a pit is dug on the ridge with a height of 30 cm and a width of 20 cm, and the soil is mixed with the base fertilizer at a ratio of 1:1. First, 60 mg of 0.8 mg / L Paenibacillus polymyxa and 60 mg of 0.8 mg / L Bacillus suinii mixed inoculant are applied at the bottom of the pit, and then 2-3 germinated soybean seeds are sown in each pit. When the soybean grows to 20-30 cm, the seedlings are thinned and supplemented to ensure that each planting pit has two healthy soybean seedlings. Field management is carried out, and 190 kg / hm 2 fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer is composed of 90 kg / hm 2 superphosphate, 20 kg / hm 2 sheep manure, 80 kg / hm 2 potassium chloride; harvest the soybeans, plow the soybean stubble, build a ridge with a height of 20 cm and a width of 200 cm and a length of 300 cm, and mix the base fertilizer, wood ash and soil at a ratio of 4:2:12 to obtain ridge soil, wherein the wood ash is made of soybean straw or rice straw, the coriander seeds are sown, 1-2 cm of ridge soil is spread for covering the seeds, and then straw is used for covering. The coriander is harvested in late November, the soil is shallowly plowed in December-January, the soil is sunned for 1-2 months before sowing, a ridge with a height of 20 cm and a width of 200 cm and a length of 300 cm is built, the base fertilizer, wood ash and soil are mixed at a ratio of 4:2:12 to obtain ridge soil, the coriander seeds are sown, 1-2 cm of ridge soil is spread for covering the seeds, and then straw is used for covering. After the coriander stubble is harvested, the next round of rotation is entered, wherein the base fertilizer is composed of 2000 g of sheep manure, 55 g of superphosphate and 10 g of zinc sulfate.

[0090] The economic benefits of each example are shown in Table 4. Among them, the market price of soybean is 4.98 yuan / kg, the market wholesale price of coriander is 3.52 yuan / kg, the market wholesale price of lettuce is 3.2 yuan / kg, and the market price of corn is 2.63 yuan / kg.

[0091] Table 4 Soybean yield, crop yield and economic benefits of each example

[0092] Item name Soybean yield (kg / 666m 2 )]]> Crop yield (kg / 666m 2 )]]> Total economic benefit (yuan / 666m 2 )]]> Example 1 279.6 1640 10281.21 Example 2 273.3 1636 10228.15 Example 3 271.9 1645 10269.96 Example 4 271.7 2673 9906.67 Example 5 275.6 2654 9865.29 Example 6 277.3 2665 9908.95 Comparative example 1 276.6 1037 4104.78 Comparative example 2 221.4 1236 7801.69 Comparative example 3 235.8 1516 8849.00 Comparative example 4 243.6 1532 9516.57

[0093] The cyst nematode egg situation of each piece of soil after one round of rotation is detected, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0094] Table 5 Cyst nematode egg situation after rotation of each example

[0095] Item name Cyst nematode eggs Cyst nematode disease grade Example 1 0 None Example 2 0 None Example 3 5 Mild Example 4 6 Moderate Example 5 6 Moderate Example 6 5 Mild Comparative example 1 4 Mild Comparative example 2 6 Moderate Comparative example 3 6 Moderate Comparative example 4 3 Mild

[0096] As shown in Table 5, Example 1 using the method of the present application compared to Comparative Example 1, the cyst nematode egg number detected after crop rotation was reduced more significantly, indicating that the use of endive as a crop rotation plant has the best inhibitory effect on the growth and reproduction of cyst nematodes. Example 3 using the method of the present application compared to Comparative Examples 2-4, indicates that soil nutrients and soil conditions have a certain inhibitory effect on the growth and development of cyst nematodes.

[0097] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the application has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application to the precise form disclosed, and various modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. It is intended that the application encompass all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents. The claims are intended to cover all changes and modifications of the application which fall within the scope of the claims, along with all equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A cultivation method of soybean and vegetable crop rotation, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S10, predicting the nematode condition: collecting soil samples of the land to be cultivated, separating and detecting cyst nematode eggs, and classifying the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated into mild, moderate and severe degrees according to the cyst nematode eggs, wherein the classification of the cyst nematode disease is as follows: When the number of cyst nematode eggs is less than or equal to 5, the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is predicted to be mild; When the number of cyst nematode eggs is greater than 5 but less than or equal to 10, the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is predicted to be moderate; When the number of cyst nematode eggs is greater than 10, the cyst nematode disease of the land to be cultivated is predicted to be severe; S20, planting soybeans: when the soybeans are sown, 30-100 mg of the preset bacterial agent is added to the base fertilizer when the disease degree is mild; When the soybeans are sown, 100-200 mg of the preset bacterial agent is added to the base fertilizer when the disease degree is moderate; When the soybeans are sown, 200-400 mg of the preset bacterial agent is added to the base fertilizer when the disease degree is severe; During the flowering period, root topdressing is performed, wherein the preset bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa or Trichoderma harzianum; S30, crop rotation: after the soybeans are harvested, the land is ploughed and stubble is removed, base fertilizer is applied to the ridges, and lettuce or chard is sown; S40: after the lettuce or the chard is harvested, stubble is left.

2. The cultivation method of soybean and vegetable crop rotation according to claim 1, characterized by, The topdressing fertilizer is composed of 70-90 kg / hm 2 Calcium superphosphate, 10-30 kg / hm 2 Sheep manure, 70-90 kg / hm 2 Potassium chloride.

3. The cultivation method of soybean and vegetable crop rotation according to claim 1, characterized by, After the soybeans are harvested, the land is ploughed and stubble is removed, base fertilizer and wood ash are applied to the ridges, chard seeds are sown in August-October, the ridge soil is covered with seeds and then covered with straw, the chard is harvested in November and stubble is left, the land is ploughed and sunned in January-February, base fertilizer is applied to the ridges, the ridge soil is obtained, and chard seeds are sown in February, the chard is harvested in early April and stubble is left, and the next crop rotation cycle is entered.

4. The cultivation method of soybean and vegetable crop rotation according to claim 3, characterized by, The ridges are 10-20 cm high, 150-200 cm wide and 200-300 cm long, and the ridge soil is obtained by uniformly mixing base fertilizer, wood ash and soil at a ratio of 1-4:1-2:4-12.

5. The cultivation method of soybean and vegetable crop rotation according to claim 3, characterized by, After the soybeans are harvested, the land is ploughed and stubble is removed, base fertilizer and wood ash are applied to the ridges, and the ridge soil is obtained, lettuce seeds are sown in August-October, the ridge soil is covered with seeds and then covered with straw, the lettuce is harvested in February and stubble is left, and the next crop rotation cycle is entered; wherein the ridge soil is obtained by uniformly mixing base fertilizer, wood ash and soil at a ratio of 1-4:1:4-12.

6. The cultivation method of soybean and vegetable crop rotation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by, The base fertilizer is composed of 1000-2000 g of sheep manure, 40-60 g of superphosphate, 5-15 g of manganese sulfate, 1-10 g of copper sulfate and 1-10 g of zinc sulfate.

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