Glazed decorative ceramic rock plate and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a glazed decorative ceramic slab and its preparation method. The glazed decorative ceramic slab comprises, from bottom to top, a body, a surface glaze layer, a patterned decorative layer, and a transparent glaze layer. The patterned decorative layer is formed by firing an inkjet pattern and colored glass fibers. The chemical composition of the colored glass fibers, by weight percentage, includes: SiO2 50-65%, Al2O3 10-15%, Li2O2-4%, MgO 3-5%, ZnO 5-10%, Na2O 1-3%, B2O3 3-5%, TiO2 2-4%, CaF2 2-3%, and a colorant 3-5%. This invention first melts glass to form colored glass fibers, which are then applied to the surface of an inkjet-printed pattern. A transparent glaze is then applied to prepare a realistic and colorful three-dimensional glazed decorative ceramic slab. Simultaneously, the colored glass fibers undergo a heat treatment process, thereby giving the product high wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of architectural ceramics technology, specifically relating to a glazed decorative ceramic slab and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to natural stone and wood, sintered stone boasts superior physical and chemical properties, higher cost-effectiveness, and a texture and feel closer to natural marble, wood, and fabrics. Furthermore, it offers advantages such as easy cleaning, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high strength, high wear resistance, resistance to extreme temperatures, no radiation, and direct food contact safety, enabling it to rapidly gain a competitive edge across multiple dimensions. Moreover, the application of sintered stone has now expanded beyond ceramic tiles, overcoming many of their limitations and even penetrating various fields within the stone industry.

[0003] Currently, sintered stone slabs are highly homogenized in terms of craftsmanship and color. Most sintered stone slabs on the market are mainly black, white and gray, and the textures are relatively simple. Most of them use inkjet technology or dry particles, frits and other materials to form textures and patterns on the surface of the sintered stone slab. The monotonous decorative effect of these products has caused aesthetic fatigue among the public.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a ceramic slab that can enrich the decorative effect of its glaze without affecting the overall performance of the product. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a glazed decorative ceramic slab and its preparation method, wherein the ceramic slab has a realistic, richly colored, three-dimensional glazed decorative effect and excellent glaze mechanical properties.

[0006] The inventive concept of this invention is as follows: First, specific raw materials are melted to form colored glass fibers, and then applied to the surface of an inkjet-printed pattern using a mold according to decorative requirements; then, a transparent glaze is applied to form a three-dimensional colored pattern decorative effect, thereby producing a three-dimensional glazed decorative ceramic slab with simulated (such as imitation carpet, imitation embroidery, or imitation dandelion, etc.) and rich colors; at the same time, a specific heat treatment process is performed on the colored glass fibers to precipitate crystals with high mechanical strength, which not only enhances the three-dimensional effect of the product, but also helps to improve its wear resistance.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the first aspect of the present invention provides a glazed decorative ceramic slab, which comprises, from bottom to top, a body, a surface glaze layer, a patterned decorative layer, and a transparent glaze layer; the patterned decorative layer is formed by firing an inkjet pattern and colored glass fibers, wherein the chemical composition of the colored glass fibers, by weight percentage, includes: SiO2 50-65%, Al2O3 10-15%, Li2O2-4%, MgO 3-5%, ZnO 5-10%, Na2O 1-3%, B2O3 3-5%, TiO2 2-4%, CaF2 2-3%, and colorant 3-5%.

[0008] Specifically, this invention uses inkjet patterns and specific colored glass fibers as the decorative pattern layer of a ceramic slab. A transparent glaze is then applied to the surface of this decorative pattern layer, allowing the inkjet pattern, colored glass fibers, and transparent glaze to blend together, creating a richly colored, three-dimensional glaze decorative effect. This invention utilizes the filamentous characteristics of glass fibers to achieve a realistic three-dimensional effect. Furthermore, because the glass fibers contain ZnO and TiO2, they act as nucleating agents. After heat treatment, opaque, high-strength glass fibers are formed, creating a three-dimensional decorative effect with the transparent glaze while also improving the mechanical properties of the transparent glaze layer.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the diameter of the colored glass wire is 20-30 μm, and the aspect ratio is 500-1000:1. The diameter and aspect ratio of the glass wire can be selected and adjusted according to the decorative effect of the pattern.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the preparation process of the colored glass wire is as follows: the raw materials for preparing colored glass wire are mixed, melted and made into glass wire, cooled, and then the glass wire is heat-treated to obtain the finished product.

[0011] Preferably, the melting temperature is 1400-1500℃.

[0012] Preferably, the melting time is 30-40 minutes.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the temperature regime of the heat treatment is as follows: first, the temperature is increased to 580-640℃ at a heating rate of 6-8℃ / min and held for 50-60min; then, the temperature is increased to 800-850℃ at a heating rate of 2-5℃ / min and held for 100-120min.

[0014] Specifically, during the heat treatment process, the temperature is first raised to 580-640℃ at a relatively rapid rate and held for 50-60 minutes to allow the nucleating agents ZnO and TiO2 in the glass fiber to nucleate. Then, the temperature is raised to 800-850℃ at a relatively slow rate and held for 100-120 minutes to allow the nucleated crystals to grow. When the crystal particle size is larger than the wavelength of visible light, the glass fiber will become opaque and milky. During the later co-sintering with the transparent glaze, it will form a three-dimensional decorative effect and simultaneously improve the mechanical properties of the glaze surface.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above solution, the transparent glaze layer is formed by firing a transparent glaze. The chemical composition of the transparent glaze, by weight percentage, includes: SiO2 50-65%, Al2O3 10-15%, CaO 6-10%, MgO 3-5%, K2O 3-5%, Na2O 2-4%, ZnO 5-10%, B2O3 3-5%, and ZrO2 3-5%. The chemical composition of the transparent glaze of this invention is similar to that of glass fiber to prevent defects such as cracks and bubbles from appearing in the glaze layer.

[0016] Preferably, the colorant is an inorganic colorant.

[0017] More preferably, the inorganic colorant is selected from at least one of cobalt black, cobalt blue, cobalt green, titanium yellow, praseodymium yellow, iron oxide red, bismuth yellow, and titanium white. This invention does not have specific requirements for the colorant; colorants for ceramic glazes can be selected, primarily based on the decorative effect of the ceramic slab's pattern.

[0018] It should be noted that the glazed decorative ceramic slab of the present invention has no specific requirements for the body and glaze; the body and glaze of ordinary ceramic slabs can be used.

[0019] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned glazed decorative ceramic slab, comprising the following steps:

[0020] A surface glaze is applied sequentially to the unglazed body, followed by spray printing of a pattern, application of colored glass fibers, and application of a transparent glaze to form a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer, a decorative layer, and a transparent glaze layer. The unglazed body is then fired in a kiln to obtain the glazed ceramic slab.

[0021] Preferably, the firing temperature is 1200-1300℃.

[0022] Preferably, the firing cycle is 90-120 minutes.

[0023] Preferably, after firing in the kiln, the process also includes polishing and waxing.

[0024] Preferably, the colored glass fibers are applied using a mold to create the desired pattern.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solution of the present invention has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0026] (1) The present invention uses inkjet patterns and specific colored glass fibers together as the pattern decoration layer of ceramic rock slabs, and applies transparent glaze to the surface of the pattern decoration layer, so that the inkjet patterns, colored glass fibers and transparent glaze are integrated with each other, and a three-dimensional glaze decoration effect with simulation (such as imitation carpet, imitation embroidery or imitation thin dandelion, etc.) and rich colors is prepared.

[0027] (2) The present invention adds a certain amount of nucleating agent (ZnO and TiO2) to the raw materials for preparing glass fiber and performs post-heat treatment on the glass fiber to make it emulsified; after being sintered with transparent glaze, it not only enhances the three-dimensional decorative effect of the product, but also greatly improves the wear resistance of the transparent glaze layer. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to embodiments to facilitate understanding of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is particularly important to note that the embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention. Non-essential improvements and adjustments made to the invention by those skilled in the art based on the above description should still fall within the scope of protection of the invention. Furthermore, all raw materials mentioned below, unless otherwise specified, are commercially available products; all process steps or preparation methods not mentioned in detail are process steps or preparation methods known to those skilled in the art.

[0029] The blanks and glazes used in the following examples and comparative examples are all commercially available ceramic slab blanks and glazes.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A ceramic slab with glaze decoration comprises, from bottom to top, a body, a glaze layer, a pattern decoration layer, and a transparent glaze layer; wherein: the pattern decoration layer is made of inkjet pattern and colored glass wire, the colored glass wire has a diameter of 25μm and an aspect ratio of 1000:1; the transparent glaze layer is made of transparent glaze.

[0032] The chemical composition of the colored glass fiber by weight percentage includes: SiO2 58.5%, Al2O3 12.5%, Li2O3 3%, MgO 4%, ZnO 7%, Na2O 3%, B2O3 4%, TiO2 2.6%, CaF2 2.4%, praseodymium yellow 1%, and titanium dioxide 2%.

[0033] The chemical composition of the transparent glaze, by weight percentage, includes: SiO2 58.5%, Al2O3 10%, CaO 8%, MgO 1.5%, K2O 3.5%, Na2O 3%, B2O3 4%, ZnO 8%, and ZrO2 3.5%.

[0034] The preparation process of the colored glass filament is as follows: First, weigh the raw materials for preparing the colored glass filament according to the mass ratio, add them to a mortar, and grind for 30 minutes; then pour the ground powder into a tray and dry it in a 70℃ oven for 10 hours; then melt the dried powder into a glass liquid at 1400℃ and keep it at that temperature for 40 minutes, then use a wire drawing machine to draw the glass liquid into glass filaments with the required diameter and aspect ratio, and cool it to room temperature; finally, heat treat the glass filaments to obtain opaque colored glass fiber filaments.

[0035] The heat treatment temperature regime is as follows: first, the temperature is increased to 620℃ at a rate of 8℃ / min and held for 60min; then, the temperature is increased to 830℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min and held for 120min.

[0036] A method for preparing a glazed decorative ceramic slab includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) Spray-dried green body powder is placed at the bottom of the press and pressed into shape to obtain a green body;

[0038] (2) Apply a surface glaze, spray print a pattern, apply colored glass fiber (carpet pattern) through a mold cloth and apply a transparent glaze to the blank obtained in step (1) in sequence to form a surface glaze layer, a pattern decoration layer and a transparent glaze layer in sequence. Then, fire it in a kiln at 1200℃ for 100 minutes to obtain a semi-finished product.

[0039] (3) Polish and wax the semi-finished product obtained in step (2) to obtain the ceramic rock slab with carpet-like glaze decoration effect in this embodiment.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A ceramic slab with glaze decoration comprises, from bottom to top, a body, a surface glaze layer, a pattern decoration layer, and a transparent glaze layer; wherein: the pattern decoration layer is made of inkjet pattern and colored glass wire, the colored glass wire has a diameter of 20μm and an aspect ratio of 1000:1; the transparent glaze layer is made of transparent glaze.

[0042] The chemical composition of the colored glass filaments, by weight percentage, includes: SiO2 53.5%, Al2O3 13.5%, Li2O3 3%, MgO 4%, ZnO 9%, Na2O 3%, B2O3 4%, TiO2 3%, CaF2 3%, cobalt black 1%, cobalt blue 1%, titanium yellow 0.5%, iron oxide red 0.5%, and titanium white 1%.

[0043] The chemical composition of the transparent glaze, by weight percentage, includes: SiO2 58.5%, Al2O3 10%, CaO 8%, MgO 1.5%, K2O 3.5%, Na2O 3%, B2O3 4%, ZnO 8%, and ZrO2 3.5%.

[0044] The preparation process of the colored glass filament is as follows: First, weigh the raw materials for preparing the colored glass filament according to the mass ratio, add them to a mortar, and grind for 30 minutes; then pour the ground powder into a tray and dry it in a 70℃ oven for 10 hours; then melt the dried powder into a glass liquid at 1450℃ and keep it at that temperature for 40 minutes, then use a wire drawing machine to draw the glass liquid into glass filaments with the required diameter and aspect ratio, and cool it to room temperature; finally, heat treat the glass filaments to obtain opaque colored glass fiber filaments.

[0045] The heat treatment temperature regime is as follows: first, the temperature is increased to 580℃ at a rate of 6℃ / min and held for 50min; then, the temperature is increased to 800℃ at a rate of 4℃ / min and held for 100min.

[0046] A method for preparing a glazed decorative ceramic slab includes the following steps:

[0047] (1) Spray-dried green body powder is placed at the bottom of the press and pressed into shape to obtain a green body;

[0048] (2) Apply a surface glaze, spray print a pattern, apply colored glass fiber (imitating embroidery pattern) through a mold and apply a transparent glaze on the blank obtained in step (1) in sequence to form a surface glaze layer, a pattern decoration layer and a transparent glaze layer in sequence. Then, fire it in a kiln at 1250℃ for 90 minutes to obtain a semi-finished product.

[0049] (3) Polish and wax the semi-finished product obtained in step (2) to obtain the ceramic rock slab with the embroidery-like glaze decoration effect of this embodiment.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A ceramic slab with glaze decoration comprises, from bottom to top, a body, a surface glaze layer, a pattern decoration layer, and a transparent glaze layer; wherein: the pattern decoration layer is made of inkjet pattern and colored glass wire, the colored glass wire has a diameter of 30μm and an aspect ratio of 1000:1; the transparent glaze layer is made of transparent glaze.

[0052] The chemical composition of the colored glass filament by weight percentage includes: SiO2 62%, Al2O3 14%, Li2O 2%, MgO 3%, ZnO 5%, Na2O 2%, B2O3 3%, TiO2 2%, CaF2 2%, titanium dioxide 3%, and cobalt green 2%.

[0053] The chemical composition of the transparent glaze, by weight percentage, includes: SiO2 58.5%, Al2O3 10%, CaO 8%, MgO 1.5%, K2O 3.5%, Na2O 3%, B2O3 4%, ZnO 8%, and ZrO2 3.5%.

[0054] The preparation process of the colored glass filament is as follows: First, weigh the raw materials for preparing the colored glass filament according to the mass ratio, add them to a mortar, and grind for 30 minutes; then pour the ground powder into a tray and dry it in a 70℃ oven for 10 hours; then melt the dried powder into a glass liquid at 1450℃ and keep it at that temperature for 40 minutes, then use a wire drawing machine to draw the glass liquid into glass filaments with the required diameter and aspect ratio, and cool it to room temperature; finally, heat treat the glass filaments to obtain opaque colored glass fiber filaments.

[0055] The heat treatment temperature regime is as follows: first, the temperature is increased to 640℃ at a rate of 7℃ / min and held for 60min; then, the temperature is increased to 850℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and held for 120min.

[0056] A method for preparing a glazed decorative ceramic slab includes the following steps:

[0057] (1) Spray-dried green body powder is placed at the bottom of the press and pressed into shape to obtain a green body;

[0058] (2) Apply a surface glaze, spray print a pattern, apply colored glass fiber (imitating dandelion pattern) through a mold and apply a transparent glaze on the blank obtained in step (1) in sequence to form a surface glaze layer, a pattern decoration layer and a transparent glaze layer in sequence. Then, fire it in a kiln at 1250℃ for 120 minutes to obtain a semi-finished product.

[0059] (3) Polish and wax the semi-finished product obtained in step (2) to obtain the ceramic rock slab with dandelion-like glaze decoration effect in this embodiment.

[0060] Comparative Example 1

[0061] A ceramic slab with glazed decoration comprises, from bottom to top, a body, a glaze layer, an inkjet pattern layer, and a transparent glaze layer; wherein the transparent glaze layer is made by firing a transparent glaze.

[0062] The chemical composition of the transparent glaze, by weight percentage, includes: SiO2 58.5%, Al2O3 10%, CaO 8%, MgO 1.5%, K2O 3.5%, Na2O 3%, B2O3 4%, ZnO 8%, and ZrO2 3.5%.

[0063] A method for preparing a glazed decorative ceramic slab includes the following steps:

[0064] (1) Spray-dried green body powder is placed at the bottom of the press and pressed into shape to obtain a green body;

[0065] (2) Apply a surface glaze, a spray-printed pattern and a transparent glaze to the blank obtained in step (1) in sequence to form a surface glaze layer, an inkjet pattern layer and a transparent glaze layer in sequence. Then, fire it in a kiln at 1200℃ for 100 minutes to obtain a semi-finished product.

[0066] (3) Polish and wax the semi-finished product obtained in step (2) to obtain the ceramic rock slab with the glaze decoration effect of the comparison.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] A type of glazed decorative ceramic slab, comprising, from bottom to top, a body, a glaze layer, an inkjet pattern layer, and a dry granule layer; wherein: the dry granule glaze layer is made by firing dry granules.

[0069] The chemical composition of the dry granules by weight percentage includes: SiO2 58.4%, Al2O3 19.5%, Fe2O3 0.1%, CaO 7%, MgO 2%, K2O 4%, Na2O 1%, B2O3 4%, ZnO 1%, and ZrO2 3%.

[0070] A method for preparing a glazed decorative ceramic slab includes the following steps:

[0071] (1) Spray-dried green body powder is placed at the bottom of the press and pressed into shape to obtain a green body;

[0072] (2) Apply surface glaze, spray print pattern and apply dry granules to the blank obtained in step (1) in sequence to form surface glaze layer, inkjet pattern layer and dry granule layer in sequence. Then fire it in a kiln at 1200℃ for 100 minutes to obtain semi-finished product.

[0073] (3) Polish and wax the semi-finished product obtained in step (2) to obtain the ceramic rock slab with the glaze decoration effect of the comparison.

[0074] Comparative Example 3

[0075] A ceramic slab with glaze decoration comprises, from bottom to top, a body, a surface glaze layer, a pattern decoration layer, and a transparent glaze layer; wherein: the pattern decoration layer is made of inkjet pattern and colored glass wire, the colored glass wire has a diameter of 20μm and an aspect ratio of 1000:1; the transparent glaze layer is made of transparent glaze.

[0076] The chemical composition of the colored glass fiber by weight percentage includes: SiO2 58.5%, Al2O3 12.5%, Li2O3 3%, MgO 4%, ZnO 7%, Na2O 3%, B2O3 4%, TiO2 2.6%, CaF2 2.4%, praseodymium yellow 1%, and titanium dioxide 2%.

[0077] The chemical composition of the transparent glaze, by weight percentage, includes: SiO2 58.5%, Al2O3 10%, CaO 8%, MgO 1.5%, K2O 3.5%, Na2O 3%, B2O3 4%, ZnO 8%, and ZrO2 3.5%.

[0078] The preparation process of the colored glass filament is as follows: First, weigh the raw materials for preparing the colored glass filament according to the mass ratio, add them to a mortar, and grind for 30 minutes; then pour the ground powder into a tray and put it into a 70℃ oven to dry for 10 hours; then melt the dried powder into a glass liquid at 1400℃, and keep it at that temperature for 40 minutes. Then, use a wire drawing machine to draw the glass liquid into glass filaments with the required diameter and aspect ratio, and cool it to room temperature to obtain opaque colored glass fiber filaments.

[0079] A method for preparing a glazed decorative ceramic slab includes the following steps:

[0080] (1) Spray-dried green body powder is placed at the bottom of the press and pressed into shape to obtain a green body;

[0081] (2) Apply a surface glaze, spray print a pattern, apply colored glass fiber (carpet pattern) through a mold cloth and apply a transparent glaze to the blank obtained in step (1) in sequence to form a surface glaze layer, a pattern decoration layer and a transparent glaze layer in sequence. Then, fire it in a kiln at 1200℃ for 100 minutes to obtain a semi-finished product.

[0082] (3) Polish and wax the semi-finished product obtained in step (2) to obtain the ceramic rock slab with carpet-like glaze decoration effect in this embodiment.

[0083] Performance testing

[0084] The ceramic slab samples obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to relevant performance tests. The wear resistance was tested according to the ceramic tile standard GB / T 4100-2015, and the glaze effect was visually inspected. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0085] Table 1. Performance Test Comparison of Various Embodiments and Comparative Examples

[0086] sample Glazed effect wear resistance Example 1 It has a carpet-like glazed finish and a three-dimensional pattern. Level 5 Example 2 It has an embroidered glaze effect and the pattern is three-dimensional. Level 5 Example 3 It has a dandelion-like glaze effect and a three-dimensional pattern. Level 5 Comparative Example 1 The glaze has a flat carpet pattern and lacks a three-dimensional feel. Level 3 Comparative Example 2 The glaze has a flat carpet pattern and lacks a three-dimensional feel. Level 3 Comparative Example 3 The glaze has a flat carpet pattern and lacks a three-dimensional feel. Level 3

[0087] As shown in Table 1, the ceramic slabs prepared in Examples 1-3 all achieved a simulated glaze effect with three-dimensional patterns (such as imitation carpet, imitation embroidery, and imitation dandelion), and all achieved a wear resistance level of 5. However, compared to Example 1, Comparative Examples 1-3, due to the absence of colored glass fibers, the use of conventional dry granules, and the lack of heat treatment processes, respectively, failed to obtain ceramic slabs with three-dimensional patterns, and the wear resistance of the products was also significantly reduced.

[0088] For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the inventive concept, without requiring creative effort. Therefore, any simple improvements made to this invention by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of this invention should be within the scope of protection of this invention. The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of this invention, and all processes similar to this invention and equivalent changes should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A glazed decorative ceramic slab, characterized in that, From bottom to top, it includes a body, a surface glaze layer, a patterned decorative layer, and a transparent glaze layer; the patterned decorative layer is made of inkjet pattern and colored glass fibers, and the chemical composition of the colored glass fibers, by weight percentage, includes: SiO2 50-65%, Al2O3 10-15%, Li2O 2-4%, MgO 3-5%, ZnO 5-10%, Na2O 1-3%, B2O3 3-5%, TiO2 2-4%, CaF2 2-3%, and colorant 3-5%; The preparation process of the colored glass fiber is as follows: the raw materials for preparing colored glass fiber are mixed, melted and made into glass fiber, cooled and then heat-treated to obtain the glass fiber. The temperature regime for the heat treatment is as follows: first, the temperature is increased to 580-640℃ at a rate of 6-8℃ / min and held for 50-60min; then, the temperature is increased to 800-850℃ at a rate of 2-5℃ / min and held for 100-120min. The transparent glaze layer is formed by firing a transparent glaze; the chemical composition of the transparent glaze, by weight percentage, includes: SiO2 50-65%, Al2O3 10-15%, CaO 6-10%, MgO 3-5%, K2O 3-5%, Na2O 2-4%, ZnO 5-10%, B2O3 3-5%, ZrO2 3-5%.

2. The glazed decorative ceramic slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The colored glass filament has a diameter of 20-30 μm and an aspect ratio of 500-1000:

1.

3. The glazed decorative ceramic slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melting temperature is 1400-1500℃, and the melting time is 30-40 minutes.

4. The glazed decorative ceramic slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The colorant is an inorganic pigment.

5. A method for preparing a glazed decorative ceramic slab as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A surface glaze is applied sequentially to the unglazed body, followed by spray printing of a pattern, application of colored glass fibers, and application of a transparent glaze, forming a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer, a decorative layer, and a transparent glaze layer in sequence. The unglazed body is then fired in a kiln to obtain the glazed decorative ceramic slab.

6. The method for preparing glazed decorative ceramic slabs according to claim 5, characterized in that, The firing temperature is 1200-1300℃, and the firing cycle is 90-120 minutes.

7. The method for preparing glazed decorative ceramic slabs according to claim 5, characterized in that, After firing in the kiln, the process also includes polishing and waxing.