Building elastic shock insulation waterproof batten and construction method

Abstract

This invention provides an elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip for buildings and its construction method. The elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is installed at horizontal isolation joints. Through its elastic deformation under compression, it achieves an elastic connection between the upper and lower structures of the seismic isolation layer, replacing the seismic isolation function of the horizontal isolation joint. The water-swellable material of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip also provides waterproofing and sealing functions for the isolation joint, thus providing seismic isolation and waterproofing for the building. The construction method includes: installing the embedded plate of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip after binding the reinforcing mesh on the lower surface of the isolation joint; supporting the formwork on both sides of the embedded plate; pouring concrete into the embedded plate through pre-drilled holes; checking for concrete overflow at the vent holes of the embedded plate during vibration compaction to ensure a dense and void-free structure; installing the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip after solidification; subsequently supporting the upper seismic isolation layer of the horizontal isolation joint and the top formwork of the seismic isolation trench; and pouring concrete to construct the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer. This invention features good seismic isolation and waterproofing effect, convenient construction, and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building seismic isolation, and more particularly to an elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip for buildings and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information relating to this disclosure and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon that cannot be avoided by human society. In order to improve the earthquake resistance and disaster prevention capabilities of construction projects, reduce the risk of earthquake disasters, and protect the safety of people's lives and property, many buildings have adopted seismic reduction and seismic isolation designs.

[0004] Seismic isolation buildings utilize seismic isolation technology to install seismic isolation devices at the base or a specific location of the building to form a seismic isolation layer. This isolates the superstructure from the foundation, thereby dissipating seismic energy and preventing or reducing its transmission upwards. This more effectively protects the safety of the superstructure, internal personnel, and equipment, and increases the building's ability to continue to be used after an earthquake.

[0005] Horizontal isolation joints are gaps set between the isolation layer or the outer retaining wall of a seismically isolated building and the superstructure. They are designed to prevent damage caused by impacts between different parts of the building during an earthquake, and are generally about 2 centimeters high. In existing technology, the isolation joints between the superstructure and foundation of seismically isolated buildings are often exposed, which can easily lead to many adverse effects. Sand, gravel, and debris can intrude, increasing friction between the superstructure and foundation during an earthquake, reducing the isolation effect. Rainwater intrusion and air and moisture convection can also occur. This can accelerate the aging of the isolation bearings, affect the building's aesthetics, and during construction, it is easy to mistakenly fill the isolation joints with bricks, stones, or mortar, causing the upper and lower isolation layers to become one, thus reducing or eliminating the seismic isolation effect of the building, and ultimately harming the superstructure and even the entire building structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides an elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip for buildings and a construction method thereof. The seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is placed in a horizontal isolation joint. Through the compression and elastic deformation of the strip, it achieves a tight fit with the upper and lower structures of the seismic isolation layer and the seismic isolation function of the horizontal isolation joint. A water-swellable material layer achieves waterproofing and sealing of the horizontal isolation joint, thus providing better seismic isolation and waterproofing for the building.

[0007] The technical solution for achieving the objective of this invention is as follows:

[0008] On one hand, the present invention provides a building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip, which is applied to a seismically isolated building. The seismically isolated building has at least one horizontal isolation joint, and the building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip is disposed in the horizontal isolation joint. The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip includes: a seismic isolation and waterproof strip disposed in the horizontal isolation joint, a water-swellable material layer disposed on the seismic isolation and waterproof strip, a cavity structure formed in the seismic isolation and waterproof strip, and an adhesive layer that fixes the seismic isolation and waterproof strip between the upper surface of the seismic isolation trench retaining wall and the lower surface of the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer corresponding to the horizontal isolation joint.

[0009] The cavity structure includes several open cavities, which are arranged sequentially along the width of the vibration isolation and waterproof strip.

[0010] The water-swellable material layer and the adhesive layer are applied from one end surface to the other end surface along the length of the vibration-isolated and waterproof strip.

[0011] This invention uses vibration-damping and waterproof strips that can satisfy both the isolation performance and waterproofing function of horizontal isolation joints.

[0012] Based on one aspect, in one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip includes a rubber elastomer or a rubber-plastic polyurethane elastomer; the seismic isolation and waterproof strip has a vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement in the vertical direction of the horizontal isolation joint, and the seismic isolation and waterproof strip has a lateral shear deformation displacement in the transverse direction of the horizontal isolation joint; after generating the vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement and / or the lateral shear deformation displacement, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip elastically self-resets; and when generating the vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement and / or the lateral shear deformation displacement, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip is always in close contact with the upper seismic isolation layer and the lower isolation layer forming the horizontal isolation joint.

[0013] This invention uses a rubber elastomeric body or a rubber-plastic polyurethane elastomeric body with a circular or rectangular cavity structure to replace the horizontal isolation joint, which can both meet the relevant seismic isolation design parameters and achieve seismic isolation and waterproofing functions.

[0014] Based on one aspect, in one embodiment of the present invention, the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer is fixedly connected to the seismic isolation and waterproof strip through an adhesive layer;

[0015] The upper structure of the seismic isolation layer is formed above the seismic isolation and waterproof strips through a cast-in-place concrete process, and the seismic isolation and waterproof strips are fixedly connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer through an adhesive layer.

[0016] The adhesive layer includes a self-adhesive strip disposed on the elastic vibration isolation and waterproof strip, a lower embedded plate, an upper embedded plate, and an embedded plate bolt assembly.

[0017] This invention connects the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer to the seismic isolation and waterproof strips via an adhesive layer. The upper structure of the seismic isolation layer is then cast using a cast-in-place concrete process. At locations where horizontal isolation joints are intended in seismically isolated buildings, elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strips are used to replace them. Replacing the horizontal isolation joints with elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strips satisfies relevant seismic isolation design parameters, achieves seismic isolation and waterproofing functions, and improves construction quality and efficiency.

[0018] Based on one aspect, in one embodiment of the present invention, isolation joint baffles are provided on one or both sides of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip, and the isolation joint baffles realize the fire prevention and decoration of the seismic isolation building;

[0019] The seismic isolation and waterproof strip is closely attached to the upper and lower structures of the seismic isolation layer corresponding to the horizontal isolation joint, and the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip, and the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer are connected into a sealed elastic connector.

[0020] Based on this aspect, in one embodiment of the present invention, a seismic isolation support is further provided between the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer and the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer;

[0021] The seismic isolation bearing is located beside the seismic isolation and waterproof strip. The seismic isolation bearing consumes more than 60% of the seismic force during an earthquake and transmits more than 10% of the seismic force to the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer.

[0022] When an earthquake occurs, the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strips convert part of the seismic energy into heat energy through elastic deformation, consuming less than 5% of the seismic force. The resulting damping force reduces building sway and improves seismic performance. In the design and construction of seismic isolation buildings, the cost can be reduced by decreasing the amount of dampers used in the upper seismic isolation layer.

[0023] Based on one aspect, in one embodiment of the present invention, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip includes: a seismic isolation and waterproof strip body with a plurality of perforated cavities, and at least two reinforcing plates embedded in the upper and lower surfaces of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip body; the seismic isolation and waterproof strip is integrally formed and can be used directly on the construction site; or, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip is divided into multiple segments and processed in a factory, and the segmented seismic isolation and waterproof strips are connected into one piece by rubber vulcanization; or, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip is divided into multiple segments and processed in a factory, and the segmented seismic isolation and waterproof strips are connected into one piece by hot melting or adhesive.

[0024] This invention strengthens the seismic isolation and waterproof strip by embedding reinforcing plates into the waterproof strip body. It is applicable when the upper structure and the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer are in a large relative position. The seismic isolation and waterproof strip composed of reinforcing plates embedded in the waterproof strip body can improve the seismic resistance of the building.

[0025] Based on one aspect, in one embodiment of the present invention, multiple reinforcing plates are embedded in the waterproof membrane body along the thickness direction of the waterproof membrane body;

[0026] At least one row of openings is made between the two reinforcing plates.

[0027] When the height of the horizontal isolation joint is greater than 5 cm, the structure formed by one or more reinforcing plates in the middle of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip is used to increase the strength, thereby improving the compressive and shear resistance and keeping the displacement of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip within a safe range, thus playing a role in isolating and protecting the building.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, a baffle for covering the horizontal isolation joint is provided on the outer side of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip, and the baffle is fixedly connected to the upper structure or the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer.

[0029] Based on one aspect, in one embodiment of the present invention, a water-swellable material layer is fixed to the upper surface of the vibration-damping and waterproof strip;

[0030] When the water-swellable material layer comes into contact with water, its volume expands beyond the surface of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip, eliminating gaps at the top or bottom of the horizontal isolation joint and preventing external water flow or seepage from entering the seismic isolation layer.

[0031] Based on one aspect, in one embodiment of the present invention, a side wing-shaped structure is provided on the outer side of the vibration isolation and waterproof strip corresponding to the outer edge of the horizontal isolation joint;

[0032] The wing-type structure is used to close horizontal isolation joints that are not pre-embedded with seismic isolation and waterproof strips during construction, and can also be used to upgrade the horizontal isolation joints of existing seismic isolation buildings.

[0033] In practical applications, when the seismic isolation and waterproof strips are applied to pre-reserved horizontal isolation joints, the seismic isolation and waterproof strips are inserted into the isolation joints. The protruding wing-shaped structures on both sides of the seismic isolation and waterproof strips are squeezed and deformed to achieve the sealing and waterproofing of the horizontal isolation joints.

[0034] The surface of the elastic vibration isolation waterproof membrane body is provided with at least one set of water-swellable waterproof surfaces;

[0035] The water-swellable waterproof surface is concave, and the concave direction of the water-swellable waterproof surface is from the surface of the waterproof membrane body towards the center.

[0036] It has multiple waterproof surfaces that expand upon contact with water;

[0037] Multiple water-swellable waterproof surfaces are set on two opposite surfaces of the waterproof board body, which is suitable for projects with high rainfall, frequent ground seepage, and adjacent drainage ditches and seismic isolation ditches.

[0038] On the other hand, the present invention provides a construction method for building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strips, comprising the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: During the construction of the lower seismic isolation layer, install the embedded plate and adhere the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip to the upper surface of the embedded plate. The elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip is located above the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench.

[0040] Step 2: After supporting the formwork on both sides of the horizontal isolation joint and the top of the seismic isolation trench, pour concrete to form the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer.

[0041] On the other hand, in one embodiment of the present invention, step one specifically includes:

[0042] The bottom surface of the elastic vibration isolation and waterproof strip is bonded with a self-adhesive strip as an adhesive layer;

[0043] Attach the self-adhesive strip to the upper surface of the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench.

[0044] On the other hand, in one embodiment of the present invention, step one specifically includes:

[0045] Fix reinforcing plates to both sides of the vibration isolation and waterproof strips;

[0046] The reinforcing plate is attached to the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench. Holes are drilled and the fasteners are tightened to fix the seismic isolation and waterproof strips to the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench.

[0047] On the other hand, in one embodiment of the present invention, by calculating and experimenting on the stress of the circular or rectangular cavity structure of the building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip and the matching of different materials with the seismic isolation performance of the elastic seismic isolation strip with horizontal isolation joint, the main technical points are as follows: vertical deformation critical bearing capacity, which includes: the bearing capacity before compression deformation when pressure is applied to the seismic isolation and waterproof strip, the bearing capacity of the elastic body and cavity structure in the deformed state after the seismic isolation and waterproof strip is compressed and deformed, and the vertical seismic bearing capacity of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip under rare earthquake action after the cavity structure in the applied pressure elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip disappears, so as to be suitable for the seismic fortification intensity of different regions and the seismic resistance requirements of different building structures;

[0048] The formula for calculating the bearing capacity of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip before compression deformation is formula (1):

[0049] Formula (1)

[0050] In formula (1), The building importance coefficient is not less than 1.1 when the building safety level is Level 1 and not less than 1.0 when the building safety level is Level 2. N represents the design value of the effect under the combined action of the building and the seismic isolation and waterproofing strips. For building load-bearing capacity; This refers to the seismic adjustment coefficient for the bearing capacity of structural members.

[0051] Among them, the formula for calculating the bearing capacity of the elastic body and cavity structure under deformation state after compression deformation of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip is formula (2):

[0052] Formula (2)

[0053] In formula (2), For building load-bearing capacity; This refers to the seismic adjustment coefficient for the bearing capacity of structural members. The effect (N) is the representative value of gravity load. This is a partial factor representing the representative value of gravity load; The effect (N) of the standard value of horizontal seismic action; For adjustment coefficients; For the horizontal seismic action partial factor; The effect of the standard value of vertical seismic action (N); For vertical seismic action partial factors; For wind load combination coefficient; among them, the formula for calculating the vertical seismic bearing capacity of the elastic seismic isolation waterproof strip under rare earthquake action after the hollow structure of the applied pressure elastic seismic isolation waterproof strip disappears is formula (3):

[0054] Formula (3)

[0055] In formula (3), For building load-bearing capacity; This is the seismic adjustment coefficient for bearing capacity; The effect (N) is the representative value of gravity load. This is a partial factor representing the representative value of gravity load; The effect of the standard value of horizontal seismic action; For the horizontal seismic action partial factor; This represents the effect of the standard value of vertical seismic action; This represents the partial factor for vertical seismic action.

[0056] This invention ensures that the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip does not deform during the construction of the seismic isolation layer in the seismic isolation building. During the building's use, as the height of the isolation joint changes due to foundation settlement and thermal expansion and contraction, it has sufficient elasticity to maintain an elastic connection between the upper and lower seismic isolation layers. During an earthquake, the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip provides sufficient isolation space for the upper seismic isolation layer through vertical compression deformation and horizontal shear deformation. The compressive elastic deformation displacement of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip in this invention refers to the positional change of a mass point from point A to point B. A mass point generally has a space to move from A to B. The compressive elastic deformation displacement is the amount of deformation displacement obtained by reducing the volume of the elastic body after applying pressure, thus changing the space to move. The displacement is achieved by changing the pressure or tension to reduce or increase the space. The compressive elastic deformation displacement AC = distance from A to B - distance from C to B. The formula for calculating the compressive elastic deformation displacement under seismic action is as follows:

[0057] Formula (4)

[0058] In formula (4), The maximum elastic inter-story displacement within a building caused by the standard value of the design earthquake action; This is the limit value for the elastic interlayer displacement angle; This refers to the floor height of a building.

[0059] The elastic compression deformation displacement of an elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip refers to the elastic compression deformation that occurs when the compressive force exceeds the critical deformation bearing capacity while performing seismic isolation functions. For example, the vertical compression deformation displacement AC of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is the difference between the height AB before vertical compression deformation and the height CD after compression deformation, which is the vertical displacement of the horizontal isolation joint. The elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip of this invention has elastic self-resetting capability. After undergoing vertical compression elastic deformation, transverse shear deformation, and irregular transverse and vertical composite deformation, the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip possesses elastic self-resetting capability.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0061] This invention places the seismic isolation and waterproof strips inside the horizontal isolation joint. The compression and elastic deformation of the seismic isolation and waterproof strips achieves a close fit with the upper and lower structures of the seismic isolation layer and the seismic isolation function of the horizontal isolation joint. The water-swellable material layer achieves waterproofing and sealing of the horizontal isolation joint, thus providing better seismic isolation and waterproofing for the building. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pre-embedded building structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip provided in the embodiments of the present invention is installed on the plane of the pre-embedded building. Figure 1 ;

[0064] Figure 3 The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip structure provided in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0065] Figure 4 The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip provided in the embodiments of the present invention is installed on the plane of the pre-embedded building. Figure 2 ;

[0066] Figure 5 The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip structure provided in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0067] Figure 6 The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip provided in the embodiments of the present invention is installed on the plane of the pre-embedded building. Figure 3 ;

[0068] Figure 7 The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip provided in the embodiments of the present invention is installed on the plane of the pre-embedded building. Figure 4 ;

[0069] Figure 8 The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip structure provided in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0070] Figure 9 The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip provided in the embodiments of the present invention is installed on the plane of the pre-embedded building. Figure 5 ;

[0071] Figure 10 The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip structure provided in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0072] Figure 11 A flowchart illustrating a multi-dimensional seismic isolation and waterproofing construction method for isolation joints, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the embedded plate structure in the building elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0074] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the embedded plate structure in the building elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0075] In the diagram, 100-Upper structure of the seismic isolation layer; 110-Cantilever beam; 200-Seismic isolation bearing; 300-Lower structure of the seismic isolation layer; 400-Seismic isolation trench; 500-Seismic isolation trench retaining wall; 600-Horizontal isolation joint; 700-Building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip; 1-Seismic isolation and waterproof strip; 11-Waterproof strip body; 12-Reinforcing plate; 13-Side wing structure; 2-Water-swellable material layer; 21-Concave surface; 3-Cavity structure; 4-Adhesive layer; 5-Temporary protective membrane; 6-Seismic isolation joint baffle; 7-Baffle fixing component; 8-Lower embedded plate; 9-Embedded plate bolt assembly; 10-Reserved hole; 15-Ventilation hole; 16-Side plate; 17-Upper embedded plate. Detailed Implementation

[0076] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Equivalent changes or substitutions in function, method, or structure made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0077] A horizontal isolation joint 600 is a gap set between the isolation layer or the outer retaining wall of the isolation layer and the superstructure of a seismically isolated building. It is designed to prevent damage caused by collisions between different parts of the building during an earthquake, and is generally about 2 centimeters high. In existing technology, the isolation joint between the superstructure and foundation of a seismically isolated building is often exposed, which can easily lead to many adverse effects. Sand, gravel, and debris can intrude, increasing friction between the superstructure and foundation during an earthquake, reducing the isolation effect. Rainwater intrusion and air and moisture convection can also occur. This can accelerate the aging of the isolation bearings 200, affect the building's aesthetics, and during construction, it is easy to mistakenly fill the isolation joint with bricks, stones, or mortar, causing the upper and lower isolation layers to become one, thus reducing or eliminating the seismic isolation effect of the building, and consequently harming the superstructure and even the entire building structure.

[0078] The vibration-damping and waterproof strip 1 of this embodiment of the invention, with Figure 1Taking the illustrated frame structure seismic isolation cross-section as an example, in the seismic isolation building, the gap between the top of the upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer, the seismic isolation bearing 200, the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer, the seismic isolation trench 400, the top of the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench 500, and the upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer is a horizontal isolation joint 600. After improving the structure and construction process of the isolation joint, the isolation joint is replaced with a seismic isolation waterproof strip 1. By using the seismic isolation waterproof strip 1, both the technical performance of the original isolation joint and the seismic isolation and waterproof functions of the isolation joint can be met. Replacing the horizontal isolation joint 600 with the seismic isolation waterproof strip 1 at the location where the horizontal isolation joint 600 is set in the seismic isolation building can meet the relevant seismic isolation design parameters, achieve the seismic isolation and waterproof functions, and improve construction quality and efficiency. The material of the seismic isolation waterproof strip 1 in this embodiment of the invention is an elastic material, which can also be a flexible material, such as polystyrene board, extruded polystyrene board, plastic foam materials, polyurethane foam materials, etc. Of course, the elastic material can also be a rubber elastomer or a rubber-plastic polyurethane elastomer.

[0079] The horizontal isolation joint 600 in this embodiment of the invention is a horizontal isolation joint set in a seismic isolation building. At the location where the horizontal isolation joint is set in the seismic isolation building, it is replaced by an elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip with functions such as elastic seismic displacement, waterproofing, fireproofing, and decoration. Its main performance includes: appropriate vertical bearing capacity, vertical compression elastic deformation of more than 1 mm, lateral shear deformation of more than 1 mm, and self-resetting function after deformation.

[0080] This invention achieves elastic connection and seismic isolation function between the upper and lower seismic isolation layers of a seismically isolated building through the compressive elastic deformation of elastic isolation and waterproof strips. Waterproofing is achieved through water-swellable materials. Fireproofing and decorative functions are provided at the building's isolation joints by installing isolation joint baffles on one or both sides of the elastic isolation and waterproof strips. A sealed elastic connection is formed at the horizontal isolation joints, preventing outdoor water, rainwater, dust, and debris from entering the building through the isolation joints. Furthermore, the elastic isolation and waterproof strips of this invention can automatically repair gaps caused by foundation settlement and thermal expansion and contraction of concrete. During an earthquake, the elastic isolation and waterproof strips can elastically deform with very small seismic forces, without hindering the movement of the isolation layer.

[0081] An embodiment of the present invention provides a construction method for a building elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip, comprising: Step 1, after the steel mesh is tied on the lower surface of the isolation joint, installing the embedded plate of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip, using measuring tools such as a level and theodolite to ensure that the elevation and position of the embedded plate meet the design requirements, supporting the formwork on both sides of the embedded plate, pouring concrete into the embedded plate through the reserved holes, checking whether the concrete overflows at the vent holes of the embedded plate during vibration compaction to ensure that it is dense and free of holes, cleaning the laitance on the embedded plate after the concrete has solidified, and installing the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip. With the advancement of technology, when the horizontal isolation joint is set wider, the vertical compression elastic deformation displacement of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip increases by more than 5 cm, and the upper embedded plate of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is installed; when the vertical compression elastic deformation displacement of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip increases by less than 5 cm, the lower embedded plate is installed; when the vertical compression elastic deformation displacement of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip increases by about 2 cm, the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is directly installed. Step 2: Support the formwork of the upper isolation layer of the horizontal isolation joint and the top of the isolation trench, and pour concrete to carry out the construction of the upper structure of the isolation layer.

[0082] The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strips of this invention are mainly produced using materials and processes such as elastic materials, circular or rectangular cavity structures, water-swellable materials, adhesive protective materials, and hardware connectors.

[0083] Please see Figures 1 to 10 This invention provides a building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip, which is applied to a seismically isolated building. The seismically isolated building has at least one horizontal isolation joint 600, and the building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip is disposed in the horizontal isolation joint 600. The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip includes: a seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 disposed in the horizontal isolation joint 600, a water-swellable material layer 2 disposed on the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, a cavity structure 3 formed in the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, and an adhesive layer 4 between the upper surface of the seismic isolation trench retaining wall 500 and the lower surface of the upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer corresponding to the horizontal isolation joint 600, the cavity structure 3 including a plurality of open cavities arranged sequentially along the width direction of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1; the water-swellable material layer 2 and the adhesive layer are disposed from one end surface to the other end surface along the length direction of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1.

[0084] The elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing board of this invention includes a rubber or rubber-plastic polyurethane elastomeric body, a water-swellable material layer 2, a circular or rectangular cavity structure 3, a temporary protective membrane, and self-adhesive strips. During construction, the temporary protective membrane is removed, and the seismic isolation and waterproofing board strip 1 is bonded and fixed to the lower seismic isolation layer by applying structural adhesive strips or applying structural adhesive to the installation area. (If self-adhesive strips are not used, structural adhesive is applied to the installation area during construction to bond and fix the seismic isolation and waterproofing board strip 1 to the lower seismic isolation layer.) The formwork on both sides of the horizontal isolation joint 600 is supported, and the upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer is poured with concrete. After the concrete reaches its strength, the formwork is removed, and the basic setting of the isolation joint is completed. The upper part is the upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer, the middle part is the seismic isolation and waterproofing board strip 1, and the lower part is the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer. The ground part of the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer is usually an outdoor drainage ditch, connecting corridor, or green belt.

[0085] This invention utilizes a seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 to satisfy both the isolation performance and waterproofing function of the horizontal isolation joint 600. This invention employs a building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 with functions including elastic seismic displacement, waterproofing, fireproofing, and decoration at the horizontal isolation joint 600. At the horizontal isolation joint 600 of the seismic-isolated building, a seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is installed with appropriate vertical bearing capacity (set according to the gravity during concrete pouring), a vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement of 1 mm or more, a lateral shear deformation displacement of 1 mm or more, and an elastic self-resetting function after deformation. Through the compressive elastic deformation of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, a tight fit is achieved between the upper structure 100 and the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer, as well as the seismic isolation function of the building isolation joint. This invention achieves waterproofing and sealing of the horizontal isolation joint 600 through a water-swellable material layer 2. Fireproofing and decorative functions of the building isolation joint are achieved by installing isolation joint baffles 6 on one or both sides of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1. The seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 can form a sealed elastic connection between the upper structure 100 and the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer, preventing dust, debris, water, etc., from entering the interior. It also prevents gaps caused by foundation settlement, thermal expansion and contraction of concrete, and building deflection.

[0086] In this embodiment of the invention, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is a hollow structure rubber elastomeric body or rubber-plastic polyurethane elastomeric body, and the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is an elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip; the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 has vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement in the vertical direction of the horizontal isolation joint 600, and seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 has lateral shear deformation displacement in the lateral direction of the horizontal isolation joint 600. After generating vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement and / or lateral shear deformation displacement, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 elastically self-resets, and when generating vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement and / or lateral shear deformation displacement, it is always in close contact with the upper seismic isolation layer and the lower isolation layer forming the horizontal isolation joint 600. Replacing the horizontal isolation joint with an elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip allows for vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement. The strip also exhibits lateral shear deformation displacement at the horizontal isolation joint. After generating vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement and / or lateral shear deformation displacement, the strip elastically self-resets. Compared to existing horizontal isolation joints, the elastic seismic isolation strip provides better seismic isolation performance. This invention, when replacing the seismic isolation joint, functions as a building formwork, provides elastic deformation, and is installed by positioning and fixing with embedded plates or by bonding with the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer. The upper structure of the seismic isolation layer is formed above the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip using a cast-in-place concrete process. The elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip is flexibly connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer through the damping force generated by the expansion of its own elastic, water-swellable material.

[0087] Current seismic isolation building construction techniques involve creating a gap of approximately 2 cm around the seismic isolation layer, such as above the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench in frame-shear wall structures, at the bottom of the cantilever beam 110 at the building entrance, and between the upper and lower seismic isolation layers. During an earthquake, when the lower structure of the building vibrates, most of the seismic force is absorbed by the seismic isolation bearing 200, while a portion is transmitted to the upper structure through the seismic isolation bearing 200, causing horizontal movement in the upper structure. This 2 cm high horizontal isolation joint 600 between the upper and lower seismic isolation layers is effective in the event of earthquakes of magnitude 8 or lower. To ensure the normal seismic isolation displacement of the superstructure, the building must remain in a healthy state after an earthquake. If the horizontal isolation joint 600 is filled with concrete during construction, or if the gaps in the horizontal isolation joint 600 are filled with stones or debris from the outside during use, the superstructure cannot achieve normal seismic isolation displacement during an earthquake. When the lower structure vibrates, the seismic force transmitted to the superstructure will increase, causing damage to the building. The building may become unusable after an earthquake, and the construction process is cumbersome, inefficient, and difficult to guarantee quality. The seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 of this invention is applied to the horizontal isolation joint 600 of a seismically isolated building to achieve isolation between the superstructure and the lower structure. This replaces the current horizontal isolation joint 600 structure and construction method. Replacing the current isolation joint structure and construction method with the building's elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip will greatly improve construction efficiency and quality while reducing construction costs. More specifically, the horizontal isolation joint 600 is replaced with a seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1. That is, an elastomeric body 3 with appropriate vertical bearing capacity, a vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement of 1 mm or more, and a lateral shear elastic deformation displacement of 1 mm or more is installed at the gap where the horizontal isolation joint 600 is set. This replaces the gap of the horizontal isolation joint 600 to prevent the horizontal isolation joint 600 from being filled with concrete during construction or from being filled with stones or garbage from the outside during the use of the building. In the event of an earthquake, the superstructure of the building will not be able to achieve normal seismic isolation displacement, which will cause damage to the building. This invention embodiment utilizes the elastic deformation of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 to ensure close contact between the upper structure 100 and the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer; achieves waterproofing of the horizontal isolation joint 600 through the water-swellable material layer 2 in the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1; and realizes the seismic isolation function of the original building's horizontal isolation joint 600 through the vertical compressive elastic deformation and lateral shear elastic deformation displacement of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1. It also adds waterproofing, fireproofing, and decorative functions to the horizontal isolation joint 600, as well as normal displacement and self-resetting function after an earthquake.

[0088] In this embodiment of the invention, a rubber elastomeric body or a rubber-plastic polyurethane elastomeric body with a circular or rectangular cavity structure is used to replace the horizontal isolation joint 600, which can both meet the relevant seismic isolation design parameters and achieve seismic isolation and waterproofing functions. The seismic isolation and waterproofing strip 1 in this embodiment of the invention replaces the horizontal isolation joint 600 at the gap position of the horizontal isolation joint 600 in a newly built building or an existing seismic isolation building.

[0089] When the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 of this embodiment of the invention is installed on the upper part of the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench, the building seismic isolation layer is generally a continuous seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 layer, that is, an integral elastic seismic isolation and waterproof layer is formed in the middle of the upper structure 100 and the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer. Due to the different functions of the seismic isolation buildings, the position of the horizontal isolation joint 600 will be different. At the position of the horizontal isolation joint 600, the continuous seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is installed. Due to the different functions of the seismic isolation buildings, different buildings may form different shapes of annular horizontal isolation joints 600 or strip-shaped horizontal isolation joints 600. Regardless of the shape of the building isolation joint, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 must match the shape of the building isolation joint.

[0090] It should be noted that, regarding the production of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 in this embodiment of the invention, for the use of the continuously continuous seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, the first option is to produce it as a whole in the factory and use it directly on the construction site. The second option is to produce it in sections and connect the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, which is mainly made of rubber, on the construction site by rubber vulcanization. There should be no gaps at the overlaps, and the external dimensions should be consistent. The third option is to produce it in sections and connect the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, which is mainly made of rubber, plastic, and polyurethane, on the construction site by hot-melt or adhesive. At the isolation joints, an integral elastic seismic isolation layer is formed. Non-circular elastic seismic isolation and waterproof isolation layers, corresponding to the upper structure 100 and the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer, are set in outdoor staircases, passages, etc.

[0091] In this embodiment of the invention, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is provided with an isolation joint baffle 6 on one or both sides. The isolation joint baffle 6 realizes fire prevention and decoration of the seismic isolation building. The seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is closely attached to the upper structure 100 and the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer corresponding to the horizontal isolation joint 600, and the upper structure 100, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, and the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer are connected into a sealed elastic connection.

[0092] In this embodiment of the invention, the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer is connected to the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 via an adhesive layer 4. The upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer is then poured using a cast-in-place concrete process. At the location where the horizontal isolation joint 600 is set in the seismic-isolated building, the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is used instead. Replacing the horizontal isolation joint 600 with the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 satisfies the relevant seismic isolation design parameters, achieves seismic isolation and waterproofing functions, and improves construction quality and efficiency.

[0093] In this embodiment of the invention, a seismic isolation bearing 200 is also provided between the upper structure 100 and the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer; the seismic isolation bearing 200 is located beside the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, the seismic isolation bearing 200 consumes more than 60% of the seismic force when an earthquake occurs, and the seismic isolation bearing 200 transmits more than 10% of the seismic force to the upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer; the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 consumes less than 5% of the seismic force.

[0094] The longitudinal section of the perforated cavity in this embodiment of the invention is circular or rectangular; on the wide surface of the vibration isolation and waterproof strip 1, a plurality of perforated cavities are arranged in an M*N matrix, wherein M≥5 and N≥1.

[0095] The vibration-damping and waterproof strip 1 of this invention includes: a waterproof sheet body 11 with a plurality of perforated cavities, and at least two reinforcing plates 12 embedded on the upper and lower surfaces of the waterproof sheet body 11; the vibration-damping and waterproof strip 1 is integrally formed and can be used directly on the construction site; or, the vibration-damping and waterproof strip 1 is divided into multiple sections and processed in a factory, and the segmented vibration-damping and waterproof strip 1 is connected into one piece by rubber vulcanization; or, the vibration-damping and waterproof strip 1 is divided into multiple sections and processed in a factory, and the segmented vibration-damping and waterproof strip 1 is connected into one piece by hot melting or adhesive.

[0096] The reinforcing plate 12 in the above embodiment of the present invention is preferably made of reinforcing steel plate. When a horizontal isolation joint 600 with a high displacement needs to be set in actual application, the vertical compression deformation displacement of the elastic vibration isolation waterproof plate also increases. The structural reinforcing steel plate in the middle includes rubber or rubber-plastic polyurethane elastomeric body, water-swellable material layer 2, circular or rectangular cavity structure 3, and structural reinforcing steel plate.

[0097] In this embodiment of the invention, the waterproof strip body is made of rubber or a rubber-plastic polyurethane elastomeric material, with a water-swellable material layer 2, a circular or rectangular cavity structure 3, a structural reinforcing steel plate, or multiple layers of structural reinforcing steel plates. The vibration-damping waterproof strip 1 with multiple layers of structural reinforcing steel plates is as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer is 100, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip is 1, the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer is 300, the reinforcing steel plate, the multi-layer structure reinforcing steel plate and the fixing steel plate bolts.

[0098] When applied to buildings with large vertical compressive and lateral shear displacements, one or more layers of reinforcing steel plates are installed using a cavity structure 3 and a reinforcing steel plate layer. These reinforcing steel plates are fixed to the lower structure 300 of the isolation layer using bolts, after which the upper structure 100 of the isolation layer is poured with concrete. When the isolation joint height is greater than 5 cm, the elastic isolation waterproofing board, to increase strength, incorporates one or more layers of reinforcing steel plates in the middle, improving its compressive and shear resistance, thus keeping the displacement of the isolation waterproofing board strip 1 within a safe range and providing isolation and protection for the building.

[0099] In this embodiment of the invention, the reinforcing plate 12 is embedded in the waterproof plate body 11 to strengthen the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1. This method is applied when the relative positions of the upper structure 100 and the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer are large. The seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 composed of the reinforcing plate 12 embedded in the waterproof plate body 11 can improve the seismic resistance of the building.

[0100] In this embodiment of the invention, multiple reinforcing plates 12 are embedded in the waterproof membrane body 11 along its thickness direction; at least one row of openings is formed between the two reinforcing plates 12. When the height of the horizontal isolation joint 600 is greater than 5 cm, the structure formed by one or more reinforcing plates 12 in the middle of the seismic isolation waterproof membrane strip 1 increases its strength, improves its compressive and shear resistance, and keeps the displacement of the seismic isolation waterproof membrane strip 1 within a safe range, thus providing isolation and protection for the building. In this embodiment of the invention, a baffle is provided on the outside of the seismic isolation waterproof membrane strip 1 to cover the horizontal isolation joint 600. The baffle is fixedly connected to the upper structure 100 or the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer. In this embodiment of the invention, a baffle is provided on the outside of the elastic seismic isolation waterproof membrane, mainly to cover the isolation gap, and also to prevent dust and make the building more aesthetically pleasing.

[0101] In this embodiment of the invention, the water-swellable material layer 2 is fixed to the upper surface of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1; the water-swellable material layer 2 extends beyond the upper surface of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 and contacts the top or bottom of the horizontal isolation joint 600. The seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, according to the vertical force generated during the concrete pouring of the upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer, flexibly sets different technical parameters of vertical bearing capacity by adjusting its cavity structure 3 and material, so as to meet the requirements of the upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer. During the concrete pouring, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 will not undergo compression deformation due to vertical force, and will undergo elastic deformation during earthquakes to achieve the seismic isolation function of the building. As long as the product with the function of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is produced using the cavity structure 3 and elastic material at the seismic isolation building isolation joint, it can achieve the seismic isolation function.

[0102] In this embodiment of the invention, the outer side of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, corresponding to the outer edge of the horizontal isolation joint 600, is provided with a protruding wing-shaped structure 13; the wing-shaped structure 13 seals the horizontal isolation joint 600. When the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is applied to a pre-reserved horizontal isolation joint 600, it consists of a rubber or rubber-plastic polyurethane elastomeric body, a water-swellable material layer 2, a circular or rectangular cavity structure 3, and an externally protruding wing-shaped structure 13. During installation, the wing-shaped structure elastically deforms to fill the gaps caused by the dimensional error of the pre-reserved isolation joint, thus sealing the isolation joint. When the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is applied to a pre-reserved horizontal isolation joint 600, during installation, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is inserted into the isolation joint, and the protruding wing-shaped structures on both sides deform under pressure to seal and waterproof the isolation joint. Preferably, the upper part is the upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer, the middle part is the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 and the deformed side wing structure, and the lower part is the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer. In this embodiment of the invention, the isolation joint baffle 6 with the bend is fixed by fixing screws.

[0103] In practical applications, when the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is applied to the pre-reserved horizontal isolation joint 600, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip is inserted into the isolation joint, and the side wing-shaped structures 13 protruding on both sides of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 are squeezed and deformed to achieve the sealing and waterproofing of the horizontal isolation joint 600.

[0104] In some embodiments, the surface of the waterproof membrane body 11 of the present invention is provided with at least one set of water-swellable waterproof surfaces; the water-swellable waterproof surfaces are concave surfaces 21, and the concave direction of the water-swellable waterproof surfaces is from the surface of the waterproof membrane body 11 toward the center. There are multiple water-swellable waterproof surfaces; multiple water-swellable waterproof surfaces are provided on two opposite surfaces of the waterproof membrane body 11.

[0105] In this embodiment of the invention, the upper part is the upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer, the middle part is the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, and the lower part is the lower structure 300 of the seismic isolation layer. One or more water-swellable waterproof surfaces are provided on the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1, along with a joint baffle 6 or a bend-angled joint baffle 6 (the joint baffle 6 is generally flat; when the upper structure 100 of the seismic isolation layer is a cantilever beam 110 protruding from the lower seismic isolation layer, and the joint is at an angle, the joint baffle 6 is bend-angled). These are fixed to the head of the flat seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 with baffle fixing bolts. When the seismic isolation and waterproof strip 1 is applied to a pre-reserved horizontal joint 600, a rectangular structure with multiple water-swellable waterproof surfaces is provided on it. The internal structure diagram in the previous example mainly uses an ellipse shape. In this embodiment of the invention, a rectangular structure is used as an example; modifying its internal structure to a rhombus or triangle can also achieve the desired effect.

[0106] In addition, please see Figure 11 This invention also provides a method for constructing building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strips, including the following steps:

[0107] Step 1: After tying the reinforcing bars of the lower isolation layer of the horizontal isolation joint, install the lower embedded plate of the elastic isolation and waterproof strip. After the concrete is poured and reaches a certain strength, bond and fix the elastic isolation and waterproof strip to the upper surface of the embedded plate. Remove the protective film on the elastic isolation and waterproof strip and install the upper embedded plate of the elastic isolation and waterproof strip on it.

[0108] Step 2: Support the formwork on both sides of the horizontal isolation joint and the top of the seismic isolation trench, and pour the upper seismic isolation layer concrete of the horizontal isolation joint to form the upper structure of the building's seismic isolation layer.

[0109] In this embodiment of the invention, the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is installed between the upper and lower structures of the seismic isolation layer. When applied to the top of the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench, a continuous seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is installed on the top of the retaining wall. Due to the different functions of seismic isolation buildings, the positions and shapes of the seismic isolation bearings, seismic isolation trenches, horizontal isolation joints, isolation joint corners, and the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer may vary, but this does not affect the benefits of this invention. The intended meaning is to emphasize the continuous installation of a continuous seismic isolation and waterproofing strip in the seismic isolation layer. In this embodiment of the invention, the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip and the isolation joint structure are installed with a continuous seismic isolation and waterproofing strip. They can be manufactured as a single unit in the factory or in sections. On the construction site, the seismic isolation and waterproofing strips, primarily made of rubber, are connected by rubber vulcanization; or by hot-melt bonding of the strips, primarily made of rubber-plastic polyurethane, or by using structural adhesive waterproofing patches to form a single integrated seismic isolation layer.

[0110] The construction method of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip according to this invention involves setting an embedded plate under the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip to improve the levelness and positioning accuracy of the lower surface of the isolation joint. The method includes an embedded plate and a positioning connection assembly. The embedded plate consists of a concrete pouring hole, a vent hole, a positioning groove for the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip, and a positioning pin. The positioning connection assembly consists of leveling bolts and embedded bolts. After determining the installation position of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip, the embedded bolts are welded to the reinforcing mesh. The leveling bolts are used to adjust the overlap gap and flatness between the embedded plates. Concrete is poured into the formwork on both sides, and the concrete flows into and is compacted through the reserved holes in the embedded plate. After the concrete solidifies, the laitance on the embedded plate is cleaned, and the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip is fixed to the embedded plate using a slot or positioning pin. The upper seismic isolation layer and the top formwork of the seismic isolation trench are supported, and concrete is poured to form the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer.

[0111] As a first implementation scheme, step one of the present invention specifically involves: a self-adhesive strip serving as an adhesive layer is bonded to the bottom surface of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip; the self-adhesive strip is then bonded to the upper surface of the seismic isolation trench retaining wall.

[0112] As another implementation, step one of the present invention specifically involves: fixing reinforcing plates on both sides of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip; attaching the reinforcing plates to the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench; drilling holes with an electric drill and tightening the fixing parts to fix the seismic isolation and waterproof strip to the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench.

[0113] More specifically, one embodiment of the present invention provides a construction method for building elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strips. Option 1: A self-adhesive strip is installed on the bottom surface of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip. During construction, the strip is adhered to the upper surface of the lower structure of the lower seismic isolation layer. After supporting the formwork on both sides of the isolation joint, the upper structure of the upper seismic isolation layer is poured with concrete. Option 2: When installing the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip with structural reinforcing steel plates, the external structural reinforcing steel plates on both sides of the strip are clipped onto the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer. Bolt holes are drilled with an electric drill, and the bolts for the fixing steel plates are tightened for further fixation. After supporting the formwork on both sides of the isolation joint, the upper structure of the upper seismic isolation layer is poured with concrete. The difference between the two schemes is that Scheme 1 does not include a steel plate, while Scheme 2 includes a steel plate in the middle. When designing and selecting the scheme, the appropriate internal structure should be chosen according to the seismic resistance level of the building, vertical displacement, and lateral displacement. Generally, Scheme 1 is used when the height of the horizontal isolation joint is set at 2-5 cm. When it is greater than 5 cm, a layer of steel plate is added in the middle to prevent deformation caused by insufficient vertical bearing capacity. When the height of the isolation joint is particularly large, steel plates are added to keep the vertical bearing capacity compression deformation displacement and lateral shear elastic deformation within a reasonable range.

[0114] Seismic isolation and waterproofing strips can be used at indoor and outdoor connection points, such as building entrance steps and elevator pits. They can be used as a whole or in sections with the required shape and technical parameters according to the specific requirements of the upper and lower structures of the seismic isolation layer. The application areas and environments will continue to be updated with the development of technology, without affecting the application scope of seismic isolation and waterproofing strips.

[0115] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8During the construction of the isolation joint, no pre-embedded building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strips were used. The following construction method for filling the isolation joint after visually exposing the gaps, according to existing standards, was employed: Based on the design drawings and on-site measurements of the actual dimensions of the isolation joint, appropriately sized elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strips were prepared. The upper contact surface of the isolation joint was cleaned to ensure the junction of the building formwork was flat. The lower contact surface of the isolation joint was also cleaned to ensure the junction of the building formwork was flat. The height of the isolation joint was checked to ensure it met design requirements. For areas lower than the design requirements, power tools were used to widen the joint to meet the design requirements. Areas exceeding the design dimensions were repaired or grouted. After meeting the standards, the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strips with side-wing structures were filled into the isolation joint. The protruding elastic bodies on both sides of the strips adhered tightly to the upper and lower surfaces of the isolation joint through elastic deformation. After installation, the outer surface of the strips was flush with the outer surfaces of the isolation layer, upper structure, and lower structure. Components with fireproofing and decorative functions were selectively installed according to specific project requirements.

[0116] Repair and smooth the upper surface of the substructure of the isolation layer where the isolation joint is located. According to the design technical parameters, select the corresponding isolation and waterproof strips that match the width of the isolation joint, vertical isolation displacement, horizontal isolation displacement, and vertical bearing capacity. Transport them to the construction site. During installation, remove the temporary protective film on the isolation and waterproof strips and lay them on the upper surface of the substructure of the isolation layer 300. Press the self-adhesive strips on the elastic isolation and waterproof strips to bond them tightly to the substructure of the isolation layer. If the upper surface of the substructure of the isolation layer is not very smooth during construction, structural adhesive can also be applied to enhance the adhesion. When the seismic isolation displacement is large, reinforced seismic isolation and waterproof strips with structural reinforcement steel plates are installed. The upper surface of the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer with the isolation joint is repaired and smoothed. According to the design technical parameters, the seismic isolation and waterproof strips corresponding to the width of the isolation joint, vertical seismic isolation displacement, horizontal seismic isolation displacement, and vertical bearing capacity are selected and transported to the construction site. During installation, the temporary protective film on the seismic isolation and waterproof strips is removed, and the strips are laid on the upper surface of the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer. The self-adhesive strips on the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strips are pressed to ensure tight adhesion to the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer. The external structural reinforcement steel plates on both sides of the seismic isolation and waterproof strips are then clipped onto the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer and screwed in with an electric drill. Bolt holes are drilled, and the fixing steel plate bolts are tightened for further fixation. Fixing is repeated approximately every meter with fixing steel plate bolts. After the seismic isolation and waterproofing strips are installed, templates of the same width as the isolation joints and the seismic isolation and waterproofing strips are erected on both sides of the strips. The upper structural template of the isolation joint of the seismic isolation layer is also supported to ensure tight contact on all contact surfaces of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strips. This process is repeated to install a continuous seismic isolation and waterproofing strip system. During installation, joints are formed by connecting rubber-based seismic isolation and waterproofing strips using rubber vulcanization, and by using hot-melt structural adhesive to connect rubber-plastic polyurethane-based seismic isolation and waterproofing strips. Joints are then bonded with structural adhesive. This embodiment of the invention utilizes a filled-type seismic isolation and waterproofing strip structure and construction method when applied to projects with reserved isolation joints.Based on the design drawings and the actual dimensions of the isolation joints measured on-site, prepare appropriately sized elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing boards. Clean the contact surfaces of the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer to ensure the formwork joints are level. Clean the contact surfaces of the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer to ensure the formwork joints are level. Check if the height of the isolation joints meets the design requirements. For areas lower than the design requirements, use power tools to widen them to meet the design requirements. For areas exceeding the design dimensions, repair or grout. After meeting the standards, fill the isolation joints with infill-type seismic isolation and waterproofing boards, ensuring the protruding elastic bodies on both sides of the boards adhere tightly to the seismic isolation layer, upper structure, and lower structure through elastic deformation. After installation, ensure the outer surfaces of the seismic isolation and waterproofing boards are flush with the outer surfaces of the seismic isolation layer, upper structure, and lower structure. Install components with fireproofing and decorative functions according to specific project requirements. The seemingly simple construction method and conventional techniques here actually simplify the construction process, improve construction efficiency, enhance the building's seismic isolation performance, and promote the advancement of construction technology by replacing the building's isolation joints with seismic isolation and waterproof strips at the locations where isolation joints are set.

[0117] The cavity structure of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip in this embodiment of the invention matches the vertical deformation critical bearing capacity of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip. The vertical deformation critical bearing capacity includes: the bearing capacity before compression deformation occurs when pressure is applied to the seismic isolation and waterproof strip; the bearing capacity of the elastic body and cavity structure in the deformed state after compression deformation of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip; and the vertical seismic bearing capacity of the elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip under rare earthquake action after the cavity structure in the applied pressure elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip disappears.

[0118] The formula for calculating the bearing capacity of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip before compression deformation is formula (1):

[0119] Formula (1)

[0120] In formula (1), The building importance coefficient is not less than 1.1 when the building safety level is Level 1 and not less than 1.0 when the building safety level is Level 2. N represents the design value of the effect under the combined action of the building and the seismic isolation and waterproofing strips. For building load-bearing capacity; This refers to the seismic adjustment coefficient for the bearing capacity of structural members.

[0121] Among them, the formula for calculating the bearing capacity of the elastic body and cavity structure under deformation state after compression deformation of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip is formula (2):

[0122] Formula (2)

[0123] In formula (2), For building load-bearing capacity; This refers to the seismic adjustment coefficient for the bearing capacity of structural members. The effect (N) is the representative value of gravity load. This is a partial factor representing the representative value of gravity load; The effect (N) of the standard value of horizontal seismic action; For adjustment coefficients; For the horizontal seismic action partial factor; The effect of the standard value of vertical seismic action (N); For vertical seismic action partial factors; For wind load combination coefficient; among them, the formula for calculating the vertical seismic bearing capacity of the elastic seismic isolation waterproof strip under rare earthquake action after the hollow structure of the applied pressure elastic seismic isolation waterproof strip disappears is formula (3):

[0124] Formula (3)

[0125] In formula (3), For building load-bearing capacity; This is the seismic adjustment coefficient for bearing capacity; The effect (N) is the representative value of gravity load. This is a partial factor representing the representative value of gravity load; The effect of the standard value of horizontal seismic action; For the horizontal seismic action partial factor; This represents the effect of the standard value of vertical seismic action; This represents the partial factor for vertical seismic action.

[0126] This invention ensures that the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip does not deform during the construction of the seismic isolation layer in the seismic isolation building. During the building's use, as the height of the isolation joint changes due to foundation settlement and thermal expansion and contraction, it has sufficient elasticity to maintain an elastic connection between the upper and lower seismic isolation layers. During an earthquake, the elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip provides sufficient isolation space for the upper seismic isolation layer through vertical compression deformation and horizontal shear deformation. The compressive elastic deformation displacement of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip in this invention refers to the positional change of a mass point from point A to point B. A mass point generally has a space to move from A to B. The compressive elastic deformation displacement is the amount of deformation displacement obtained by reducing the volume of the elastic body after applying pressure, thus changing the space to move. The displacement is achieved by changing the pressure or tension to reduce or increase the space. The compressive elastic deformation displacement AC = distance from A to B - distance from C to B. The formula for calculating the compressive elastic deformation displacement under seismic action is as follows:

[0127] Formula (4)

[0128] In formula (4), The maximum elastic inter-story displacement within a building caused by the standard value of the design earthquake action; This is the limit value for the elastic interlayer displacement angle; This refers to the floor height of a building.

[0129] The compressive elastic deformation displacement of the elastic isolation and waterproofing strip in this embodiment of the invention refers to the elastic compressive deformation that occurs when the compressive force exceeds the critical deformation bearing capacity while performing seismic isolation function. For example, the vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement AC of the elastic isolation and waterproofing strip, which is the height AB before vertical compression deformation minus the height CD after compression deformation, is the vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement of the elastic isolation and waterproofing strip, i.e., the vertical displacement of the horizontal isolation joint. The elastic isolation and waterproofing strip in this embodiment of the invention has elastic self-resetting capability. After undergoing vertical compressive elastic deformation, transverse shear deformation, and irregular transverse and vertical composite deformation, the elastic isolation and waterproofing strip possesses elastic self-resetting capability.

[0130] Current construction techniques require formwork when pouring concrete for the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer, with a 2-centimeter isolation joint left in the middle. Theoretically, after construction, there should be a 2-centimeter gap in the middle of the seismic isolation layer, allowing the upper structure to shift horizontally and vertically during an earthquake. In practice, the inner side of the isolation joint is located at the top of the inner side of the seismic isolation trench retaining wall on the first basement floor of the building, while the outer side is at a similar height to the outdoor ground level. Due to the construction phase, the width of the seismic isolation trench inside the retaining wall is generally only 30-60 centimeters, a narrow space, and the outer side of the isolation joint is also the outer side of the seismic isolation trench retaining wall. Measured from the building foundation, the seismic isolation trench retaining wall is 5-10 meters high. Due to the need for backfilling, the construction space outside the seismic isolation trench retaining wall is also very small, making it inconvenient to erect scaffolding, install and dismantle building formwork. In particular, the isolation joint is generally 2 centimeters high, and the formwork is also 2 centimeters thick, making construction difficult. Because it is located in a concealed area, it is difficult to guarantee the construction quality.

[0131] The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip and construction method of this invention are a systematic solution for horizontal isolation joints in the sub-field of seismic isolation buildings and seismic isolation layers. Specifically, it involves setting up an elastic seismic isolation and waterproof device with functions such as elastic displacement, waterproofing, fireproofing, and aesthetic decoration at the location of the horizontal isolation joint. This seismic isolation and waterproof device enables the building isolation joint to achieve the functions of seismic isolation, waterproofing, and fireproofing. The invention also includes a horizontal isolation joint structure and construction method that achieve the above functions.

[0132] In this embodiment of the invention, a hollow structure of rubber-plastic polyurethane elastomeric seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is provided at the horizontal isolation joint of the seismic isolation building. The strip has appropriate vertical bearing capacity (set according to the gravity of concrete pouring in the case of no formwork removal), vertical compression elastic deformation of more than 1 mm, horizontal shear elastic deformation of more than 1 mm self-resetting, and waterproof function through water expansion or elastic close contact.

[0133] The seismic isolation and waterproofing strips of this invention feature a continuous, integral structure, forming a unified elastic seismic isolation layer across the upper and lower structures of the seismic isolation layer. Due to the different functions of seismic-isolated buildings, the location of horizontal isolation joints varies. The continuous seismic isolation and waterproofing strips allow for the formation of annular horizontal isolation joints of varying shapes, creating a unified elastic seismic isolation layer, seismic isolation and waterproofing strips, a multi-dimensional isolation joint structure, and a construction method. Self-adhesive strips are applied to the bottom surface of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strips, which are then adhered to the upper surface of the lower seismic isolation layer during construction. After supporting the formwork on both sides of the isolation joint, the upper seismic isolation layer concrete is poured. The strips are secured to the lower seismic isolation layer using steel plates on both sides. After supporting the formwork on both sides of the isolation joint, the upper seismic isolation layer concrete is poured.

[0134] This invention relates to the vertical deformation critical bearing capacity, technical theoretical concepts, and testing methods. The main technical parameter of existing seismic isolation products is vertical bearing capacity. This is characterized by the maximum force generated by the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer through the seismic isolation bearings on the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer, and the vertical bearing capacity of the seismic isolation bearings after adding a safety factor. This is a key technical indicator of seismic-isolated buildings. The goal is to ensure that during daily use, the upper structure, seismic isolation bearings, and lower structure of the seismic isolation layer are in a safe connection state. During an earthquake, when the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer vibrates, the seismic isolation bearings absorb the seismic force through elastic deformation and seismic displacement, reducing or isolating the transmission of seismic force from the lower structure to the upper structure, thereby achieving the building's seismic isolation function. The vertical deformation critical bearing capacity refers to the maximum force that the seismic isolation waterproof strip can withstand when serving as a formwork-free installation during the construction of the seismic isolation layer, in relation to the cast-in-place upper structure of the seismic isolation layer. The vertical bearing capacity of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip during construction is the pressure exerted by the concrete. This capacity must be such that it does not compress and deform during construction. However, this vertical bearing capacity cannot be too high, affecting the building's seismic isolation performance, nor too low, to prevent compression deformation and reduced isolation joint size. The critical vertical deformation bearing capacity is determined by calculating the vertical bearing capacity generated when pouring the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer. A safety factor is added to this data, and the result is the critical vertical deformation bearing capacity of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip. The seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is designed and manufactured according to this technical parameter. During testing, the strip cannot undergo compressive elastic deformation before the critical vertical deformation bearing capacity reaches the designed technical parameter. After exceeding the designed technical parameter, the strip must be able to achieve compressive elastic deformation.

[0135] The vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement, technical theory, and testing method of this invention, specifically the vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip, refers to the elastic compressive deformation of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip when the vertical compressive force exceeds the critical vertical deformation bearing capacity during seismic isolation. The difference between the height of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip before and after compression deformation is the vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement, which is also the vertical displacement of the horizontal isolation joint. For example, if the height of the horizontal isolation joint is 2 cm, a seismic isolation and waterproofing strip with a vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement of 2 cm must be selected. The seismic isolation and waterproofing strip of this invention exhibits elastic self-resetting capability after undergoing vertical compressive elastic deformation, lateral shear deformation, and irregular lateral and vertical composite deformation.

[0136] The horizontal isolation joint in this invention is a gap between the entire isolation layer or the outer retaining wall of the isolation layer and the superstructure. It is designed to prevent damage caused by collisions between different parts of the building during an earthquake, and is typically 2 cm high. In existing technologies, the isolation joints between the superstructure and foundation of a seismically isolated building are often exposed, which can easily lead to many adverse effects. Sand, gravel, and debris can intrude, increasing friction between the superstructure and foundation during an earthquake, reducing the isolation effect. Rainwater intrusion and air and moisture convection can also occur. This accelerates the aging of the isolation bearings, affects the building's aesthetics, and during construction, it is easy to mistakenly fill the isolation joint with bricks, stones, and mortar, making the upper and lower parts a single unit, thus rendering the isolation ineffective and potentially harming the superstructure and even the entire building structure.

[0137] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0138] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0139] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip, wherein the building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip is applied to a seismically isolated building, and the seismically isolated building has at least one horizontal isolation joint; characterized in that, The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip is installed at the horizontal isolation joint to replace the seismic isolation function of the horizontal isolation joint; the building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip includes: a seismic isolation and waterproof strip installed in the horizontal isolation joint, a water-swellable material layer installed on the seismic isolation and waterproof strip, a cavity structure opened in the seismic isolation and waterproof strip and penetrating the seismic isolation and waterproof strip, and an adhesive layer between the upper surface of the seismic isolation trench retaining wall and the lower surface of the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer corresponding to the horizontal isolation joint; The cavity structure includes several open cavities, which are arranged sequentially along the width of the vibration isolation and waterproof strip. The water-swellable material layer and the adhesive layer are set from one end surface to the other end surface along the length of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip. The water-swellable material is embedded in the upper surface of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip, either flush with it or protruding from it. The seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is made of rubber elastomer or rubber-plastic polyurethane elastomer; the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip has vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement in the vertical direction of the horizontal isolation joint, and has lateral shear deformation displacement in the transverse direction of the horizontal isolation joint; after generating vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement and / or lateral shear deformation displacement, the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip elastically self-resets; when generating vertical compressive elastic deformation displacement and / or lateral shear deformation displacement, the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is always in close contact with the upper and lower isolation layers forming the horizontal isolation joint; The seismic isolation and waterproof strip is closely attached to the upper structure and lower structure of the seismic isolation layer corresponding to the horizontal isolation joint, and the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer, the seismic isolation and waterproof strip, and the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer are connected into a sealed elastic connection. Seismic isolation bearings are also installed between the upper structure and the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer.

2. The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower structure of the seismic isolation layer is fixedly connected to the seismic isolation and waterproof strips through an adhesive layer; The upper structure of the seismic isolation layer is formed above the seismic isolation and waterproof strips through a cast-in-place concrete process, and the seismic isolation and waterproof strips are fixedly connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer through an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer includes a self-adhesive strip disposed on the vibration isolation and waterproof strip, a lower embedded plate, an upper embedded plate, and an embedded plate bolt assembly.

3. The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seismic isolation and waterproofing strip is provided with isolation joint baffles on one or both sides, which realize the fire prevention and decoration of the seismic isolation building.

4. The building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vibration isolation and waterproof strip includes: a vibration isolation and waterproof strip body with a plurality of open cavities, and at least two reinforcing plates embedded in the upper and lower surfaces of the vibration isolation and waterproof strip body; The vibration isolation and waterproof strip is integrally formed and can be used directly on the construction site; Alternatively, the vibration-damping and waterproof strip is divided into multiple sections and processed in the factory, and the segmented vibration-damping and waterproof strips are joined together by rubber vulcanization; or, the vibration-damping and waterproof strip is divided into multiple sections and processed in the factory, and the segmented vibration-damping and waterproof strips are joined together by hot melt or adhesive.

5. A building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple reinforcing plates are embedded in the waterproof membrane body along the thickness direction of the membrane body; at least one row of openings is opened between the two reinforcing plates.

6. A construction method for a building elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip, applicable to the building elastic seismic isolation and waterproofing strip described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: During the construction of the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer, install the lower embedded plate and adhere the seismic isolation and waterproof strips to the upper surface of the lower embedded plate. The elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strips are located above the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench. Step 2: After supporting the formwork on both sides of the horizontal isolation joint and the top of the seismic isolation trench, pour concrete to form the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer.

7. The construction method of a building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step one specifically involves: a self-adhesive strip is bonded to the bottom surface of the seismic isolation and waterproofing strip as an adhesive layer; the self-adhesive strip is then bonded to the upper surface of the seismic isolation trench retaining wall.

8. The construction method of a building elastic seismic isolation and waterproof strip according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step one specifically involves fixing reinforcing plates on both sides of the seismic isolation and waterproof strip; attaching the reinforcing plates to the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench; drilling holes with an electric drill and tightening the fixing parts to fix the seismic isolation and waterproof strip to the retaining wall of the seismic isolation trench.

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