Method for the preparation of low gi hollow sugar enriched with flavonoids and polyphenols using sugar cane molasses

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of food, and more particularly to a method for preparing low GI hollow sugar rich in flavonoids and polyphenols from sugar cane molasses. The method comprises the steps of pretreating the molasses, adding fillers and surfactants, and spray drying into sugar, etc. The pretreatment of the molasses comprises stirring and diluting with water, heating in a water bath to settle the suspension, centrifugal separation, and adsorption separation of K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and other ions through a resin bed. The molasses contains high levels of functional substances such as flavonoids and total phenols, which have good effects on reducing blood sugar and antioxidant activity. The method solves the problems of high ash content, astringent taste, slow dispersion, and difficulty in storage and transportation of the clarified sugar cane molasses, effectively retains the beneficial ingredients such as flavonoids and polyphenols in the molasses, and keeps the reducing sugar content at a low level. The method can be used as a raw material for low glycemic food (such as biscuits, donuts, and ice cream).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of food, in particular to a method for preparing low GI hollow sugar rich in flavonoids and polyphenols from sugarcane molasses. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sugarcane molasses is the main by-product of sugarcane sugar production, which is a brown viscous liquid, the brix is generally above 80Bx, and the main components are carbohydrates, inorganic salts and crude proteins, etc. The total sugar content is as high as 36%-60%(w / w), of which sucrose accounts for about 24%-36%, and other sugars account for about 12%-24%. The molasses has high ash content, suspended matter and microorganisms, etc. 100 tons of sugarcane produces 3-4 tons of molasses, and China produces more than 3 million tons of sugarcane molasses every year.

[0003] Molasses is currently mainly used as a fermentation raw material for alcohol and yeast, producing more than 120 million tons of fermentation wastewater per year, and molasses fermentation wastewater has been listed by the state as a high-concentration wastewater and the most serious pollution source in the food and fermentation industry. Some farms also use molasses as a feed additive, but the molasses contains too high potassium ions, which has a great damage to the digestive system of animals (Lai Xia, Gong Yue, Wu Tianyou, et al. Nutritional components and functions of molasses and its application in dairy production [J]. Shanghai Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Communications, 2022(04): 54-59. Luigi A M, Elisa G, Luca C, et al. A Review Regarding the Use of Molasses in Animal Nutrition [J]. Animals, 2021, 11(1): 115-115.).

[0004] Molasses has high viscosity, strong hygroscopicity, and is easy to ferment and breed bacteria, which determines that molasses has many inconveniences in transportation, which also limits the long-distance transportation and use of molasses.

[0005] The remaining high total sugar in molasses can be used to prepare various foods. At present, there are methods such as spray sugar preparation after enzymatic clarification treatment of molasses, but there is little attention to the retention of flavonoids and polyphenols and other nutrients in molasses. The polyphenols and flavonoids contained in molasses, including chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, sinapic acid, syringic acid, vanillin, apigenin and luteolin, have good antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects. The collection of discarded active substances in molasses is equivalent to the existing discarded molasses, which increases the value by more than 100 times, and can bring considerable economic value and development potential.

[0006] However, the current scheme does not retain these substances to form new functional substances. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the application: in order to provide the method for preparing the low GI hollow sugar rich in flavonoids and polyphenols with better effect by using sugarcane molasses, the specific purpose is seen in the multiple substantial technical effects of the specific implementation part.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0009] The method for preparing the low GI hollow sugar rich in flavonoids and polyphenols by using sugarcane molasses is characterized in that,

[0010] Comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) taking the molasses, diluting to the Brix of 45Bx~65Bx with water, and fully mixing;

[0012] (2) heating the diluted molasses in step (1) to 80~100 DEG C, so that the ash, suspended matter, crude protein and other substances in the molasses are flocculated and settled, the dissolved substances are gradually flocculated and settled during the heating process, when the height of flocculation and settlement is no longer changed, the flocculation and settlement impurities are removed by centrifugation after being taken out and naturally cooled to room temperature;

[0013] (3) using resin to adsorb and separate the soluble K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ ions in the supernatant of the molasses in step (2);

[0014] (4) mixing the gum arabic and sodium caseinate into deionized water, fully stirring, adding deionized water to obtain a gum arabic and sodium caseinate mixed solution, and then adding to the supernatant of the molasses in step (3) which is desalted by ion exchange resin, adding 3M NaOH solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 7, and fully stirring;

[0015] (5) spray drying to obtain the low GI hollow sugar rich in flavonoids and polyphenols and other good functional ingredients.

[0016] The further technical scheme of the application is that the heating mode in step (2) is electric heating or steam heating, and the centrifugation condition is 8000~12000r / minx20min.

[0017] The further technical scheme of the application is that the polyphenols in step (5) include one or more of chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, sinapic acid, syringic acid and vanillin, and the flavonoids include one or more of apigenin, luteolin and trilobatin.

[0018] The further technical scheme of the application is that the Brix of the original molasses in step (1) is 80Bx~82Bx.

[0019] The resin in step (3) is a resin formed by mixing a macroporous strong acid cation resin and a macroporous strong base anion resin, wherein the volume ratio of the macroporous strong acid cation resin to the macroporous strong base anion resin is 3:1-2, and the rate of the molasses passing through the mixed resin is 1-5 mL / min.

[0020] The further technical solution of the present application is that in step (4), the mass fraction of the mixed solution of gum arabic and sodium caseinate is 10%-50% gum arabic+1.5% sodium caseinate; the supernatant of the molasses is mixed with the mixed solution of gum arabic and sodium caseinate in equal mass and stirred for more than 5 h.

[0021] The further technical solution of the present application is that the stirring speed of the stirrer in step (4) is 50-200 r / min.

[0022] The further technical solution of the present application is that in step (5), the inlet temperature range of the spray drying is 100°C-135°C, and the outlet temperature range is 60°C-90°C.

[0023] The further technical solution of the present application is that in step (5), the feeding hammer degree before spraying is 50Bx-60Bx.

[0024] The present application adopting the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0025] (1) The present application economically and effectively removes the ash, suspended matter and other impurities in the molasses, has a good effect on the clarification and reuse of the molasses, and does not add any chemical clarifying agent, so that the molasses is not secondarily polluted, and the edible safety is ensured.

[0026] (2) The present application effectively utilizes the high content of sucrose, natural active ingredients flavonoids and polyphenols and caramel aroma in the molasses, and prepares a functional low GI hollow sugar. The present application effectively retains flavonoids and polyphenols, has good effects of stabilizing blood sugar and antioxidant, and is instant, light and easy to carry.

[0027] (3) The functional low GI hollow sugar prepared by the present application has good flowability, can avoid wall sticking or nozzle clogging, and has complete color, aroma and taste.

[0028] (4) The spray drying is adopted to play a high-temperature sterilization role, and the product does not contain malt dextrin and is not easy to absorb moisture.

[0029] (5) The flavonoids and polyphenols are embedded in the low GI hollow sugar, the components are stable and not easy to decompose, and the flavonoids and polyphenols have obvious inhibitory effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase in vitro, and have certain effect on stabilizing blood sugar after meals.

[0030] (6) The low GI hollow sugar prepared by the method has caramel aroma and pure taste without bitter taste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to further illustrate the present application, further description will be made in combination with the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 The scanning electron microscope micrograph of the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 The scanning electron microscope micrograph of the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 The scanning electron microscope micrograph of the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] The sugar particles are concave round particles with a particle size of about 20 μm, and are stacked and aggregated into irregular aggregates, which may be caused by heating. The inside is a hollow structure, and the surface layer of the spherical shell appears to be concave. The reason for the concave may be that the particles sprayed out are hollow and have a high temperature, and the temperature difference with the outside temperature is large, resulting in the particles being concave to the inside. As the amount of gum arabic as a drying agent of the sugar particles increases, the morphology and size characteristics do not change significantly, but the thickness of the sugar particle spherical shell increases, which may be due to the evaporation-induced diffusion flow that promotes gum arabic to tend to rapidly diffuse and aggregate and precipitate on the gas-liquid surface during the spray drying process, forming a shell structure covering the surface of the hollow sugar. As the amount of gum arabic increases, the thickness of the covering also increases. The scanning electron microscope image shows that the amount of gum arabic has little effect on the morphology and size, but it will affect the thickness of the hollow sugar spherical shell.

[0036] Figure 4 The flow chart of the spray drying of the molasses of the embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 5 The inhibition effect diagram of the sugar after spray drying on alpha-glucosidase of the embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 6 The inhibition effect diagram of the sugar after spray drying on alpha-amylase of the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present application will be further illustrated in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application and not to limit the scope of the present application.

[0040] The present invention aims to provide a method for processing clarified sugar cane molasses using a spray drying technique to produce functional low GI hollow sugar. The method comprises the steps of clarifying the molasses, adding a bulking agent and a surfactant, and spray drying to form sugar. The clarified molasses is used to produce a low GI food product (e.g. biscuits, bread, ice cream) having good nutritional value and functional properties, and can be used as a natural sweetener.

[0041] A method for producing functional low GI hollow sugar from sugar cane molasses, comprising the steps of:

[0042] (1) Take the appropriate molasses, stir while diluting with water to a Brix of 45Bx to 65Bx, and mix thoroughly.

[0043] (2) Heat the diluted molasses obtained in step (1) to 80°C to 100°C to cause the flocculation and sedimentation of ash, suspended solids, crude protein and other substances in the molasses. The dissolved substances gradually flocculate and settle during the heating process. When the height of the flocculation and sedimentation no longer changes, remove it and allow it to cool naturally to room temperature, then centrifuge to remove the flocculation and sedimentation impurities. The heating method described in step (2) can be electric heating or steam heating, etc. The centrifuge can be any type such as a table, disc or tube, and the centrifugation conditions are 8000 to 12000 r / min x 20 min.

[0044] (3) Take the supernatant from step (2) and use resin to adsorb and separate K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and other inorganic ions from the supernatant. The volume of the supernatant passing through the resin is 10 to 200 times the volume of the resin, and the flow rate of the supernatant through the resin column is 1 to 3 BV. The ions are separated from the supernatant and adsorbed onto the resin.

[0045] (4) Mix gum arabic and sodium caseinate in a certain proportion and add to deionized water, stir well to obtain a gum arabic and sodium caseinate mixture solution, then add to the desalted supernatant from step (3), adjust the pH of the solution to 7 by adding 3M NaOH solution, and stir well.

[0046] (5) Spray drying to obtain low GI hollow sugar rich in flavonoids and polyphenols.

[0047] The Brix of the original molasses in step (1) is 80Bx to 82Bx, and the volume ratio of molasses to water after dilution is 2:1.

[0048] The resin in step (3) that adsorbs ions such as K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ is a resin formed by mixing a macroporous strong acid cation resin and a macroporous strong base anion resin, wherein the volume ratio of the macroporous strong acid cation resin to the macroporous strong base anion resin is 3:1 to 2, and the rate of passing molasses through the mixed resin is 1 to 5 mL / min.

[0049] In step (3), the mass fraction of the mixed solution of gum arabic and sodium caseinate is 10% to 50% gum arabic + 1.5% sodium caseinate; the molasses supernatant is mixed with the mixed solution of gum arabic and sodium caseinate in equal mass and stirred for 5 hours or more.

[0050] In step (4), the stirring speed of the stirrer is 50 to 300 r / min.

[0051] In step (5), the inlet temperature range of the spray drying is 100°C to 135°C, and the outlet temperature range is 60°C to 90°C.

[0052] In step (5), the flow rate of the spray drying is 4 to 8 mL / min.

[0053] In step (5), the hammer degree of the material is 50Bx to 60Bx.

[0054] In step (5), the functional low GI hollow sugar prepared by spray drying is dry and not easy to caking.

[0055] In step (5), the polyphenols include one or more of chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, sinapic acid, syringic acid, and vanillin, and the flavonoids include one or more of apigenin, luteolin, and trilobatin.

[0056] The above method produces low GI hollow sugar rich in good functional ingredients such as flavonoids and polyphenols.

[0057] Table 1 Sugar content and cation content before and after clarification in the embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Table 2 Flavonoid and total phenol content after spray drying in the embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Table 3 Sugar content after spray drying in the embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Table 4 Sensory evaluation of sugar after spray drying in the embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Table 5 Profit comparison table in the embodiment of the present application.

[0062] Example 1:

[0063] Take the right amount of sugar cane molasses, stirring while adding water to dilute to the degree of 56Bx. Make it fully mixed, the diluted molasses in 90 ℃ water bath conditions for 30 min, so that the ash, suspended solids, crude protein and other substances in the molasses flocculation settlement, then take out to be naturally cooled to room temperature after using high speed refrigerated centrifuge separation (20 ℃, 8000 r / min x 20 min) to remove the flocculation settlement of impurities. Take the supernatant of molasses, with the macroporous strong acid cation resin and macroporous strong basic anion resin mixed to form a resin bed (volume ratio of 3:2), the molasses solution at a rate of 2 mL / min through the mixed resin, the ions in the supernatant are separated from the molasses supernatant and adsorbed on the resin to separate and remove, the gum arabic and sodium caseinate are fully stirred according to the mixed solution mass fraction of 20% gum arabic + 1.5% sodium caseinate, and deionized water is added to obtain a gum arabic and sodium caseinate mixed solution. Then add an equal volume to the refined molasses, add 3M NaOH solution to adjust the solution pH to 7, magnetic stirring for 6h, the stirring speed is 100r / min, then spray drying under the conditions of inlet temperature 120℃, outlet temperature 70℃, the flow rate of spray drying inlet is 4mL / min, to obtain low GI hollow sugar rich in flavonoids and polyphenols.

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] Take the right amount of sugar cane molasses, stirring while adding water to dilute to the degree of 58Bx. Make it fully mixed, the diluted molasses in 92 ℃ water bath conditions for 35 min, so that the ash, suspended solids, crude protein and other substances in the molasses flocculation settlement, then take out to be naturally cooled to room temperature after using high speed refrigerated centrifuge separation (20 ℃, 8000 r / min x 20 min) to remove the flocculation settlement of impurities. Take the supernatant of molasses, with the macroporous strong acid cation resin and macroporous strong basic anion resin mixed to form a resin bed (volume ratio of 3:2), the molasses solution at a rate of 3 mL / min through the mixed resin, the ions in the supernatant are separated from the molasses supernatant and adsorbed on the resin to separate and remove, the gum arabic and sodium caseinate are fully stirred according to the mixed solution mass fraction of 25% gum arabic + 1.5% sodium caseinate, and deionized water is added to obtain a gum arabic and sodium caseinate mixed solution. Then add an equal volume to the refined molasses, add 3M NaOH solution to adjust the solution pH to 7, put it into the magnetic stirrer and stir for 4.5h, the stirring speed is 180r / min, then spray drying under the conditions of inlet temperature 120℃, outlet temperature 70℃, the flow rate of spray drying inlet is 4mL / min, to obtain low GI hollow sugar rich in flavonoids and polyphenols.

[0066] Example 3:

[0067] Take the right amount of sugar cane molasses, stirring while adding water to the degree of 60Bx, so that it is fully mixed, diluted after the molasses in 94 ℃ water bath conditions for 40 min, so that the ash, suspended solids, crude protein and other substances in the molasses flocculation sedimentation, then take out to be cooled to room temperature after using high speed refrigerated centrifuge separation (20 ℃, 8000 r / min x 20 min) to remove the flocculation of impurities. Take the supernatant, with macroporous strong acid cation resin and macroporous strong basic anion resin mixed resin bed (volume ratio of 3:2), molasses solution at a rate of 4 mL / min through the mixed resin, the ions in the supernatant from the molasses supernatant and adsorbed on the resin separation removal, gum arabic and sodium caseinate as a mixed solution mass fraction of 30% gum arabic + 1.5% sodium caseinate ratio of fully stirred uniform, add deionized water to get gum arabic and sodium caseinate mixed solution. Subsequently equal volume is added to the refined sugar cane molasses, add 3M NaOH solution to adjust the solution pH to 7, put on the magnetic stirrer stirring 6h, stirring speed of 120 r / min, then in the import temperature 120 ℃, outlet temperature 70 ℃ conditions under spray drying, spray drying inlet flow rate of 4 mL / min, get rich in flavonoids and polyphenols low GI hollow sugar.

[0068] Example 4:

[0069] Take the right amount of sugar cane molasses, stirring while adding water to the degree of 62Bx, so that it is fully mixed. Diluted after the molasses in 96 ℃ water bath conditions for 45 min, so that the ash, suspended solids, crude protein and other substances in the molasses flocculation sedimentation, then take out to be cooled to room temperature after using high speed refrigerated centrifuge separation (20 ℃, 8000 r / min x 20 min) to remove the flocculation of impurities Take the supernatant, with macroporous strong acid cation resin and macroporous strong basic anion resin mixed resin bed (volume ratio of 3:2), molasses solution at a rate of 3 mL / min through the mixed resin, the ions in the supernatant from the molasses supernatant and adsorbed on the resin separation removal, gum arabic and sodium caseinate as a mixed solution mass fraction of 35% gum arabic + 1.5% sodium caseinate ratio of fully stirred uniform, add deionized water to get gum arabic and sodium caseinate mixed solution. Subsequently equal volume is added to the refined sugar cane molasses, add 3M NaOH solution to adjust the solution pH to 7, put on the magnetic stirrer stirring 4.5h, stirring speed of 180 r / min, then in the import temperature 120 ℃, outlet temperature 70 ℃ conditions under spray drying, spray drying inlet flow rate of 4 mL / min, get rich in flavonoids and polyphenols low GI hollow sugar.

[0070] The method, features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above, and various changes and modifications can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present application.

[0071] Table 1 Sugar content and cation content before and after clarification

[0072]

[0073] Table 2 Flavonoid and total phenol content after spray drying

[0074]

[0075] Table 3 Sugar content after spray drying

[0076]

[0077] Table 4 Sensory evaluation of sugar after spray drying

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Table 5 Profit control table

[0081]

[0082] The present application provides protection for various types of functional phenolic acids and flavonoids contained in molasses, and develops a new type of sugar with health care function and edible safety, which provides protection for the health of the diabetic population. In particular, the clarified sugar cane molasses is spray dried to prepare a low GI hollow sugar rich in functional ingredients such as flavonoids and polyphenols.

[0083] Overall, the patent discloses a kind of low GI hollow sugar rich in good functional ingredients such as flavonoids and polyphenols, which is prepared by spray drying after clarification of sugarcane molasses. Including the steps of pretreatment of molasses, adding filler and surfactant and spray drying into sugar, pretreatment of molasses includes water stirring dilution, water bath heating sedimentation suspension, centrifugal separation, separation of K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and other ions by resin bed adsorption. There are higher flavonoids, total phenols and other functional substances in molasses, which have good effects on reducing blood sugar and antioxidant. The method solves the problems of high ash content, astringent taste, slow dispersion and difficult storage and transportation of clarified sugarcane molasses, effectively retains the flavonoids, polyphenols and other beneficial ingredients in molasses, and keeps the reducing sugar content at a low level. It can be used as raw material of low glycemic food (such as biscuits, donuts (doughnuts), ice cream), the discarded active substances in molasses are collected, which is equivalent to the existing discarded molasses, and its value increases by hundreds of times, which can bring considerable economic value and development potential.

[0084] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing low-GI hollow sugars rich in flavonoids and polyphenols from cane molasses, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Take molasses, dilute it with water to a Brix of 45Bx to 65Bx, and mix it thoroughly. (2) Heat the diluted molasses in step (1) to 80℃~100℃ so that the ash, suspended matter and crude protein in the molasses flocculate and settle, and the dissolved matter gradually flocculates and settles during the heating process. When the height of flocculation and settling does not change, take it out and place it in the room to cool naturally to room temperature, and then centrifuge to remove the flocculated and settled impurities. (3) Use resin adsorption to separate soluble K in the molasses supernatant in step (2). + Ca 2+ Mg 2+ ion; (4) Mix gum arabic and sodium caseinate in deionized water and stir thoroughly to obtain a mixed solution of gum arabic and sodium caseinate. Then add it to the molasses supernatant that has been desalted by ion exchange resin in step (3), add 3M NaOH solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 7, and stir thoroughly. (5) Spray drying to obtain low-GI hollow sugar rich in functional components such as flavonoids and polyphenols; In step (3), the resin is a mixture of macroporous strong acid cation resin and macroporous strong base anion resin, wherein the volume ratio of macroporous strong acid cation resin to macroporous strong base anion resin is 3:1~2, and the rate at which molasses passes through the mixed resin is 1~5 mL / min. In step (4), the mass fraction of the mixed solution of gum arabic and sodium caseinate is 10% to 50% gum arabic + 1.5% sodium caseinate; the molasses supernatant is mixed with the mixed solution of gum arabic and sodium caseinate by equal mass and stirred for more than 5 hours.

2. The method for preparing low-GI hollow sugars rich in flavonoids and polyphenols from cane molasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heating method in step (2) is electric heating or steam heating, and the centrifugation conditions are 8000~12000r / min×20min.

3. The method for preparing low-GI hollow sugars rich in flavonoids and polyphenols from cane molasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polyphenols in step (5) include one or more of chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, sinapic acid, syringic acid, and vanillin, and the flavonoids include one or more of apigenin, luteolin, and trifolin.

4. The method for preparing low-GI hollow sugars rich in flavonoids and polyphenols from cane molasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), after adding 3M NaOH solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 7, the stirring speed is 50-200 r / min.

5. The method for preparing low-GI hollow sugars rich in flavonoids and polyphenols from cane molasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (5), the inlet temperature range of the spray dryer is 100℃~135℃, and the outlet temperature range is 60℃~90℃.

6. The method for preparing low-GI hollow sugars rich in flavonoids and polyphenols from cane molasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (5), the feed hammer weight before spraying is 50Bx to 60Bx.

7. The method for preparing low-GI hollow sugar rich in flavonoids and polyphenols from cane molasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the molasses has a hardness of 80Bx to 82Bx.

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