RGB three primary color fabric display pixel unit and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of intelligent electronic devices, and particularly relates to an RGB three-primary-color fabric display pixel unit and a construction method thereof.The method comprises the following steps: compounding a polymer, a conductive component and light conversion particles to prepare uniform, stable and spinnable master batches, and preparing conductive fibers with light conversion functions through a melt spinning process; weaving the light conversion conductive fibers and conductive fibers coated with a luminescent active layer, controlling the luminescent color by means of the light conversion particles, forming R, G and B pixel units at fiber lap joints respectively, obtaining different RGB pixel unit arrangement modes by designing different weaving processes, further utilizing circuit control and light mixing technology to realize precise and continuous regulation of the luminescent color of the RGB pixel units, and thus constructing a full-color fabric display device, which can meet the colorization requirement of wearable equipment display.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent electronic device technology, specifically relating to an RGB three-primary-color fabric display pixel unit and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Display devices are the core components for information interaction in electronic devices. Over the past few decades, display devices have evolved from bulk cathode ray tube displays to flat-panel liquid crystal displays and then to planar flexible thin-film displays. With the rapid development of next-generation electronic devices such as wearable devices and smart fabrics, traditional display devices can no longer meet the demands for high flexibility, lightweight design, and comfort. To address this, scientists have developed a new approach by constructing micro-light-emitting units at the warp and weft interlacing points of fiber electrodes, creating a soft, breathable, moisture-wicking, and fully flexible fabric display system capable of withstanding various complex deformations (Nature, 2021, 591, 240-245; Patent CN112813558A). This system achieves an organic integration of display devices and fabric weaving, and is considered a next-generation display technology following flexible thin-film displays. It was selected as one of the top ten emerging technologies in the global chemistry field by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in 2022 (https: / / www.chemsoc.org.cn / a3844.html), showing broad application prospects in the automotive, smart clothing, and wearable device industries.

[0003] However, fabric display devices still suffer from the bottleneck of displaying only a single color. This is mainly because the light-emitting pixel units in current fabric display devices are single light-emitting points, making it difficult to effectively control the emitted color. To address this, this invention proposes to construct a full-color fabric display device by preparing light-converting conductive fibers and building red (R), green (G), and blue (B) three-primary-color light-emitting pixel units. Currently, there are no relevant documents or patent reports on RGB three-primary-color fabric display pixel units and their construction methods. This invention is of great significance for further advancing fabric display devices towards full-color display and promoting their large-scale application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a display pixel unit for R, G, and B three primary colors of fabric and its construction method, so as to achieve effective control of the luminous color of the display fabric and meet the color display requirements of wearable devices.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for constructing R, G, B (red, green, and blue) three-primary-color fabric display pixel units. The fabric display pixel unit comprises warp-directed conductive fibers coated with a light-emitting active layer and weft-directed red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light-converting conductive fibers. The specific construction steps are as follows:

[0006] (1) Electroactive luminescent material is loaded onto the surface of flexible conductive fiber to obtain conductive fiber coated with luminescent active layer;

[0007] The electroluminescent material is an inorganic electroluminescent material, one of the organic electroluminescent materials; the inorganic electroluminescent materials include SiO2-based electroluminescent materials, metal sulfide-type electroluminescent materials, GaN, and Zn2SiO4.

[0008] (2) Red, green and blue light conversion conductive fibers are prepared by melt spinning process. The specific steps are as follows: First, the polymer, conductive component and light conversion particle component are fully mixed by solvent method or melt method to prepare a uniform and stable polymer-conductive component-light conversion particle composite material; then, light conversion conductive fibers are prepared by melt spinning process.

[0009] The polymer is one of polyester polyurethane, fluororubber, and thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer. The polyester polyurethane has a polyester polyol segment whose dicarboxylic acid monomer is one or more of oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, and adipic acid; and a diol monomer is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, diethylene glycol, pentanediol, hexanediol, trimethylolpropane, and glycerol.

[0010] The conductive component is one or more of the following: imidazole, pyridine, quaternary phosphate, quaternary ammonium, piperidine, and pyrrole ionic liquids.

[0011] The light-converting particles include one of the following: organic pigments, inorganic pigments, LED phosphors, fluorescent pigments, disperse dyes, and quantum dots.

[0012] Preferably, the particle size of the light-converting particles is 0.02 μm to 15 μm.

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of the conductive component to the polymer is 0.5 to 2.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of light-converting particles to polymer is 0.005 to 0.5.

[0015] Preferably, the diameter of the light-converting conductive fiber is 50 μm to 1000 μm.

[0016] (3) Red, green, and blue light-converting conductive fibers and conductive fibers coated with an electroluminescent active layer are sequentially overlapped and contacted. First, the light-emitting material is excited to emit light of a certain wavelength and color. Then, through the upper light conversion layer, it is converted into red, green, and blue light to form pixels that emit red, green, and blue light. The three types of light-converting conductive fibers are periodically arranged through different weaving processes to obtain R, G, and B three-primary-color fabric display pixel units.

[0017] The specific weaving process described herein is as follows: using conductive fibers coated with a light-emitting active layer as warp threads; using light-converting conductive fibers and traditional textile yarns as weft threads; and the weave structure can be one or more of plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave.

[0018] (4) Design a control circuit to achieve three-color light mixing to obtain a full-color fabric display device;

[0019] The control circuit described therein is a display pixel unit for R, G, and B primary colors of fabric. Through the EL control circuit, the pixel points of different colors are controlled to form light-emitting or non-light-emitting units. The brightness of the pixel points can be controlled by adjusting the voltage and frequency of the control circuit.

[0020] The light-converting conductive fiber prepared by this invention possesses excellent properties, including good flexibility, conductivity, and light conversion capability, and can be used to construct R, G, and B pixel points on fabrics. This light-converting conductive fiber has a breaking elongation greater than 400% and a conductivity higher than 0.1 mS / cm. After constructing display pixel units using R, G, and B primary color fabrics, the color gamut of the display fabric exceeds 80% of the NTSC color gamut, 120% of the sRGB color gamut, and 95% of the Adobe RGB color gamut.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) Design a light-converting conductive fiber and a conductive fiber coated with a light-emitting active layer to contact each other. First, the light-emitting material is excited to emit light of a certain wavelength and color. Then, through light conversion, it is converted into pure red, green and blue, with a large color gamut.

[0023] (2) Use fabric weaving technology to construct R, G, B three primary color fabric display pixel units, thereby realizing effective control of the luminous color of the display fabric and meeting the color display requirements of wearable devices;

[0024] (3) The process of this invention is simple, efficient, mild, green, economical and environmentally friendly, and the raw materials are readily available, making it suitable for industrial production. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the pixel unit structure for displaying R, G, and B primary color fabrics.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a color gamut diagram of the full-color fabric display device prepared in the example.

[0027] The numbers in the diagram are: 1 is nylon multifilament, 2 is conductive fiber coated with a light-emitting active layer, 3 is red (R) light conversion conductive fiber, 4 is green (G) light conversion conductive fiber, and 5 is blue (B) light conversion conductive fiber. Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0029] In this invention, room temperature refers to an ambient temperature of 10℃-30℃.

[0030] Experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, should be performed using conventional methods and conditions, or according to the product instructions. All reagents used in the examples were purchased externally, with all solvents purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. All equipment used in the following examples is commercially available. Example

[0031] Step 1: Preparation of light-converting conductive fibers: Weigh 1 g of red fluorescent dye (particle size 6 μm), disperse it in 10 g of N,N'-dimethylformamide, and stir thoroughly; weigh 10 g of polyester polyurethane, dissolve it in 50 g of N,N'-dimethylformamide, add 5 g of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt, and stir thoroughly to obtain a uniform and stable precursor solution; spread the precursor solution in a flat-bottomed glass container, dry it at 90℃ for 24 h, and then cut it into particles; use an extruder to melt-extrude 500 μm red light-converting conductive fibers.

[0032] By replacing the red fluorescent dye in the first step with other dyes using the same process, green and blue light-converting conductive fibers were prepared.

[0033] Step 2: Preparation of conductive fibers coated with luminescent active layer: The dip-coating-drying method is used to mix copper-doped zinc sulfide electroluminescent powder with water-based polyurethane emulsion. The mass ratio of electroluminescent powder to polyurethane is 2:1. The conductive fibers (100 D silver-plated nylon multifilaments) are passed through a tank containing the mixture and then dried under hot air at 140°C. After multiple coatings, the diameter of the finished conductive luminescent active fibers is about 500 μm.

[0034] Step 3: RGB Pixel Construction: Traditional textile yarn uses 50D / 24f nylon multifilament. The warp density is 60 / inch, and the weft density is 60 / inch. The fabric structure is plain weave.

[0035] Step 4: Circuit Connection: The electrodes of the electroluminescent active fibers and the conductive fibers are led out and connected to the digital control circuit board. Through modular control, different display patterns are formed. The constructed R, G, B three-primary-color fabric display pixel units achieve a color gamut of 80% NTSC, 120% sRGB, and 95% Adobe RGB. See the color gamut diagram. Figure 2 . Example

[0036] Step 1: Preparation of light-converting conductive fibers: Weigh 1 g of red disperse dye (particle size 15 μm), disperse it in 10 g of N,N'-dimethylformamide, and stir thoroughly; weigh 2 g of polyester polyurethane, dissolve it in 50 g of N,N'-dimethylformamide, add 4 g of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt, and stir thoroughly to obtain a uniform and stable precursor solution; spread the precursor solution in a flat-bottomed glass container, dry it at 90℃ for 24 h, and then cut it into granules; use an extruder to melt-extrude 1000 μm red light-converting conductive fibers.

[0037] By replacing the red disperse dye in the first step with other dyes using the same process, green and blue light-converting conductive fibers were prepared.

[0038] Step 2: Preparation of conductive fibers coated with luminescent active layer: The dip-coating-drying method is used to mix copper-doped zinc sulfide electroluminescent powder with water-based polyurethane emulsion. The mass ratio of electroluminescent powder to polyurethane is 2:1. The conductive fibers (200 D silver-plated nylon multifilaments) are passed through a tank containing the mixture and then dried under hot air at 140°C. After multiple coatings, the diameter of the finished conductive luminescent active fiber is about 1000 μm.

[0039] Step 3: RGB Pixel Construction: Traditional textile yarn uses 50D / 24f nylon multifilament. The warp density is 60 / inch, and the weft density is 60 / inch. The fabric structure is twill.

[0040] Step 4: Circuit connection: The electrodes of the electroluminescent active fiber and the conductive fiber are led out and connected to the digital control circuit board. Through modular control, different display patterns are formed. Example

[0041] Step 1: Preparation of light-converting conductive fiber: Weigh 10 mg of red quantum dots (particle size 0.02 μm), disperse them in 2 g of polyester polyurethane melt, add 2 g of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt, stir thoroughly to obtain a uniform and stable precursor melt, and melt-extrude using an extruder to obtain 50 μm red light-converting conductive fiber.

[0042] By replacing the red quantum dot in the first step with other quantum dots using the same process, green and blue light-converting conductive fibers were prepared.

[0043] Step 2: Preparation of conductive fibers coated with luminescent active layer: The dip-coating-drying method is used to mix copper-doped zinc sulfide electroluminescent powder with water-based polyurethane emulsion. The mass ratio of electroluminescent powder to polyurethane is 2:1. The conductive fibers (50 D silver-plated nylon multifilaments) are passed through a tank containing the mixture and then dried under hot air at 140°C. After multiple coatings, the diameter of the finished conductive luminescent active fibers is about 100 μm.

[0044] Step 3: RGB Pixel Construction: Traditional textile yarns are made of 50D / 24f nylon multifilament. The warp density is 60 / inch, and the weft density is 60 / inch. The fabric structure is satin.

[0045] Step 4: Circuit connection: The electrodes of the electroluminescent active fiber and the conductive fiber are led out and connected to the digital control circuit board. Through modular control, different display patterns are formed.

Claims

1. A method for constructing RGB three-primary-color fabric display pixel units, characterized in that, The fabric display pixel unit comprises warp-directed conductive fibers coated with a light-emitting active layer and weft-directed red, green, and blue light-converting conductive fibers; the construction method is as follows: (1) Electroactive luminescent material is loaded onto the surface of flexible conductive fiber to obtain conductive fiber coated with luminescent active layer; (2) The polymer, conductive component and light conversion particle component are thoroughly mixed by solvent method or melt method to prepare a uniform and stable polymer-conductive component-light conversion particle composite material; red, green and blue light conversion conductive fibers are prepared by melt spinning process; the mass ratio of the conductive component to the polymer is 0.5~2; the mass ratio of the light conversion particles to the polymer is 0.01~0.5; (3) Red, green, and blue light-converting conductive fibers and conductive fibers coated with electroluminescent active layers are sequentially overlapped and contacted. First, the light-emitting material is excited to emit light of a certain wavelength and color. Then, through the upper light conversion, it is converted into red, green, and blue light to form pixels that emit red, green, and blue light. The three types of light-converting conductive fibers are periodically arranged through different weaving processes to obtain R, G, and B three-primary-color fabric display pixel units. The specific weaving process is as follows: using conductive fibers coated with a light-emitting active layer as warp threads; using light-converting conductive fibers and traditional textile yarns as weft threads; and the weave structure is one or more of plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave. (4) By designing a control circuit, a full-color fabric display device is obtained by mixing R, G and B colors.

2. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electroluminescent material mentioned in step (1) is one of inorganic electroluminescent materials and organic electroluminescent materials; the inorganic electroluminescent material is selected from SiO2-based electroluminescent materials, metal sulfide type electroluminescent materials, GaN and Zn2SiO4.

3. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer mentioned in step (2) is one of polyester polyurethane, fluororubber, and thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer; wherein the polyester polyurethane has a polyester polyol segment dicarboxylic acid monomer that is one or more of oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, and adipic acid, and a diol monomer that is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, diethylene glycol, pentanediol, hexanediol, trimethylolpropane, and glycerol; the conductive component is one or more of imidazole, pyridine, quaternary phosphate salts, quaternary ammonium salts, piperidine, and pyrrole ionic liquids; the light conversion particles are selected from organic pigments, inorganic pigments, LED phosphors, fluorescent pigments, disperse dyes, and quantum dots; the particle size of the light conversion particles is 0.02 μm to 15 μm.

4. The construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the optically conductive fiber is 50 μm to 1000 μm.

5. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step (4) describes the design of a control circuit to achieve a full-color fabric display device by mixing three colors. This involves controlling pixels of different colors to form light-emitting or non-light-emitting units, and adjusting the brightness of the pixels by controlling the voltage and frequency of the control circuit.

6. An RGB three-primary-color fabric display pixel unit obtained by the construction method according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. A full-color fabric display device with R, G, and B three-color mixing obtained by the construction method according to any one of claims 1-5.

Images