Air-suction cylinder seed metering device and seeding machine

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of air suction roller seed metering device and seeding machine, seed metering device includes shell, fixed roller, movable roller, motor, roller cover, seed tank, seed tank cover, piston cylinder, fan, seed throwing hopper, baffle frame and pull rod, fixed roller is fixed in the inside of shell, and fixed roller has multiple parallel distribution C-shaped holes on it;Movable roller is located inside fixed roller and is rotationally connected with it, and movable roller has multiple circumferentially uniform distribution transverse holes on it, C-shaped hole and transverse hole cross distribution to form type hole;Motor is transmission connected with movable roller by transmission assembly;Roller cover is covered and fixed on the open side of fixed roller, to divide movable roller into seed suction cavity, seed throwing cavity and transition cavity;Roller cover has air hole, and air hole is communicated with seed suction cavity;Seed tank bottom is open, and seed tank bottom main body is fixed on the side wall of fixed roller, and seed tank top has seed inlet, and seed tank bottom extension end has seed cleaning port;Seed tank cover is covered on seed inlet;Piston cylinder is installed on the outer wall of shell;Fan is connected with air hole and piston cylinder air hole respectively by gas delivery pipe and communicated;Seed throwing hopper is slidably connected with shell, and is fixedly connected with piston rod of piston cylinder;Baffle frame one end is fixedly connected with seed throwing hopper, and baffle frame other end corresponds with seed cleaning port position;Pull rod two ends are respectively hinged with baffle frame and seed tank cover.This application can realize one seed hole and broadcast multiple seeds, stop machine between plots, remove residual seeds and replace varieties in time in the middle area of two plots.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seeding devices, in particular to an air-suction roller-type seed metering device and a seeding machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The core mechanism of a seeding machine is a seed metering device, which determines the working quality and performance of the seeding machine, and whether or not the seeding machine can meet the requirements of agricultural technology or the degree of meeting the requirements is mainly determined by the working condition of the seed metering device. The seed metering device separates seeds from groups into individuals, and into uniform seed flow or continuous single seeds. However, for plot breeding tests, the survival rate of seeds of some new varieties is unknown or low. In order to ensure that seedlings grow in each seed hole, multiple seeds need to be sown in one seed hole. In order to meet the needs of breeding, thousands of plot tests need to be carried out, and the influence of time and climate change on test results needs to be reduced. The plot breeding test requires a special seeding machine to complete the work on the same day. The plot test requires a special seed metering device with automatic seed cleaning and replacement functions, and each variety does not cross, and the machine does not need to stop between plots, so that thousands of plots can be planned and managed.

[0003] In the prior art, patent number 202320190446.X discloses a new seeding device for corn breeding plots, which improves the intelligent degree of seeding and ensures the efficiency of seeding through intelligent seed dropping control, and ensures quick replacement of varieties and cleaning of remaining seeds without stopping through a control monitoring system, greatly reducing the cases of missed sowing and repeated sowing. However, only one seed can be sown in one seed hole, which may not grow into seedlings. Patent number 202011465906.2 discloses a plot breeding spoon wheel type precision seed metering device, which can automatically clean seeds, avoid mixed sowing, control plant spacing, effectively avoid repeated sowing and missed sowing, and needs to replace different sizes of seed spoons for different sizes of seeds. When the number of seeds is small, the problem of insufficient sowing may occur.

[0004] Therefore, it is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to provide an air-suction roller-type seed metering device and a seeding machine with high quality. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides an air-suction roller-type seed metering device and a seeding machine, which can realize the functions of sowing multiple seeds in one seed hole, not stopping between plots, and timely removing remaining seeds and replacing varieties in the middle area of two plots.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The application discloses a kind of air suction roller seed metering device, including shell, fixed cylinder, movable cylinder, motor, cylinder cover, seed tank, seed tank cover, piston cylinder, fan, seed throwing hopper, baffle frame and pull rod, the shell is semicircular ring shape;The fixed cylinder is fixed in the shell interior, the fixed cylinder has a plurality of parallel distribution C-shaped holes;The movable cylinder is located in the interior of fixed cylinder and is rotationally connected therewith, the movable cylinder has a plurality of circumferentially uniform distribution transverse holes, the C-shaped hole is crossed distribution with the transverse hole to form type hole;The motor is drivingly connected with the movable cylinder by transmission assembly;The cylinder cover is fixedly covered on the open side of the fixed cylinder, to divide the movable cylinder into suction cavity, seed throwing cavity and transition cavity;The cylinder cover has air hole, and the air hole is communicated with the suction cavity;The seed tank bottom is open, and the seed tank bottom body is fixed on the side wall of the fixed cylinder, the seed tank top has seed inlet, and the seed tank bottom extension end has seed cleaning port;The seed tank cover is covered on the seed inlet;The piston cylinder is installed on the outer wall of the shell;The fan is connected with the air hole and the air hole of the piston cylinder respectively by air pipe, and the connection is communicated;The seed throwing hopper is slidingly connected with the shell, and is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the piston cylinder;One end of the baffle frame is fixedly connected with the seed throwing hopper, and the other end of the baffle frame corresponds to the position of the seed cleaning port;The pull rod is hingedly connected with the baffle frame and the seed tank cover at two ends.

[0008] Further, it further includes brush, the seed tank top extension end has seed sweeping port, and the brush is vertically installed on the seed sweeping port.

[0009] Further, the cylinder cover includes cover body, first baffle, second baffle and third baffle, the first baffle, the second baffle and the third baffle are all fixed on the inner wall of the cover body, and the first baffle and the second baffle are 67.5 °, to form the transition cavity, the second baffle and the third baffle are 45 °, to form the seed throwing cavity, and the third baffle and the first baffle are 247.5 °, to form the suction cavity.

[0010] Further, the seed tank bottom extension end is downwardly inclined from outside to inside, and the inclination angle is 10 °.

[0011] The utility model provides a seeding machine, including frame, furrow opener, fixed axle, transmission shaft, seed tank, belt drive and air suction cylinder type seed metering device as described above, the furrow opener is installed on the frame through the connecting frame, the air suction cylinder type seed metering device is installed inside the furrow opener, the furrow opener side has air cavity, air cavity is connected with air hole and air hole respectively, the fan is installed on the frame, the fan is connected with air cavity through the air pipe, the fixed axle is fixedly penetrated through the connecting frame, the transmission shaft is penetrated through the connecting frame and is rotatably connected with it, the motor is installed on the frame, the output shaft of motor is fixedly connected with transmission shaft, and transmission shaft is drivenly connected with the dynamic cylinder through transmission assembly, the seed tank is fixed on the top of furrow opener and is communicated with it, the belt drive is installed on the frame, and the driving wheel shaft of belt drive is fixedly connected with the output shaft of tractor, and the driven wheel shaft of belt drive is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of fan.

[0012] Further, the number of furrow openers is four, and the four furrow openers are installed on the frame at equal intervals, and correspondingly, the number of air suction cylinder type seed metering devices is four, and the four air suction cylinder type seed metering devices are installed in the four furrow openers respectively, and the distance between adjacent two air suction cylinder type seed metering devices is 200 mm.

[0013] Therefore, the air suction cylinder type seed metering device and the seeding machine have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0014] 1) The fixed cylinder has multiple rows of C-shaped holes, and the C-shaped holes are cross-distributed with the transverse holes on the dynamic cylinder to form multiple rows of holes, so that one seed hole can be used to sow multiple seeds;

[0015] 2) The fan is used to realize air suction type seeding, and different sizes of seeds can be adsorbed by changing the air volume;

[0016] 3) The seed tank seed sweeping port is provided with a brush, and the height of the brush is limited to remove the redundant seeds, so as to reduce the reseeding and avoid waste;

[0017] 4) After the plot seeding work is completed, the motor continues to run in the interval of entering the next plot, and only the tractor output shaft needs to be closed to turn off the fan, so that there is no pressure difference in the dynamic cylinder, the seeds in the holes lose the adsorption force and are only subjected to the action of gravity and the dynamic cylinder, so as to naturally fall down, and the seeds in the seed tank are free to fall after losing the blocking of the baffle frame, so that the redundant seeds can be removed without stopping the machine between plots;

[0018] 5) The seed tank is located on the side above the outer circle of the fixed cylinder, the bottom extension end of the seed tank is inclined by 10°, and the seeds will continuously approach the outer circle of the fixed cylinder due to their own gravity, which is beneficial to seed filling.

[0019] 6) When all the extra seeds in the seed cleaner are cleaned out, the seed box cover can move together with the baffle frame, at the beginning, the baffle frame opens the seed box cleaning port, the seed box cover closes the seed box seed inlet port, and the next variety of seeds is blocked at the inlet port, after the completion, the baffle frame closes the seed box cleaning port, the seed box cover opens the seed box seed inlet port, and the next variety of seeds can enter the seed box, thereby effectively avoiding the cross of varieties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on the provided drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 The accompanying drawings are a structural schematic view of a gas suction roller type seed metering device provided by the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 The accompanying drawings are an exploded view of a gas suction roller type seed metering device provided by the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 The accompanying drawings are a structural schematic view of a roller cover provided by the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 The accompanying drawings are a structural schematic view of a seed box provided by the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 The accompanying drawings are a structural schematic view of a seeding machine provided by the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 The accompanying drawings are a structural schematic view of a seeding state of a gas suction roller type seed metering device provided by the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 The accompanying drawings are a structural schematic view of a seed cleaning state of a gas suction roller type seed metering device provided by the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 The accompanying drawings are a structural schematic view of a seed adsorption state of a fixed roller and a movable roller provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] With reference to the accompanying drawings: the specific embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely, obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1-8 The embodiments of the present application disclose a suction roller seed metering device, which comprises a shell 1, a fixed roller 2, a movable roller 3, a motor 4, a roller cover 5, a seed box 6, a seed box cover 7, a piston cylinder 8, a fan 9, a seed dropping bucket 10, a baffle frame 11 and a pull rod 12, the shell 1 is in the shape of a semi-circular ring; the fixed roller 2 is fixed inside the shell 1, and the fixed roller 2 has a plurality of C-shaped holes 21 distributed in parallel; the movable roller 3 is located inside the fixed roller 2 and is rotationally connected thereto, and the movable roller 3 has a plurality of transverse holes 31 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the C-shaped holes 21 and the transverse holes 31 are cross-distributed to form a forming hole, so as to realize the sowing of multiple seeds in one seed hole; the motor 4 is in transmission connection with the movable roller 3 through a transmission assembly; the roller cover 5 is fixedly covered on the open side of the fixed roller 2, so as to divide the inside of the movable roller 3 into a seed suction cavity 301, a seed dropping cavity 32 and a transition cavity 33; the roller cover 5 has an air hole 51, which is in communication with the seed suction cavity 301; the seed box 6 is open at the bottom, and the bottom body of the seed box 6 is fixed on the side wall of the fixed roller 2; the seed box 6 has a seed inlet 61 at the top and a seed cleaning port 62 at the extended end of the bottom; the seed box cover 7 is covered on the seed inlet 61; the piston cylinder 8 is installed on the outer wall of the shell 1; the fan 9 is in communication with the air hole 51 and the air hole of the piston cylinder 8 through the gas conveying pipe 13, and different sizes of seeds can be adsorbed by changing the wind power; the seed dropping bucket 10 is in sliding connection with the shell 1 and is fixedly connected with the piston rod 81 of the piston cylinder 8, in this embodiment, the shell 1 has an arc-shaped guide rail on the outside, and the seed dropping bucket 10 is in sliding connection with the arc-shaped guide rail through a cylindrical roller; one end of the baffle frame 11 is fixedly connected with the seed dropping bucket 10, and the other end of the baffle frame 11 corresponds to the position of the seed cleaning port 62; the pull rod 12 is hingedly connected with the baffle frame 11 and the seed box cover 7 at both ends. The present application can realize the functions of sowing multiple seeds in one seed hole, non-stop between plots, timely cleaning of residual seeds and replacement of varieties in the middle region of the two plots, and ensures the operation effect.

[0031] In order to further optimize the technical scheme of the present application, a brush 14 is further included, the top extended end of the seed box 6 has a seed sweeping port 63, and the brush 14 is vertically installed on the seed sweeping port 63, so as to clean the excess seeds, thereby reducing the re-sowing and avoiding waste.

[0032] Specifically, the drum cover 5 comprises a cover body 52, a first partition plate 53, a second partition plate 54 and a third partition plate 55, the first partition plate 53, the second partition plate 54 and the third partition plate 55 are all fixed on the inner wall of the cover body 52, the first partition plate 53 and the second partition plate 54 are 67.5°, so as to form the transition cavity 33, the second partition plate 54 and the third partition plate 55 are 45°, so as to form the seed dropping cavity 32, and the third partition plate 55 and the first partition plate 53 are 247.5°, so as to form the seed suction cavity 301.

[0033] In order to further optimize the technical scheme of the application, the bottom extension end of the seed box 6 is downwardly inclined from outside to inside, and the inclination angle is 10°, so that the seeds will continue to move towards the outer circle of the fixed drum 2 due to the gravity, which is beneficial to seed filling.

[0034] The embodiment of the application further discloses a seeding machine, which comprises a frame 15, furrow openers 16, a fixed shaft 17, a transmission shaft 18, a seed filling box 19, a belt transmission mechanism 20 and the above-mentioned air-suction drum type seed metering device 100, the furrow openers 16 are installed on the frame 15 through a connecting frame 201; the air-suction drum type seed metering device 100 is installed inside the furrow openers 16; the furrow openers 16 have air cavities on the sides, the air cavities are connected and communicated with the air holes 51 and the air vents respectively; the fan 9 is installed on the frame 15, and the fan 9 is connected and communicated with the air cavities through the air conveying pipe 13; in the embodiment, the air conveying pipe 13 is a polyurethane pipe; the fixed shaft 17 penetrates through and is fixed on the connecting frame 201; the transmission shaft 18 penetrates through and is rotatably connected with the connecting frame 201; the motor 4 is installed on the frame 15; the output shaft of the motor 4 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 18, the transmission shaft 18 is drivingly connected with the movable drum 3 through a transmission assembly; in the embodiment, the movable drum 3 is installed on a shaft, and the transmission assembly can be a belt transmission mechanism; the seed filling box 19 is fixed on the top of the furrow opener 16 and is connected with the furrow opener 16; the belt transmission mechanism 20 is installed on the frame 15, and the driving shaft of the belt transmission mechanism 20 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the tractor, and the driven shaft of the belt transmission mechanism 20 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the fan 9.

[0035] Specifically, the number of the furrow openers 16 is four, and the four furrow openers 16 are installed on the frame 15 at equal intervals; correspondingly, the number of the air-suction drum type seed metering devices 100 is four, and the four air-suction drum type seed metering devices 100 are installed in the four furrow openers 16 respectively, and the distance between the adjacent two air-suction drum type seed metering devices 100 is 200 mm.

[0036] The working process of the application is as follows:

[0037] The motor 4 is started to drive the transmission shaft 18 to rotate the movable roller 3, and meanwhile, the tractor output shaft drives the fan 9 to work through the belt transmission mechanism 20, the lower end air of the piston cylinder 8 is compressed to drive the piston rod 81 to rotate, the baffle frame 11 is pushed to the seed tank 6 bottom seed cleaning port 62 by the piston rod 81, and meanwhile, the baffle frame 11 pushes the seed tank cover 7 upward to open the seed tank seed inlet 61, and the next plot seed enters the seed tank 6; the C-shaped hole 21 of the fixed roller 2 and the transverse hole 31 of the movable roller 3 are cross-distributed to form a mold hole, the air in the seed suction cavity 301 is compressed, the seed in the seed tank 6 is adsorbed to be adsorbed to the mold hole, and is transported to the seed dropping cavity 32 along the C-shaped hole 21 on the fixed roller 2; after the seed is transported to the seed dropping cavity 32, since there is no pressure difference in the seed dropping cavity 32, the seed loses the adsorption force and only receives the gravity and the action force of the cylinder wall to fall into the seed dropping hopper 10. After the plot seeding work of the block is completed, the tractor output shaft is closed when entering the middle area of the two plots, the air enters the piston cylinder 8 and the seed suction cavity 301, the seed in the mold hole loses the adsorption force and only receives the gravity and the action force of the roller to fall out of the seed metering device; the piston rod 81 is reset to take the baffle frame 11 away from the seed tank 6 bottom seed cleaning port 62, and after the seed in the seed tank 6 loses the support of the baffle frame 11, the seed freely falls to complete the cleaning work of all the excess seeds in the seed metering device and add new varieties; the seed tank cover 7 loses the action force of the baffle frame 11 and moves downward, the seed inlet 61 of the seed tank 6 is closed, and the next variety of seeds is blocked at the seed inlet 61 of the seed tank 6; after the cleaning work of all the excess seeds in the seed metering device is completed, the tractor output shaft is started to repeat the operation.

[0038] The embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed by the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the related parts can be referred to the method part.

[0039] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to the embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An air-suction drum-type seed meter, characterized by, The seed sowing machine comprises a shell, a fixed roller, a movable roller, a motor, a roller cover, a seed tank, a seed tank cover, a piston cylinder, a fan, a seed throwing hopper, a baffle frame and a pull rod, the shell is in the shape of a semi-circular ring, the fixed roller is fixed inside the shell, the fixed roller is provided with a plurality of C-shaped holes distributed in parallel, the movable roller is located inside the fixed roller and is rotationally connected with the fixed roller, the movable roller is provided with a plurality of transverse holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the C-shaped holes and the transverse holes are cross-distributed to form a forming hole, the motor is drivingly connected with the movable roller through a transmission assembly, the roller cover is fixedly covered on the open side of the fixed roller to divide the inside of the movable roller into a seed suction cavity, a seed throwing cavity and a transition cavity, the roller cover is provided with an air hole, the air hole is in communication with the seed suction cavity, the seed tank is open at the bottom, the bottom body of the seed tank is fixed on the side wall of the fixed roller, the top of the seed tank is provided with a seed inlet, the extended end of the bottom of the seed tank is provided with a seed cleaning port, the seed tank cover is covered on the seed inlet, the piston cylinder is installed on the outer wall of the shell, the fan is connected in communication with the air hole and the air hole of the piston cylinder through a gas conveying pipe, the seed throwing hopper is slidingly connected with the shell and is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the piston cylinder, one end of the baffle frame is fixedly connected with the seed throwing hopper, the other end of the baffle frame corresponds to the position of the seed cleaning port, and the pull rod is hingedly connected with the baffle frame and the seed tank cover at both ends.

2. The air-suction cylinder seed metering device according to claim 1, wherein, The seed tank is further provided with a brush, the top of the seed tank is provided with a seed sweeping port, and the brush is vertically installed on the seed sweeping port.

3. A suction drum seed meter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The roller cover comprises a cover body, a first partition plate, a second partition plate and a third partition plate, the first partition plate, the second partition plate and the third partition plate are fixed on the inner wall of the cover body, the first partition plate and the second partition plate are at an angle of 67.5° to form the transition cavity, the second partition plate and the third partition plate are at an angle of 45° to form the seed throwing cavity, and the third partition plate and the first partition plate are at an angle of 247.5° to form the seed suction cavity.

4. The air-suction cylinder seed metering device of claim 1, wherein, The extended end of the bottom of the seed tank is downwardly and inwardly inclined at an angle of 10°.

5. A planter characterized by, The seed drill comprises a frame, furrowers, fixed shafts, transmission shafts, seed filling boxes, belt transmission mechanisms and the air-suction roller seed metering devices according to any one of claims 1-4, the furrowers are installed on the frame through connecting frames; the air-suction roller seed metering devices are installed inside the furrowers; the furrowers have air cavities on the sides, the air cavities are connected with the air holes and the air holes respectively; the air fans are installed on the frame, the air fans are connected with the air cavities through the air pipes; the fixed shafts are fixed through the connecting frames; the transmission shafts pass through the connecting frames and are rotatably connected with the connecting frames; the motors are installed on the frame; the output shafts of the motors are fixedly connected with the transmission shafts, the transmission shafts are drivingly connected with the moving rollers through transmission assemblies; the seed filling boxes are fixed on the top of the furrowers and are connected with the furrowers; the belt transmission mechanisms are installed on the frame, the driving shafts of the belt transmission mechanisms are fixedly connected with the output shafts of the tractors, the driven shafts of the belt transmission mechanisms are fixedly connected with the rotating shafts of the air fans.

6. A planter according to claim 5, wherein, The number of the furrowers is four, the four furrowers are installed on the frame at equal intervals, correspondingly, the number of the air-suction roller seed metering devices is four, the four air-suction roller seed metering devices are installed in the four furrowers respectively, and the distance between two adjacent air-suction roller seed metering devices is 200 mm.

Images