Electrolytic superfinishing machine for bearing outer ring raceway

Abstract

The application discloses a cylindrical and conical roller bearing outer ring raceway electrolytic superfinishing machine, which comprises a machining platform, a workpiece rotating and clamping mechanism, a machine stand column, a moving platform, a machining interval and angle adjusting mechanism and an electrolytic superfinishing system; the workpiece rotating and clamping mechanism is installed on the machining platform and is used for clamping and rotating the bearing outer ring and passing direct-current power positive poles to the bearing outer ring through a conductive slip ring; the tool cathode of the electrolytic superfinishing system is used for electrochemically dissolving the surface of the bearing outer ring raceway to form a convex profile, and a sand belt wheel is rotated to remove the passivation film generated in electrolysis; the machining interval and angle adjusting mechanism is installed on the moving platform and moves synchronously with the moving platform, is used for adjusting the machining interval and machining angle, and is suitable for machining bearings with different sizes and different angles.

Description

An electrolytic ultraprecision machine for the outer raceway of a bearing Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultra-precision machining technology, specifically to an electrolytic ultra-precision machining machine for the outer raceway of a bearing. Background Technology

[0002] The contact performance between the outer ring raceway and the rollers in cylindrical and tapered roller bearings has a significant impact on bearing life. Excessive or uneven contact stress can lead to edge effects in the contact area. Machining the outer ring raceway with a suitable profile can improve the stress distribution in the contact area, thus extending bearing life. Electrolytic ultraprecision machining can improve both the shape accuracy of the bearing outer ring raceway and optimize its surface roughness. Electrolytic ultraprecision machining includes two processes: electrochemical machining and belt grinding. Its principle is as follows: the tool cathode electrochemically dissolves the bearing outer ring raceway surface to form a convex profile, while the rotating belt wheel removes the passivation film generated by electrolysis, ultimately achieving the goal of profile shaping and improved surface roughness.

[0003] Chinese patent CN 115255528 A discloses a cutting-in type cylindrical roller electrolytic ultra-precision machine and processing method. This patent can achieve precision electrolytic ultra-precision of cylindrical rollers, but it is not applicable to the processing of the outer ring raceway of cylindrical and tapered roller bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an electrolytic ultra-precision machine for the outer ring raceway of bearings, which can meet the precision machining requirements of the outer ring raceway of cylindrical and tapered roller bearings of different models.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0006] An electrolytic ultraprecision machine for bearing outer ring raceway includes a machining platform, a workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism, a machine base column, a moving platform, a machining spacing and angle adjustment mechanism, and an electrolytic ultraprecision machining system.

[0007] The workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism is mounted on the machining platform to clamp the outer ring of the bearing for rotation, and a DC power supply is supplied to the outer ring of the bearing through a conductive slip ring;

[0008] The machine base column is fixedly mounted on the machining platform. The moving platform is slidably mounted on two guide rails on the front side of the machine base column and is driven by a motor to move up and down along the two guide rails. The machining spacing and angle adjustment mechanism is mounted on the moving platform and moves synchronously with the moving platform.

[0009] The processing distance and angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment motor, a worm gear, two worm wheels, two worm wheel arms, two adjusting arms, a screw, and two adjustment platforms. The worm gear is vertically mounted on the front side of the moving platform and is driven to rotate by the adjustment motor. The two worm wheels are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the worm gear and mesh with it. The two worm wheel arms are symmetrically fixedly connected to the two worm wheels. The lower ends of the two worm wheel arms are hinged to the upper ends of the two adjusting arms. The two adjusting arms are vertically and symmetrically mounted below the two worm wheel arms. The screw is a left-hand and right-hand bidirectional screw. The left-hand thread and the right-hand thread of the screw are threadedly connected to the two adjustment platforms. The two adjustment platforms are fixedly connected to two guide posts. The two guide posts pass through two elongated holes opened on the two adjusting arms and are slidably connected to the two adjusting arms.

[0010] The electrolytic ultra-precision machining system includes an electrolytic DC power supply, a tool cathode, a grinding mechanism, and an electrolyte circulation system. The electrolytic DC power supply is fixedly installed on the machining platform, with its positive terminal connected to a conductive slip ring and its negative terminal connected to the tool cathode. The tool cathode and the grinding mechanism are respectively fixedly installed at the ends of two adjusting arms, contacting the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring. The electrolyte circulation system provides electrolyte to the tool cathode and allows the electrolyte to be recycled.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper end of the tool cathode is fixed to the end of the adjusting arm by bolts and connected to a DC power supply through a negative wire, and the lower end of the tool cathode is provided with a machining profile that is compatible with the raceway of the outer ring of the roller bearing.

[0012] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism includes a grinding cylinder, a grinding platform, a grinding motor, and a sanding belt wheel. The grinding cylinder is fixedly mounted on the grinding platform, which is fixed to the end of the adjusting arm. The telescopic rod of the grinding cylinder extends vertically downward and is fixedly connected to the grinding motor. The drive shaft of the grinding motor extends vertically downward and is fixedly fitted with the sanding belt wheel. The sanding belt wheel contacts the inner raceway of the outer ring of the bearing.

[0013] Furthermore, the electrolyte circulation system includes an electrolyte pump and an electrolyte tank installed on the processing platform; the electrolyte pump draws electrolyte from the electrolyte tank and supplies it to the tool cathode through a delivery pipe; the electrolyte carrying the electrolysis products collects on the processing platform and returns to the electrolyte tank through a return pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the processing platform is designed with platform baffles around its perimeter. The platform baffles and the upper side of the platform together form a reflux tank for containing electrolyte. A reflux port for connecting the reflux pipe is opened at the bottom of the reflux tank.

[0015] Furthermore, the workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism includes a rotary motor, a conductive slip ring, and a three-jaw chuck. The rotary motor is fixed on the lower side of the machining platform, and the conductive slip ring is embedded on the upper side of the machining platform. The conductive slip ring includes two concentric rings. The drive end of the rotary motor passes vertically upward through the inner ring of the conductive slip ring and connects to the three-jaw chuck. The inner ring of the conductive slip ring is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the rotary motor and rotates with the rotary motor. The inner ring of the conductive slip ring is connected to a DC power supply through a positive wire to supply anode current to the workpiece. The three-jaw chuck is used to clamp the outer ring of the bearing and is energized by the DC power supply only when rotating.

[0016] Furthermore, two guide rails are vertically mounted on the front side of the base column, and a rack is mounted on the inner side of one of the guide rails. A moving motor is fixedly mounted on the moving platform, and a gear is mounted on the output shaft of the moving motor, which meshes with the rack.

[0017] Furthermore, the processing platform is fixed to the ground, and the upper and lower surfaces of the platform are used to install the electrolytic ultra-precision machining system.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] This invention employs a workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism, a machining spacing and angle adjustment mechanism, and an electrolytic ultra-precision machining system. The workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism holds the outer ring of the bearing in rotation and supplies a positive DC power supply to the outer ring via a conductive slip ring. The electrolytic ultra-precision machining system utilizes a tool cathode and a grinding wheel as the machining mechanism. The tool cathode is pre-machined to the required shape for the raceway profile, and electrolysis is performed on the circumferential direction of the raceway to form the profile. The grinding wheel, driven by a cylinder, contacts the outer ring raceway to grind the passivation film generated by electrolysis, improving surface roughness. Through these measures, high-precision machining of the bearing outer ring raceway surface can be achieved, thereby improving the shape accuracy of the bearing outer ring raceway and optimizing the raceway surface roughness. Furthermore, the machining spacing and angle adjustment mechanism allows for adjustment of the position and angle of the tool cathode and grinding wheel, enabling machining of outer ring raceways of cylindrical and tapered roller bearings of different sizes, diameters, and tilt angles, resulting in high equipment versatility. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an electrolytic ultraprecision machine for the outer ring raceway of a bearing according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 is a right-side cross-sectional view of Figure 1.

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cathode profile of the tool of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile platform of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the electrolytic ultra-precision machining system of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 23 Positive wire, 26 Negative wire, 40 Moving platform, 45 Support plate, 50 Machine base column, 55 Adjustable guide rail, 60 Screw handle, 65 Tool cathode, 70 Electrolytic DC power supply, 75 Adjusting motor, 80 Worm gear arm, 85 Guide rail, 90 Adjusting arm, 95 Moving motor, 99 Abrasive belt wheel, 100 Screw seat, 105 Screw, 110 Grinding platform, 111 Worm gear, 112 Gear, 122 Rack, 115 Machining platform, 120 Platform sidewall, 125 Grinding motor, 130 Three-jaw chuck, 135 Grinding cylinder, 150 Worm, 160 Guide column, 166 Infusion pipe, 167 Electrolyte pump, 168 Electrolyte tank, 169 Return pipe, 170 Rotary motor, 200 Bearing outer ring, 300 Worm gear shaft, 400 Adjustable platform, 500 Conductive slip ring. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and a preferred embodiment.

[0027] Referring to Figures 1-5, an electrolytic ultraprecision machine for the outer ring raceway of cylindrical and tapered roller bearings mainly includes a machining platform 115, a workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism, a machine base column 50, a moving platform 40, a machining spacing and angle adjustment mechanism, and an electrolytic ultraprecision machining system.

[0028] The processing platform 115 includes a horizontally mounted platform plate and support legs for supporting the platform plate. Platform edges 120 are provided around the platform plate to contain the electrolyte. The platform edges 120 and the upper surface of the platform form a reflux tank for containing the electrolyte, and a reflux outlet is provided at the bottom of the reflux tank. The center of the platform plate is used to install a workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism.

[0029] The workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism includes a rotary motor 170, a conductive slip ring 500, and a three-jaw chuck 130. The rotary motor 170 is fixed to the bottom surface of the machining platform 115 by bolts. The conductive slip ring 500 is embedded in a circular hole in the center of the platform plate. The conductive slip ring 500 includes two concentric rings of different diameters. The drive end of the rotary motor 170 passes vertically upward through the inner ring of the conductive slip ring 500 and connects to the three-jaw chuck 130. The inner ring of the conductive slip ring 500 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the rotary motor 170 and rotates with the rotary motor 170. The inner ring of the conductive slip ring 500 is connected to a DC power supply through a positive wire 23 to supply an anode current to the outer ring 200 of the bearing. The three-jaw chuck 130 clamps the outer ring 200 of the bearing and is energized only by the DC power supply during rotation.

[0030] The machine base column 50 is vertically fixed to the rear side of the platform plate of the processing platform 115. Two guide rails 85 are vertically installed on the front side of the machine base column 50, and a rack 122 is provided on the inner side of one of the guide rails 85.

[0031] The mobile platform 40 is slidably connected to the front side of the machine base column 50 via guide rail 85. The mobile platform 40 includes a double-layer platform, both of which are parallel to the processing platform 115. The double-layer platform is connected by a support plate 45, the front side of which is parallel to the front side of the machine base column 50. A mobile motor 95 is mounted on the second layer of the double-layer platform. The axis of the mobile motor is perpendicular to the front side of the machine base column 50. A gear 112 is mounted on the output shaft of the mobile motor 95, and the gear 112 meshes with a rack 122.

[0032] The processing distance and angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment motor 75, a worm gear 150, two worm wheels 111, two worm wheel arms 80, two adjustment arms 90, a screw 105, an adjustment guide rail 55, and two adjustment platforms 400.

[0033] The adjusting motor 75 is mounted on the first platform of the moving platform 40. The motor output shaft passes vertically downward through the first platform, and its end is coaxially fixedly connected to the worm gear 150. Two worm wheels 111, two worm wheel arms 80, and two adjusting arms 90 are symmetrically mounted on the front side of the support plate 45 with the worm gear 150 as the axis of symmetry. The two worm wheels 111 are rotatably mounted on both sides of the worm gear 150 through the worm wheel shaft 300 and mesh with the worm gear 150. The upper ends of the two worm wheel arms 80 are fixedly connected to the two worm wheels 111, and the lower ends are hinged to the upper ends of the two adjusting arms 90. The two adjusting arms 90 are vertically arranged, and their middle parts are connected to the adjusting mechanism.

[0034] The pitch adjustment mechanism includes a screw 105, a pitch adjustment guide rail 55, and two pitch adjustment platforms 400. The screw 105 is a left-hand and right-hand bidirectional screw, with a left-hand thread at the front and a right-hand thread at the rear. A screw handle 60 is connected to the front end of the screw 105. The screw 105 is rotatably mounted on the second platform of the moving platform 40 via a screw seat 100 in a direction perpendicular to the worm gear 150. The pitch adjustment guide rail 55 is mounted on one side of the screw 105. The two pitch adjustment platforms 400 are helically rotatably connected to the left-hand and right-hand threads of the screw 105, respectively, and are slidably connected to the pitch adjustment guide rail 55. Two guide posts 160 are fixedly connected to each of the two pitch adjustment platforms 400. The two guide posts 160 pass through two elongated holes opened on the two adjusting arms 90 and are slidably connected to the two adjusting arms 90. The screw 105 rotates, causing the two pitch adjustment platforms 400 to move relative to or away from each other along the pitch adjustment guide rail 55. The straight-line distance between the two pitch adjustment platforms 400 and the axis of the worm gear 150 of the worm gear device is always the same.

[0035] The principle of adjusting the processing spacing and angle is:

[0036] The worm gear 150 rotates a corresponding number of turns according to the inclination angle of the outer ring of the cylindrical and tapered roller bearings. The rotation of the worm gear 150 drives the two worm wheels 111 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the two worm wheel arms 80 to make circular motion at the same speed. The two adjusting arms 90 are driven by the worm wheel arms to slide and rotate around the two guide posts 160. The angle between the ends of the two adjusting arms 90 and the axis of the worm wheel 111 changes, and the straight distance between the ends of the adjusting arms 90 and the working platform 115 also changes.

[0037] Rotating the screw 105 causes the two adjusting platforms 400 to move the middle parts of the two adjusting arms 90 closer or further apart, thus changing the distance between the middle parts of the two adjusting arms 90.

[0038] The moving motor 95 drives the moving platform 40, which in turn moves the processing distance and angle adjustment mechanism up or down, causing the straight-line distance between the ends of the two adjusting arms 90 and the working platform 115 to change.

[0039] The above methods can meet the requirements of electrolytic ultra-precision machining of bearing inner rings with different diameters and tilt angles, while the self-locking property of the worm gear and lead screw can ensure the stability of the mechanism.

[0040] Referring to Figure 5, the electrolytic ultra-precision machining system includes an electrolytic DC power supply 70, a tool cathode 65, a grinding mechanism, and an electrolyte circulation system. The electrolytic DC power supply 70 is fixedly mounted on the platform plate of the machining platform 115, with its positive terminal connected to the conductive slip ring 500 and its negative terminal connected to the tool cathode 65. The tool cathode 65 and the grinding mechanism are respectively fixedly mounted at the ends of two adjusting arms 90. Referring to Figure 3, the upper end of the tool cathode 65 is fixed to the end of an adjusting arm 90 by bolts and is connected to the DC power supply 70 through a negative wire 26. The lower end of the tool cathode 65 is provided with a machining profile adapted to the raceway of the outer ring 200 of the cylindrical and tapered roller bearings.

[0041] The grinding mechanism includes a grinding cylinder 135, a grinding platform 110, a grinding motor 125, and a grinding belt wheel 99. The grinding cylinder 135 is fixedly mounted on the grinding platform 110, which is fixed to the end of another adjusting arm 90. The output end of the grinding cylinder 135 is perpendicular to the axis of the adjusting arm 90, and the grinding motor 125 is mounted on the output end. The drive shaft of the grinding motor is parallel to the adjusting arm 90, and the grinding belt wheel 99 is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft. The length of the grinding belt wheel 99 is greater than the length of the raceway generatrix. The grinding cylinder 135 pushes the rotating grinding belt wheel 99 to contact the raceway surface, performing complete grinding of the raceway to remove the passivation film generated by electrolysis.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1, the electrolyte circulation system includes an electrolyte pump 167, a delivery pipe 166, a return pipe 169, and an electrolyte tank 168. The electrolyte pump 167 and the electrolyte tank 168 are mounted on the machining platform 115. The inlet pipe of the electrolyte pump 167 is connected to the outlet of the electrolyte tank 168, and the outlet of the electrolyte pump 167 is connected to the tool cathode 65 through the delivery pipe 166. One end of the return pipe 169 is connected to the return port, and the other end of the return pipe is connected to the electrolyte tank 168. The electrolyte pump 167 draws electrolyte and continuously delivers high-speed electrolyte to the machining gap between the tool cathode 65 and the bearing outer ring 200 through the delivery pipe 167. The machining surface of the bearing outer ring 200 is electrolyzed, and the electrolysis products are carried away by the electrolyte. The electrolyte carrying the electrolysis products collects on the machining platform 115 and returns to the electrolyte tank 2 for reuse through the return pipe 5.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bearing outer ring raceway electrolytic ultraprecision machine, characterized in that, The system includes a machining platform (115), a workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism, a machine base column (50), a moving platform (40), a machining spacing and angle adjustment mechanism, and an electrolytic ultra-precision machining system. The workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism is mounted on the machining platform (115) and is used to clamp the outer ring (200) of the bearing for rotation. A DC power supply is supplied to the outer ring (200) of the bearing through a conductive slip ring (500). The machine base column (50) is fixedly mounted on the machining platform (115), and the moving platform (40) is slidably mounted on two guide rails (85) on the front side of the machine base column (50) and is powered by an electric current. The machine drive moves up and down along two guide rails (85). The machining spacing and angle adjustment mechanism is installed on the moving platform (40) and moves synchronously with the moving platform (40). The machining spacing and angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment motor (75), a worm (150), two worm wheels (111), two worm wheel arms (80), two adjustment arms (90), a screw (105), and two adjustment platforms (400). The worm (150) is vertically installed on the front side of the moving platform (40) and is driven to rotate by the adjustment motor (75). The two worm wheels (111) are symmetrically installed on the worm (150). The screw (105) is a left-hand and right-hand double-headed screw. The left-hand thread and right-hand thread of the screw (105) are threaded to the two adjusting arms (90) respectively. The two adjusting arms (90) are vertically and symmetrically installed below the two worm gear arms (80). The screw (105) is a left-hand and right-handed double-headed screw. The left-hand thread and right-hand thread of the screw (105) are threaded to the two adjusting platforms (400) respectively. The two adjusting platforms (400) are fixedly connected to two guide posts (160) respectively. The guide column (160) passes through two elongated holes opened on the two adjusting arms (90) and is slidably connected to the two adjusting arms (90); the electrolytic ultra-precision machining system includes an electrolytic DC power supply (70), a tool cathode (65), a grinding mechanism and an electrolyte circulation system; the electrolytic DC power supply (70) is fixedly installed on the machining platform (115), its positive terminal is connected to the conductive slip ring (500) and its negative terminal is connected to the tool cathode (65), the tool cathode (65) and the grinding mechanism are fixedly installed at the ends of the two adjusting arms (90) and in contact with the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring (200); The electrolyte circulation system supplies electrolyte to the tool cathode (65) and allows the electrolyte to be recycled.

2. The bearing outer ring raceway electrolytic ultraprecision machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the tool cathode (65) is fixed to the end of the adjusting arm (90) by bolts and connected to the DC power supply (70) through the negative wire (26). The lower end of the tool cathode (65) is provided with a machining profile that is compatible with the raceway of the outer ring (200) of the roller bearing.

3. The bearing outer ring raceway electrolytic ultraprecision machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding mechanism includes a grinding cylinder (135), a grinding platform (110), a grinding motor (125), and a grinding belt wheel (99). The grinding cylinder (135) is fixedly installed on the grinding platform (110), which is fixed at the end of the adjusting arm (90). The telescopic rod of the grinding cylinder (135) extends vertically downward and is fixedly connected to the grinding motor (125). The drive shaft of the grinding motor (125) extends vertically downward and is fixedly fitted with the grinding belt wheel (99). The grinding belt wheel (99) contacts the inner raceway of the outer ring (200) of the bearing.

4. The bearing outer ring raceway electrolytic ultraprecision machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolyte circulation system includes an electrolyte pump (167) and an electrolyte tank (168) installed on the processing platform (115); the electrolyte pump (167) draws electrolyte from the electrolyte tank (168) and supplies it to the tool cathode (65) through the delivery pipe (166); the electrolyte carrying the electrolysis products collects on the processing platform (115) and returns to the electrolyte tank (168) through the return pipe (169).

5. The bearing outer ring raceway electrolytic ultraprecision machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The processing platform (115) is designed with platform baffles (120) around its perimeter. The platform baffles (120) and the upper side of the platform form a reflux tank for containing electrolyte. The bottom of the reflux tank is provided with a reflux port for connecting the reflux pipe (169).

6. The bearing outer ring raceway electrolytic ultraprecision machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism includes a rotary motor (170), a conductive slip ring (500), and a three-jaw chuck (130). The rotary motor (170) is fixed on the lower side of the machining platform (115), and the conductive slip ring (500) is embedded on the upper side of the machining platform (115). The conductive slip ring (500) includes two concentric rings. The transmission end of the rotary motor (170) passes vertically upward through the inner ring of the conductive slip ring (500) and connects to the three-jaw chuck (130). The inner ring of the conductive slip ring (500) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the rotary motor (170) and rotates with the rotary motor. The inner ring of the conductive slip ring (500) is connected to a DC power supply through a positive wire (23) to supply anode current to the workpiece. The three-jaw chuck (130) is used to clamp the outer ring (200) of the bearing and is energized by the DC power supply only when rotating.

7. The bearing outer ring raceway electrolytic ultraprecision machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two guide rails (85) are vertically mounted on the front side of the base column (50). A rack (122) is mounted on the inner side of one of the guide rails. A moving motor (95) is fixedly mounted on the moving platform (40). A gear (112) is mounted on the output shaft of the moving motor (95). The gear (112) meshes with the rack (122).

8. The bearing outer ring raceway electrolytic ultraprecision machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing platform (115) is fixed on the ground, and the upper and lower surfaces of the platform are used to install the electrolytic ultra-precision machining system.

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