Compressed air energy storage turbine system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of compressed air energy storage technology, specifically disclosing a compressed air energy storage turbine system, including a primary heating system and a turbine system. The primary heating system includes a first steam superheater and a first steam condenser connected in series. The first steam superheater is connected to a steam source. A first extraction device is installed in the pipeline between the first steam condenser and the first steam superheater, capable of extracting steam. The turbine system includes a high-pressure gas generating assembly and a turbine high-pressure cylinder. The high-pressure gas generated by the high-pressure gas generating assembly flows sequentially through the first steam condenser, the first steam superheater, and the turbine high-pressure cylinder. The first extraction device extracts a portion of the steam, reducing the steam flow rate entering the first steam condenser, thereby matching the heat capacity of the high-pressure gas and steam in the first steam superheater and the first steam condenser, significantly increasing the inlet temperature of the turbine high-pressure cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressed air energy storage technology, and more particularly to compressed air energy storage turbine systems. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air energy storage is a key energy storage technology for building large-scale, high-capacity new power systems in the future. Its main principle is to use off-peak, low-priced electricity to drive air to high voltage for storage during energy storage, and to release the high-pressure air to drive a turbine and generator to produce electricity during energy release. Compressed air energy storage is divided into adiabatic and supplementary types. Supplementary type can significantly increase the turbine's inlet air temperature through an external heat source, thereby improving the energy storage's electricity-to-electricity conversion efficiency and the turbine's output capacity.

[0003] Steam, as a widely used heat source in industry, has attracted the attention of technical researchers. Existing research has applied steam extracted from thermal power units as an external heat source to compressed air energy storage systems to increase the turbine inlet temperature. However, current research designs using steam to heat the turbine's main and reheat gases employ a single heat exchange process, neglecting the matching of heat capacities between steam and air. Specifically, the heat released by steam includes sensible heat from temperature decrease and latent heat from isothermal condensation phase change, while air absorbs only sensible heat from temperature increase. Because the latent heat of steam and the sensible heat of air have different heat capacity characteristic curves, using a single heat exchange method often fails to adequately match the heat capacity characteristics of steam and air. This limits the effectiveness of using steam to heat air and raise its temperature, resulting in the heated compressed air temperature being significantly lower than the temperature of the heat source steam. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a compressed air energy storage turbine system to solve the problem in related technologies where the heat capacity characteristic curves of latent heat of steam and sensible heat of air are different, and the use of a single heat exchange method often fails to match the heat capacity characteristics of steam and air well, which limits the effectiveness of using steam to heat air and increase temperature.

[0005] This invention provides a compressed air energy storage turbine system, which includes:

[0006] A primary heating system includes a first steam superheater and a first steam condenser connected in series. The first steam superheater is used to communicate with a steam source. A first air extraction device is provided in the pipeline between the first steam condenser and the first steam superheater. The first air extraction device can extract steam from the pipeline between the first steam condenser and the first steam superheater.

[0007] The turbine system includes a high-pressure gas generating component and a turbine high-pressure cylinder. The high-pressure gas generating component generates high-pressure gas, which flows sequentially through a first steam condensation heater, a first steam superheater, and the turbine high-pressure cylinder.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution for the compressed air energy storage turbine system, the turbine system further includes multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders, and the regeneration gas flowing out of the turbine high-pressure cylinder flows through the multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders in sequence.

[0009] It also includes multiple secondary heating systems corresponding to the multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders. Each secondary heating system includes a second steam superheater, a second steam condenser, and a second extraction device. The steam source is connected in sequence to the second steam superheater and the second steam condenser. Before the regenerated gas enters the turbine low-pressure cylinder, it must flow in sequence through the second steam condenser and the second steam superheater corresponding to the turbine low-pressure cylinder. The second extraction device is installed on the pipeline between the second steam condenser and the second steam superheater and is used to extract steam from the pipeline between the second steam condenser and the second steam superheater.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution for the compressed air energy storage turbine system, the turbine system further includes multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders, and the regeneration gas flowing out of the turbine high-pressure cylinder flows through the multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders in sequence.

[0011] It also includes multiple secondary heating systems corresponding to the multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders. Each secondary heating system includes a second steam condensation heater. The inlet of the second steam condensation heater is connected to the pipeline between the first steam condensation heater and the first extraction device. The second steam condensation heater is used to heat the regeneration gas entering the corresponding turbine low-pressure cylinder.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution for the compressed air energy storage turbine system, the condensate flowing out of the first steam condensation heater and the second steam condensation heater flows into the heating equipment.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution for compressed air energy storage turbine systems, the steam source is generated by thermal power units.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution for a compressed air energy storage turbine system, the high-pressure gas generating component includes an air compressor and a gas storage tank. The air compressor's inlet is connected to the atmosphere, and the air compressor's outlet is connected to the gas storage tank. The gas storage tank is used to provide high-pressure gas to the turbine's high-pressure cylinder.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution for a compressed air energy storage turbine system, the turbine system further includes a temperature monitoring component, which is used to monitor the gas temperature entering the high-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder of the turbine.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution for a compressed air energy storage turbine system, the first extraction component includes a first switching valve and a first flow monitoring component. The inlet of the first switching valve is connected to the outlet of the first flow monitoring component, and the inlet of the first flow monitoring component is connected to the pipeline between the first steam condensation heater and the first steam superheater.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution for the compressed air energy storage turbine system, the first air extraction component further includes a first air extraction pump, which is connected to the air outlet of the first switching valve.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution for a compressed air energy storage turbine system, the second air extraction component includes a second air extraction pump, a second switching valve, and a second flow monitoring component connected in series. The air inlet of the second flow monitoring component is connected to the pipeline between the second steam condensation heater and the second steam superheater heater.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] This invention provides a compressed air energy storage turbine system, comprising a primary heating system and a turbine system. The primary heating system includes a first steam superheater and a first steam condenser connected in series. The first steam superheater is connected to a steam source. A first extraction device is installed in the pipeline between the first steam condenser and the first steam superheater, capable of extracting steam from the pipeline between the two heaters. The turbine system includes a high-pressure gas generating assembly and a turbine high-pressure cylinder. The high-pressure gas generating assembly generates high-pressure gas, which flows sequentially through the first steam condenser, the first steam superheater, and the turbine high-pressure cylinder. The high-pressure gas generating assembly generates high-pressure gas and then delivers it to the turbine high-pressure cylinder. During this process, steam flows sequentially through the first steam superheater and the first steam condenser, which heat the high-pressure gas in turn. The heat exchange process between steam and air is divided into a superheating section and a condensation section, which are respectively located in the first steam superheater and the first steam condenser. Steam first releases sensible heat and cools down by passing through a first steam superheater, then releases latent heat by passing through a first steam condenser, undergoing a phase change and condensing into water. High-pressure gas first passes through a first steam condenser and then through a first steam superheater to be heated, before entering the turbine for expansion and work. A steam extraction point is set between the first steam superheater and the first steam condenser. A first extraction device extracts steam, reducing the steam flow rate entering the first steam condenser. This ensures that the heat capacity of the high-pressure gas and steam in the first steam superheater and the first steam condenser are matched, thereby fully utilizing the high calorific value of the steam, increasing the turbine's inlet temperature to near the steam source temperature level, and improving the output capacity of the compressed air energy storage turbine. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the compressed air energy storage turbine system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the compressed air energy storage turbine system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the compressed air energy storage turbine system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0024] In the picture:

[0025] 11. First steam superheater; 12. First steam condenser; 13. Steam source; 14. First extraction device;

[0026] 21. High-pressure gas generating assembly; 22. High-pressure turbine cylinder; 23. Low-pressure turbine cylinder;

[0027] 31. Second steam superheater; 32. Second steam condenser; 33. Second extraction unit. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "under," and "below" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a compressed air energy storage turbine system, which includes a primary heating system and a turbine system. The primary heating system includes a first steam superheater 11 and a first steam condenser 12 connected in series. The first steam superheater 11 is used to communicate with a steam source 13. A first extraction component 14 is provided in the pipeline between the first steam condenser 12 and the first steam superheater 11. The first extraction component 14 can extract steam from the pipeline between the first steam condenser 12 and the first steam superheater 11. The turbine system includes a high-pressure gas generating component 21 and a turbine high-pressure cylinder 22. The high-pressure gas generating component 21 generates high-pressure gas, which flows sequentially through the first steam condenser 12, the first steam superheater 11, and the turbine high-pressure cylinder 22. High-pressure gas generating component 21 generates high-pressure gas, which is then sent to the turbine high-pressure cylinder 22. During this process, steam flows sequentially through the first steam superheater 11 and the first steam condenser 12, which heat the high-pressure gas in turn. The heat exchange process between steam and air is divided into a superheating section and a condensation section, which are respectively located in the first steam superheater 11 and the first steam condenser 12. The steam first releases sensible heat and cools down by passing through the first steam superheater 11, and then releases latent heat by passing through the first steam condenser 12, undergoing a phase change and condensing into water. The high-pressure gas is first heated by passing through the first steam condenser 12 and then through the first steam superheater 11, and then enters the turbine high-pressure cylinder 22 to expand and do work. A steam extraction point is set between the first steam superheater 11 and the first steam condenser 12. The first extraction component 14 extracts steam, reducing the steam flow rate entering the first steam condenser 12. This makes the heat capacity of the high-pressure gas in the first steam superheater 11 and the first steam condenser 12 match that of the steam, thereby making full use of the calorific value of the steam, increasing the turbine's inlet temperature to a level close to that of the steam source 13, and improving the output capacity of the compressed air energy storage turbine.

[0034] Specifically, the first extraction element 14 extracts steam, thereby reducing the amount of steam flowing into the first steam condensation heater 12, and thus allowing the steam in the first steam condensation heater 12 to quickly release its latent heat.

[0035] Optionally, the turbine system also includes multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders 23, and the regenerated gas flowing out of the turbine high-pressure cylinder 22 flows through the multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders 23 in sequence; the compressed air energy storage turbine system also includes multiple secondary heating systems corresponding one-to-one with the multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders 23. The secondary heating system includes a second steam superheater 31, a second steam condenser 32, and a second extraction component 33. The steam source 13 is connected to the second steam superheater 31 and the second steam condenser 32 in sequence. Before the regenerated gas enters the turbine low-pressure cylinder 23, it needs to flow through the second steam condenser 32 and the second steam superheater 31 corresponding to the turbine low-pressure cylinder 23 in sequence. The second extraction component 33 is provided on the pipeline between the second steam condenser 32 and the second steam superheater 31 and is used to extract steam from the pipeline between the second steam condenser 32 and the second steam superheater 31. In this embodiment, the gas discharged through the turbine high-pressure cylinder 22 is regeneration gas. Although the pressure of the regeneration gas is somewhat reduced, it is still a high-pressure gas. The regeneration gas flows sequentially into multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders 23, thereby generating mechanical energy in the turbine low-pressure cylinders 23. In this process, a secondary heating system is set up to increase the temperature of the regeneration gas. The structure of the secondary heating system is the same as that of the primary heating system, and will not be described in detail here.

[0036] Optionally, the condensate flowing from the first steam condensate heater 12 and the second steam condensate heater 32 flows into the heating equipment. In this embodiment, the temperature of the condensate flowing from the first steam condensate heater 12 and the second steam condensate heater 32 is usually above 60°C, so injecting it into the heating equipment can improve the utilization rate of steam.

[0037] Optionally, the steam source 13 is generated by a thermal power unit. In this embodiment, a portion of the steam generated by the thermal power unit is used as the steam source 13 for both the primary and secondary heating systems.

[0038] Optionally, the high-pressure gas generating assembly 21 includes an air compressor and a gas storage tank. The air compressor's inlet is connected to the atmosphere, and its outlet is connected to the gas storage tank. The gas storage tank is used to supply high-pressure gas to the turbine's high-pressure cylinder 22. In this embodiment, the air compressor is driven by off-peak electricity to convert air into high-pressure gas, which is then stored in the gas storage tank. When the turbine system is operating, the gas storage tank provides high-pressure gas.

[0039] Optionally, the turbine system further includes a temperature monitoring component for monitoring the gas temperatures entering the high-pressure cylinder 22 and the low-pressure cylinder 23. In this embodiment, the operating states of the first extraction component 14 and the second extraction component 33 are determined based on the gas temperatures entering the high-pressure cylinder 22 and the low-pressure cylinder 23 monitored by the temperature monitoring component. Specifically, the temperature monitoring component includes thermocouples inserted into the air inlets of the high-pressure cylinder 22 and the low-pressure cylinder 23, and a display device communicatively connected to the thermocouples, which displays the temperatures measured by the thermocouples.

[0040] Optionally, the first extraction component 14 includes a first switching valve and a first flow monitoring component. The inlet of the first switching valve is connected to the outlet of the first flow monitoring component, and the inlet of the first flow monitoring component is connected to the pipeline between the first steam condensing heater 12 and the first steam superheating heater 11. In this embodiment, when the first extraction component 14 needs to extract steam, the first switching valve is opened. At this time, part of the steam flowing out from the first steam superheating heater 11 flows out from the first switching valve, and at the same time, the first flow monitoring component monitors the amount of steam flowing out.

[0041] Optionally, the first extraction component 14 further includes a first extraction pump, which is connected to the outlet of the first switching valve. In this embodiment, the efficiency of steam extraction is adjusted by regulating the operating efficiency of the first extraction pump.

[0042] Optionally, the second extraction component 33 includes a second extraction pump, a second switching valve, and a second flow monitoring device connected in series. The inlet of the second flow monitoring device is connected to the pipeline between the second steam condensation heater 32 and the second steam superheater 31. In this embodiment, the working principle of the second extraction component 33 is the same as that of the first extraction component 14, and will not be described again here.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the secondary heating system includes a second steam condensation heater 32. The inlet of the second steam condensation heater 32 is connected to the pipeline between the first steam condensation heater 12 and the first extraction component 14. The second steam condensation heater 32 is used to heat the regeneration gas entering the corresponding turbine low-pressure cylinder 23. In this embodiment, the second steam condensation heater 32 heats the regeneration gas flowing out of the turbine high-pressure cylinder 22, thereby making the regeneration gas suitable for the turbine low-pressure cylinder 23, and then it enters the turbine low-pressure cylinder 23 to expand and do work.

[0045] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compressed air energy storage turbine system, characterized by, include: The primary heating system includes a first steam superheater (11) and a first steam condenser (12) connected in series. The first steam superheater (11) is used to communicate with a steam source (13). A first air extraction component (14) is provided in the pipeline between the first steam condenser (12) and the first steam superheater (11). The first air extraction component (14) can extract steam from the pipeline between the first steam condenser (12) and the first steam superheater (11). The turbine system includes a high-pressure gas generating assembly (21) and a turbine high-pressure cylinder (22). The high-pressure gas generating assembly (21) generates high-pressure gas, which flows sequentially through the first steam condensation heater (12), the first steam superheater (11), and the turbine high-pressure cylinder (22).

2. The compressed air energy storage turbine system of claim 1, wherein, The turbine system also includes multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders (23), and the regeneration gas flowing out of the turbine high-pressure cylinder (22) flows through the multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders (23) in sequence; It also includes multiple secondary heating systems corresponding one-to-one with the multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders (23). The secondary heating system includes a second steam superheater (31), a second steam condenser (32), and a second extraction device (33). The steam source (13) is connected in series with the second steam superheater (31) and the second steam condenser (32). Before the regenerated gas enters the turbine low-pressure cylinder (23), it needs to flow through the second steam condenser (32) and the second steam superheater (31) corresponding to the turbine low-pressure cylinder (23) in sequence. The second extraction device (33) is provided on the pipeline between the second steam condenser (32) and the second steam superheater (31) and is used to extract steam from the pipeline between the second steam condenser (32) and the second steam superheater (31).

3. The compressed air energy storage turbine system of claim 1, wherein, The turbine system also includes multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders (23), and the regeneration gas flowing out of the turbine high-pressure cylinder (22) flows through the multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders (23) in sequence; It also includes multiple secondary heating systems corresponding to the multiple turbine low-pressure cylinders (23) one by one. The secondary heating system includes a second steam condensation heater (32). The air inlet of the second steam condensation heater (32) is connected to the pipeline between the first steam condensation heater (12) and the first air extraction component (14). The second steam condensation heater (32) is used to heat the regeneration gas entering the corresponding turbine low-pressure cylinder (23).

4. The compressed air energy storage turbine system of claim 2 or 3, wherein, The condensate flowing out of the first steam condensate heater (12) and the second steam condensate heater (32) flows into the heating equipment.

5. The compressed air energy storage turbine system of claim 1, wherein, The steam source (13) is generated by a thermal power unit.

6. The compressed air energy storage turbine system of claim 1, wherein, The high-pressure gas generating assembly (21) includes an air compressor and a gas storage tank. The air compressor’s inlet is connected to the atmosphere, and the air compressor’s outlet is connected to the gas storage tank. The gas storage tank is used to provide high-pressure gas to the turbine high-pressure cylinder (22).

7. The compressed air energy storage turbine system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The turbine system also includes a temperature monitoring component for monitoring the gas temperature entering the turbine high-pressure cylinder (22) and the turbine low-pressure cylinder (23).

8. The compressed air energy storage turbine system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first air extraction component (14) includes a first switching valve and a first flow monitoring component. The air inlet of the first switching valve is connected to the air outlet of the first flow monitoring component, and the air inlet of the first flow monitoring component is connected to the pipeline between the first steam condensing heater (12) and the first steam superheating heater (11).

9. The compressed air energy storage turbine system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first air extraction component (14) also includes a first air extraction pump, which is connected to the air outlet of the first switching valve.

10. The compressed air energy storage turbine system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second extraction component (33) includes a second extraction pump, a second switching valve, and a second flow monitoring component connected in series. The inlet of the second flow monitoring component is connected to the pipeline between the second steam condensation heater (32) and the second steam superheater (31).

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