Gear type adjustable flow pressure compensating emitter and method

Abstract

The application discloses a gear type adjustable flow pressure compensation irrigator and method, which comprises a cover and a base, a flow channel inner core is arranged in the inner cavity of the base, a pressure compensation gasket is arranged between the flow channel inner core and the cover, a plug is arranged on the top of the cover, a water outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the base, the flow channel inner core comprises a labyrinth flow channel inner tooth, one side of the labyrinth flow channel inner tooth is provided with a labyrinth flow channel water outlet, the base comprises a labyrinth flow channel outer tooth, the labyrinth flow channel outer tooth and the labyrinth flow channel inner tooth are matched to form a labyrinth flow channel, one side of the labyrinth flow channel outer tooth is provided with a labyrinth flow channel water inlet, and the center area of the labyrinth flow channel inner tooth is communicated with the water outlet pipe; the application achieves the purpose of reducing flow, the irrigator is convenient to prepare, low in cost and suitable for large-scale production, and is more suitable for large-area and long-distance drip irrigation operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of irrigation device design technology, and in particular to a gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensated irrigation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Drip irrigation can significantly improve water resource utilization, which is of great benefit to China as a major agricultural country. The hydraulic performance of drip irrigation emitters is a key factor affecting the quality of drip irrigation, and its hydraulic performance is mainly determined by the structure of the flow channel. The hydraulic performance of the flow channel is expressed by the flow index; the smaller the flow index, the better the uniformity of irrigation, and thus the better the hydraulic performance. Pressure-compensated emitters have advantages such as good compensation performance, uniform irrigation, long laying length, and wide applicability. They are particularly suitable for situations with large terrain undulations, unstable system pressure, and long capillary tubes, and have become a research hotspot worldwide.

[0003] Currently, in the field of drip irrigation technology, the flow rate of the emitter often exceeds the required irrigation flow rate, which leads to water waste. The main way to reduce the flow rate of the emitter is to reduce the water pressure of the irrigation source, which is mainly achieved by adjusting the irrigation source valve. However, this method of adjusting by reducing the water pressure of the irrigation source is not precise enough, so the flow rate of the emitter cannot be accurately reduced to the required irrigation flow rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensating irrigation device and method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensation water emitter, including a top cover and a base. The inner cavity of the base is provided with a flow channel core, and a pressure compensation gasket is provided between the flow channel core and the top cover. A plug is provided on the top of the top cover, and a water outlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the base. The flow channel core includes labyrinth flow channel inner teeth, and a labyrinth flow channel outlet is provided on one side of the labyrinth flow channel inner teeth. The base includes labyrinth flow channel outer teeth. The labyrinth flow channel outer teeth and labyrinth flow channel inner teeth cooperate to form a labyrinth flow channel. A labyrinth flow channel inlet is provided on one side of the labyrinth flow channel outer teeth, and the central area of ​​the labyrinth flow channel inner teeth is connected to the water outlet pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the inner side of the upper cover is provided with an internal thread, and the outer side of the base is provided with an external thread, wherein the internal thread and the external thread are engaged.

[0007] Preferably, the central region of the inner teeth of the labyrinth flow channel is provided with a through hole.

[0008] Preferably, the inner core of the flow channel further includes an annular platform, which mates with the inner cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the water outlet pipe extends into the inner cavity and rotates with the bottom of the base. The portion of the water outlet pipe extending into the inner cavity is provided with an external toothed ring, and the inner ring of the annular platform is provided with an internal toothed ring. The external toothed ring and the internal toothed ring mesh with each other.

[0010] Preferably, the base has a fixing groove above the outer teeth of the labyrinth channel that cooperates with the pressure compensation pad, and a guide channel communicating with the inlet of the labyrinth channel is provided on one side of the fixing groove.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure compensation pad is a disc-shaped elastic diaphragm made of silicone.

[0012] In addition, the present invention also discloses a watering method for the above-mentioned gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensating water emitter, which includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Water flows through the plug into the area between the pressure compensation pad and the top cover, then enters the labyrinth inlet through the guide channel, and then passes through the labyrinth channel formed by the outer teeth and inner teeth of the labyrinth channel. After energy dissipation in the labyrinth channel, the water flows out from the labyrinth outlet into the outlet pipe, and finally flows out from the outlet pipe to realize the drip irrigation process.

[0014] S2. When the irrigation water pressure is too high, the pressure compensation pad will be concave downwards, thus occupying part of the labyrinth channel. This reduces the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the labyrinth channel and increases the head loss of the water flow, thereby reducing the flow rate of the emitter. When the pressure compensation pad reaches its deformation limit and the flow rate of the emitter still exceeds the required irrigation flow rate, the outlet pipe is rotated, causing the inner core of the channel to rotate. This reduces the distance between the inner and outer teeth of the labyrinth channel, thereby reducing the channel width, decreasing the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow, increasing the head loss of the water flow, and further reducing the flow rate of the emitter.

[0015] S3. When the irrigation water pressure is low, the elastic gasket does not deform. If the flow rate of the emitter exceeds the required irrigation flow rate, the outlet pipe is rotated to make the inner core of the flow channel rotate, thereby reducing the distance between the inner teeth and outer teeth of the labyrinth flow channel, which in turn reduces the width of the flow channel, reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow, increases the head loss of the water flow, and further reduces the flow rate of the emitter.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S1, when the water flows through the labyrinth channel formed by the outer teeth and inner teeth of the labyrinth channel, it is divided into two streams within the labyrinth channel. Due to the tortuous and varied flow path, the water flow is prone to vortex motion within the channel. The vortex motion is accompanied by the loss of mechanical energy. Finally, the two streams of water collide and mix before the outlet of the labyrinth channel, thus achieving the energy dissipation process.

[0017] Beneficial effects of this invention:

[0018] The water emitter of this invention features a ring-shaped flow channel unit that combines vortex energy dissipation and counter-current energy dissipation. This combination provides excellent energy dissipation while reducing the size of the emitter and saving materials. The pressure compensation gasket effectively compensates for excessive water pressure, ensuring stable water output. Furthermore, when the flow rate needs to be reduced, the inner core of the flow channel is rotated to change the channel width, making it more difficult for water to pass through and thus reducing the flow rate. This invention's emitter is easy to manufacture, inexpensive, and suitable for large-scale production, making it ideal for large-area, long-distance drip irrigation operations. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensating sprinkler.

[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensating sprinkler.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the central base;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inner core of the central flow channel;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the base and the inner core of the flow channel are assembled together.

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the fluid domain of the irrigation device;

[0026] Figure 8 Vector diagram of the flow path velocity in the maze;

[0027] Figure 9 Numerical simulation diagram of sand particle movement trajectory in a maze flow channel;

[0028] Figure 10 A pressure-flow rate curve for the water emitter;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable flow rate principle of the water dispenser. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Example 1: As Figure 1-6As shown, a gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensating water emitter includes an upper cover 1 and a base 3. The inner cavity 4 of the base 3 is provided with a flow channel core 2. A pressure compensation gasket 5 is provided between the flow channel core 2 and the upper cover 1. A plug 11 is provided on the top of the upper cover 1. A water outlet pipe 31 is provided at the bottom of the base 3. The flow channel core 2 includes labyrinth flow channel inner teeth 21. A labyrinth flow channel outlet 22 is provided on one side of the labyrinth flow channel inner teeth 21. The base 3 includes labyrinth flow channel outer teeth 34. The labyrinth flow channel outer teeth 34 and the labyrinth flow channel inner teeth 21 cooperate to form a labyrinth flow channel. A labyrinth flow channel inlet 33 is provided on one side of the labyrinth flow channel outer teeth 34. The central area of ​​the labyrinth flow channel inner teeth 21 is connected to the water outlet pipe 31. In this embodiment, both the outer teeth 34 and the inner teeth 21 of the labyrinth flow channel are isosceles triangular structures with a vertex angle of 47°. The side length of the outer teeth is 4.3 mm and the side length of the inner teeth is 3.25 mm. There are a total of 12 flow channel units. The width of the gear-type labyrinth flow channel is 1 mm and the depth of the flow channel is 1 mm.

[0032] Preferably, the inner side of the upper cover 1 is provided with an internal thread 12, and the outer side of the base 3 is provided with an external thread 36, and the internal thread 12 and the external thread 36 are engaged.

[0033] Preferably, the central region of the inner tooth 21 of the labyrinth flow channel is provided with a through hole.

[0034] Preferably, the inner core 2 of the flow channel further includes an annular platform 24, which cooperates with the inner cavity 4.

[0035] Preferably, the water outlet pipe 31 extends into the inner cavity 4 and rotates with the bottom of the base 3. The part of the water outlet pipe 31 extending into the inner cavity 4 is provided with an external toothed ring 35, and the inner ring of the annular platform 24 is provided with an internal toothed ring 23. The external toothed ring 35 and the internal toothed ring 23 mesh with each other.

[0036] Preferably, the base 3 has a fixing groove 37 above the labyrinth channel outer teeth 34 that cooperates with the pressure compensation pad 5, and a guide channel 32 communicating with the labyrinth channel inlet 33 is provided on one side of the fixing groove 37.

[0037] Preferably, the pressure compensation pad 5 is a disc-shaped elastic diaphragm made of silicone. In this embodiment, when the irrigation water pressure is low, water enters the irrigation device through the emitter plug. The low-pressure water impacts the elastic diaphragm, but since the conditions for deformation are not met, the elastic diaphragm does not deform. When the irrigation water pressure is too high, a large pressure difference is formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the elastic diaphragm, causing it to deform. The deformed diaphragm compresses the flow channel and the inner cavity of the flow channel core, reducing their volume. This decreases the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow and increases the head loss, thereby maintaining a stable outflow from the emitter.

[0038] Preferably, such as Figure 7As shown, two optimized flow channel models are proposed based on this flow channel: changing the isosceles triangular structure of the external teeth of the gear-type labyrinth flow channel to an isosceles trapezoidal structure, or rounding off the sharp corners.

[0039] In addition, the present invention also discloses a watering method for the above-mentioned gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensating water emitter, which includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. Water flows through the plug 11 into the area between the pressure compensation pad 5 and the top cover 1, then enters the labyrinth flow channel inlet 33 through the guide channel 32, and then passes through the labyrinth flow channel formed by the labyrinth flow channel outer teeth 34 and the labyrinth flow channel inner teeth 21 in sequence. After the water flow dissipates energy in the labyrinth flow channel, it enters the outlet pipe 31 from the labyrinth flow channel outlet 22, and finally flows out from the outlet pipe 31 to realize the drip irrigation process.

[0041] S2. When the irrigation water pressure is too high, the pressure compensation pad 5 will be concave downwards, thereby occupying part of the labyrinth flow channel, reducing the flow end area of ​​the labyrinth flow channel, increasing the head loss of the water flow, and thus reducing the flow rate of the irrigator; when the deformation of the pressure compensation pad 5 reaches its limit, if the flow rate of the irrigator still exceeds the required irrigation flow rate, the outlet pipe 31 will be rotated to make the inner core 2 of the flow channel rotate, thereby reducing the distance between the inner teeth 21 and the outer teeth 34 of the labyrinth flow channel, which in turn reduces the width of the flow channel, reduces the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow, increases the head loss of the water flow, and further reduces the flow rate of the irrigator.

[0042] S3. When the irrigation water pressure is low, the elastic pad does not deform. If the flow rate of the emitter exceeds the required irrigation flow rate, the outlet pipe 31 is rotated to make the inner core 2 of the flow channel rotate, thereby reducing the distance between the inner teeth 21 and the outer teeth 34 of the labyrinth flow channel, which in turn reduces the width of the flow channel, reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow, increases the head loss of the water flow, and further reduces the flow rate of the emitter.

[0043] Furthermore, in step S1, when the water flows through the labyrinth channel formed by the outer teeth 34 and the inner teeth 21 of the labyrinth channel, it is divided into two streams within the labyrinth channel. Due to the tortuous and varied flow path, the water flow is prone to vortex motion within the channel. The vortex motion is accompanied by the loss of mechanical energy. Finally, the two streams of water collide and mix in front of the outlet 22 of the labyrinth channel, thus achieving the energy dissipation process.

[0044] Example 2:

[0045] As attached Figure 8As shown, this invention uses Fluent software, which is similar to reality, for numerical simulation to simulate the fluid velocity distribution in the gear-shaped labyrinth channel of the water emitter. By observing the velocity vector diagram, it can be seen that there are many vortices at the velocity inflection point, and before the outlet of the water emitter channel, the two water flows have opposite lateral velocities. The two water flows collide, which further improves the energy dissipation effect and is the key factor for the good hydraulic performance of this water emitter.

[0046] Example 3:

[0047] As attached Figure 9 As shown, using the discrete phase model in Fluent software, the RNG k-ε model is selected for the viscosity model, which can well handle flows with large streamline tortuosity. Sand with a particle size of 0.1 mm and a density of 2500 g / m³ is used. 3 The sediment content is 1%. The particle trajectory diagram clearly shows that the sediment particles undergo vortex motion at the sharp corner of the flow channel triangle. Simultaneously, particle trajectory simulation of the optimized model shows that the number of vortex motions of sediment particles decreases in the isosceles trapezoidal flow channel, and there is basically no vortex motion in the circular arc reduction flow channel, further improving the anti-clogging performance.

[0048] Example 4:

[0049] Hydraulic performance tests of the emitter were conducted in the laboratory to obtain the flow rate of the emitter under pressures of 10 kPa-100 kPa, and the HQ curve was fitted, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 10 As shown, the starting pressure of the water emitter is 50 kPa, the flow rate is about 10 L / h, and the pressure compensation range is 50 kPa-100 kPa.

[0050] Simultaneously, when the pressure head cannot be changed and the flow rate needs to be reduced, the inner core of the flow channel is rotated. Depending on the angle of the retaining teeth, the inner core of the flow channel can rotate by one or two retaining teeth, with a rotation angle of 3.6° or 7.2°, as indicated by the attached... Figure 11 As shown, the larger the rotation angle, the smaller the flow channel width. Water filling tests were conducted on three simulated water emitters, and the flow rates of the three were compared. It can be seen that under a pressure of 50 kPa, the larger the rotation angle, the smaller the flow rate, which can achieve the effect of regulating the flow rate.

[0051] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensating water emitter, comprising a top cover (1) and a base (3), wherein a flow channel core (2) is provided in the inner cavity (4) of the base (3), a pressure compensation gasket (5) is provided between the flow channel core (2) and the top cover (1), a plug (11) is provided at the top of the top cover (1), and a water outlet pipe (31) is provided at the bottom of the base (3), characterized in that: The inner core (2) of the flow channel includes labyrinth flow channel inner teeth (21), and a labyrinth flow channel outlet (22) is provided on one side of the labyrinth flow channel inner teeth (21). The base (3) includes labyrinth flow channel outer teeth (34). The labyrinth flow channel outer teeth (34) and labyrinth flow channel inner teeth (21) cooperate to form a labyrinth flow channel. A labyrinth flow channel inlet (33) is provided on one side of the labyrinth flow channel outer teeth (34). The central area of ​​the labyrinth flow channel inner teeth (21) is connected to the outlet pipe (31). The inner core (2) of the flow channel also includes an annular platform (24), which cooperates with the inner cavity (4). The outlet pipe (31) extends into the inner cavity (4) and rotates with the bottom of the base (3). The part entering the inner cavity (4) is provided with an external toothed ring (35), and the inner ring of the annular platform (24) is provided with an internal toothed ring (23). The external toothed ring (35) and the internal toothed ring (23) mesh with each other. The inner side of the upper cover (1) is provided with an internal thread (12), and the outer side of the base (3) is provided with an external thread (36). The internal thread (12) and the external thread (36) cooperate. When the water flows through the labyrinth channel formed by the external teeth (34) and the internal teeth (21) of the labyrinth channel, it is divided into two streams in the labyrinth channel. Due to the tortuous and varied flow, the water flow is prone to vortex motion in the flow channel. The vortex motion is accompanied by the loss of mechanical energy. Finally, the two streams of water flow collide and mix in front of the outlet (22) of the labyrinth channel to realize the energy dissipation process.

2. The gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensating irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The labyrinth flow channel inner tooth (21) has a through hole in the central area.

3. The gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensating irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (3) has a fixed groove (37) above the labyrinth channel outer teeth (34) that cooperates with the pressure compensation pad (5), and a guide channel (32) connected to the labyrinth channel inlet (33) is provided on one side of the fixed groove (37).

4. A gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensating irrigation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure compensation pad (5) is a disc-shaped elastic diaphragm made of silicone.

5. A watering method for a gear-type adjustable flow pressure compensating irrigator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Water flows through the plug (11) into the area between the pressure compensation pad (5) and the top cover (1), and then enters the labyrinth channel inlet (33) from the guide channel (32). Then it passes through the labyrinth channel formed by the outer teeth (34) and inner teeth (21) of the labyrinth channel. After the water flows through the labyrinth channel and dissipates energy, it enters the outlet pipe (31) from the labyrinth channel outlet (22) and finally flows out from the outlet pipe (31) to realize the drip irrigation process. S2. When the irrigation water pressure is too high, the pressure compensation pad (5) will be depressed downward, thereby occupying part of the labyrinth flow channel, which reduces the flow end area of ​​the labyrinth flow channel and increases the head loss of the water flow, thereby reducing the flow rate of the irrigator; when the deformation of the pressure compensation pad (5) reaches the limit, and the flow rate of the irrigator still exceeds the required irrigation flow rate, the outlet pipe (31) is rotated to make the inner core (2) of the flow channel rotate, thereby reducing the distance between the inner teeth (21) and the outer teeth (34) of the labyrinth flow channel, which in turn reduces the width of the flow channel, reduces the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow, increases the head loss of the water flow, and further reduces the flow rate of the irrigator. S3. When the irrigation water pressure is low, the elastic pad does not deform. If the flow rate of the water emitter exceeds the required irrigation flow rate, the outlet pipe (31) is rotated to make the inner core (2) of the flow channel rotate, thereby reducing the distance between the inner teeth (21) and the outer teeth (34) of the labyrinth flow channel, which in turn reduces the width of the flow channel, reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow, increases the head loss of the water flow, and further reduces the flow rate of the water emitter.

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