Single-toothed roller grate and single-toothed roller crusher

Abstract

This invention provides a single-toothed roller grate and a single-toothed roller crusher, belonging to the field of metal smelting. The single-toothed roller grate of this invention includes a grate body and a working layer elastically connected to the top of the grate body. The working layer's elastic extension direction is parallel to the vertical direction. Cooling channels are formed along the length of the grate body, located near the working layer, and connected to an external cooling circuit. A driving cavity communicating with the cooling channels is provided between the working layer and the grate body. The volume of the driving cavity changes with the elastic movement of the working layer, and the coolant in the cooling channels flows according to the change in the volume of the driving cavity. Compared with the prior art, this invention, by setting cooling channels in the grate body and optimizing the working layer, can solve the technical problem of wear-resistant layer cracking or peeling caused by harsh working environments in existing grates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of iron and steel smelting, and more specifically, it relates to a single-toothed roller grate. This invention also relates to a single-toothed roller crusher. Background Technology

[0002] The single-toothed roll crusher is an auxiliary equipment for the sintering machine in steel smelting equipment. It is usually installed at the tail end of the sintering machine. The large quantity of high-temperature sinter produced by the sintering machine results in relatively large sinter blocks, which need to be crushed by the single-toothed roll crusher. The single-toothed roll crusher consists of rotating toothed rolls and multiple grates arranged at certain intervals below the rolls. The head of the single-toothed roll presses the sinter through the grates, and under the squeezing action of both sides, the sinter is crushed. The outlet temperature of the sinter reaches over 800℃, and the temperature at the operating site of the single-toothed roll crusher can reach 500℃. At 600℃, the grate plate comes into direct contact with high-temperature sintered ore during use. Under the high-temperature and high-impact working environment, the grate plate is prone to wear. To address this issue, existing grate plates generally consist of a base plate and a wear-resistant layer on top of the base plate. The wear-resistant layer is typically welded to the top of the base plate, and its material is usually tungsten-carbon alloy, which is costly. Furthermore, due to the extremely harsh operating environment of existing grate plates, the wear-resistant layer is prone to cracking at the welded areas under high temperatures and external impacts, and may even detach from the grate plate. A grate plate with a detached wear-resistant layer cannot be used and requires repair, further increasing maintenance costs and negatively impacting the stability of single-toothed roller crusher production. Therefore, improvements are urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single-tooth roller grate to solve the technical problem of wear-resistant layer cracking or peeling caused by harsh working environment in existing grates.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a single-tooth roller grate is provided, comprising a grate body and a working layer elastically connected to the top of the grate body. The working layer has an elastic extension and contraction direction parallel to the vertical direction. The grate body has a cooling channel along its own length direction. The cooling channel is located on the part of the grate body adjacent to the working layer and is connected to an external cooling circuit. A driving cavity connected to the cooling channel is provided between the working layer and the grate body. The volume of the driving cavity changes with the elastic movement of the working layer, and the coolant in the cooling channel flows due to the change in the volume of the driving cavity.

[0005] In one possible implementation, an elastic hose is provided between the working layer and the grate body. The elastic hose undergoes elastic deformation under the pressure of the grate. The drive cavity is located in the elastic hose. Corresponding to the elastic hose, a countersunk hole communicating with the cooling channel is opened on the top of the grate body in the vertical direction. The two ends of the elastic hose are respectively connected to the cooling channel that is cut into two sections by the countersunk hole.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the cooling channel is provided with a one-way valve, and the flexible hose includes a flexible sealing layer and an elastic support mesh. The flexible sealing layer is coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the elastic support mesh, and both ends of the flexible sealing layer are respectively connected to the cooling channel that is cut into two sections by the countersunk hole.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the single-tooth roller grate further includes two drive levers and a drive wheel disposed in the countersunk hole. The drive levers have a contact end that abuts against the elastic hose and a drive end that is rotatably disposed in the countersunk hole. The portion of the elastic hose abutted by the drive levers is in a blocked state. The drive wheel and the drive levers rotate coaxially and synchronously. Corresponding to the drive wheel, a connecting rod is disposed at the bottom of the working layer. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the working layer, and the other end is hinged to the edge of the drive wheel.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the outer periphery of the flexible hose abuts against the inner wall of the countersunk hole, and the abutting end of the drive lever is rotatably connected to a roller that abuts against the outer wall of the flexible hose. The portion of the flexible hose squeezed by the roller is in a blocked state, and the rotation axis of the roller is coaxial with the rotation axis of the drive lever.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the working layer includes a substrate and a solder overlay layer disposed on top of the substrate, the solder overlay layer including a metal mesh soldered to the top of the substrate and solder filling the metal mesh.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the substrate has a receiving groove for accommodating the metal mesh, the size of the receiving groove gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and the metal mesh is snapped into the receiving groove.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the metal mesh is composed of multiple strips arranged in a grid pattern, the width direction of the strips being parallel to the vertical direction, and the surface of the strips having snap-fit ​​protrusions.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the bottom of the working layer is provided with an installation groove, and corresponding to the installation groove, the top of the grate body is provided with an installation protrusion, and the installation groove and the installation protrusion are plugged into each other.

[0013] Compared to existing technologies, the single-toothed roller grate provided by this invention offers the following advantages: During use, the grate of this invention, through the elastic expansion and contraction of the working layer, can buffer the impact of the sintering material, thus improving the technical problem of existing grates being easily damaged by impact. Simultaneously, during the elastic movement of the working layer, the coolant in the grate body can be driven to flow through the extrusion drive chamber, reducing the temperature of the grate body and improving the working environment of the single-toothed roller grate. This helps solve the technical problem of existing single-toothed roller grates being prone to wear-resistant layer damage or detachment due to harsh working conditions. Furthermore, the flow of coolant in the cooling channel of this invention is driven by the elastic expansion and contraction of the working layer, eliminating the need for an additional power drive device, saving equipment procurement costs, and providing a stable and reliable structure, thus offering a strong guarantee for improving the working stability of the single-toothed roller grate.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a single-toothed roller crusher, including the single-toothed roller grate as described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the single-toothed roller crusher of the present invention has all the advantages of the aforementioned single-toothed roller grate, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the single-tooth roller grate provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the single-toothed roller crusher in this invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship between the metal mesh and the solder provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the solder overlay layer and the substrate provided by the present invention.

[0021] In the picture:

[0022] 1. Main body of the grate; 11. Cooling channel; 12. Flexible hose; 13. Countersunk hole; 131. Drive lever; 1311. Roller; 132. Drive wheel; 133. Connecting rod; 14. Flexible rubber layer;

[0023] 2. Working layer; 21. Substrate; 210. Receiving groove; 22. Solder overlay layer; 221. Metal mesh; 2211. Snap-fit ​​protrusion; 222. Solder. Detailed Implementation

[0024] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "back" appear, indicating orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0026] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, a connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in light of the specific circumstances.

[0027] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] Overall, the present invention mainly reduces the internal temperature of the single-tooth roller grate by setting a self-circulating cooling mechanism on the single-tooth roller grate, and buffers the external impact received by the working layer 2 to a certain extent by elastically connecting the working layer 2 with the grate body 1.

[0029] Based on the above inventive concept, a more specific implementation method is proposed. For details, please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 4In this embodiment, the single-tooth roller grate of the present invention includes a grate body 1 and a working layer 2 elastically connected to the top of the grate body 1. The working layer 2 has an elastic extension and contraction direction parallel to the vertical direction. The grate body 1 has a cooling channel 11 along its own length direction. The cooling channel 11 is located at the part of the grate body 1 adjacent to the working layer 2 and is connected to an external cooling circuit. A driving cavity connected to the cooling channel 11 is provided between the working layer 2 and the grate body 1. The volume of the driving cavity changes with the elastic movement of the working layer 2, and the coolant in the cooling channel 11 flows due to the change in the volume of the driving cavity.

[0030] Compared with existing technologies, the grate in this embodiment, through the elastic expansion and contraction of the working layer 2, can buffer the impact of sintering material during use, thereby improving the technical problem of existing grates being easily damaged by impact. Simultaneously, during the elastic movement of the working layer 2 in this embodiment, it can drive the flow of coolant in the grate body 1 through the compression drive chamber, reducing the temperature of the grate body 1 and improving the working environment of the single-toothed roller grate. This helps solve the technical problem of the wear-resistant layer of existing single-toothed roller grates being easily damaged or detached due to harsh working conditions. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the flow of coolant in the cooling channel 11 is driven by the elastic expansion and contraction of the working layer 2, eliminating the need for an additional power drive device, saving equipment procurement costs, and providing a stable and reliable structure, thus offering a strong guarantee for improving the working stability of the single-toothed roller grate.

[0031] Optionally, a flexible rubber layer 14 is provided between the working layer 2 and the grate body 1. Regarding how the movement of the working layer 2 causes a change in the volume of the drive cavity, the following feasible implementation methods are available:

[0032] In some embodiments, the drive cavity is surrounded by an elastic receiving ball, which has two openings respectively connected to the cooling channel 11 and the cooling circuit. The elastic receiving ball possesses an elastic force that allows it to maintain its maximum volume. Correspondingly, a one-way valve is provided in the cooling circuit connected to the cooling channel 11. When the elastic receiving ball is squeezed by the working layer 2, it drives the coolant in the cooling channel 11 to flow into the cooling circuit. When the working layer 2 moves away from the elastic receiving ball, the elastic receiving ball gradually returns to its original shape. During this process, the coolant in the cooling circuit is drawn into the elastic receiving ball through cooperation with the one-way valve. This process repeats, thus forming a circulating flow of coolant in the grate body 1. Simultaneously, in this embodiment, the cooling circuit can utilize its large surface area to exchange heat with the external environment (such as being immersed in cold water), ensuring that the coolant flowing into the elastic receiving ball remains at a low temperature.

[0033] In addition to the feasible implementation methods described above, a more preferred embodiment is that an elastic hose 12 is provided between the working layer 2 and the grate body 1. The elastic hose 12 undergoes elastic deformation under the pressure of the grate. The drive chamber is located within the elastic hose 12. Corresponding to the elastic hose 12, a countersunk hole 13 is formed at the top of the grate body 1 along the vertical direction, communicating with the cooling channel 11. Both ends of the elastic hose 12 are respectively connected to the cooling channel 11, which is cut into two sections by the countersunk hole 13. In this embodiment, the tubular drive chamber facilitates the flow of coolant in the cooling channel 11, reducing the resistance to the flow of coolant in the drive chamber and the cooling channel 11.

[0034] In one possible implementation, an embodiment is proposed that enables the flexible hose 12 to always tend to maintain its maximum volume. In detail, in addition to the one-way valve in the above embodiment, the flexible hose 12 in the cooling channel 11 includes a flexible sealing layer and an elastic support mesh. The flexible sealing layer is coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the elastic support mesh, and both ends of the flexible sealing layer are respectively connected to the cooling channel 11 which is cut into two sections by the counterbore 13.

[0035] It should be noted that in the above two embodiments, the elastic force of the elastic receiving ball and the elastic hose 12 when they return to their maximum volume is relatively limited, resulting in a weak pumping capacity for the coolant. Therefore, the above two embodiments are more suitable for applications with limited cooling requirements (i.e., for single-tooth roller grates with smaller overall dimensions). To improve the technical problem of poor strength of large single-tooth roller grates under high-temperature conditions, this invention also proposes another embodiment that can drive the coolant to flow in the cooling channel 11. Specifically, the elastic single-tooth roller grate... It also includes two drive levers 131 and a drive wheel 132 disposed in the countersunk hole 13. The drive levers 131 have a contact end that abuts against the flexible hose 12, and a drive end that is rotatably disposed in the countersunk hole 13. The part of the flexible hose 12 that is abutted by the drive levers 131 is in a blocked state. The drive wheel 132 rotates coaxially and synchronously with the drive levers 131. Corresponding to the drive wheel 132, a connecting rod 133 is disposed at the bottom of the working layer 2. One end of the connecting rod 133 is hinged to the working layer 2, and the other end is hinged to the edge of the drive wheel 132. With this configuration, the coolant between the two drive levers 131 flows from one end of the flexible hose 12 to the other end as the drive levers 131 rotate, realizing the circulation of coolant in the cooling channel 11-flexible hose 12-external cooling circuit. In addition, it should be noted that the angle between the two cooling levers is preferably 180°, so that the flexible hose 12 can be blocked at all times, eliminating the installation and procurement costs of a one-way valve.

[0036] More specifically, the outer periphery of the flexible hose 12 abuts against the inner wall of the countersunk hole 13, and the abutting end of the drive lever 131 is rotatably connected to a roller 1311 that abuts against the outer wall of the flexible hose 12. The part of the flexible hose 12 that is squeezed by the roller 1311 is in a blocked state, and the rotation axis of the roller 1311 is coaxial with the rotation axis of the drive lever 131.

[0037] To prevent the solder overlay layer 22 from being damaged by impact, in one possible implementation, the working layer 2 includes a substrate 21 and a solder overlay layer 22 disposed on top of the substrate 21. The solder overlay layer 22 includes a metal mesh 221 welded to the top of the substrate 21 and solder 222 filled in the metal mesh 221. More specifically, the substrate 21 has a receiving groove 210 for accommodating the metal mesh 221. The size of the receiving groove 210 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the metal mesh 221 is snapped into the receiving groove 210. With this configuration, this embodiment can form a more reliable connection using the tenon and mortise structure between the solder overlay layer 22 and the substrate 21, preventing the solder overlay layer 22 from falling off the substrate 21. Based on the same idea, to prevent the solder 222 from falling off the metal mesh 221, the metal mesh 221 is composed of multiple strips arranged in a grid pattern, with the width direction of the strips parallel to the vertical direction, and snap-fit ​​protrusions 2211 formed on the surface of the strips. In this embodiment, the solder 222 can be more reliably filled in the metal mesh 221 and is less likely to fall off from the metal mesh 221.

[0038] In one possible implementation, in order to facilitate the installation of the working layer 2 on the mounting protrusion, the bottom of the working layer 2 is provided with a mounting groove, and the top of the grate body 1 is provided with a mounting protrusion corresponding to the mounting groove, and the mounting groove and the mounting protrusion are plugged into each other.

[0039] In summary, compared with the prior art, the grate of the present invention, through the elastic expansion and contraction of the working layer 2, can buffer the impact of sintering material during use, thereby improving the technical problem of existing grates being easily damaged by impact. Simultaneously, the present invention can utilize the elastic movement of the working layer 2 to compress the drive cavity, thereby driving the flow of coolant in the grate body 1 to reduce the temperature of the grate body 1, thus solving the technical problem of the wear-resistant layer of existing single-tooth roller grates being easily damaged or detached due to harsh working conditions. Furthermore, in the present invention, the flow of coolant in the cooling channel 11 is driven by the elastic expansion and contraction of the working layer 2, eliminating the need for an additional power drive device, saving equipment procurement costs, and providing a stable and reliable structure, thus providing a strong guarantee for improving the working stability of the single-tooth roller grate.

[0040] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a single-toothed roller crusher, which includes a single-toothed roller grate as described above.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the single-toothed roller crusher of the present invention has all the advantages of the aforementioned single-toothed roller grate, which will not be repeated here.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-tooth roller grate, characterized in that, The system includes a grate body (1) and a working layer (2) elastically connected to the top of the grate body (1). The working layer (2) has an elastic extension direction parallel to the vertical direction. The grate body (1) has a cooling channel (11) along its length. The cooling channel (11) is located on the grate body (1) near the working layer (2) and is connected to an external cooling circuit. A drive cavity connected to the cooling channel (11) is provided between the working layer (2) and the grate body (1). The volume of the drive cavity changes with the elastic movement of the working layer (2). The coolant in the cooling channel (11) flows due to the change in the volume of the drive cavity. An elastic hose (12) is provided between the working layer (2) and the grate body (1). The elastic hose (12) undergoes elastic deformation as the grate is pressed. The driving cavity is located in the elastic hose (12). Corresponding to the elastic hose (12), a countersunk hole (13) communicating with the cooling channel (11) is opened on the top of the grate body (1) in the vertical direction. The two ends of the elastic hose (12) are respectively connected to the cooling channel (11) which is cut into two sections by the countersunk hole (13). The cooling channel (11) is provided with a one-way valve. The elastic hose (12) includes a flexible sealing layer and an elastic support net. The flexible sealing layer is coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the elastic support net, and the two ends of the flexible sealing layer are respectively connected to the cooling channel (11) which is cut into two sections by the countersunk hole (13). The single-tooth roller grate also includes two drive levers (131) and a drive wheel (132) disposed in the countersunk hole (13). The drive lever (131) has an abutting end that abuts against the elastic hose (12) and a drive end that is rotatably disposed in the countersunk hole (13). The part of the elastic hose (12) that is abutted by the drive lever (131) is in a blocked state. The drive wheel (132) and the drive lever (131) rotate synchronously on the same axis. Corresponding to the drive wheel (132), the bottom of the working layer (2) is disposed on the connecting rod (133). One end of the connecting rod (133) is hinged to the working layer (2), and the other end is hinged to the edge of the drive wheel (132).

2. The single-tooth roller grate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the elastic hose (12) abuts against the inner wall of the countersunk hole (13). The abutting end of the drive lever (131) is rotatably connected to a roller (1311) that abuts against the outer wall of the elastic hose (12). The part of the elastic hose (12) that is squeezed by the roller (1311) is in a blocked state. The rotation axis of the roller (1311) is coaxial with the rotation axis of the drive lever (131).

3. The single-tooth roller grate as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The working layer (2) includes a substrate (21) and a solder overlay layer (22) disposed on the top of the substrate (21). The solder overlay layer (22) includes a metal mesh (221) soldered to the top of the substrate (21) and solder (222) filled in the metal mesh (221).

4. The single-tooth roller grate as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The substrate (21) has a receiving groove (210) for accommodating the metal mesh (221). The size of the receiving groove (210) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the metal mesh (221) is snapped into the receiving groove (210).

5. The single-tooth roller grate as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The metal mesh (221) is made up of multiple strips arranged in a grid pattern. The width of the strips is parallel to the vertical direction, and the strips have snap-fit ​​protrusions (2211) on their surfaces.

6. The single-tooth roller grate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the working layer (2) is provided with an installation groove, and the top of the grate body (1) is provided with an installation protrusion corresponding to the installation groove. The installation groove and the installation protrusion are plugged into each other.

7. A single-toothed roller crusher, characterized in that, Includes the single-tooth roller grate as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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