Surface traveling wave wave-absorbing suppression composite material and preparation method

Abstract

The application discloses a surface wave absorbing and suppressing composite material, which comprises, from outside to inside, a wave-transparent skin layer 1, a suppressing functional layer 2, an absorbing functional layer 3, a structural layer 4 and a reflecting layer 5, and each layer is fixed by an adhesive layer; the thickness of the surface wave absorbing and suppressing composite material is 15-40 mm; the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.5-1 mm; the surface wave suppressing efficiency of the surface wave absorbing and suppressing composite material in a target wave band is greater than 15 dB / m; raw materials are widely available, the preparation method is simple, and batch production can be easily realized. Meanwhile, the prepared material is reliable in performance and stable in quality; the prepared surface wave absorbing and suppressing composite material has good performances of resisting mildew, resisting neutral salt spray, resisting ultraviolet aging, resisting high temperature, resisting low temperature and the like, and can be better applied to marine environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of microwave absorbing materials technology, specifically relating to a surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] For multi-faceted radars, the signals from one or more radars may interfere with the normal operation of another radar, increasing false alarms, decreasing detection probability, and in severe cases, directly causing receiver saturation. If electromagnetic interference is generated between planar array antennas due to surface wave coupling, in order to improve radar utilization efficiency, expand the monitoring and detection range, and achieve time-division multiplexing of transmission and reception for multi-faceted radars, it is necessary to effectively suppress the edge diffraction of surface traveling waves and solve the crosstalk problem between antenna arrays.

[0003] Common surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing materials in China include high-magnetic paint materials and magnetic rubber patch materials. High-magnetic paint materials have a surface traveling wave suppression effect of 6-10 dB / m in the S-band and X-band, while magnetic rubber patch materials have a surface traveling wave suppression effect of 3-7 dB / m in the 6-18 GHz band. The suppression effect of both materials on surface traveling waves is not good, which limits their application in actual ships. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the crosstalk problem caused by edge diffraction of surface traveling waves between multiple antenna arrays, the present invention aims to provide a surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material and its preparation method, which can meet the requirement of surface traveling wave suppression efficiency greater than 15dB / m in the range of 2-18GHz.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0006] A surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material comprises, from the outside in, a wave-transmitting skin layer 1, a suppressing functional layer 2, a wave-absorbing functional layer 3, a structural layer 4, and a reflective layer 5, with each layer bonded together by an adhesive layer.

[0007] According to the above scheme, the wave-transparent skin layer 1 is one of cyanate quartz fiber composite material, cyanate glass fiber composite material, epoxy quartz fiber composite material, epoxy glass fiber composite material, vinyl quartz fiber composite material, and vinyl glass fiber composite material; the thickness is 0.5-1mm.

[0008] According to the above scheme, the inhibition functional layer 2 is an inhibition material or an inhibition honeycomb with a thickness of 1-5 mm; the inhibition material is obtained by doping and mixing magnetic particles with a base material; the base material is one of ethylene propylene rubber, nitrile rubber, epoxy resin, vinyl resin, unsaturated resin, phenolic resin, cyanate ester resin, and bismaleimide resin; the magnetic particles are at least two of iron-silicon-aluminum-cobalt, iron-silicon-aluminum-nickel, iron-silicon-aluminum-chromium, and iron-silicon-aluminum-molybdenum.

[0009] According to the above scheme, the microwave absorbing functional layer 3 is one or more of microwave absorbing honeycomb, microwave absorbing foam, and FSS film, with a thickness of 5-20 mm.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the structural layer 4 is a composite molding process in which a resin film is laid between the foam material and the composite material and co-cured, with a thickness of 5-8 mm; the foam material is one of PVC foam, PMI foam, and polyurethane foam; the composite material is one or more of epoxy quartz fiber composite material, epoxy glass fiber composite material, vinyl quartz fiber composite material, and vinyl glass fiber composite material.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, the structural layer 4 is one or more of epoxy quartz fiber composite material, epoxy glass fiber composite material, vinyl quartz fiber composite material, and vinyl glass fiber composite material.

[0012] According to the above scheme, the reflective layer 5 is a metal material or a carbon fiber composite material with a thickness of 3-5 mm; the metal material is aluminum alloy or steel.

[0013] According to the above scheme, the thickness of the surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material is 15-40 mm; the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.5-1 mm.

[0014] The preparation method of the above-mentioned surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material includes the following steps:

[0015] A wave-transmitting skin layer 1, a suppression functional layer 2, a wave-absorbing functional layer 3, a structural layer 4, and a reflective layer 5 are sequentially laid in a mold. An adhesive is applied between each layer, and the surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material is obtained by vacuum hot pressing.

[0016] Based on the synergistic and complementary effects of two functional structural materials, suppression layer 2 and absorbing layer 3, with different suppression mechanisms, a multi-layered cascaded enhanced coupling design is formed on the basis of a multi-layer structure. Considering the coupling and nonlinearity of surface traveling wave absorption interference suppression, the impedance matching characteristics of the multi-layered surface wave attenuation are proposed, and their correlation is analyzed. An energy interaction process exists between the multi-layered materials, analogous to longitudinal surface impedance. After the surface wave is excited, it propagates along the XY plane. Through the matching of the transparent skin layer 1, part of it is absorbed by the suppression layer 2 and the broadband surface traveling wave absorbing structure, while the other part is suppressed by the absorbing layer 3. Furthermore, through the coupling enhancement effect between the suppression layer 2 and the absorbing layer 3, the performance of surface wave absorption suppression is further improved.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] (1) The surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material of the present invention has a surface traveling wave suppression efficiency greater than 15dB / m in the target wave band.

[0019] (2) The raw materials are widely available, the preparation method is simple, and it is easy to achieve mass production. At the same time, the prepared materials have reliable performance and stable quality.

[0020] (3) The prepared surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material has good resistance to mold, neutral salt spray, ultraviolet aging, high temperature and low temperature, and can be better suited for marine environments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material structure of the present invention.

[0022] Among them, 1-transparent skin layer; 2-suppression functional layer; 3-absorbing functional layer; 4-structural layer; 5-reflective layer. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following embodiments further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] A specific embodiment provides a surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material, comprising, from the surface inwards, a wave-transmitting skin layer 1, a suppressing functional layer 2, a wave-absorbing functional layer 3, a structural layer 4, and a reflective layer 5, with each layer bonded together by an adhesive layer; see attached figure. Figure 1 As shown.

[0025] Specifically, the transparent skin layer 1 is one of cyanate quartz fiber composite material, cyanate glass fiber composite material, epoxy quartz fiber composite material, epoxy glass fiber composite material, vinyl quartz fiber composite material, and vinyl glass fiber composite material; the thickness is 0.5 to 1 mm.

[0026] Specifically, the inhibition functional layer 2 is an inhibition material or an inhibition honeycomb with a thickness of 1-5 mm; the inhibition material is obtained by doping and mixing magnetic particles with a base material; the base material is one of ethylene propylene rubber, nitrile rubber, epoxy resin, vinyl resin, unsaturated resin, phenolic resin, cyanate ester resin, and bismaleimide resin; the magnetic particles are at least two of iron-silicon-aluminum-cobalt, iron-silicon-aluminum-nickel, iron-silicon-aluminum-chromium, and iron-silicon-aluminum-molybdenum.

[0027] Specifically, the microwave absorbing functional layer 3 is one or more of microwave absorbing honeycomb, microwave absorbing foam, and FSS film, with a thickness of 5 to 20 mm.

[0028] Specifically, the structural layer 4 is a composite material formed by laying a resin film between the foam material and the composite material and co-curing it, with a thickness of 5-8 mm; the foam material is one of PVC foam, PMI foam, and polyurethane foam; the composite material is one or more of epoxy quartz fiber composite material, epoxy glass fiber composite material, vinyl quartz fiber composite material, and vinyl glass fiber composite material.

[0029] In an alternative embodiment, the structural layer 4 is one or more of epoxy quartz fiber composite material, epoxy glass fiber composite material, vinyl quartz fiber composite material, and vinyl glass fiber composite material.

[0030] Specifically, the reflective layer 5 is made of metal or carbon fiber composite material with a thickness of 3-5 mm; the metal material is aluminum alloy or steel.

[0031] Specifically, the thickness of the surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material is 15–40 mm; the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.5–1 mm.

[0032] The specific embodiments also provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material, including the following steps:

[0033] A wave-transmitting skin layer 1, a suppression functional layer 2, a wave-absorbing functional layer 3, a structural layer 4, and a reflective layer 5 are sequentially laid in a mold. An adhesive is applied between each layer, and the surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material is obtained by vacuum hot pressing.

[0034] The specific implementation method further provides specific preparation methods for each functional layer:

[0035] Preparation of the wave-transparent skin layer 1: The raw materials are laid out in the mold according to the design, and the curing process is carried out by hot pressing and curing. After demolding, the wave-transparent skin layer 1 is obtained.

[0036] Preparation of inhibition functional layer 2 (inhibition material functional layer): Magnetic particles are mixed with the substrate material and placed in a mold for vulcanization or curing. After demolding, the inhibition material functional layer is obtained.

[0037] Preparation of suppression functional layer 2 (suppression honeycomb functional layer): The aramid honeycomb structure is immersed in the surface traveling wave inhibitor slurry until all the honeycomb cells are covered with the slurry to obtain the suppression honeycomb functional layer.

[0038] Preparation of microwave absorbing functional layer 3 (microwave absorbing honeycomb functional layer): The aramid honeycomb structure is immersed in microwave absorbing slurry until all honeycomb cells are coated with the slurry. After removal, excess slurry remaining inside the honeycomb is blown away with a strong airflow to achieve uniform coating. Subsequently, a rotary drying process is used to pre-cur the honeycomb to avoid uneven coating caused by the gradual flow of the honeycomb under gravity during the subsequent curing process. Finally, the honeycomb is placed in a drying oven and cured at 100°C for 1 hour to obtain the finished microwave absorbing honeycomb.

[0039] Preparation of microwave absorbing functional layer 3 (microwave absorbing foam functional layer): Microwave absorbing foam is obtained by bonding short-cut carbon fiber microwave absorbing agent with adjustable dielectric constant in a gradient manner.

[0040] Fabrication of the microwave absorbing functional layer 3 (FSS film functional layer): Impedance matching and frequency adjustment are performed using one or more FSS films to obtain the FSS film functional layer.

[0041] The structural layer 4 is prepared by co-curing a resin film between foam material and composite material.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] The wave-transparent skin layer 1 is made of vinyl ester fiberglass composite material with a thickness of 0.5 mm; the suppression functional layer 2 is made of suppression material, specifically ethylene propylene rubber mixed with iron, silicon, aluminum, cobalt, iron, silicon, aluminum, and nickel, with a thickness of 1 mm; the wave-absorbing functional layer 3 is made of wave-absorbing honeycomb with a thickness of 5 mm; the structural layer 4 is made of foam + composite material, specifically PMI foam and epoxy quartz fiber composite material with a thickness of 5 mm; and the reflective layer 5 is made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 3 mm.

[0044] After testing the surface traveling wave suppression performance, the product obtained in this embodiment has a surface traveling wave suppression performance of 16dB / m in the 2-18GHz band.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The wave-transparent skin layer 1 is made of vinyl quartz fiber composite material with a thickness of 0.6 mm; the suppression functional layer 2 is made of suppression honeycomb, specifically aramid honeycomb impregnated with surface traveling wave inhibitor slurry, with a thickness of 4 mm; the wave-absorbing functional layer 3 is made of wave-absorbing honeycomb with a thickness of 15 mm; the structural layer 4 is made of foam + composite material, specifically PVC foam and vinyl quartz fiber composite material, with a thickness of 6 mm; and the reflective layer 5 is made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 5 mm.

[0047] After testing the surface traveling wave suppression performance, the product obtained in this embodiment has a surface traveling wave suppression performance of 19 dB / m in the 2-18 GHz band.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The wave-transparent skin layer 1 is made of cyanate quartz fiber composite material with a thickness of 0.5 mm; the suppression functional layer 2 is made of suppression material, specifically nitrile rubber doped with compound iron-silicon-aluminum-cobalt, iron-silicon-aluminum-nickel, and iron-silicon-aluminum-chromium, with a thickness of 2.6 mm; the wave-absorbing functional layer 3 is made of wave-absorbing honeycomb with a thickness of 10 mm; the structural layer 4 is made of foam + composite material, specifically PMI foam and epoxy quartz fiber composite material, with a thickness of 6 mm; and the reflective layer 5 is made of carbon fiber composite material with a thickness of 4 mm.

[0050] After testing the surface traveling wave suppression performance, the product obtained in this embodiment has a surface traveling wave suppression performance of 30dB / m in the target waveband.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] The wave-transparent skin layer 1 is made of vinyl quartz fiber composite material with a thickness of 0.8 mm; the suppression functional layer 2 is made of suppression material, specifically epoxy resin doped with iron, silicon, aluminum, cobalt, iron, silicon, aluminum, and molybdenum and cured, with a thickness of 3 mm; the wave-absorbing functional layer 3 is made of wave-absorbing honeycomb with a thickness of 15 mm; the structural layer 4 is made of foam + composite material, specifically PVC foam and vinyl quartz fiber composite material, with a thickness of 5 mm; and the reflective layer 5 is made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 5 mm.

[0053] After testing the surface traveling wave suppression performance, the product obtained in this embodiment has a surface traveling wave suppression performance of 22dB / m in the 2-18GHz band.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] The wave-transparent skin layer 1 is made of epoxy fiberglass composite material with a thickness of 1 mm; the suppression functional layer 2 is made of suppression honeycomb, specifically aramid honeycomb impregnated with surface traveling wave inhibitor slurry, with a thickness of 5 mm; the wave-absorbing functional layer 3 is made of wave-absorbing honeycomb with a thickness of 20 mm; the structural layer 4 is made of foam + composite material, specifically PMI foam and epoxy fiberglass composite material, with a thickness of 8 mm; and the reflective layer 5 is made of carbon fiber composite material with a thickness of 5 mm.

[0056] After testing the surface traveling wave suppression performance, the product obtained in this embodiment has a surface traveling wave suppression performance of 25dB / m in the 2-18GHz band.

Claims

1. A surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material, characterized in that... From the outside in, the layers are: wave-transmitting skin layer 1, suppression functional layer 2, wave-absorbing functional layer 3, structural layer 4, and reflective layer 5. Each layer is bonded and fixed by an adhesive layer. The inhibition functional layer 2 is an inhibition material, which is obtained by doping and mixing magnetic particles into a base material; the base material is one of ethylene propylene rubber, nitrile rubber, epoxy resin, vinyl resin, unsaturated resin, phenolic resin, cyanate ester resin, and bismaleimide resin. The structural layer 4 is a composite molding process in which a resin film is laid between the foam material and the composite material and co-cured; the composite material is one or more of epoxy quartz fiber composite material, epoxy glass fiber composite material, vinyl quartz fiber composite material, and vinyl glass fiber composite material; the foam material is one of PVC foam, PMI foam, and polyurethane foam.

2. A surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material, characterized in that... From the outside in, the layers are: wave-transmitting skin layer 1, suppression functional layer 2, wave-absorbing functional layer 3, structural layer 4, and reflective layer 5. Each layer is bonded and fixed by an adhesive layer. The inhibition functional layer 2 is an inhibition material, which is obtained by doping and mixing magnetic particles into a base material; the base material is one of ethylene propylene rubber, nitrile rubber, epoxy resin, vinyl resin, unsaturated resin, phenolic resin, cyanate ester resin, and bismaleimide resin. The structural layer 4 is one or more of epoxy quartz fiber composite material, epoxy glass fiber composite material, vinyl quartz fiber composite material, and vinyl glass fiber composite material.

3. The surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The transparent skin layer 1 is one of cyanate quartz fiber composite material, cyanate glass fiber composite material, epoxy quartz fiber composite material, epoxy glass fiber composite material, vinyl quartz fiber composite material, and vinyl glass fiber composite material; the thickness is 0.5~1mm.

4. The surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The thickness of the inhibition functional layer 2 is 1~5mm; the magnetic particles therein are at least two of iron-silicon-aluminum-cobalt, iron-silicon-aluminum-nickel, iron-silicon-aluminum-chromium, and iron-silicon-aluminum-molybdenum.

5. The surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The microwave absorbing functional layer 3 is one or more of microwave absorbing honeycomb, microwave absorbing foam, and FSS film, with a thickness of 5~20mm.

6. The surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The thickness of the structural layer 4 is 5~8mm.

7. The surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The reflective layer 5 is made of metal or carbon fiber composite material, with a thickness of 3-5 mm; the metal material is aluminum alloy or steel.

8. The surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The thickness of the surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material is 15~40mm; the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.5~1mm.

9. The method for preparing the surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: A wave-transmitting skin layer 1, a suppression functional layer 2, a wave-absorbing functional layer 3, a structural layer 4, and a reflective layer 5 are sequentially laid in a mold. An adhesive is applied between each layer, and the surface traveling wave absorbing and suppressing composite material is obtained by vacuum hot pressing.

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