Intelligent coupling structure applied to mine car and working method

Abstract

The application provides an intelligent hook picking and hanging structure applied to a mine car and a working method, and belongs to the technical field of mine cars. The structure comprises support plates arranged at both ends of a car body, a pair of side plates symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the support plates, a special-shaped chain capable of steering in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction arranged between the pair of side plates, a U-shaped frame with a U-shaped opening facing downward arranged at the top of the support plate, a connecting pin shaft penetrating through the top of the U-shaped frame, a support assembly rotatable and used for supporting the connecting pin shaft arranged on the inner wall of the U-shaped frame, a force applying assembly arranged at the top of one side plate and used for pressing the special-shaped chain to steer the special-shaped chain to the horizontal direction, and a locking assembly arranged at the top of the U-shaped frame and used for inserting the horizontal special-shaped chain into the side wall of the connecting pin shaft of another car body and locking the connecting pin shaft when the special-shaped chain steering to the horizontal direction on one car body collides with the support assembly on another car body. The application has the advantages of reasonable structure, high safety, and high hook picking and hanging efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of mine cars, and particularly relates to an intelligent uncoupling and coupling structure applied to a mine car and a working method. BACKGROUND

[0002] A mine car is a special vehicle for mine track transportation. In order to adapt to the narrow conditions of underground tunnels, the outer shape is compact. There are freight cars, passenger cars, and material cars, etc. The mine car is a narrow-gauge railway transport vehicle for conveying coal, ore and waste rock and other bulk materials in a mine, which generally needs to be pulled by a locomotive or winch.

[0003] In the prior art, the mine car in the mine always adopts manual uncoupling and coupling of hooks when performing stringing. The uncoupling and coupling link is a weak link in the safety management of mine auxiliary transportation. The uncoupling and coupling personnel are often squeezed or hit by hands and feet due to non-standard operation and improper cooperation, and the safety is low. In addition, during the uncoupling and coupling operation of the mine car, manual operation wastes a lot of time, and the uncoupling and coupling efficiency is low. Therefore, an intelligent uncoupling and coupling structure applied to a mine car is urgently needed to solve the above problems.

[0004] The prior art with publication number CN111674421A discloses a full-automatic uncoupling and coupling pin-chain system and method for track transportation. The full-automatic uncoupling and coupling pin-chain system includes two bidirectional car stoppers installed on a track, which are used to lock the vehicle and can move along the track together until reaching a desired position. A bidirectional trailer mechanism is used for the initial positioning of the mine car and is arranged between the two bidirectional car stoppers, which is used to move the vehicle in a first direction or a second direction on the track until reaching the position of one of the bidirectional car stoppers. An intelligent visual detection system is used to detect the actual position of the specified pin position in real time and compare it with the ideal position, and then control the bidirectional car stopper to move the vehicle until the specified pin position reaches the ideal position. An uncoupling and coupling pin-chain device is used to uncouple or couple the ring chain connected between adjacent carriages of the vehicle. The mine car is connected through the uncoupling and coupling pin-chain device, and the installation needs to be accurately aligned, which is not convenient. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the application aims to provide an intelligent uncoupling and coupling structure applied to a mine car to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the application provides an intelligent coupling structure applied to a mine car, which comprises support plates arranged at the front and rear ends of a car body, U-shaped frames with openings facing downwards arranged above the support plates, connecting pin shafts arranged at the top of the U-shaped frames and capable of moving on the U-shaped frames, locking assemblies for locking the positions of the connecting pin shafts, support assemblies arranged at the bottom end of the connecting pin shafts and capable of swinging forward and backward, the support assemblies being capable of lifting the connecting pin shafts when the support assemblies are located at the front position, and the connecting pin shafts falling when the support assemblies swing to the rear position; two side plates arranged downward at the two sides of the support plates respectively, and special-shaped chains arranged between the two side plates and capable of steering in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction;

[0007] The special-shaped chains are connected with force applying assemblies for controlling the steering of the special-shaped chains from the vertical state to the horizontal direction; the car body connected with the front and rear couplings is matched with the special-shaped chains through the connecting pin shafts and the support assemblies, and specifically, when the cars are connected, the special-shaped chain of one car body strikes the support assembly of another car body when the special-shaped chain of the one car body is inserted into the side wall of the connecting pin shaft of the another car body, the position of the connecting pin shaft is locked through the locking assembly, so that the special-shaped chain and the connecting pin shaft are locked.

[0008] Further, the special-shaped chain comprises a crank structure, the crank structure comprises a movable column, rear chains are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the movable column respectively, center columns are arranged at the ends of the rear chains respectively and connected with the rotating shafts of the two side plates, a front chain ring in the shape of a U-shaped structure is movably arranged on the movable column, the two ends of the front chain ring are movably connected with the movable column through long holes, stop pieces are arranged between the end of the front chain ring and the rear chain for limiting the front chain ring to rotate in one direction around the movable column, the center column and the rear chain are an integral piece, when the rear chain rotates around the center line of the mounting hole of the center column, the rear chain presses the stop pieces to force the front chain ring to rotate around the movable column, when the rear chain rotates to the horizontal position, the movable column and the center column are at the same height, at this time, the front chain ring is in the horizontal state, the center column is rotated to drive the rear chain to rotate to the horizontal or vertical direction; one end of the center column is provided with a fixing column for being fixed outside the side plate, and the end of the fixing column is provided with a fixing block.

[0009] Further, the force applying assembly comprises a pressing rod connected with the fixing block and used for applying force to the fixing block, the pressing rod is used to steer the special-shaped chain to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction; the fixing column of the special-shaped chain is connected with the center column on one side plate, the center column and the fixing block outside are provided with guide seats for protection, the pressing rod is arranged on the guide seat, a return spring is sleeved on the pressing rod between the pressing rod and the guide seat, so as to assist the pressing rod to reset after applying force to the fixing block; the fixing block is located above the center of the fixing column, when the fixing block is pressed from top to bottom, the fixing column rotates around the center line, when the fixing block is pressed from top to bottom to the designed position, the fixing column is just rotated ° from the drooping position to the horizontal position, so that the front and rear chains at the end of the special-shaped chain swing.

[0010] Further, the pressing rod comprises a guide column for sleeving the reset spring, the top end of the guide column is provided with a pressing disc for fixing the reset spring, and the bottom end of the guide column is located in the guide seat and is provided with a baffle, and the diameters of the pressing disc and the baffle are greater than the diameter of the guide column.

[0011] Further, the connecting pin shaft comprises a connecting head vertically arranged above the U-shaped frame and a supporting column arranged in the U-shaped frame, the side surface of the connecting head is provided with an annular groove, a connecting column penetrating through the top of the U-shaped frame is arranged between the connecting head and the supporting column, the side wall of the connecting column is provided with a stop plate, and the diameters of the supporting column and the connecting head are greater than the diameter of the connecting column, so that the connecting column can move up and down on the U-shaped frame without being pulled out.

[0012] Further, the supporting assembly is arranged on the connecting column, the supporting assembly comprises rotating shafts arranged on both sides of the connecting column, the rotating shafts are connected with L-shaped plates capable of forming a movable clamping structure between the bottom end of the connecting column through a rocker arm, the L-shaped plates are supported at the bottom end of the connecting column in a front position, when the special-shaped chain is separated from the inside of the U-shaped frame, the L-shaped plates are automatically flipped downward to support the supporting column due to gravity, when the L-shaped plates are impacted by the special-shaped chain in a horizontal state, the L-shaped plates swing backward to a rear position under the action of the rotating shafts to lose the support for the supporting column, and at this time, the supporting column falls under the action of gravity and is inserted into the special-shaped chain to complete the connection.

[0013] Further, the locking assembly comprises a moving plate capable of moving horizontally and arranged at the top of the U-shaped frame, a push rod arranged at the top of the moving plate, and a connecting plate arranged at the bottom of the moving plate and located in the top of the U-shaped frame, the side wall of the connecting plate is provided with a limiting plate capable of moving horizontally, when the supporting column is inserted into the special-shaped chain in a horizontal direction, the limiting plate limits the upward movement of the connecting column by abutting against the stop plate, and a plurality of stop springs are arranged between the limiting plate and the inner side wall of the U-shaped frame.

[0014] The push rod is moved by the mechanical hand, the push rod drives the moving plate and the connecting plate to move, thereby driving the limiting plate to move and lose the limiting of the stop plate on the connecting pin shaft, at this time, the stop spring is compressed; the special-shaped chain impacts the L-shaped plate to make it flip and lose the support for the supporting column, the supporting column falls and falls into the special-shaped chain to complete the hooking operation, after the hooking is completed, the force applied to the push rod is stopped, the stop spring rebounds to limit the stop plate by the limiting plate, the upward movement of the connecting column and the supporting column is prevented, and the stability of the connection between the supporting column and the special-shaped chain is improved.

[0015] Further, a moving groove is arranged at the top of the U-shaped frame, the moving plate is matched with the moving groove, the moving plate moves along the moving groove to prevent misalignment, a cover plate is arranged on the U-shaped frame for protection, and the cover plate is removed during the hooking operation.

[0016] A working method of an intelligent hooking and unhooking structure applied to a mine car is provided, and the steps are as follows:

[0017] When it is necessary to perform a train-to-train operation between car bodies: pull up the connecting pin, and the support component connected to the bottom of the connecting pin moves to the front position according to gravity to support the connecting pin.

[0018] The pressure plate of the pressing rod applies force, causing the guide column to move downwards. The downward movement of the guide column causes the baffle to press against the fixing block, thus applying force to the fixing block against the fixing column.

[0019] The fixed column rotates under the action of force, and the rotation of the fixed column causes the central column to rotate around the side plate. In turn, the rotation of the central column causes the rear chain to rotate, and the rotation of the rear chain causes the front chain ring to rotate in the horizontal direction. At this time, the movable column, the central column and the L-shaped plate are at the same height.

[0020] The horizontal front chain link impacts the L-shaped plate on another vehicle body. The L-shaped plate causes the rocker arm to rotate around the pivot, thus causing the L-shaped plate to lose its support for the support column. At the same time, the robot arm applies force to the lever on the other vehicle body. The lever causes the moving plate to move along the moving groove. The movement of the moving plate causes the connecting plate to move. The movement of the connecting plate causes the limiting plate to move. The movement of the limiting plate loses its restraint on the stop plate, thus causing the support column and connecting column to slide down freely. The support column falls into the horizontal front chain link, realizing the hook operation.

[0021] After hooking is completed, stop applying force to the lever. The stop spring returns to its original position, causing the limit plate to limit the stop plate, preventing the stop plate from moving up, and thus preventing the support column from moving up, thereby improving the stability of the connection between the support column and the front chain link.

[0022] When it is necessary to unhook: apply force to the lever to release the limit plate from the stop plate, and at the same time apply force to the connector to move the connector up, thereby driving the support column to disengage from the front chain link. Then control the two car bodies to move in opposite directions. When the front chain link disengages from the U-shaped frame, the irregular chain of the connected car body is released by its own weight. At this time, the L-shaped plate drives the rocker arm to flip downward due to gravity to support the support column again, thus completing the unhooking operation.

[0023] Beneficial effects: This invention has a simple structure, is easy to use, and can achieve hooking and unhooking without strong impact. It has a long service life. By using a robotic arm to apply force to the force application component on one vehicle body, the irregular chain is turned to the horizontal direction and impacts the support component on another vehicle body, causing the support component to rotate and lose support for the connecting pin. At the same time, force is applied to the locking component on the other vehicle body, causing the locking component to stop limiting the connecting pin. At this time, the connecting pin falls freely into the horizontal irregular chain, thereby realizing the hooking operation. When the robotic arm stops applying force, the locking component returns to its original position and limits the connecting pin to prevent the connecting pin from moving upward, which facilitates the connection of vehicles and enables unmanned hooking operation.

[0024] When it is necessary to remove the hook, the robotic arm applies force to the locking assembly while simultaneously applying upward force to the connecting pin, causing the connecting pin to disengage from the horizontal irregular chain. This enables unmanned hook removal operation, avoiding injuries to workers' hands and feet caused by improper operation or coordination, thus improving safety. At the same time, it enables unmanned hook removal operation, avoiding the waste of time for manual hook removal, thereby improving hook removal efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a smart hook-and-unhook structure for mining cars according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a cover plate;

[0027] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an intelligent hook-and-unhook structure for mining trucks according to an embodiment of the present invention, without a cover plate;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the locking assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a front view of the connecting pin according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a front view of the connection point between the connecting pin and the support assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the connection between the L-shaped plate and the rocker arm according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a left view of the irregular chain according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a rear view of the irregular chain according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a front sectional view of the connection between the irregular chain and the pressing rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 A perspective view of the irregular chain in the intelligent hook-and-unhook structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed column and the fixed block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. U-shaped frame; 1001. Moving slot; 2. Locking assembly; 21. Lever; 22. Moving plate; 23. Connecting plate; 24. Limiting plate; 25. Stopping spring; 3. Connecting pin; 31. Connecting head; 311. Connecting column; 32. Support column; 33. Stopping plate; 4. Cover plate; 5. Supporting plate; 6. Side plate; 7. Irregular chain; 71. Center column; 711. Fixed column; 7111. Fixed block; 72. Rear chain; 73. Front chain link; 731. Stopping piece; 74. Moving column; 8. Guide seat; 81. Return spring; 9. Support assembly; 91. Rotating shaft; 92. Rocker arm; 93. L-shaped plate; 10. Pressing rod; 101. Pressure plate; 102. Guide column; 103. Baffle; 11. Vehicle body. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present application will be further described below with reference to specific implementation methods.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides an intelligent hook-and-unhook structure for use in mining trucks, comprising:

[0040] Support plates 5 are set at both ends of the vehicle body 11. A pair of side plates 6 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the support plates 5. A shaped chain 7 that can turn in the vertical and horizontal directions is arranged between the pair of side plates 6.

[0041] The top of the support plate 5 is provided with a U-shaped frame 1 with the U-shaped opening facing downwards, and a connecting pin 3 is provided through the top of the U-shaped frame 1;

[0042] The inner wall of the U-shaped frame 1 is provided with a rotatable support component 9 for supporting the connecting pin 3;

[0043] One of the side plates 6 is provided with a force-applying component at the top for pressing the irregular chain 7 to turn the irregular chain 7 to the horizontal direction;

[0044] The top of the U-shaped frame 1 is equipped with a locking component 2. When a horizontally oriented irregular chain 7 on one vehicle body 11 impacts a support component 9 on another vehicle body 11, the horizontal irregular chain 7 inserts into the side wall of the connecting pin 3 on the other vehicle body 11 and stops the connecting pin 3 from moving. This design uses a robotic arm to apply force to a force-applying component on one vehicle body 11, causing the irregular chain 7 to turn horizontally and impact the support component 9 on the other vehicle body 11. This causes the support component 9 to rotate and lose support for the connecting pin 3. Simultaneously, force is applied to the locking component 2 on the other vehicle body 11, causing the locking component 2 to stop limiting the connecting pin 3. At this point, the connecting pin 3 falls freely. The hooking operation is achieved by moving the manipulator into the horizontal irregular chain 7, causing the locking component 2 to return to its original position and limit the connecting pin 3 to prevent it from moving upwards. This facilitates the unmanned hooking operation of the vehicle body 11. Similarly, when it is necessary to remove the hook, the manipulator applies force to the locking component 2 while simultaneously applying force upwards to the connecting pin 3, causing the connecting pin 3 to disengage from the horizontal irregular chain 7. This achieves unmanned hook removal operation, avoiding injuries to workers' hands and feet caused by improper operation or coordination, thus improving safety. It also eliminates the time wasted on manual hook removal, thereby improving hook removal efficiency.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 10 The irregular chain 7 includes a pair of rotatable central pillars 71 symmetrically arranged on one side wall of a pair of side plates 6 close to each other. Each central pillar 71 is equipped with a rear chain 72. A movable pillar 74 is located between the lower ends of the side walls of the rear chains 72. A front chain link 73 is fitted onto the movable pillar 74. An elongated hole is provided at the connection between the side wall of the front chain link 73 and the movable pillar 74. This design allows the rear chains 72 to rotate by rotating the central pillars 71, which in turn rotates the front chain link 73 in a horizontal or vertical direction. A fixed pillar 711 is located at the end of one of the central pillars 71, positioned outside the side plate 6. A fixing block 7111 is located at the end of the fixed pillar 711. A stop piece 731 for limiting the movement of the rear chains 72 is located on the side wall of the front chain link 73. This design facilitates the application of force to the fixed pillar 711 using the fixing block 7111. Figure 11 As shown, this facilitates the rotation of the central column 71, and by using the stop plate 731, it is easy to restrict the front chain link 73 to rotate only in one direction around the movable column 74.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 9The force-applying component includes a guide seat 8 mounted on one of the side plates 6. A pressing rod 10 is mounted on the top of the guide seat 8 to apply force to the fixing block 7111, allowing the irregular chain 7 to switch between vertical and horizontal directions. A return spring 81 is sleeved on the pressing rod 10 and positioned above the guide seat 8. This design facilitates applying force to the fixing block 7111 using the pressing rod 10, causing the fixing post 711 to rotate. This rotation of the central post 71 drives the rear chain 72 to rotate, which in turn drives the front chain link 73 to rotate in either a horizontal or vertical direction, facilitating the application of force to the front chain link 73. The return spring 81 is used in this configuration. 1. To facilitate the return of the pressing rod 10 to its initial position, the pressing rod 10 includes a pressure plate 101, a guide post 102, and a baffle 103. The guide post 102 is located at the bottom of the pressure plate 101, and the baffle 103 is located at the bottom of the guide post 102 and inside the guide seat 8. The return spring 81 is sleeved on the side wall of the guide post 102. The diameters of the pressure plate 101 and the baffle 103 are both larger than the diameter of the guide post 102. This design facilitates the extension and retraction of the return spring 81 along the guide post 102 under the pressure of the pressure plate 101. At the same time, the baffle 103 is used to prevent the guide post 102 from dislodging from the guide seat 8, thereby improving the stability of the force applied to the irregular chain 7.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The connecting pin 3 includes a connector 31 located above the U-shaped frame 1. The bottom of the connector 31 has a connecting post 311 that penetrates the top of the U-shaped frame 1, and the bottom of the connecting post 311 has a support post 32. This design facilitates the connection post 311 to move up and down along the U-shaped frame 1, and the support post 32 facilitates the insertion and fixing of the front link 73 in the irregular chain 7. The annular side of the connector 31 has an annular groove. The diameters of the connector 31 and the support post 32 are both larger than the diameter of the connecting post 311. This design, by using the annular groove, facilitates the application of force by the robot arm to the connector 31, thereby facilitating the up and down movement of the support post 32 to insert and fix the front link 73 in the irregular chain 7, while preventing the connecting post 311 from dislodging from the U-shaped frame 1.

[0048] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6The support assembly 9 includes a pair of rotating shafts 91 symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the U-shaped frame 1. Each pair of rotating shafts 91 is equipped with a rocker arm 92. At the bottom of the rocker arm 92 is an L-shaped plate 93 that supports the support column 32 passing through the pair of rocker arms 92. This design allows the rocker arm 92 to rotate around the rotating shaft 91, thereby causing the L-shaped plate 93 to flip, thus supporting or not supporting the support column 32. When supported, the short end of the L-shaped plate 93 supports the support column 32. When the irregular chain 7 disengages from the U-shaped frame 1 above the support plate 5, the L-shaped plate 93 automatically flips downward due to gravity to re-support the support column 32. When the L-shaped plate 93 flips upward due to the impact of the irregular chain 7, it loses its support for the support column 32.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The connecting column 311 has a stop plate 33 on its side wall. The locking assembly 2 includes a movable plate 22 located at the top of the U-shaped frame 1. A lever 21 is located at the bottom of the movable plate 22. A connecting plate 23, which passes through the top of the U-shaped frame 1 and is located inside the U-shaped frame 1, is located at the bottom of the movable plate 22. A limiting plate 24 is located on the side wall of the connecting plate 23 to limit the stop plate 33 on the side wall of the connecting column 311 and prevent the connecting column 311 from moving upward when the support column 32 is inserted into the horizontal irregular chain 7. A plurality of stop springs 25 are located on the side wall of the limiting plate 24 along the moving direction of the movable plate 22. This design uses a robotic arm to apply force to the lever 21, causing the lever 21 to move upward. When the lever 21 moves, it causes the moving plate 22 and the connecting plate 23 to move. The moving connecting plate 23 causes the limiting plate 24 to move and lose its limiting effect on the stop plate 33 on the connecting pin 3. At this time, the stop spring 25 is compressed. At this time, the irregular chain 7 impacts the L-shaped plate 93, causing it to flip and lose its support for the support column 32. Then, the support column 32 falls into the irregular chain 7 and performs the hooking operation. After the hooking is completed, the robot stops applying force to the lever 21, and the stop spring 25 rebounds, causing the limiting plate 24 to limit the stop plate 33, preventing the connecting column 311 from moving upward, thereby preventing the support column 32 from moving upward and improving the stability of the connection between the support column 32 and the irregular chain 7.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 The top of the U-shaped frame 1 is provided with a moving groove 1001, and the moving plate 22 matches the moving groove 1001. The side wall of the U-shaped frame 1 is provided with a cover plate 4. This design uses the moving groove 1001 to facilitate the movement of the moving plate 22 along the moving groove 1001, improves the stability of the movement of the moving plate 22, and prevents misalignment of the moving position. The cover plate 4 is used to protect the support component 9. When the hook is operated, the cover plate 4 can be removed.

[0051] Reference Figures 1-10As an embodiment of this application: when it is necessary to perform a train operation between vehicle bodies 11, a robotic arm is used to apply force to the pressure plate 101, causing the guide column 102 to move downward. The downward movement of the guide column 102 causes the baffle 103 to press the fixing block 7111, thereby causing the fixing block 7111 to apply force to the fixing column 711, causing the fixing column 711 to rotate. The rotation of the fixing column 711 causes the center column 71 to rotate around the side plate 6, which in turn causes the center column 71 to rotate, causing the rear chain 72 to rotate. The rotation of the rear chain 72 causes the front chain link 73 to rotate in a horizontal direction. Then, the front chain link 73 in a horizontal direction impacts the L-shaped plate 93 on another vehicle body 11. The L-shaped plate 93 causes the rocker arm 92 to rotate around the pivot 91, thereby causing the L-shaped plate 93 to rotate. 3. The support column 32 is lost, and the robot arm applies force to the lever 21 on the other vehicle body 11. The lever 21 drives the moving plate 22 to move along the moving groove 1001. The movement of the moving plate 22 drives the connecting plate 23 to move. The movement of the connecting plate 23 drives the limiting plate 24 to move. The limiting plate 24 loses its limiting effect on the stop plate 33, thereby allowing the support column 32 to slide freely down with the connecting column 311. The support column 32 falls into the horizontal front chain link 73, thereby realizing the automatic unmanned hooking operation. After the hooking is completed, the robot arm stops applying force to the lever 21, and the stop spring 25 resets, causing the limiting plate 24 to limit the stop plate 33, preventing the stop plate 33 from moving upward, and thus preventing the support column 32 from moving upward, improving the stability of the connection between the support column 32 and the front chain link 73.

[0052] Similarly, when unhooking is required, the robotic arm applies force to the lever 21, causing the limit plate 24 to stop limiting the stop plate 33. At the same time, the robotic arm applies force to the connector 31, causing the connector 31 to move upward, thereby driving the support column 32 to disengage from the front chain link 73. This causes the two car bodies 11 to move away from each other. When the front chain link 73 disengages from the U-shaped frame 1, the irregular chain 7 of the connected car body 11 is released by its own weight. At this time, the L-shaped plate 93, due to gravity, causes the rocker arm 92 to flip downward and support the support column 32 again, thus achieving automatic unhooking. This realizes automatic unhooking operation, avoiding injuries to workers' hands and feet caused by improper operation or coordination, thereby improving safety. At the same time, it realizes unhooking operation, avoiding the waste of time in manual unhooking, thereby improving the efficiency of unhooking.

[0053] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this application. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0054] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An intelligent hook-and-unhook structure for use in mining cars, characterized in that: The system includes support plates (5) at the front and rear ends of the vehicle body (11), a U-shaped frame (1) with an opening facing downwards above the support plate (5), a connecting pin (3) with a middle part restricting its movement at the top of the U-shaped frame (1), and a locking assembly (2) for locking the position of the connecting pin (3). The bottom end of the connecting pin (3) is provided with a support assembly (9) that can swing back and forth inside the U-shaped frame (1). When the support assembly (9) is in the front position, it can lift the connecting pin (3). When the support assembly (9) swings to the rear position, the connecting pin (3) falls down. Two side plates (6) are provided on both sides of the support plate (5) respectively. A shaped chain (7) that can turn in the vertical and horizontal directions is provided between the two side plates (6) below the support plate (5). The irregular chain (7) is connected to a force-applying component that controls its rotation from a vertical state to a horizontal direction; the car body (11) connected by the front and rear hooks is matched and connected to the irregular chain (7) through the connecting pin (3) and the support component (9). When the cars are tandem, when the irregular chain (7) on one car body (11) rotates to the horizontal direction and impacts the support component (9) on the other car body (11), the irregular chain (7) of one car body (11) inserts into the side wall of the connecting pin (3) on the other car body (11), and the position of the connecting pin (3) is locked by the locking component (2), so that the irregular chain (7) and the connecting pin (3) are locked. The irregular chain (7) includes a crankshaft structure, which includes a movable column (74). A rear chain (72) is symmetrically provided at both ends of the movable column (74). The ends of the rear chain (72) are respectively provided with a central column (71) connected to the rotating shafts of the two side plates (6). A U-shaped front chain link (73) is movably provided on the movable column (74). The two ends of the front chain link (73) are movably connected to the movable column (74) through elongated holes. A stop plate (731) is provided between the end of the front chain link (73) and the rear chain (72) to restrict the front chain link (73) to rotate only unidirectionally around the movable column (74). The central column (71) and the rear chain (72) are a single piece. When rotating around the center line of the mounting hole of the central column (71), the rear chain (72) presses against the stop plate (731) to force the front chain ring (73) to rotate around the movable column (74). When the rear chain (72) rotates to the horizontal, the movable column (74) and the central column (71) are at the same height. At this time, the front chain ring (73) is in a horizontal state. By rotating the central column (71), the rear chain (72) is driven to rotate. The rotation of the rear chain (72) drives the front chain ring (73) to rotate in a horizontal or vertical direction. One of the central columns (71) is provided with a fixing column (711) for fixing to the outside of the side plate (6). The fixing column (711) is provided with a fixing block (7111) at its end.

2. The intelligent hook-and-unhook structure for mining cars according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force-applying component includes a pressing rod (10) connected to the fixing block (7111) and used to apply force to it. The pressing rod (10) is used to switch the shaped chain (7) to a vertical or horizontal direction. The fixing post (711) of the shaped chain (7) is connected to a central post (71) on one side plate (6). The central post (71) and the fixing block (7111) are provided with a protective guide seat (8) on their outer sides. The pressing rod (10) is set on the guide seat (8). The pressing rod (10) and the guide seat (8) are connected to each other. A reset spring (81) is fitted on the pressing rod (10) to assist the pressing rod (10) in resetting the fixed block (7111) after applying force. The fixed block (7111) is located slightly above the center of the fixed column (711). When the fixed column (7111) is pressed down from above, the fixed column (711) rotates around the center line. When the fixed block (7111) is pressed down from above to the designed position, the fixed column (711) rotates exactly 90° from the drooping position to the horizontal position, thereby causing the end of the irregular chain (7) to swing.

3. The intelligent hook-and-unhook structure for mining cars according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing rod (10) includes a guide post (102) for mounting the reset spring (81). The top of the guide post (102) is provided with a pressure plate (101) for fixing the reset spring (81). The bottom of the guide post (102) is located inside the guide seat (8) and is provided with a baffle (103). The diameters of the pressure plate (101) and the baffle (103) are both larger than the diameter of the guide post (102).

4. The intelligent hook-and-unhook structure for mining cars according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting pin (3) includes a connector (31) vertically arranged above the U-shaped frame (1) and a support column (32) arranged inside the U-shaped frame (1). The connector (31) has an annular groove on its side. A connecting column (311) penetrating the top of the U-shaped frame (1) is provided between the connector (31) and the support column (32). A stop plate (33) is provided on the side wall of the connecting column (311). The diameter of the support column (32) and the connector (31) is larger than that of the connecting column (311), so that the connecting column (311) can move up and down in the U-shaped frame (1) without coming out.

5. The intelligent hook-and-unhook structure for mining cars according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support assembly (9) is set on the connecting column (311). The support assembly (9) includes a rotating shaft (91) set on both sides of the connecting column (311). The rotating shaft (91) is connected to an L-shaped plate (93) through a rocker arm (92) to form a movable clamping structure with the bottom of the connecting column (311). The L-shaped plate (93) is located in the front position and supported at the bottom of the connecting column (311). When the irregular chain (7) is disengaged from the U-shaped frame (1), the L-shaped plate (93) automatically flips downward due to gravity to support the support column (32). When the L-shaped plate (93) is hit by the horizontal irregular chain (7), it swings backward under the action of the rotating shaft (91) and moves to the rear position, thus losing support for the support column (32). At this time, the support column (32) falls under the action of gravity and inserts into the irregular chain (7) to complete the connection.

6. The intelligent hook-and-unhook structure for mining cars according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking assembly (2) includes a movable plate (22) that is located on the top of the U-shaped frame (1) and can move horizontally. A lever (21) is provided on the top of the movable plate (22), and a connecting plate (23) located inside the top of the U-shaped frame (1) is provided at the bottom of the movable plate (22). A limiting plate (24) that moves horizontally is provided on the side wall of the connecting plate (23). When the support column (32) is inserted into the horizontal irregular chain (7), the limiting plate (24) restricts the upward movement of the connecting column (311) by abutting against the stop plate (33). Multiple stop springs (25) are provided between the limiting plate (24) and the inner side wall of the U-shaped frame (1). Using a robotic arm to move lever (21), lever (21) drives moving plate (22) and connecting plate (23) to move, thereby causing limiting plate (24) to move and lose its limiting on stop plate (33) on connecting pin (3). At this time, stop spring (25) is compressed; irregular chain (7) impacts L-shaped plate (93) to make it flip and lose its support on support column (32). Support column (32) falls and falls into irregular chain (7) to complete the hooking operation. After hooking is completed, stop applying force to lever (21). Stop spring (25) rebounds and limits limiting plate (24) on stop plate (33), preventing connecting column (311) and support column (32) from moving up, and improving the stability of the connection between support column (32) and irregular chain (7).

7. The intelligent hook-and-unhook structure for mining cars according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the U-shaped frame (1) is provided with a moving groove (1001). The moving plate (22) matches the moving groove (1001). The moving plate (22) moves along the moving groove (1001) to prevent misalignment. The U-shaped frame (1) is provided with a protective cover plate (4). When the hook is operated, the cover plate (4) is removed.

8. A method of using the intelligent hook-and-unhook structure of claim 7 applied to a mining car, characterized in that... The steps are as follows: When it is necessary to perform a train operation between car bodies (11): pull up the connecting pin (3), and the support component (9) connected to the bottom end of the connecting pin (3) moves to the front position according to gravity to support the connecting pin (3); The pressure plate (101) of the pressing rod (10) is forced to move the guide column (102) downward. The downward movement of the guide column (102) causes the baffle (103) to press the fixing block (7111), so that the fixing block (7111) applies force to the fixing column (711). The fixed column (711) rotates under the action of force. The rotation of the fixed column (711) drives the central column (71) to rotate around the side plate (6), which in turn causes the central column (71) to rotate and drive the rear chain (72) to rotate. The rotation of the rear chain (72) drives the front chain link (73) to rotate in the horizontal direction. The horizontal front chain link (73) impacts the L-shaped plate (93) on another vehicle body (11). The L-shaped plate (93) causes the rocker arm (92) to rotate around the pivot (91), thereby causing the L-shaped plate (93) to lose its support for the support column (32). At the same time, the robot applies force to the lever (21) on the other vehicle body (11). The lever (21) causes the moving plate (22) to move along the moving groove (1001). The moving plate (22) causes the connecting plate (23) to move. The moving plate (23) causes the limiting plate (24) to move. The limiting plate (24) loses its limiting effect on the stop plate (33), thereby causing the support column (32) to slide freely down the connecting column (311). The support column (32) falls into the horizontal front chain link (73), realizing the hook operation. After hooking is completed, stop applying force to the lever (21), and the stop spring (25) resets so that the limit plate (24) limits the stop plate (33) to prevent the stop plate (33) from moving upward, thereby preventing the support column (32) from moving upward and improving the stability of the connection between the support column (32) and the front chain link (73). When it is necessary to unhook: apply force to the lever (21) to release the limit plate (24) from the stop plate (33), and at the same time apply force to the connector (31) to move the connector (31) upward, thereby driving the support column (32) to disengage from the front chain link (73). Then control the two car bodies (11) to move in opposite directions. When the front chain link (73) disengages from the U-shaped frame (1), the irregular chain (7) of the connected car body (11) is released by its own weight. At this time, the L-shaped plate (93) drives the rocker arm (92) downward due to gravity to support the support column (32) again, thus completing the unhooking operation.

Images