Underground structure and construction method of controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on soil arch effect

Abstract

The present invention discloses an underground structure of a shallow tunnel controlled by soil arch effect and a construction method thereof, which comprises: a trench; a tunnel located in the trench; a soil burial layer located in the trench and covering the tunnel; a lower arch member arranged in the soil burial layer and located above the tunnel; the lower arch member arches toward the tunnel; an upper arch member located in the soil burial layer and symmetrically arranged above the lower arch member. In the present invention, a tunnel is adopted, and the lower arch member and the upper arch member are arranged in sequence above the tunnel to support the soil above the tunnel, and the characteristics of the arch structure are utilized to reduce the sinking of the ground and reduce the soil bulge above the tunnel, thereby reducing the upper stress of the tunnel structure, ensuring that the structure does not deform or damage, and achieving the purpose of improving the safety factor and reducing safety risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to an underground structure of a controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on soil arch effect and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The open cut method is a traditional construction technology used for underground projects. The process includes the following steps: first, a foundation pit or trench is excavated from the surface and gradually extended to the design elevation; then, the main structure of the underground project is constructed from the bottom to the top; finally, after the main structure of the underground project is completed, the earthwork is backfilled to finally complete the construction of the entire underground project. This method has a long history and is widely used in various engineering projects. According to statistics, underground projects constructed using the excavation method account for more than two-thirds of the total number of soft soil projects.

[0003] Soil arching is a common phenomenon in underground engineering. It can also occur during tunnel construction or use, causing the underground soil to form a bulge on the top or around the tunnel. This is usually because after the underground soil is removed or compacted at the bottom of the tunnel, the soil above cannot immediately withstand the pressure applied by the upper structure or load, resulting in soil arching. This effect may have an adverse impact on tunnel construction and use.

[0004] The open-cut method is usually used for shallow tunnels, which means that the depth of the tunnel below the surface is usually small, generally ranging from a few meters to more than ten meters; this makes it easy for the soil above the tunnel structure to rise and the surface to settle under the action of the soil arch effect after it is put into use, thus giving rise to a variety of safety risks.

[0005] Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an underground structure of a shallow tunnel with controlled uplift and submergence based on soil arch effect and a construction method thereof, aiming to reduce the soil arch effect and thus reduce safety risks.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0008] A controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel underground structure based on soil arch effect, comprising:

[0009] Grooves;

[0010] a tunnel located within the trench;

[0011] A soil burial layer located in the trench and covering the tunnel;

[0012] A lower arched member is arranged in the soil burial layer and located above the tunnel; the lower arched member arches toward the tunnel;

[0013] The upper arched member is located in the soil burial layer and is symmetrically arranged above the lower arched member.

[0014] The underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect, wherein there is a gap between the highest point of the lower arch member and the lowest point of the upper arch member.

[0015] The underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect, wherein the thickness of the lower arch member is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the height of the tunnel.

[0016] In the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect, the thickness of the lower arch member is equal to the height of the lower arch member.

[0017] The underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect, wherein the lower arch member comprises original soil, polymer mortar and phosphate coagulant.

[0018] A construction method for an underground structure of a controlled uplift-sunk shallow buried tunnel based on soil arch effect as described in any one of the above, wherein the construction method comprises:

[0019] Providing a tunnel and digging a trench around the tunnel;

[0020] Performing a primary backfill of original soil in the trench to bury the tunnel;

[0021] When the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, a lower arch is arranged in the groove;

[0022] Performing secondary backfilling of original soil in the trench to bury the lower arch member;

[0023] When the height of the original soil reaches a preset second height, an upper arch is arranged in the groove;

[0024] The original soil is backfilled three times in the trench until it is flush with the road surface outside the trench.

[0025] The construction method of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect, wherein the providing of a tunnel and digging a trench around the tunnel specifically comprises:

[0026] A tunnel is provided, and dimension parameters of the tunnel are obtained; wherein the dimension parameters include width and height;

[0027] Determine the shape parameters of the groove according to the preset rules and the size parameters; wherein the shape parameters include width and depth;

[0028] Based on the shape parameters, the trench is excavated at a periphery of the tunnel.

[0029] The construction method of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect, wherein the preset rule is:

[0030] The width of the groove is 1 to 2 times the width of the tunnel, and the depth of the groove is 2 to 3 times the height of the tunnel.

[0031] The construction method of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect, wherein when the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, arranging the lower arch member in the groove specifically includes:

[0032] When the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, the design parameters of the lower arch are determined according to the shape parameters; wherein the design parameters include width, thickness and height;

[0033] The lower arch is manufactured according to the design parameters, and the lower arch is arranged in the groove.

[0034] The construction method of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect, wherein when the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, arranging the lower arch member in the groove specifically includes:

[0035] When the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, the design parameters of the lower arch are determined according to the shape parameters; wherein the design parameters include width, thickness and height;

[0036] Making a lower arch mold according to the design parameters, and placing the lower arch mold in the groove;

[0037] A mixed material including original soil, polymer mortar and phosphate cement is filled into the lower arch mold to form the lower arch and complete the arrangement of the lower arch in the groove.

[0038] Beneficial effect: The present invention adopts a tunnel, and arranges the lower arch member and the upper arch member in sequence above the tunnel, supports the soil above the tunnel by the lower arch member and the upper arch member, and utilizes the characteristics of the arch structure to reduce ground subsidence and reduce the uplift of the soil above the tunnel, thereby weakening the upper stress of the tunnel structure, ensuring that the structure is not deformed or damaged, and achieving the purpose of improving the safety factor and reducing safety risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is the first view of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect described in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a second view of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect described in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the construction method of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect described in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a reference diagram of the use state of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect after the original soil is backfilled once in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a reference diagram of the use status of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect after the secondary backfilling of the original soil in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower arch member described in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0046] The inventors have discovered through research that after a shallow tunnel is put into use, uneven settlement caused by various reasons will produce a soil arch effect, which causes the soil above the tunnel structure to bulge, which will increase the upper stress of the tunnel structure and may cause deformation and damage to the structure; and when the soil arch is formed, the ground or road surface above the tunnel may settle, which will have a negative impact on transportation and infrastructure use, resulting in uneven and damaged road surfaces, etc., creating safety risks.

[0047] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an underground structure of a shallow buried tunnel controlled by soil arch effect, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect includes: a trench 1, a tunnel 2, a soil burying layer 3, a lower arch 4 and an upper arch 5; wherein the tunnel 2 is located in the trench 1 and arranged at the bottom of the trench 1; the soil burying layer 3 is located in the trench 1 and covers the tunnel 2, and the upper surface of the soil burying layer 3 is flush with the road surface outside the trench 1; the lower arch 4 and the upper arch 5 have the same structure, are arranged in the vertical direction and are symmetrically arranged.

[0048] Specifically, the lower arch 4 is arranged in the soil burying layer 3 and above the tunnel 2; the lower arch 4 arches toward the tunnel 2; the upper arch 5 is located in the soil burying layer 3 and symmetrically arranged above the lower arch 4. The upper arch 5 can reduce the ground subsidence, prevent: negative impact on transportation and infrastructure use, and cause uneven and damaged road surface; and the lower arch 4 can reduce the soil uplift above the tunnel 2, thereby reducing the upper stress of the tunnel structure and ensuring that the structure is not deformed and damaged.

[0049] Therefore, the present invention adopts a tunnel 2, and arranges the lower arch 4 and the upper arch 5 in sequence above the tunnel 2, supports the soil above the tunnel 2 by the lower arch 4 and the upper arch 5, and utilizes the characteristics of the arch structure to reduce the sinking of the ground and the uplift of the soil above the tunnel 2, thereby weakening the upper stress of the tunnel structure, ensuring that the structure is not deformed or damaged, and achieving the purpose of improving the safety factor and reducing safety risks.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present application, the tunnel 2 is a rectangular tunnel. It should be noted that rectangular tunnels have significant advantages over circular tunnels in terms of adaptability, construction and maintenance, visibility, etc. These advantages are not limited to providing a larger cross-sectional area, but also reflect their key significance in improving transportation, water resource management, urban infrastructure and national security. These advantages indicate that rectangular tunnels have great application prospects in the future, bringing more flexible and sustainable solutions to various engineering and infrastructure projects.

[0051] Along the width direction, the center of the upper arch 5 (i.e., the highest point of the upper arch 5), the center of the lower arch 4 (i.e., the lowest point of the lower arch 4), and the center of the tunnel 2 are located on the same vertical line to enhance the resistance of the upper arch 5 and the lower arch 4 to the uplift of the soil above the tunnel 2 and the sinking of the ground.

[0052] If the lower arch 4 is in direct contact with the upper arch 5, the contact area between the two is very small. After being put into use, a large pressure will be generated, causing the lower arch 4 and the upper arch 5 to be more easily damaged. Therefore, in one embodiment of the present invention, there is a gap between the highest point of the lower arch 4 and the lowest point of the upper arch 5; that is, the lower arch 4 and the upper arch 5 are not in direct contact, but are separated by the soil, thereby forming a buffer between the lower arch 4 and the upper arch 5, avoiding damage to the two hard structures due to direct contact under the action of external pressure.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, there is a gap between the lowest point of the lower arch member 4 and the tunnel 2, that is, the lower arch member 4 and the tunnel 2 are not in direct contact, but are separated by soil, thereby forming a buffer between the lower arch member 4 and the tunnel 2 to avoid damage to the two hard structures due to direct contact under the action of external pressure.

[0054] If the thickness of the lower arch member 4 is too thin, the strength and rigidity of the arch member will be insufficient, the structure will be easily damaged, and the uncertainty risk factor will be increased; if the thickness is too thick, the cost will increase, and two structures for reducing bulge and sinking respectively cannot be installed; based on this, in one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the lower arch member 4 is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the height of the tunnel 2.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the lower arch member 4 is equal to the height of the lower arch member 4 to reduce the design calculation cost.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present invention, both sides of the lower arch member 4 in the width direction are in contact with the inner sidewall of the groove 1 to improve the supporting performance of the lower arch member 4 in the groove 1 .

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lower arch member 4 includes original soil, polymer mortar and phosphate coagulant. The polymer mortar is used to enhance the compressive strength of the arch structure of the lower arch member 4 after forming and improve the durability; the phosphate coagulant can not only accelerate the solidification and hardening of the arch structure, but also improve its strength and durability to a certain extent. In addition, the mixed addition of the polymer mortar and the phosphate coagulant can improve the construction efficiency while ensuring that the arch structure has a certain strength and rigidity, so as to effectively control the heave-sinking changes of the shallow underground structure.

[0058] It can be understood that the structure and material of the upper arch member 5 are the same as those of the lower arch member 4 , and the structure and material of the upper arch member 5 will not be described in detail herein.

[0059] Based on any one of the above-mentioned controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel underground structures based on soil arch effect, the present invention also provides a construction method for the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel underground structure based on soil arch effect, such as Figure 3 As shown, the construction method comprises:

[0060] S100, providing a tunnel, and digging a trench around the tunnel;

[0061] Specifically, the tunnel 2 is a rectangular tunnel; the width of the groove 1 is greater than the width of the tunnel 2, so that there is a gap between both sides of the width direction of the tunnel 2 and the inner side wall of the groove 1. The depth of the groove 1 is greater than the depth of the tunnel 2, so that after the tunnel 2 is buried with the soil burying layer 3, the lower arch 4 and the upper arch 5 can be arranged in sequence in the soil burying layer 3 and above the tunnel 2.

[0062] The providing of a tunnel and digging a trench around the tunnel specifically includes:

[0063] S101, providing a tunnel, and obtaining size parameters of the tunnel; wherein the size parameters include width and height;

[0064] S102, determining shape parameters of the groove according to a preset rule and the size parameters; wherein the shape parameters include width and depth;

[0065] S103: Digging the trench on the periphery of the tunnel based on the shape parameters.

[0066] Specifically, after the shape parameter is determined according to the size parameter and the preset rule, the trench 1 can be excavated based on the shape parameter. That is, the width of the trench 1 is determined according to the width of the tunnel 2, and the depth of the trench 1 is determined according to the height of the tunnel 2. The width of the tunnel 2 is smaller than the width of the trench 1, and the height of the tunnel 2 is smaller than the depth of the trench 1; and the height direction of the tunnel 2 is the same as the depth direction of the trench 1.

[0067] The preset rules are:

[0068] The width of the groove 1 is 1 to 2 times the width of the tunnel 2, and the depth of the groove 1 is 2 to 3 times the height of the tunnel 2; the depth of the groove 1 is designed in this way, so that after the lower arch 4 and the upper arch 5 are arranged in sequence in the soil burying layer 3, the distance between the upper arch 5 and the upper surface of the soil burying layer 3 can be moderate, and the distance between the lower arch 4 and the tunnel 2 can be moderate, so that the lower arch 4 and the upper arch 5 can cooperate with each other to reduce the sinking of the ground and reduce the uplift of the soil above the tunnel 2, avoiding the excessive distance between the lower arch 4 and the tunnel 2 due to the groove 1 being too deep, or the excessive distance between the upper arch 5 and the upper surface of the soil burying layer 3, thereby avoiding the lower arch 4 and the upper arch 5 being unable to effectively counteract the sinking of the ground and the uplift of the soil above the tunnel 2.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present invention, the width of the tunnel 2 is 5m, the height is 4m, and the wall thickness is 0.4m; the width of the trench 1 is 7m, and the depth is 11m; and the tunnel 2 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the trench 1.

[0070] S200, backfilling the trench with original soil to bury the tunnel;

[0071] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, when the original soil is backfilled once, the tunnel 2 needs to be completely covered, that is, not only the gaps between the two sides of the width direction of the tunnel 2 and the inner wall of the trench 1 need to be filled with original soil, but the original soil also needs to exceed the tunnel 2 by a certain height, so as to completely cover the tunnel 2. At the same time, during the first backfill of the original soil, the soil needs to be compacted by static pressure, and the compaction is uniform, to ensure that the density of the first backfill soil meets the requirements.

[0072] S300, when the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, arranging a lower arch member in the groove;

[0073] Specifically, the preset first height is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the height of the tunnel 2; when the height of the original soil reaches the preset first height, the lower arch 4 is arranged in the groove 1 to ensure that the height of the gap between the lowest point of the lower arch 4 and the tunnel 2 is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the height of the tunnel 2.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, arranging the lower arch member 4 in the groove 1 specifically includes:

[0075] S301, when the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, determining the design parameters of the lower arch according to the shape parameters, wherein the design parameters include width, thickness and height;

[0076] S302, manufacturing the lower arch member according to the design parameters, and arranging the lower arch member in the groove.

[0077] Specifically, in this embodiment, after one backfill is completed, the design parameters of the lower arch member 4 are determined according to the shape parameters, so that the lower arch member 4 is manufactured outside the groove 1 according to the design parameters, and the manufactured lower arch member 4 is arranged in the groove 1.

[0078] The width a of the lower arch 4 (eg Figure 6 ) is equal to the width of the groove 1, so as to ensure that both sides of the width direction of the lower arch 4 can fit closely with the inner side wall of the groove 1; the height h of the lower arch 4 (as shown Figure 6 ) is equal to the thickness, and the thickness d of the lower arch 4 (as shown Figure 6 As shown) is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the height of the tunnel 2.

[0079] In another embodiment of the present invention, when the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, arranging the lower arch member in the groove specifically includes:

[0080] S311, when the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, determining the design parameters of the lower arch according to the shape parameters, wherein the design parameters include width, thickness and height;

[0081] S312, manufacturing a lower arch mold according to the design parameters, and placing the lower arch mold in the groove;

[0082] S313, filling a mixed material including original soil, polymer mortar and phosphate coagulant into the lower arch member mold to make the lower arch member, and completing the arrangement of the lower arch member in the groove.

[0083] Specifically, in this embodiment, after one backfill is completed, the design parameters of the lower arch part 4 are determined according to the shape parameters, and the lower arch part mold is manufactured according to the design parameters; after the lower arch part mold is placed in the groove 1, the lower arch part mold is filled with a mixed material to complete the manufacturing of the lower arch part 4.

[0084] Taking into account that the span of the tunnel 2 will be relatively large, especially when bidirectional tunnels are built at the same time, the span is too large, and the cost of making the lower arch member 4 in advance will increase, and the process requirements will be relatively high. Therefore, in this embodiment, the lower arch member 4 is made by filling the groove 1 with material through a pre-made mold.

[0085] In the process of filling the lower arch mold with materials in this embodiment, the materials need to be stirred evenly by a machine to ensure the strength and rigidity requirements of the lower arch 4 after forming. In addition, the secondary backfilling of the original soil is performed only after the lower arch 4 solidifies and hardens.

[0086] It should be noted that the surface shape of the soil after the backfilling is completed once is compatible with the lower surface shape of the lower arch member 4 (eg Figure 4 As shown), the need to fill soil under the lower arch member 4 after the lower arch member 4 is arranged is avoided.

[0087] S400, performing secondary backfilling of original soil in the trench to bury the lower arch member;

[0088] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the secondary backfill of the original soil is used to bury the lower arch 4 and provide installation space for the upper arch 5. At the same time, in the secondary backfill of the original soil, the soil needs to be compacted by static pressure and compacted evenly to ensure that the density of the primary backfill soil meets the requirements.

[0089] S500, when the height of the original soil reaches a preset second height, arranging an upper arch member in the groove;

[0090] Specifically, the preset second height is greater than the height of the highest point of the lower arch member 4 , so as to ensure that there is original soil between the upper arch member 5 and the lower arch member 4 for buffering.

[0091] It is understandable that the manufacturing process of the upper arch 5 is the same as that of the lower arch 4, and the upper arch 5 can be manufactured outside the groove 1 and then arranged in the groove 1, or the upper arch 5 mold can be placed in the groove 1, and the mixed material is filled in the mold of the upper arch 5 and solidified to complete the arrangement of the upper arch 5 in the groove 1. In addition, the highest point of the upper arch 5 is lower than the road surface outside the groove 1.

[0092] It should be noted that the surface shape of the soil after the secondary backfill is completed is compatible with the lower surface shape of the upper arch member 5 (eg Figure 5As shown), the need to fill soil between the upper arch member 5 and the lower arch member 4 after the upper arch member 5 is arranged is avoided.

[0093] S600, backfilling the trench with original soil three times until the trench is flush with the road surface outside the trench.

[0094] Specifically, the original soil is backfilled three times, and the vibration method (through equipment such as a vibration hammer or a vibration plate) is used to vibrate and compact the original soil backfilled three times until it is flush with the road surface outside the trench 1.

[0095] In summary, the present invention provides an underground structure of a shallow tunnel controlled by soil arch effect and a construction method thereof, which comprises: a trench; a tunnel located in the trench; a soil burial layer located in the trench and covering the tunnel; a lower arch member arranged in the soil burial layer and located above the tunnel; the lower arch member arches toward the tunnel; an upper arch member located in the soil burial layer and symmetrically arranged above the lower arch member. In the present invention, a tunnel is adopted, and the lower arch member and the upper arch member are arranged in sequence above the tunnel, and the soil above the tunnel is supported by the lower arch member and the upper arch member, and the characteristics of the arch structure are utilized to reduce the sinking of the ground and reduce the soil bulge above the tunnel, thereby reducing the upper stress of the tunnel structure, ensuring that the structure is not deformed or damaged, and achieving the purpose of improving the safety factor and reducing safety risks.

[0096] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For ordinary technicians in this field, improvements or changes can be made based on the above description. All these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel underground structure based on soil arch effect, It is characterized in that It includes: Grooves; a tunnel located within the trench; A soil burial layer located in the trench and covering the tunnel; A lower arched member is arranged in the soil burial layer and located above the tunnel; the lower arched member arches toward the tunnel; The upper arched member is located in the soil burial layer and is symmetrically arranged above the lower arched member.

2. According to the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect of claim 1, It is characterized in that There is a gap between the highest point of the lower arched member and the lowest point of the upper arched member.

3. According to the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect of claim 1, It is characterized in that The thickness of the lower arched member is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the height of the tunnel.

4. According to the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect of claim 1, It is characterized in that The thickness of the lower arch is equal to the height of the lower arch.

5. According to the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect of claim 1, It is characterized in that The lower arch member comprises original soil, polymer mortar and phosphate cementitious material.

6. A construction method for an underground structure of a controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on soil arch effect according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that The construction method comprises: Providing a tunnel and digging a trench around the tunnel; Performing a primary backfill of original soil in the trench to bury the tunnel; When the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, a lower arch is arranged in the groove; Performing secondary backfilling of original soil in the trench to bury the lower arch member; When the height of the original soil reaches a preset second height, an upper arch is arranged in the groove; The original soil is backfilled three times in the trench until it is flush with the road surface outside the trench.

7. The construction method of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The providing of a tunnel and digging a trench around the tunnel specifically includes: A tunnel is provided, and dimension parameters of the tunnel are obtained; wherein the dimension parameters include width and height; Determine the shape parameters of the groove according to the preset rules and the size parameters; wherein the shape parameters include width and depth; Based on the shape parameters, the trench is excavated at a periphery of the tunnel.

8. The construction method of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The preset rules are: The width of the groove is 1 to 2 times the width of the tunnel, and the depth of the groove is 2 to 3 times the height of the tunnel.

9. The construction method of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect according to claim 7, It is characterized in that When the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, arranging the lower arch member in the groove specifically includes: When the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, the design parameters of the lower arch are determined according to the shape parameters; wherein the design parameters include width, thickness and height; The lower arch is manufactured according to the design parameters, and the lower arch is arranged in the groove.

10. The construction method of the underground structure of the controlled uplift and shallow buried tunnel based on the soil arch effect according to claim 7, It is characterized in that When the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, arranging the lower arch member in the groove specifically includes: When the height of the original soil reaches a preset first height, the design parameters of the lower arch are determined according to the shape parameters; wherein the design parameters include width, thickness and height; Making a lower arch mold according to the design parameters, and placing the lower arch mold in the groove; A mixed material including original soil, polymer mortar and phosphate cement is filled into the lower arch mold to form the lower arch and complete the arrangement of the lower arch in the groove.

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