Test device for bursting disc performance testing under high-pressure hydrogen environment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the manufacturing and testing technology of safety accessories for hydrogen storage and transportation equipment, aiming to provide a test device for testing the performance of rupture discs in a high-pressure hydrogen environment. The device includes a test chamber, a dark box, an imaging equipment protection chamber, an optical path system, a gas path system, and a control system; by utilizing the principle that the rupture disc itself has a limited light reflectivity and the rupture flap shapes are diverse, resulting in uncertain reflection angles, a reflective mirror surface is arranged inside the step at the end face of the test chamber to expand the optical path, so as to achieve a clearer and more accurate real-time observation of the rupture action of the rupture disc, thereby conducting various tests or observations on the rupture disc to be tested in a high-pressure hydrogen environment. The present invention can prevent the high-pressure hydrogen jet from impacting expensive high-speed camera equipment, protect the safety of test personnel and equipment, and at the same time reduce the interference of ambient light on the test, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of shooting and can realize the testing of various performances of different types of rupture discs under different conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the manufacturing and testing technology of safety accessories for hydrogen storage and transportation equipment, and particularly relates to a test device for testing the performance of bursting discs in a high-pressure hydrogen environment. Background Art

[0002] In order to address climate change and improve the problem of fuel shortage, accelerating the decarbonization transformation of energy is an inevitable choice for achieving sustainable human development. As the most promising secondary energy source in the new century, hydrogen energy has become a major strategic direction for the global energy revolution.

[0003] High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is one of the most widely used hydrogen storage methods. Considering the deterioration effect of hydrogen on materials and its dangerous characteristics of being flammable, explosive, and easy to leak, it is usually necessary to install a suitable overpressure relief device for hydrogen energy pressure-bearing equipment. At present, the selection and installation requirements of overpressure relief devices for high-pressure hydrogen systems in hydrogen-related standards of various countries are not unified, and each has technical drawbacks. For example, common temperature-driven overpressure relief devices (TPRDs) or safety valves often have complex structural designs and strict manufacturing requirements, with potential safety hazards of untimely operation. Moreover, most of them rely on imports and are expensive, and their service performance in a high-pressure hydrogen environment also needs to be further improved. There are also fusible plug devices, but their operation is controlled by temperature, unable to open quickly under rapid pressure increase, and there are situations where they may fall off due to long-term extrusion or cause misoperation due to local heating. In contrast, the bursting disc device has a simple structure, low price, sensitive action, and good sealing performance, and is particularly suitable for the rapid pressure relief of high-pressure gases.

[0004] For different application scenarios, rupture discs with different characteristic structures can be used. However, the current domestic and international standards have not clearly given the applicability evaluation methods of these different types of rupture discs in the high-pressure hydrogen discharge scenario. Existing research on the performance of rupture discs usually uses media such as liquid, air, and nitrogen for testing. The test devices and methods for rupture discs in hydrogen medium are still relatively blank. Considering the special hydrogen embrittlement resistance requirements of materials in a high-pressure hydrogen environment and the characteristics of hydrogen being flammable, explosive, and easy to leak, the rupture disc is under long-term clamping force and possible gas temperature and pressure fluctuations. And the overall structure of the rupture disc is relatively thin, usually with special structures such as slotted or slit. Therefore, more attention needs to be paid to the impact of hydrogen embrittlement on the operating performance of the rupture disc. In addition, some studies have shown that the possibility of spontaneous combustion during high-pressure hydrogen discharge is closely related to the rupture morphology and rupture time of the rupture disc. Similar requirements for observing the diaphragm rupture process also appear in shock tube research. The common method is to install a glass window on the pressure-bearing equipment cavity upstream of the diaphragm for shooting or supplementary lighting, and conduct corresponding supplementary lighting or shooting downstream of the diaphragm. However, when the upstream cavity of the rupture disc bears high-pressure hydrogen, this approach will be unfavorable for the sealing and manufacturing of the upstream cavity. The glass window will become a weak part of the upstream cavity. Once it is damaged during the test, it may trigger combustion or explosion accidents caused by high-pressure hydrogen leakage, resulting in serious equipment or personnel injuries.

[0005] In summary, it is in line with the actual needs to provide a test device and method for the performance of rupture discs applicable to high-pressure hydrogen scenarios, so as to obtain test data under different working conditions, establish an applicability evaluation method for rupture discs in a high-pressure hydrogen environment, and provide a reference basis for the design and selection of overpressure relief devices in high-pressure hydrogen systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a test device for the performance of rupture discs in a high-pressure hydrogen environment.

[0007] To solve the technical problem, the solution of the present invention is:

[0008] Provide a test device for the performance of rupture discs in a high-pressure hydrogen environment, characterized in that it includes:

[0009] A test cavity, which is composed of an end seat, a front clamping seat, and a rear clamping seat connected in sequence by threads; the front clamping seat and the rear clamping seat have a through axial through-hole, and a clamping position for the rupture disc to be tested is provided between them; the end seat is single-ended closed, and an air inlet channel and an exhaust channel connected to the axial through-hole are provided on the front clamping seat;

[0010] A dark box, having a hollow box-shaped structure, and a box body air inlet channel is provided on the side wall; the rear clamping seat is fixedly installed on the outside of the box body, and its axial through-hole is docked with the box body air inlet channel;

[0011] The protective chamber of the imaging device includes a hollow tubular support column and a cover with a U-shaped cross-section. At the top of the support column, there are three levels of annular steps. From top to bottom, an O-ring rubber seal, a high-pressure explosion-proof glass, and a positioning grid are placed on each level of the step respectively. The cover is nested and installed outside the support column, with its top surface having a central opening pressing tightly against the high-pressure explosion-proof glass, and the bottom is fixed to the bottom plate of the dark box body through a flange, so that the support column is vertically fixed between the top surface of the cover and the bottom plate of the box body. The high-speed camera is placed inside the support column, and the lens faces the opening on the top surface of the cover.

[0012] The optical path system includes a light source and a one-way glass provided in the dark box, and a reflector provided inside the closed end of the end seat. The light source, the one-way glass, the air intake channel of the box body, the axial through holes of the front clamping seat and the rear clamping seat, and the reflector are arranged coaxially in sequence. The one-way glass is located at the intersection of the central axis of the test cavity and the central axis of the high-speed camera lens, and its reflecting surface is set at an angle of 45° with the central axis of the test cavity towards the test cavity and the high-speed camera. The light source is provided at a position slightly above and to the right of the one-way glass, and the distance from the central axis of the test cavity is determined by the refraction angle of the light passing through the one-way glass.

[0013] The gas path system includes a compressor, a pneumatic control pressure reducing valve, pipelines, and a plurality of electrically controlled valves provided on the pipelines. The air intake channel of the test cavity is connected to the pneumatic control pressure reducing valve, the compressor, and the gas supply subsystem in sequence through pipelines. The exhaust channel of the test cavity is connected to the discharge subsystem, the vacuum pumping subsystem, and the recovery subsystem through pipelines. The outlet of the compressor is also connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage subsystem through a pipeline.

[0014] The control system includes an upper computer, a temperature control subsystem, and hydrogen sensors, pressure sensors, and temperature sensors provided in the test cavity and the gas path system. The temperature control subsystem is used to adjust and control the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen storage subsystem. The upper computer is connected to the temperature control subsystem, the light source, the high-speed camera, each sensor, and the valves through signal lines.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the exteriors of the end seat, the front clamping seat, and the rear clamping seat are in the shape of a hexagonal prism. The diameters of the axial through holes of the front clamping seat and the rear clamping seat and the inner diameter of the air intake channel of the dark box body are greater than or equal to the discharge diameter of the blasting disc to be tested.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the high-pressure hydrogen storage subsystem includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage container. A plurality of openings are provided on the container wall for installing sensors for monitoring pressure and temperature, and a discharge valve is connected through a pipeline. The temperature control subsystem includes a jacket of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container and a cold source / heat source for providing a heat exchange medium. The two are connected through a pipeline to form a circulation loop, and an electrically controlled valve is provided on the pipeline.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a box door and an exhaust window are provided on the dark box body opposite to the air inlet passage of the box body, and a door handle is provided on the outer side of the box door.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a through hole for connecting a high-speed camera and its peripheral counterbore are provided on the bottom plate of the box body; an axial through hole is provided in the support column, and a fourth step, a fifth step and a sixth step are successively provided on the inner side wall surface of the through hole from top to bottom; the high-pressure explosion-proof glass is composed of a first conical frustum and a second conical frustum; the cover is composed of an inwardly retracted upper section, a cylindrical middle section and a flange lower section; fillets are provided at the upper edges of the fourth step, the sixth step and the first conical frustum; the side wall surface of the fifth step is a conical surface, and the side wall surface of the second conical frustum is a frosted glass conical surface, and the two have the same inclination angle, and the axial length of the former is less than that of the latter; the inclination angle of the side wall surface of the first conical frustum is greater than that of the second conical frustum; the support column is arranged in the counterbore of the bottom plate of the box body; the high-pressure explosion-proof glass is placed on the conical surface of the fifth step of the support column; the lower end surface of the inwardly retracted upper section of the cover presses on the upper end surface of the high-pressure explosion-proof glass; the cylindrical middle section of the cover is sleeved on the outer side wall surface of the support column; the flange lower section of the cover is connected to the bottom plate of the box body by screws; a positioning grid is placed on the sixth step of the support column; a high-speed camera is placed in the through hole below the sixth step; a circumferential groove is provided on the lower end surface of the support column, and an O-ring seal four is embedded in the groove; an O-ring seal five is placed on the fourth step of the support column.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reflector is circular, is arranged in the end face step of the end seat, and is limitedly installed by being pressed by the front clamping seat and the reflector pressing ring; the inner diameter of the reflector pressing ring is larger than the discharge diameter of the blasting disc to be measured.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first step and an end face step are provided on the inner side wall surface of the end seat from right to left; the front clamping seat is composed of a first left-stage frustum, a first middle-stage prism and a first right-stage groove, and a second step and a third step are provided on the inner side wall surface of the first right-stage groove from right to left; the rear clamping seat is composed of a second left-stage frustum, a second middle-stage prism and a second right-stage groove, and circumferentially distributed screw holes are provided on the right end face of the second right-stage groove, which are used to cooperate with the circumferentially distributed through holes provided on the outer peripheral box body of the air inlet passage of the box body to install screws.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air inlet passage and the exhaust passage are arranged on the first middle-stage prism of the front clamping seat; a monitoring channel one and a monitoring channel two are also provided on the first middle-stage prism, and sensors for temperature monitoring and pressure monitoring are respectively embedded and installed; a monitoring channel three is provided at the second step of the front clamping seat, and a monitoring channel four is provided at the second middle-stage prism of the rear clamping seat, and sensors for hydrogen concentration monitoring are respectively embedded and installed.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, circumferential grooves are respectively formed on the left end face of the first middle-section prism, the outer side wall surface of the second left-section frustum, and the outer wall surface of the casing between the air intake passage of the casing and the through holes uniformly distributed circumferentially around it, and O-ring rubber seals are respectively installed in the grooves for sealing.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamping position for the blasting disc to be tested is arranged within the third step between the first right-section rib groove of the front clamping seat and the second left-section frustum of the rear clamping seat; in the clamping position for the blasting disc to be tested, an annular metal gasket, the blasting disc to be tested, and a special-shaped pressing ring are sequentially placed. The special-shaped pressing ring is pressed by the rear clamping seat to further press the blasting disc to be tested and the annular metal gasket and achieve sealing; the special-shaped pressing ring is an integral structure with a first ring and a second ring; wherein the inner diameter of the first ring is the same as the outer diameter of the blasting disc to be tested, the inner diameter of the second ring is the same as the venting diameter of the blasting disc to be tested, and a fillet is provided at the left edge of the second ring on the side close to the blasting disc to be tested.

[0024] Description of the invention principle:

[0025] The corner coaxial light source usually uses a light-emitting diode (LED) array to emit uniform bright light. The light passes through a one-way glass with a special coating from one side and propagates towards the object to be observed, and is reflected back by the object to be observed. The reflected light is reflected by the one-way glass again on the way back and then reflected to the observation direction. This kind of design structure is compact and is usually used to observe scratches, cracks, or foreign objects on the surface of workpieces with extremely high reflectivity.

[0026] Considering that the reflectivity of the blasting disc itself to light is very limited, and the various shapes of the rupture membrane flaps result in uncertain reflection angles, therefore, based on the above principle, the present invention sets a reflective mirror surface within the step on the end face of the test cavity to expand the light path and achieve the purpose of more clearly and accurately observing the rupture action of the blasting disc in real time.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. The design of installing a reflective mirror inside the test cavity of the present invention enables the observation light path to pass through the ruptured blasting disc, thereby realizing the observation and recording of the rupture morphology, rupture rate, and whether there are fragments generated of blasting discs with different opening types under the impact of high-pressure hydrogen; the high-speed camera is arranged at the bottom of the box to prevent the high-pressure hydrogen jet dominated by momentum or buoyancy from impacting the expensive high-speed camera equipment.

[0029] 2. The dark box design in the test device of the present invention can protect the safety of test personnel and equipment, and at the same time reduce the interference of ambient light on the test, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of shooting; the exhaust window opened on the dark box door can help discharge the hydrogen in the dark box to a designated area, alleviating the small increase in the box pressure caused by the hydrogen release.

[0030] 3. The self-tightening high-pressure explosion-proof glass and the protective chamber of the imaging device adopt a special structural design, which is convenient for installation and can be effectively sealed to protect the high-speed camera. In addition to being used for placing the signal cable of the high-speed camera, the through hole at the bottom of the dark box can also prevent the accidental entry of high-pressure hydrogen into the protective chamber of the imaging device and damage to the device. In addition, the positioning grid can further protect the high-speed camera in the event of accidental breakage of the high-pressure explosion-proof glass and provide a grid reference for drawing the rupture pattern image of the rupture disc.

[0031] 4. The test device of the present invention has multifunctional test capabilities, and can realize the safety tests of the bursting pressure, fatigue life, sealing level, rupture morphology and other performances of rupture discs with different clamping forces and different opening types under different hydrogen working conditions such as different pressurization parameters, pressure cycle parameters, temperature fluctuation parameters, etc. By simply changing the size of the special-shaped pressure ring, the specification size of the rupture disc to be tested can be expanded, filling the gap in the field of rupture disc performance test devices and methods in a high-pressure hydrogen environment.

[0032] 5. The test device of the present invention has a simple structure, is convenient for disassembly and assembly, and the method is easy to implement. It can help evaluate the performance of rupture discs for high-pressure hydrogen, quickly select models, and optimize the structural design, and provide clear and reasonable opening condition parameters for the study of the consequences of spontaneous combustion of high-pressure hydrogen release. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 is the overall system schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is the sectional view of the test cavity and the dark box structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the sectional view at the A-A position in

[0036] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the partial enlarged view of part Ⅰ in

[0037] Figure 5 is Figure 3 the sectional view of the front clamping seat at the B-B position in

[0038] Figure 6 is Figure 2 the partial enlarged view of part Ⅱ in

[0039] Figure 7 is Figure 2 the partial enlarged view of part Ⅲ in

[0040] Figure 8 is the sectional view of the test cavity structure of the present invention when the size of the rupture disc to be tested is different from Figure 2 ;

[0041] Figure 9 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of middle part Ⅳ;

[0042] Figure 10 is a sectional view of the protective bin structure of the imaging device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 is a sectional view of the support column structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 is Figure 10 a partial enlarged view of middle part Ⅴ;

[0045] Figure 13 is an overall external view of the high - voltage explosion - proof glass;

[0046] Figure 14 is Figure 12 a partial enlarged view of middle part Ⅵ;

[0047] Figure 15 is Figure 10 a partial enlarged view of middle part Ⅶ.

[0048] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1 hydrogen sensor 1; 2 dark box; 3 high - speed camera; 4 light source; 5 relief valve; 6 flame arrester; 7 vacuum gauge; 8 vacuum pump; 9 recovery tank; 10 pressure sensor 2; 11 argon gas cylinder; 12 hydrogen gas cylinder; 13 cold source / heat source; 14 upper computer; 15 high - pressure hydrogen storage container; 16 compressor; 17 temperature sensor 2; 18 pneumatic pressure reducing valve; 19 hydrogen sensor 2; 20 intake passage; 21 pressure sensor 1; 22 temperature sensor 1; 23 test cavity; 24 exhaust passage; 25 annular metal gasket; 26 monitoring passage 3; 27 special - shaped pressure ring; 28 O - ring rubber seal 2; 29 box body; 30 one - way glass; 31 exhaust window; 32 door handle; 33 box door; 34 positioning grid; 35 protective bin of imaging device; 36 box body intake passage; 37 monitoring passage 4; 38 rear clamping seat; 39 blasting disc to be tested; 40 front clamping seat; 41 O - ring rubber seal 1; 42 end seat; 43 mirror retaining ring; 44 mirror; 45 second prism surface; 46 monitoring passage 2; 47 monitoring passage 1; 48 end face step; 49 first step; 50 third step; 51 second step; 52 O - ring rubber seal 3; 53 bin cover; 54 O - ring rubber seal 5; 55 high - voltage explosion - proof glass; 56 O - ring rubber seal 4; 57 support column; 58 wiring through - hole; 59 fourth step; 60 sixth step; 61 fifth step; 62 frosted glass cone surface. Specific embodiments

[0049] First of all, it should be noted that the serial numbers assigned to the components in this application, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meanings. And the terms "connection" and "coupling" as used in this application, unless otherwise specifically stated, both include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to this application.

[0050] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0051] In addition, the name of some devices or components in the present invention uses "high pressure" as a limitation, which means that the device or component can adapt to the environmental pressure of the hydrogen pressurization test; the specific pressure-bearing capacity can be implemented according to the conventional standards, and no special requirements are made in the present invention. The host computer has a master control system in the form of software, and realizes the monitoring data recording, warning, and sending control instructions to relevant valves, high-speed cameras, and light sources through software programming. For example, the valve on the hydrogen concentration sensor line of the test cavity will be closed under the control of the host computer when the bursting disc bursts; the pneumatic pressure reducing valve is controlled by the host computer to change parameters, the pressure relief valve is controlled by the host computer to open for hydrogen release, and the electric control valve of the temperature control subsystem is controlled by the host computer to change the opening degree, and so on. These functions are all skills mastered by those skilled in the art, and no special requirements are made in the present invention.

[0052] The high pressure mentioned in the present invention generally refers to the pressure range of 0 to 140 MPa, and the low temperature range generally refers to the temperature range of -90 to 20 °C.

[0053] The following further describes the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0054] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the performance test device for bursting discs under high-pressure hydrogen environment of the present invention mainly includes: a test chamber 23, a dark box 2, an imaging device protection chamber 35, an optical path system, a gas path system and a control system. Among them,

[0055] The test chamber 23 is composed of an end seat 42, a front clamping seat 40 and a rear clamping seat 38 which are sequentially connected by threads; the front clamping seat 40 and the rear clamping seat 38 have through axial through holes, and a clamping position for the bursting disc 39 to be tested is arranged between them; the end seat 42 is closed at one end, and an air inlet channel 20 and an exhaust channel 24 connected to the axial through hole are arranged on the front clamping seat 40;

[0056] The dark box 2 has a hollow box-shaped structure, and a box body air inlet channel 36 is arranged on the side wall; the rear clamping seat 38 is fixedly installed on the outside of the box body 29, and its axial through hole is butted with the box body air inlet channel 36;

[0057] The imaging device protection chamber 35 includes a hollow tubular support column 57 and a cover 53 with a shape like the letter "J" in cross section. Three-level annular steps are arranged at the top of the support column 57. An O-ring 54, a high-pressure explosion-proof glass 55 and a positioning grid 34 are respectively placed on each step from top to bottom; the cover 53 is nested and installed outside the support column 57, and its top surface with a central opening presses the high-pressure explosion-proof glass 55 tightly, and the bottom is fixed on the bottom plate of the box body 29 of the dark box 2 through a flange, so that the support column 57 is vertically fixed between the top surface of the cover 53 and the bottom plate of the box body 29; the high-speed camera 3 is placed inside the support column 57, and the lens faces the opening on the top surface of the cover 53;

[0058] The optical path system includes a light source 4 and a one-way glass 30 arranged in the dark box 2, and a reflector 44 arranged inside the closed end of the end seat 42; the light source 4, the one-way glass 30, the box body air inlet channel 36, the axial through holes of the front clamping seat 40 and the rear clamping seat 38, and the reflector 44 are arranged coaxially in sequence; the one-way glass 30 is located at the intersection of the central axis of the test chamber 23 and the central axis of the lens of the high-speed camera 3, and its reflecting surface is arranged at an inclination angle of 45° with the central axis of the test chamber 23 towards the test chamber 23 and the high-speed camera 3; the light source 4 is arranged at a position above and to the right of the one-way glass 30, and the distance from the central axis of the test chamber 23 is determined by the refraction angle of the light passing through the one-way glass 30;

[0059] The gas path system includes a compressor 16, a pneumatic control pressure reducing valve 18, pipelines, and a plurality of electric control valves provided on the pipelines; the intake passage 20 of the test chamber 23 is connected to the pneumatic control pressure reducing valve 18, the compressor 16, and the gas supply subsystem in sequence through pipelines; the exhaust passage 24 of the test chamber 23 is connected to the relief subsystem, the vacuum pumping subsystem, and the recovery subsystem through pipelines. The high-pressure hydrogen storage subsystem includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 connected to the outlet of the compressor 16 through a pipeline, with openings provided on its container wall for installing pressure sensor II 10 and temperature sensor II 17 respectively, and a relief valve connected through a pipeline. The relief subsystem includes a relief valve, the vacuum pumping subsystem includes a vacuum pump 8, the recovery subsystem includes a recovery tank 9, and the gas supply subsystem includes a hydrogen cylinder 12 and an argon cylinder 11.

[0060] The control system includes a host computer 14, a temperature control subsystem, and hydrogen sensors, pressure sensors, and temperature sensors provided in the test chamber 23 and the gas path system; among them, the temperature control subsystem is used to adjust and control the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen storage subsystem, including the jacket of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container and a cold source / heat source 13 that provides a heat exchange medium, and the two are connected through pipelines to form a circulation loop, and an electric control valve is provided on the pipeline. The host computer 14 is connected to the temperature control subsystem, the light source 4, the high-speed camera 3, each sensor, and the valve through signal lines.

[0061] The present invention can realize the performance test of bursting discs under a high-pressure hydrogen environment by using the above device, and is used for the bursting pressure test, fatigue performance test, sealing performance test, or real-time observation of the rupture morphology of the bursting disc to be tested 39 under different clamping forces in a high-pressure hydrogen environment; the specific test method includes:

[0062] (1) Assemble each device and system according to the structure and connection relationship of the device.

[0063] (2) Separate the front clamping seat 40 and the rear clamping seat 38, and sequentially install an annular metal gasket 25, the bursting disc to be tested 39, and a special-shaped pressing ring 27 in the step of the front clamping seat 40; then butt and tighten the threads of the front clamping seat 40 and the rear clamping seat 38, and adjust the installation torque according to the preset test plan; the installation torque between the front clamping seat 40 and the rear clamping seat 38 is obtained by converting the installation torque of the actual bursting disc product, and the clamping forces on the bursting disc are considered to be equal in the process, but their respective thread connection parameters are different.

[0064] (3) Open the argon cylinder 11 and the relief valve 5 in sequence, and purge the test chamber 23 and the connected pipelines twice until the gas in the chamber is completely exhausted.

[0065] (4) Open the vacuum pump 8 to evacuate the test chamber 23 and the connected pipelines.

[0066] (5) Open the hydrogen cylinder 12 and the relief valve 5 in sequence to purge the test chamber 23 and the connected pipelines twice.

[0067] (6) Use the bursting disc performance testing device to test or observe the bursting discs to be tested under different clamping forces. Specifically, it includes:

[0068] (6.1) When conducting the bursting pressure test: Increase the hydrogen pressure in the test chamber 23 at a set rate. When it is monitored that the indication value of the pressure sensor on the front clamping seat 40 drops suddenly beyond the accuracy range of the instrument and equipment, the upper computer 14 gives a warning of the bursting disc bursting action, and record the bursting pressure value read through the pressure sensor at this time.

[0069] (6.2) When conducting the fatigue performance test: Perform pressurization and depressurization operations on the test chamber 23 for a set number of pressure cycles with the set upper and lower limits of the pressure cycle and frequency, and then conduct the bursting pressure test on the fatigued bursting disc according to the operation described in step (6.1); or, conduct the fatigue life test on the bursting disc, perform cyclic pressurization and depressurization operations on the test chamber 23 with the set upper and lower limits of the pressure cycle and frequency until the difference between the pressure cycle peak value monitored by the pressure sensor on the front clamping seat 40 and the set upper limit of the pressure cycle exceeds the accuracy range of the instrument and equipment; the upper computer 14 gives a warning of the bursting disc bursting action, and record the fatigue cycle number at this time and the bursting pressure value read through the pressure sensor.

[0070] (6.3) When conducting the sealing performance test: Use the hydrogen sensors on the front clamping seat 40 and the rear clamping seat 38 to monitor the change in the hydrogen concentration in the bursting disc sealing leakage channel during the pressure holding, pressurization, and pressure cycle operations, and record it by the upper computer 14.

[0071] (6.4) When conducting real-time observation of the rupture morphology: The light emitted from the light source 4 propagates in a direction parallel to the central axis of the test chamber 23, first refracts through the one-way glass 30 and then enters the test chamber 23, is blocked by the incompletely unfolded bursting disc, and then is reflected back by the reflector 44 inside the end seat 42; The part of the light that can pass is mostly reflected to propagate downward perpendicular to the original light direction after reaching the reflecting surface of the one-way glass 30, and finally is received by the high-speed camera 3 after passing through the high-pressure explosion-proof glass 55 and the positioning grid 34. In this way, the rupture morphology, rupture rate, and whether there are fragments generated during the bursting process of the bursting disc are recorded in real time.

[0072] In the present invention, according to the value of the hydrogen pressure monitored in real time in the test chamber 23, the operation parameters of the pneumatic control pressure reducing valve 18 are synchronously adjusted by the upper computer 14. When it is prompted by the pressure monitoring value that the rupture disc bursts, the valve on the hydrogen sensor line is automatically shut off by the upper computer 14. The hydrogen gas is directly input into the test chamber 23 after being pressurized by the compressor 16, or is first stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 and then input into the test chamber 23. The temperature sensor feeds back the hydrogen temperature in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 to the upper computer 14 in real time, and the control parameters of the temperature control subsystem are synchronously adjusted by the upper computer 14; or, low-temperature argon gas is prepared by using the temperature control subsystem, the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 and the argon gas cylinder 11 to perform low-temperature argon gas purging after the test to quickly cool the test device.

[0073] (7) After the test is completed, close the hydrogen gas cylinder 12, the compressor 16 and the pneumatic control pressure reducing valve 18, open the relief valve 5, and discharge the high-pressure hydrogen gas in the test chamber 23 and the connected pipelines to a safe area through the flame arrester 6; or, before opening the relief valve 5, first recover the high-pressure hydrogen gas discharged from the test chamber 23 into the recovery tank 9 for reuse.

[0074] (8) Open the vacuum pump 8 to evacuate the test chamber 23 and the connected pipelines.

[0075] (9) Shut down the test system and disassemble and clean the test chamber 23.

[0076] A more specific example of implementation:

[0077] As Figure 1 shown, on the intermediate pipeline between the compressor 16 and the pneumatic control pressure reducing valve 18, a high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 is connected through a branch pipeline. The other end of the pneumatic control pressure reducing valve 18 is connected to the intake passage 20 of the test chamber 23, and the exhaust passage 24 of the test chamber 23 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 16 through a main pipeline. On this main pipeline, a relief subsystem, a vacuum pumping subsystem, a recovery subsystem and a gas supply subsystem are respectively connected through branch pipelines, so that the entire test system forms a gas circulation loop, and several valves for isolation are provided on the main pipeline. Among them, the relief subsystem includes a relief valve 5 and a flame arrester 6, the vacuum pumping subsystem includes a vacuum gauge 7 and a vacuum pump 8, the recovery subsystem includes a recovery tank 9, and the gas supply subsystem includes a hydrogen gas cylinder 12 and an argon gas cylinder 11. Further, relief valves and flame arresters can also be provided respectively in each external discharge system.

[0078] Based on the above gas circuit system, a hydrogen cylinder 12 providing hydrogen medium for experiments, an argon cylinder 11 providing inert medium for purging, and a recovery tank 9 storing the hydrogen to be recycled discharged from the test chamber 23 are jointly connected to a compressor 16. The compressor 16 can meet the pressurization requirements within the range of 0 MPa to 140 MPa, and the other end thereof is connected to a pneumatic control pressure reducing valve 18. The pneumatic control pressure reducing valve 18 is used to change the pressurization and depressurization rates of hydrogen in the test chamber 23 and can achieve rate control within the range of 0.0005 MPa / s to 1 MPa / s. Exemplarily, the part of the inner layer of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 in direct contact with hydrogen is made of anti-hydrogen embrittlement material 316L. The design pressure of the container is 140 MPa, and the design temperature is -90°C to 150°C. The cooling coil and heating coil in the outer jacket of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 are respectively connected to the cold source / heat source 13 through different intermediate circulation pipelines, and then an additional thermal insulation layer is added outside the jacket to reduce the energy consumption during the heat conduction process. The pressure and temperature of the medium in the container are respectively monitored by a second pressure sensor 10 and a second temperature sensor 17. Exemplarily, the cold source is liquid nitrogen, the heat source is heat-conducting oil heated by a resistance wire, the temperature control range is -90°C to 150°C, and the temperature control accuracy is ±3°C. The test chamber 23 is also connected to a first pressure sensor 21, a first temperature sensor 22, a first hydrogen sensor 1, and a second hydrogen sensor 19. The first pressure sensor 21 and the first temperature sensor 22 are respectively used to monitor the pressure and temperature of hydrogen in the test chamber 23, and the two hydrogen sensors are used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the channels where the rupture disk seal may leak. In addition, the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 and the recovery tank 9 are also separately provided with discharge pipelines to facilitate the rapid discharge and inspection of the test system. The first pressure sensor 21, the first hydrogen sensor 1, the second hydrogen sensor 19, and the second temperature sensor 17 respectively feedback the monitored information to the upper computer 14 through signal lines. The upper computer 14 is connected to valves on the hydrogen sensor line, a discharge valve 5, a light source 4, a high-speed camera 3, the pneumatic control pressure reducing valve 18, and a temperature control subsystem through signal lines.

[0079] The upper computer 14 is built-in with control software for implementing the following functions: when it monitors the rupture of the rupture disk, it can automatically cut off the valve on the hydrogen sensor line; automatically control the intake and exhaust of the test chamber 23 and the startup of the light source 4 and the high-speed camera 3; respectively adjust the control parameters of the pneumatic control pressure reducing valve 18 and the temperature control subsystem according to the pressure in the test chamber 23 monitored by the first pressure sensor 21 and the temperature in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 monitored by the second temperature sensor 17 in real time.

[0080] As Figure 2As shown, the test cavity 23 is used for bursting disc performance testing under a high-pressure hydrogen environment. Its design pressure is 140 MPa, and the design temperature is -90°C to 150°C. The overall appearance is a hexagonal prism, which consists of three components: an end seat 42, a front clamping seat 40, and a rear clamping seat 38. The main body is made of austenitic stainless steel with good hydrogen resistance.

[0081] As Figure 4 shown, the inner side wall surface of the cavity of the end seat 42 is provided with an internal thread. To the left of the thread are, in sequence, an annular first step 49 and an end face step 48; in the end face step 48, a circular reflector 44 and a reflector retaining ring 43 are provided in sequence from left to right. The outer diameters of both are the same as the diameter of the end face step 48, and the inner diameter of the reflector retaining ring 43 is greater than Figure 2 the discharge aperture of the bursting disc 39 to be tested therein.

[0082] As Figure 2 and Figure 5 shown, the front clamping seat 40 is an integral structure with an axial through-hole whose diameter is greater than or equal to the discharge aperture of the bursting disc 39 to be tested, and is composed of three parts: a first left-stage frustum, a first middle-stage prism, and a first right-stage rib groove. As Figure 4 shown, the outer side wall surface of the first left-stage frustum is provided with an external thread, which is matched with the internal thread of the end seat 42 for installation; the left end face of the first left-stage frustum presses against the right end face of the reflector retaining ring 43; a circumferential groove is opened on the left end face of the first middle-stage prism, and an O-ring rubber seal 41 is installed in the groove, forming a sealing structure with the right end face of the end seat 42. As Figure 3 shown, four radially through channels are opened in the first middle-stage prism. Exemplarily, the four channels are respectively opened on the second prism face 45, the third prism face, the fifth prism face, and the sixth prism face of the first middle-stage prism in a counterclockwise order from the front ( Figure 3 the direction of the dotted arrow in the figure) to the top, rear, and bottom, and are respectively an exhaust channel 24 connected to the relief valve 5, a monitoring channel 47 connected to the temperature sensor 22, an intake channel 20 connected to the pneumatic pressure reducing valve 18, and a monitoring channel 46 connected to the pressure sensor 21. As Figure 5 shown, the inner side wall surface of the first right-stage rib groove is provided with an internal thread (indicated by the dotted arrow in the figure). To the left of the thread are, in sequence, an annular second step 51 and a third step 50, and to the right of the thread is a common wall surface with a diameter greater than the major diameter of the thread. As Figure 6 shown, a radially through channel monitoring channel 26 connected to the hydrogen sensor 1 is opened in the second step 51. As Figure 7As shown in the figure, the special-shaped pressing ring 27 is arranged in the third step 50 with the same diameter as it, and realizes sealing by pressing the blasting disc 39 to be tested and the annular metal gasket 25. The special-shaped pressing ring 27 is an integral structure composed of a first circular ring and a second circular ring. The inner diameter of the first circular ring is the same as the outer diameter of the blasting disc 39 to be tested, and the inner diameter of the second circular ring is the same as the relief aperture of the blasting disc 39 to be tested. A fillet is provided at the left edge of the second circular ring on the side close to the blasting disc 39 to be tested. Exemplarily, in the test device of the present invention, the axial through-hole diameter of the front clamping seat 40 is 23 mm, the diameter of the third step 50 is 55 mm, the outer diameter of the blasting disc 39 to be tested is 30 mm, and the relief aperture is 20 mm. Then, a special-shaped pressing ring 27 with an outer diameter of 55 mm, an inner diameter of the first circular ring of 30 mm, and an inner diameter of the second circular ring of 20 mm is selected. As Figure 8 shown, in the test process, only by changing the size of the special-shaped pressing ring 27 can the optional specification sizes of the blasting disc 39 to be tested be expanded.

[0083] As Figure 2 shown, the rear clamping seat 38 is an integral structure with an axial through-hole whose diameter is greater than or equal to the relief aperture of the blasting disc 39 to be tested, and is composed of three parts: a second left-stage frustum, a second middle-stage prism, and a second right-stage rib groove; a radial through-channel monitoring channel four 37 connected to the hydrogen sensor two 19 is opened in the second middle-stage prism. As Figure 6 shown, an external thread is provided on the outer side wall surface of the second left-stage frustum, and is installed in cooperation with the internal thread of the front clamping seat 40; a circumferential groove is opened on the right side of the thread, and an O-ring rubber seal two 28 is embedded in the groove, forming a sealing structure with the ordinary wall surface on the right side of the internal thread of the front clamping seat 40; the left end surface of the second left-stage frustum presses the right end surface of the special-shaped pressing ring 27. As Figure 9 shown, circumferentially distributed screw holes are opened on the right end surface of the second right-stage rib groove.

[0084] As Figure 2 shown, a dark box 2 is arranged downstream of the test cavity 23 where hydrogen is released through the blasting disc, which can protect the safety of the test personnel and equipment, and at the same time reduce the interference of ambient light on the observation, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of shooting. The dark box 2 includes main structures and equipment such as a box body air inlet channel 36, a box body 29, a box door 33, an imaging device protection bin 35, a light source 4, a one-way glass 30, a positioning grid 34, and a high-speed camera 3. As Figure 9 shown, the box body air inlet channel 36 is located on the left side of the box body 29, and is a frustum with an axial through-hole whose diameter is greater than or equal to the relief aperture of the blasting disc 39 to be tested. The diameter of the outer side wall surface of the frustum is equal to the diameter of the inner side wall surface of the second right-stage rib groove for installation; a circumferential groove is opened on the box body 29 outside the frustum, and an O-ring rubber seal three 52 is embedded in the groove, forming a sealing structure with the right end surface of the rear clamping seat 38; circumferentially distributed through-holes are opened on the box body 29 outside the groove for installing screws, and are connected to the screw holes of the rear clamping seat 38. As Figure 2As shown, on the right side of the box body 29 is an outward-opening box door 33, and a door handle 32 is arranged on the outer side of the box door 33. Exemplarily, an exhaust window 31 is opened at the upper position of the box door 33, which can help discharge the hydrogen in the dark box 2 to a designated area and relieve the small increase in the box pressure caused by the hydrogen release. As Figure 10 shown, the bottom plate of the box body 29, the support column 57, the high-pressure explosion-proof glass 55, and the hatch cover 53 together form an imaging device protection chamber 35, which can prevent the high-pressure hydrogen jet dominated by momentum or buoyancy from impacting the expensive high-speed camera 3 from the direction of the camera lens. A wiring through hole 58 for the high-speed camera 3 and its peripheral counterbore are opened on the bottom plate of the box body 29. The wiring through hole 58 can communicate with the outside atmosphere to prevent damage to the equipment caused by the local pressure formed after the accidentally entering high-pressure hydrogen in the imaging device protection chamber 35; the support column 57 is placed in the counterbore. As Figure 11 , Figure 15 shown, a circumferential groove is opened on the lower end surface of the support column 57, and an O-ring rubber seal 56 is embedded in the groove to form a sealing structure with the bottom plate of the box body 29; a through hole is axially opened in the support column 57, and a circular fourth step 59, a fifth step 61, and a sixth step 60 are successively opened on the inner side wall surface of the through hole from top to bottom; a fillet is provided at the upper edge of the fourth step 59 and the sixth step 60 to prevent the glass from being squeezed by sharp objects; the side wall surface of the fifth step 61 is a conical surface. As Figure 12 shown, the high-pressure explosion-proof glass 55 is placed on the conical surface of the fifth step 61, and a positioning grid 34 made of metal wires is placed on the sixth step 60, which can block larger glass fragments in the case of accidental breakage of the high-pressure explosion-proof glass 55, further protecting the high-speed camera 3, and providing a grid reference for drawing the image of the bursting form of the bursting disc. Exemplarily, in order to divide the image of the bursting disc with a discharge diameter of 20 mm, the grid density of the positioning grid 34 is 5 to 12 meshes. The high-speed camera 3 is placed in the through hole below the sixth step 60.

[0085] Exemplarily, according to the theoretical calculation formula proposed by Spence and Woods, the theoretical rupture time of a flat bursting disc with a bursting disc pressure of 60 MPa, made of 316L stainless steel (density of 7980 kg / m3), a thickness of 1.5 mm, a diameter of 20 mm, and a cross groove is:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula: t is the theoretical rupture time of the bursting disc, s; k is a coefficient, taking 0.92; ρ is the density of the bursting disc material, kg / m 3; b is the thickness of the rupture disk, in m; D is the diameter of the rupture disk, in m; P is the designed bursting pressure of the rupture disk, in Pa. If ten images with uniform time intervals during the rupture process of the rupture disk are to be recorded, the shooting rate of the high-speed camera 3 should be at least 180,000 (>10 / 0.0000581) fps. As Figure 13 , Figure 14 shown, the high-pressure explosion-proof glass 55 is composed of a first frustum and a second frustum. A fillet is provided at the upper edge of the side of the first frustum, and an O-ring rubber seal five 54 is placed between it and the fourth step 59 of the support column 57. The side wall surface inclination of the first frustum is greater than that of the second frustum; the side wall surface of the second frustum is a frosted glass cone surface 62, and its inclination is the same as the cone surface of the side wall of the fifth step 61 of the support column 57, and the former's axial length is greater than the latter's. Thus, a design is formed where the greater the external pressure load, the tighter the seal between the high-pressure explosion-proof glass 55 and the support column 57, which can effectively prevent hydrogen from entering the protection chamber 35 of the imaging device. As Figure 10 and Figure 15 shown, the cover 53 is a sleeve structure composed of an inwardly retracted upper section, a cylindrical middle section, and a flange lower section. The lower end surface of its inwardly retracted upper section presses on the upper end surface of the high-pressure explosion-proof glass 55; the cylindrical middle section is sleeved on the outer side wall surface of the support column 57; the flange lower section is connected to the bottom plate of the box body 29 by circumferentially evenly distributed screws.

[0088] As Figure 2 shown, the one-way glass 30 is arranged in the direction of the test cavity 23 and the high-speed camera 3 with its reflective surface at an angle of 45° to the central axis of the test cavity 23. The center point of the reflective surface is located at the intersection of the central axis of the test cavity 23 and the central axis of the lens of the high-speed camera 3. The light source 4 is located at a position slightly above the right side of the one-way glass 30, and the distance deviating from the central axis of the test cavity 23 can be calculated according to the refractive index of the one-way glass 30. The light rays emitted by the light source 4 pass through the one-way glass 30 and are refracted into the test cavity 23, and a part of them is blocked by the to-be-tested rupture disk 39 that is not fully unfolded, and then reflected back by the reflector 44 in the end seat 42. The part of the light rays that can pass through, after reaching the reflective surface of the one-way glass 30, is mostly reflected to propagate vertically downward in the direction perpendicular to the original light rays, and after passing through the high-pressure explosion-proof glass 55, it is image-positioned by the positioning grid 34, and finally received by the high-speed camera 3, thus forming a complete optical path for observing the rupture morphology of the rupture disk. The light source 4 is a high-density arranged LED, which can emit uniform light axially towards the test cavity 23; the one-way glass 30 is a high-grade coated beam splitter, which can maximize the transmission of the light emitted by the light source 4 on the right side and the re-reflection of the light reflected back from the test cavity 23 on the left side to the high-speed camera 3; the effective diameter of the light source 4 and The effective diameters of the multiple one-way glasses 30 are all larger than the axial through-hole diameter of the rear clamping seat 38. The extended test optical path design with grid positioning of the present invention can be used to record the rupture process of non-reflective objects in real time. For the purpose of the present invention, the opening pattern of the test rupture disk 39 can be various. Exemplarily, it can be a cross shape, a C shape, or a randomly irregular rupture shape.

[0089] Using the test device of the present invention, it is possible to realize the burst pressure test, fatigue performance test, sealing performance test and real-time observation of the rupture morphology of the test rupture disk 39 under different clamping forces in a high-pressure hydrogen environment. The specific steps are exemplified as follows:

[0090] (1) Turn on the safety protection device at the test site, and assemble each device and system according to the structure and connection relationship of the device;

[0091] (2) Separate the front clamping seat 40 and the rear clamping seat 38, wipe the sealing surface of the front clamping seat 40 clean, and sequentially install an annular metal gasket 25, the test rupture disk 39 and a special-shaped pressing ring 27 matching the size of the test rupture disk 39 in the third step 50 of the front clamping seat 40; evenly apply lubricating paste at 1 / 3 of the external thread of the rear clamping seat 38, and tighten the front clamping seat 40 and the rear clamping seat 38 with a torque wrench according to the set installation torque. The set installation torque between the front clamping seat 40 and the rear clamping seat 38 is obtained by converting the installation torque of the actual rupture disk product. In the process, it is considered that the clamping forces on the rupture disk are equal in two cases, and their thread connection parameters are different. Exemplarily, the connection method of the actual product of the test rupture disk 39 to the holder is an M48 thread, and the specified installation torque by the manufacturer is 500 N·m; the connection method of the front and rear clamping seats 38 of the test device of the present invention is an M52 thread. The actual product and the test device use the same annular copper gasket, and the friction surfaces are all generally machined surfaces with lubrication. According to the relationship between the clamping force and the installation torque in the pre-tightening state given in the second volume of the sixth edition of the "Mechanical Design Manual":

[0092] T = KF'd

[0093] Where: T is the installation torque, N·m; K is the tightening torque coefficient, for generally machined surfaces with lubrication, take 0.15; F' is the clamping force in the pre-tightening state, N; d is the nominal diameter of the thread, m. It can be calculated that the set installation torque of the test device is 542 N·m. By changing the set installation torque of the test device, the performance of the test rupture disk 39 under different clamping forces can be tested.

[0094] (3) Open the argon gas cylinder 11 to purge the test cavity 23 and the connected pipelines to prevent the residual air in the cavity from mixing with high-pressure hydrogen; observe the reading of the first pressure sensor 21. Exemplarily, when the pressure in the test cavity 23 reaches about 2 MPa, close the argon gas cylinder 11; then open the relief valve 5 until the first pressure sensor 21 shows 1 MPa, and then close the relief valve 5; open the argon gas cylinder 11 again and perform the second argon purge according to the above steps. After the purge is completed, completely evacuate the gas in the cavity;

[0095] (4) Turn on the vacuum pump 8 to evacuate the test cavity 23 and the connected pipelines; Exemplarily, stop evacuating when the reading of the vacuum gauge 7 is about 40 Pa, and turn off the vacuum pump 8;

[0096] (5) Open the hydrogen gas cylinder 12 to purge the test cavity 23 and the connected pipelines to improve the gas purity; observe the reading of the first pressure sensor 21. Exemplarily, when the pressure in the test cavity 23 reaches about 2 MPa, close the hydrogen gas cylinder 12, open the relief valve 5 until the first pressure sensor 21 shows 1 MPa, and then close the relief valve 5; open the hydrogen gas cylinder 12 again and perform the second hydrogen purge according to the above steps. After the purge is completed, completely evacuate the gas in the cavity;

[0097] (6) Use the bursting disc performance testing device to test or observe the bursting discs to be tested under different clamping forces; specifically including:

[0098] (6.1) When performing the bursting pressure test: High-pressure hydrogen is output from the hydrogen gas cylinder 12, pressurized by the compressor 16 and then input into the test cavity 23. The pneumatic pressure reducing valve 18 can precisely control the pressurization rate of hydrogen in the test cavity 23. During the process, the first pressure sensor 21 will feedback the hydrogen pressure in the test cavity 23 to the host computer 14 in real time, and the control parameters of the pneumatic pressure reducing valve 18 can be synchronously adjusted through the host computer 14; when the reading of the first pressure sensor 21 shows a sudden drop beyond the accuracy range of the instrument and equipment, the host computer 14 will give a warning for the bursting action of the bursting disc and record the bursting pressure value read by the first pressure sensor 21 at this time;

[0099] (6.2) When conducting fatigue performance tests: the test chamber 23 can be pressurized and depressurized for a set number of pressure cycles at the set upper and lower limits of the pressure cycle and the frequency, and then the bursting pressure test of the bursting disc after fatigue can be carried out according to the operation described in step (6.1); alternatively, the fatigue life test of the bursting disc can be carried out, and the test chamber 23 can be cyclically pressurized and depressurized at the set upper and lower limits of the pressure cycle and the frequency until the difference between the peak value of the pressure cycle monitored by the pressure sensor 1-21 and the set upper limit of the pressure cycle exceeds the accuracy range of the instrument and equipment. At this time, the upper computer 14 gives an early warning of the bursting action of the bursting disc and records the fatigue cycle times at this time and the bursting pressure value read by the pressure sensor 1-21;

[0100] (6.3) When conducting sealing performance tests: the hydrogen sensor 1 connected to the monitoring channel 3, the hydrogen sensor 2 19 connected to the monitoring channel 4 and the upper computer 14 are used to monitor and record the change in the hydrogen concentration in the sealing leakage channel during the processes of pressure holding, pressurization and pressure cycling of the bursting disc; when the pressure sensor 1-21 monitors the bursting of the bursting disc, the valve on the hydrogen sensor line can be automatically cut off by the upper computer 14 to prevent a large amount of hydrogen from continuously discharging through the bursting disc and impacting the hydrogen sensor to reduce its sensitivity;

[0101] (6.4) When conducting real-time observation of the rupture morphology: the light emitted from the light source 4 propagates leftward in a direction parallel to the central axis of the test chamber 23, passes through the one-way glass 30 and is refracted into the test chamber 23, is blocked by the incompletely unfolded bursting disc 39, and then is reflected back to the right by the reflector 44 in the end seat 42; the part of the light that can pass reaches the reflecting surface of the one-way glass 30 and is mostly reflected to propagate downward perpendicular to the original light direction, passes through the high-pressure explosion-proof glass 55 and the positioning grid 34 and is finally received by the high-speed camera 3, thereby recording in real time the rupture morphology, rupture rate and whether there are fragments during the bursting process of the bursting disc;

[0102] (7) After the test is completed, the hydrogen cylinder 12, the compressor 16 and the pneumatic pressure reducing valve 18 are closed; the discharge valve 5 is opened, and the high-pressure hydrogen in the test chamber 23 and the connected pipelines is discharged to a safe area through the flame arrester 6; for example, until the pressure sensor 1-21 shows 0 MPa, the discharge valve 5 is closed; or, before opening the discharge valve 5, the high-pressure hydrogen discharged from the test chamber 23 is first recovered into the recovery tank 9 for reuse;

[0103] (8) The vacuum pump 8 is started to evacuate the test chamber 23 and the connected pipelines; for example, when the reading of the vacuum gauge 7 is about 200 Pa, the evacuation is stopped and the vacuum pump 8 is closed;

[0104] (9) Close the test system, disassemble the test cavity 23, remove the bursting disc after the test, and clean up any possible debris.

[0105] After being pressurized by the compressor 16, hydrogen can be directly input into the test cavity 23, or it can be first stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 and then input into the test cavity 23. The temperature control subsystem can be used to control the temperature of the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15. The temperature sensor II 17 will feedback the hydrogen temperature in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 to the host computer 14 in real time, and the temperature control parameters of the temperature control subsystem can be synchronously adjusted through the host computer 14. The temperature control subsystem can also cooperate with the argon gas cylinder 11 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 15 to prepare a large amount of low-temperature argon gas for low-temperature argon gas purging after the test to quickly cool the test device.

Claims

1. An experimental device for testing the performance of rupture discs under high-pressure hydrogen environment, characterized in that, Comprising: A test cavity, which is composed of an end seat, a front clamping seat and a rear clamping seat connected in sequence by threads; the front clamping seat and the rear clamping seat have through axial through holes, and a clamping position for the bursting disc to be tested is arranged between the two; the end seat is closed at one end, and an air inlet channel and an exhaust channel connected to the axial through hole are arranged on the front clamping seat; A dark box, which has a hollow box-shaped structure, and a box body air inlet channel is arranged on the side wall; the rear clamping seat is fixedly installed on the outside of the box body, and its axial through hole is butted with the box body air inlet channel; An imaging device protection chamber, which includes a hollow tubular support column and a cover with a shape like the Chinese character "ji" in cross section. Three-level annular steps are arranged at the top end of the support column. An O-ring rubber seal, a high-pressure explosion-proof glass and a positioning grid are placed on each step from top to bottom; the cover is nested and installed outside the support column, its top surface with a central opening presses the high-pressure explosion-proof glass tightly, and the bottom is fixed on the bottom plate of the dark box body through a flange, so that the support column is vertically fixed between the top surface of the cover and the bottom plate of the box body; a high-speed camera is placed inside the support column, and the lens faces the opening on the top surface of the cover; An optical path system, which includes a light source and a one-way glass arranged in the dark box, and a reflector arranged on the inner side of the closed end of the end seat; the light source, the one-way glass, the box body air inlet channel, the axial through holes of the front clamping seat and the rear clamping seat, and the reflector are arranged coaxially in sequence; the one-way glass is located at the intersection of the central axis of the test cavity and the central axis of the high-speed camera lens, and its reflecting surface is arranged at an angle of 45° with the central axis of the test cavity towards the test cavity and the high-speed camera; the light source is arranged at a position above and to the right of the one-way glass, and the distance from the central axis of the test cavity is determined by the refraction angle of the light passing through the one-way glass; the reflector is circular, installed in the end face step of the end seat, and is limitedly installed by being pressed by the front clamping seat and the reflector pressing ring; the inner diameter of the reflector pressing ring is larger than the discharge diameter of the bursting disc to be tested; An air path system, which includes a compressor, a pneumatic control pressure reducing valve, pipelines, and a plurality of electric control valves arranged on the pipelines; the air inlet channel of the test cavity is connected to the pneumatic control pressure reducing valve, the compressor and the gas supply subsystem in sequence through pipelines; the exhaust channel of the test cavity is connected to the discharge subsystem, the vacuum pumping subsystem and the recovery subsystem through pipelines; the outlet of the compressor is also connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage subsystem through a pipeline; A control system, which includes a host computer, a temperature control subsystem, and hydrogen sensors, pressure sensors and temperature sensors arranged in the test cavity and the air path system; the temperature control subsystem is used to adjust and control the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen storage subsystem; the host computer is connected to the temperature control subsystem, the light source, the high-speed camera, each sensor and the valve through signal lines.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outsides of the end seat, the front clamping seat and the rear clamping seat are in the shape of a hexagonal prism; the diameters of the axial through holes of the front clamping seat and the rear clamping seat and the inner diameter of the box body air inlet channel of the dark box are all greater than or equal to the discharge diameter of the bursting disc to be tested.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure hydrogen storage subsystem includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage container. A plurality of openings are provided on the container wall for installing sensors for monitoring pressure and temperature respectively, and a relief valve is connected through a pipeline. The temperature control subsystem includes a jacket of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container and a cold source / heat source for providing a heat exchange medium. The two are connected through a pipeline to form a circulation loop, and an electric control valve is provided on the pipeline.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A door and an exhaust window are provided on the dark box body opposite to the air inlet channel of the box body, and a door handle is provided on the outer side of the door.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom plate of the box body is provided with a wiring through hole for a high-speed camera and a counterbore around it; the support column is provided with an axial through hole, and a fourth step, a fifth step and a sixth step are successively provided on the inner side wall surface of the through hole from top to bottom; the high-pressure explosion-proof glass is composed of a first frustum of a cone and a second frustum of a cone; the storage cover is composed of an inwardly retracted upper section, a cylindrical middle section and a flange lower section; fillets are provided at the upper edges of the fourth step, the sixth step and the first frustum of a cone; the side wall surface of the fifth step is a conical surface, and the side wall surface of the second frustum of a cone is a frosted glass conical surface. The two have the same inclination angle, and the axial length of the former is less than that of the latter; the inclination angle of the side wall surface of the first frustum of a cone is greater than that of the second frustum of a cone; the support column is arranged in the counterbore of the bottom plate of the box body; the high-pressure explosion-proof glass is placed on the conical surface of the fifth step of the support column; the lower end surface of the inwardly retracted upper section of the storage cover presses on the upper end surface of the high-pressure explosion-proof glass; the cylindrical middle section of the storage cover is sleeved on the outer side wall surface of the support column; the flange lower section of the storage cover is connected to the bottom plate of the box body by screws; a positioning grid is placed on the sixth step of the support column; a high-speed camera is placed in the through hole below the sixth step; a circumferential groove is provided on the lower end surface of the support column, and an O-ring four is embedded in the groove; an O-ring five is placed on the fourth step of the support column.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side wall surface of the end seat is provided with a first step and an end face step from right to left; the front clamping seat is composed of a first left section frustum, a first middle section prism and a first right section groove, and a second step and a third step are successively provided on the inner side wall surface of the first right section groove from right to left; the rear clamping seat is composed of a second left section frustum, a second middle section prism and a second right section groove, and circumferentially evenly distributed screw holes are provided on the right end face of the second right section groove, which are used to cooperate with the circumferentially evenly distributed through holes provided on the outer box body around the air inlet channel of the box body to install screws.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air inlet channel and the exhaust channel are arranged on the first middle section prism of the front clamping seat; monitoring channel one and monitoring channel two are also provided on the first middle section prism, and sensors for temperature monitoring and pressure monitoring are respectively embedded and installed; monitoring channel three is provided at the second step of the front clamping seat, and monitoring channel four is provided at the second middle section prism of the rear clamping seat, and sensors for hydrogen concentration monitoring are respectively embedded and installed.

8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Circumferential grooves are respectively provided on the left end face of the first middle section prism, the outer side wall surface of the second left section frustum and the outer wall surface of the box body between the air inlet channel of the box body and its circumferentially evenly distributed through holes, and O-rings are respectively embedded in the grooves for sealing.

9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping position of the bursting disc to be tested is arranged in the third step between the first right section edge groove of the front clamping seat and the second left section truncated cone of the rear clamping seat; in the clamping position of the bursting disc to be tested, an annular metal gasket, a bursting disc to be tested and a special-shaped pressure ring are placed in sequence, and the special-shaped pressure ring is pressed by the rear clamping seat, further pressing the bursting disc to be tested and the annular metal gasket and achieving sealing; the special-shaped pressure ring is an integrated structure with a first circular ring and a second circular ring; wherein the inner diameter of the first circular ring is the same as the outer diameter of the bursting disc to be tested, the inner diameter of the second circular ring is the same as the discharge diameter of the bursting disc to be tested, and a fillet is set at the left edge of the second circular ring close to the side of the bursting disc to be tested.

Images