Electrochemical deburring apparatus, system, and electrochemical deburring method
By using an electrochemical deburring device and system, and by employing a discharge station and an avoidance station design, the problem of difficult burr removal at the intersection of complex channels has been solved, achieving efficient and controllable burr removal and improving the performance and safety of engine housing workpieces.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SUZHOU ELECTROMACHINING MASCH TOOL RES INST CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are insufficient to effectively remove burrs at the intersections of complex holes in engine housing workpieces, leading to decreased product performance and damage to mechanical equipment.
Design an electrochemical deburring device and system, comprising a piezoelectric module, an electrode tooling module, and a main control module. By arranging discharge stations and avoidance stations, and utilizing the collaborative work of the transfer unit and the sensing unit, interference of the electrode rod is avoided, and the electrode rod is switched between different states to perform electrochemical deburring.
It achieves efficient electrochemical deburring of complex-diameter workpieces, avoids component interference during processing, ensures complete burr removal, improves product performance, and prevents damage to mechanical equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN117862612B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrochemical machining technology, and more specifically to an electrochemical deburring apparatus, system, and method for a shell workpiece containing multiple channels. Background Technology
[0002] Similar to engine housings, housing workpieces often generate numerous burrs during manufacturing processes such as die casting, cutting, and milling. These burrs not only affect the appearance of the parts but also impact product performance and can cause serious accidents such as damage to machinery. Therefore, these burrs need to be removed. In general processes, easily removable burrs can be removed directly by chamfering or manual deburring.
[0003] These types of housing workpieces typically contain multiple channels, and the axes of these channels intersect. Taking engine housings as an example, passenger car engine housings are generally made of aluminum alloy. This gives the housing high strength, high rigidity, good stability, strong oxidation resistance, and rust prevention, while also reducing weight. This ensures sufficient engine power and shock absorption. Figure 1 The engine casing shown is Figure 1 The marked h1 to h7 correspond to 7 channels, each of which intersects with other channels 1 to 3 times. The locations of the intersections between each channel and the other channels are shown in the figure. Figures 2 to 7 As shown in the figure, the intersection points are marked with circles.
[0004] The number of intersections between channels h1 to h7 and other channels is summarized in Table 1.
[0005] Serial Number Main channel name Number of intersections with other channels h1 No. 1 channel 2 h2 No. 2 channel 2 h3 No. 3 channel 2 h4 No. 4 channel 2 h5 No. 5 channel 3 h6 Channel 6 1 h7 Channel 7 2
[0006] The burrs at the intersections of the main channels and other channels need to be removed. For these difficult-to-remove and particularly important locations, such as the burrs at the intersections, manual methods are generally used, using a hand drill to drive a brush for removal. However, this method can only remove burrs extending into the channel or press the burrs into other intersecting channels, and cannot remove them completely from the root. This can affect the performance of the product and cause serious accidents such as damage to mechanical equipment.
[0007] Therefore, how to solve the problems existing in the deburring process of such shell workpieces has become the research content of this project. Summary of the Invention
[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electrochemical deburring apparatus, system, and method.
[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this invention adopts the following technical solution: providing an electrochemical deburring apparatus for electrochemical deburring of a shell workpiece, wherein the shell workpiece contains multiple channels, and the axes of at least two channels intersect. Its innovation lies in:
[0010] The electrochemical deburring device includes a piezoelectric module and an electrode tooling module;
[0011] The electrode tooling module includes a base plate and a power distribution assembly, a workpiece placement assembly, a water distribution assembly, and an electrode assembly mounted on the base plate.
[0012] Multiple electrode assemblies corresponding to each of the channels are arranged on the base plate. Each electrode assembly includes an electrode rod, a driving unit, and a sensing unit; at least one of the electrode assemblies is mounted on the transfer unit.
[0013] Each electrode rod is provided corresponding to each channel;
[0014] The driving unit's active end is connected to the electrode rod. The driving unit is used to drive the electrode rod to switch between an extended state and a retracted state. In the extended state, the electrode rod approaches and extends into the channel. In the retracted state, the electrode rod disengages from the channel and retracts.
[0015] The sensing unit is connected in cooperation with the driving unit and the transfer unit. The sensing unit is used to detect the positioning signal of each electrode rod, the movement signal of the transfer unit, and the trigger signal of the sequential movement of each electrode assembly.
[0016] The electrochemical deburring device is arranged such that: a discharge station and a clearance station are arranged on the base plate; an electrode assembly mounted on a transfer unit is provided with intersecting channels corresponding to the axes; the transfer unit transfers the electrode assembly in the retracted state between the discharge station and the clearance station, so that when the electrode rod of the electrode assembly interferes with the movement trajectory of the electrode rod of other electrode assemblies in the transition from the retracted state to the extended state, the electrode rod of the electrode assembly is transferred from the displacement path of the electrode rod of other electrode assemblies to the clearance station, thereby avoiding interference between the electrode rods; and when the electrode rods of other electrode assemblies have all entered the extended state, the electrode assembly in the retracted state is transferred from the clearance station to the discharge station, and the electrode rod of the electrode assembly is transitioned from the retracted state to the extended state.
[0017] To achieve the above objectives, the second aspect of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an electrochemical deburring system is proposed, the electrochemical deburring device described in the first aspect of the present invention, and a main control module;
[0018] The main control module is electrically connected to the piezoelectric module and the electrode tooling module. The main control module is used to send commands to each component in the piezoelectric module and the electrode tooling module. After receiving the positioning signals of each electrode rod, the movement signals of the transfer unit, and the trigger signals of the sequential movement of each electrode component, the main control module controls the transfer unit and the drive unit to cooperate in action. When there is interference between the electrode rod of the electrode component and the electrode rod of other electrode components in the movement trajectory from the retracted state to the extended state, the main control module moves the electrode rod of the electrode component from the displacement path of the electrode rod of other electrode components to the avoidance station to avoid interference between the electrode rods. When the electrode rods of other electrode components have all entered the extended state, the main control module moves the electrode component in the retracted state from the avoidance station to the discharge station and changes the electrode rod of the electrode component from the retracted state to the extended state.
[0019] To achieve the above objectives, the third aspect of this invention adopts the following technical solution: An electrochemical deburring method is proposed for electrochemical deburring of a shell workpiece, wherein the shell workpiece contains multiple channels, and the axes of at least two channels intersect. The electrochemical deburring method employs the electrochemical deburring system as described in claim 12, and the electrochemical deburring method includes the following steps:
[0020] S100. The shell workpiece is fixedly installed on the workpiece placement assembly on the base plate, and the shape of the upper surface of the workpiece placement seat corresponds to the corresponding placement process surface on the shell workpiece.
[0021] S200. Determine the discharge station and avoidance station on the base plate according to the angle and position of the hole on the shell workpiece, and place the electrode assembly installed on the transfer unit in the avoidance station, and place the other electrode assemblies in their respective discharge stations.
[0022] S300, the main control module sends a signal to cause the electrode components on other discharge stations to move, changing the electrode rod from a retracted state to an extended state, and the electrode rod approaches and extends into the channel;
[0023] After receiving the electrode rod's arrival signal, the S400 main control module sends a signal to the transfer unit, causing the transfer unit to drive the electrode assembly on it to be transferred from the clearance station to the discharge station, and the corresponding drive unit converts the electrode rod to the extended state.
[0024] S500 and the main control module send signals to the piezoelectric module and the electrode tooling module to perform electrochemical deburring.
[0025] S600 After processing is completed, the drive unit on the transfer unit converts the electrode rod to a retracted state. After retracting into place, the transfer unit transfers the electrode assembly on it from the discharge station to the avoidance station.
[0026] S700 and the drive units on the other discharge stations convert their respective electrode rods to a retracted state to complete this electrochemical deburring process.
[0027] The relevant content in the above technical solution is explained as follows:
[0028] 1. In the technical solution of this invention, through research on deburring of porous workpieces similar to engine housings, and combined with the principle of electrochemical reaction, an electrochemical deburring device, system, and method of this invention were designed. The electrochemical deburring device, for cases where the workpiece contains multiple channels and at least two channels have intersecting axes, is designed with multiple electrode assemblies corresponding to each channel. At least one electrode assembly is mounted on a transfer unit, and a discharge station and a clearance station are arranged on the base plate. The transfer unit transfers the electrode assembly in a retracted state between the discharge station and the clearance station. When the electrode rod of this electrode assembly interferes with the movement trajectory of the electrode rods of other electrode assemblies as they transition from a retracted state to an extended state, the electrode rod of this electrode assembly is moved from the displacement path of the electrode rods of other electrode assemblies to an avoidance station to avoid interference between the electrode rods. When the electrode rods of other electrode assemblies have all entered the extended state, the electrode assembly in the retracted state is moved from the avoidance station to the discharge station, and the electrode rod of this electrode assembly transitions from the retracted state to the extended state. This layout design is used to perform electrochemical deburring on shell workpieces with multiple complex channels, so that burrs on each channel and at each intersection can be quickly dissolved, and the edges are rounded. The design is reasonable and ingenious. The multiple electrode assemblies corresponding to the various channels, along with the designed discharge station and avoidance station, enable electrochemical deburring of shell workpieces with multiple complex channels. This avoids interference and conflict between components during processing, and the processing is controllable. It can remove burrs from the source, thereby further improving the performance of the shell after processing and preventing serious accidents such as damage to mechanical equipment caused by burrs.
[0029] 2. In the first aspect of the above solution, the piezoelectric module includes a piezoelectric electrode, a substrate, and a connecting post. The piezoelectric electrode is used to connect to the anode of a power source for discharge. A compression spring is provided on the piezoelectric electrode for pressing the piezoelectric electrode and the housing workpiece. The substrate is used to mount the piezoelectric electrode and the connecting post. The piezoelectric module is connected to a downward pressure cylinder. Thus, the piezoelectric module is used in conjunction with the electrode tooling module to assist in the electrochemical processing of the housing workpiece. The compression spring ensures that the piezoelectric electrode is pressed tightly onto the housing workpiece to ensure normal discharge.
[0030] 3. In the above-mentioned first aspect of the solution, the power distribution assembly includes a power distribution base, one side of which is connected to the cathode of the power supply, and the other side of which branches out multiple discharge lines in the same number as the number of electrode assemblies. Since the electrode assembly is a movable mechanism, thinner discharge lines are used to connect to the electrode assembly.
[0031] 4. In the first aspect of the above solution, the workpiece placement assembly includes a plurality of workpiece placement seats for positioning the housing workpiece, and at least two of the workpiece placement seats are provided with positioning pins for engaging with positioning holes on the housing workpiece, so that the housing function can be stably and reliably positioned and installed on the base plate.
[0032] 5. In the above-mentioned first aspect of the solution, the water distribution component includes a water distribution base, the water distribution base includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, the number of outlet pipes is the same as the number of electrode components, and the outlet pipe of the water distribution component is connected to the adjustable inlet connector of the electrode component, thereby realizing good and stable flow of working fluid and adjustable working fluid flow rate.
[0033] 6. In the above-mentioned first aspect of the solution, the sensing unit is an electronic sensor disposed at both ends of the driving unit and on the transfer unit, so as to detect whether each electrode rod is driven by the driving unit to move into place, and whether the transfer unit has transferred the electrode assembly on it into place. Furthermore, each sensing unit can also obtain the trigger signal of the sequential movement of each electrode assembly according to the order of the trigger points, so as to use as the basis for judging the working sequence of the transfer unit and the driving unit.
[0034] 7. In the first aspect of the above solution, the shape and length of the electrode rod are matched with its corresponding channel, and the electrode rod includes a rod body and an inlet, a water inlet, a mounting end face, a water outlet and an electrode discharge area arranged from back to front on the rod body.
[0035] 8. In the first aspect of the above solution, the electrode discharge area is the exposed part of the electrode rod located at the head of the rod body, and the electrode discharge area is used for electrical discharge machining; the water outlet is evenly arranged around the circumference of the rod body to provide working fluid during machining; an angle positioning pin for angle positioning is provided on the mounting end face; the water inlet is used to introduce the working fluid distributed by the water distribution component into the interior of the rod body; the power inlet is used to connect the discharge line of the power distribution component; a water passage connecting the water inlet and the water outlet is provided inside the rod body; the electrode rod with this structure can be used for electrochemical machining of complex shell workpieces with multiple channels and intersecting channels, improving the machining quality and efficiency of deburring.
[0036] 9. In the first aspect of the above solution, the electrode assembly further includes an electrode bracket, which is provided with a mounting surface and an angle positioning groove. The mounting surface is used to abut the mounting end face. The angle positioning groove is positioned and engaged with the angle positioning pin, thereby using the electrode bracket to properly position the electrode rod, ensuring that the extension direction of the electrode rod is accurately controllable, and ensuring that all components on the electrode rod can operate normally.
[0037] 10. In the first aspect of the solution described above, the electrode support of the electrode assembly is further provided with a front guide seat and a rear guide seat; the front guide seat is connected to the front end of the rod body, providing guidance, support, and protection for the electrode rod when it transitions between the extended and retracted states, and in the retracted state of the electrode rod, the front end of the rod body remains connected to the front guide seat; a guide rail and a drive unit are mounted on the rear guide seat; the front and rear guide seats are fixed to a mounting plate with adjustable height, angle, and position. This design provides good protection for the electrode rod during both idle and processing periods, and provides guidance, support, and protection for the electrode rod when it transitions between the extended and retracted states.
[0038] 11. In the above-mentioned first aspect of the solution, the number of electrode assemblies is seven, named electrode group one to electrode group seven in sequence. The seven electrode assemblies are divided into three groups, wherein electrode group one is the first group, electrode groups two, three, and four are the second group, and electrode groups five, six, and seven are the third group. In the first group, the movement path of the electrode rod of electrode group one interferes with the movement path of the electrode rods of electrode groups two, three, and four. Electrode group one is mounted on a transfer unit, which drives electrode group one to be transferred between the discharge station and the first avoidance station. In the second group, the electrode rods of electrode groups two, three, and four have the same angle. In the third group, the electrode rods of electrode groups five, six, and seven have the same angle, but their angles differ from those of the electrode rods of other electrode assemblies. This design is reasonable and ingenious for electrochemical machining of shell workpieces with seven and complex channels, avoiding interference and improving the machining quality and efficiency of deburring.
[0039] 12. In the third aspect of the above scheme, in the step of performing electrochemical deburring in step S500, the piezoelectric electrode in the piezoelectric module is connected to the power anode and the electrode rod in the electrode assembly is connected to the power cathode for discharge processing. The electrode rod is connected to the water distribution assembly to provide working fluid during processing, thereby ensuring the normal operation of electrochemical deburring.
[0040] 13. In the above technical solution, both the drive unit and the transfer unit adopt cylinders. The drive unit can adopt a stainless steel mini feed cylinder, and the transfer unit can adopt a stainless steel mini transfer cylinder. Both the stainless steel mini feed cylinder and the stainless steel mini transfer cylinder are equipped with adjustable air inlet connectors to adjust the displacement stroke of the object driven by the drive unit and the transfer unit.
[0041] 14. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
[0042] 15. In the above solutions, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly defined. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0043] 16. In the above-described scheme, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0044] Due to the application of the above-mentioned solution, the present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:
[0045] In the above-described solution of the present invention, through research on deburring of a multi-channel shell workpiece similar to an engine housing, and combined with the principle of electrochemical reaction, the electrochemical deburring device, system, and method of the present invention were designed. Specifically, for cases where the shell workpiece contains multiple channels and at least two channels have intersecting axes, a design is implemented that arranges multiple electrode assemblies corresponding to each of the channels. At least one electrode assembly is mounted on a transfer unit, and a discharge station and a clearance station are arranged on the base plate. The transfer unit transfers the electrode assembly between the discharge station and the clearance station when it is in a retracted state. This layout design is used to perform electrochemical deburring on shell workpieces with multiple complex channels, so that burrs on each channel and at each intersection can be quickly dissolved, and the edges are rounded. The design is reasonable and ingenious. The multiple electrode assemblies corresponding to the various channels, along with the designed discharge station and avoidance station, enable electrochemical deburring of shell workpieces with multiple complex channels. This avoids interference and conflict between components during processing, and the processing is controllable. It can remove burrs from the source, thereby further improving the performance of the shell after processing and preventing serious accidents such as damage to mechanical equipment caused by burrs. Attached Figure Description
[0046] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the channels for removing burrs from a shell workpiece;
[0047] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the intersection positions of channel 1 with the other holes;
[0048] Figure 3 Diagram showing the intersection positions of channel 2 and the other holes;
[0049] Figure 4 Diagram showing the intersection positions of channel 3 with the other holes;
[0050] Figure 5 Diagram showing the intersection positions of channel 4 and the other holes;
[0051] Figure 6 Diagram showing the intersection positions of hole 5 with the other holes;
[0052] Figure 7 Diagram showing the intersection positions of holes 6 and 7 with the remaining holes;
[0053] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the basic principle of electrochemical deburring;
[0054] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electrochemical deburring device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0055] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the piezoelectric module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0056] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode tooling module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0057] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of each electrode assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ;
[0058] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of each electrode assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ;
[0059] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode rod according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0060] Figure 15 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the electrode rod according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0061] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the electrode rod and the electrode support in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0062] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram (view 1) of the shell workpiece undergoing electrochemical processing in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0063] Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram (perspective two) of the shell workpiece undergoing electrochemical processing in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0064] Figure 19 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the shell workpiece during electrochemical processing in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0065] In the attached diagrams above:
[0066] 100. Electrode tooling module;
[0067] 1. Base plate;
[0068] 2. Electrode assembly;
[0069] 201. Electrode group one; 202. Electrode group two; 203. Electrode group three; 204. Electrode group four; 205. Electrode group five; 206. Electrode group six; 207. Electrode group seven;
[0070] 21. Electrode rod;
[0071] 211. Rod body; 212. Power inlet; 213. Water inlet; 214. Mounting end face; 2141. Angle positioning pin; 215. Water outlet; 216. Electrode discharge area;
[0072] 22. Drive unit;
[0073] 23. Sensing unit;
[0074] 24. Transfer unit;
[0075] 251. Adjustable water inlet connector;
[0076] 252. Adjustable air intake connector;
[0077] 26. Electrode bracket; 261. Mounting surface; 262. Angle positioning groove; 27. Front guide seat; 28. Rear guide seat; 29. Guide rail;
[0078] 3. Power distribution assembly; 31. Power distribution socket;
[0079] 4. Workpiece placement assembly; 41. Workpiece placement base; 42. Locating pin;
[0080] 5. Water distribution assembly; 51. Water distribution base; 52. Inlet pipe; 53. Outlet pipe;
[0081] 600, Piezoelectric module;
[0082] 61. Piezoelectric electrode; 62. Substrate; 63. Connecting post; 64. Compression spring;
[0083] 9. Shell components. Detailed Implementation
[0084] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0085] This invention aims to use electrochemical processes for deburring the shell workpiece 9. The basic principle of electrochemical deburring can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 8 The image shows an electrochemical reaction phenomenon where a metal undergoes anodic dissolution in an electrolytic working solution (e.g., Figure 8 As shown in the figure); with the workpiece as the anode and the tool electrode as the cathode, the electrolyte is passed through the very narrow gap between the burrs on the workpiece and the tool electrode, and an electrolytic voltage is applied at the same time. At this time, the current is most concentrated and the current density is the largest in the burrs and edges of the workpiece, so that the burrs are quickly dissolved and the edges are rounded.
[0086] To solve the above problems, the design concept of this invention is as follows:
[0087] First, an electrode rod 21 is designed to match the various holes on the housing workpiece 9;
[0088] Second, a drive unit 22 is designed to switch the electrode rod 21 between the extended and retracted states;
[0089] Third, design the discharge station and the avoidance station on the base plate 1;
[0090] Fourth, a transfer unit 24 was designed to transfer the interfering electrode assembly 2 between the discharge station and the avoidance station;
[0091] Fifth, a sensing unit 23 was designed to detect whether each electrode rod 21 is in position, the movement signal of whether the transfer unit 24 is moving, and the trigger signal of the sequential movement of each electrode assembly 2.
[0092] Therefore, under the control of the machine tool CNC system, the transfer unit 24 transfers the electrode assembly 2 in the retracted state between the discharge station and the avoidance station. This is so that when the electrode rod 21 of the electrode assembly 2 interferes with the movement trajectory of the electrode rod 21 of other electrode assemblies 2 as it transitions from the retracted state to the extended state, the electrode rod 21 of the electrode assembly 2 is transferred from the displacement path of the electrode rod 21 of other electrode assemblies 2 to the avoidance station, thereby avoiding interference between the electrode rods 21. When the electrode rods 21 of other electrode assemblies 2 have all entered the extended state, the electrode assembly 2 in the retracted state is transferred from the avoidance station to the discharge station, and the electrode rod 21 of the electrode assembly 2 transitions from the retracted state to the extended state.
[0093] The following detailed description will be provided with specific examples.
[0094] Example 1: See Appendix Figure 9 To be continued Figure 19 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention proposes an electrochemical deburring processing device for electrochemical deburring of a shell workpiece 9. The shell workpiece 9 contains a plurality of channels, wherein the axes of at least two channels intersect. The electrochemical deburring processing device includes a piezoelectric module 600 and an electrode tooling module 100.
[0095] In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the electrode tooling module 100 includes a base plate 1 and an electrode assembly 2, a power distribution assembly 3, a workpiece placement assembly 4, and a water distribution assembly 5 mounted on the base plate 1; a plurality of electrode assemblies 2 corresponding to each of the holes are arranged on the base plate 1, and each electrode assembly 2 includes an electrode rod 21, a driving unit 22, and a sensing unit 23; at least one of the electrode assemblies 2 is mounted on a transfer unit 24; each electrode rod 21 is arranged corresponding to each hole.
[0096] In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the working end of the driving unit 22 is connected to the electrode rod 21. The driving unit 22 is used to drive the electrode rod 21 to switch between an extended state and a retracted state. In the extended state, the electrode rod 21 approaches and extends into the channel. In the retracted state, the electrode rod 21 disengages from the channel and retracts. The sensing unit 23 is connected in cooperation with the driving unit 22 and the transfer unit 24. The sensing unit 23 is used to detect the positioning signal of each electrode rod 21, the movement signal of the transfer unit 24, and the trigger signal of the sequential movement of each electrode assembly 2.
[0097] In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the electrochemical deburring device is arranged such that: a discharge station and a clearance station are arranged on the base plate 1; the electrode assembly 2 installed on the transfer unit 24 is provided with intersecting channels corresponding to the axes; the transfer unit 24 transfers the electrode assembly 2 between the discharge station and the clearance station when it is in a retracted state, so that when the electrode rod 21 of the electrode assembly 2 interferes with the movement trajectory of the electrode rod 21 of other electrode assemblies 2 as it transitions from a retracted state to an extended state, the electrode rod 21 of the electrode assembly 2 is transferred from the displacement path of the electrode rod 21 of other electrode assemblies 2 to the clearance station, thereby avoiding interference between the electrode rods 21; and when the electrode rods 21 of other electrode assemblies 2 have all entered the extended state, the electrode assembly 2 in the retracted state is transferred from the clearance station to the discharge station, and the electrode rod 21 of the electrode assembly 2 transitions from a retracted state to an extended state.
[0098] In one embodiment of the present invention, the piezoelectric module 600 includes a piezoelectric electrode 61, a substrate 62, and a connecting post 63. The piezoelectric electrode 61 is used to connect to the anode of a power source for discharge. A compression spring 64 is provided on the piezoelectric electrode 61 to press the piezoelectric electrode 61 and the housing workpiece 9 together. The substrate 62 is used to mount the piezoelectric electrode 61 and the connecting post 63. The piezoelectric module 600 is connected to a downward pressure cylinder. Thus, the piezoelectric module 600 is used in conjunction with the electrode tooling module 100 to assist in the electrochemical processing of the housing workpiece 9. The compression spring 64 ensures that the piezoelectric electrode 61 is pressed onto the housing workpiece 9 to ensure normal discharge.
[0099] In another embodiment of the present invention, the power distribution component 3 includes a power distribution base 31. One side of the power distribution base 31 is connected to the cathode of the power supply, and the other side of the power distribution base 31 branches out a plurality of discharge lines with the same number as the number of the electrode components 2. Since the electrode components 2 are movable mechanisms, thinner discharge lines are used to connect to the electrode components.
[0100] In another embodiment of the present invention, the workpiece placement assembly 4 includes a plurality of workpiece placement seats 41 for positioning the housing workpiece 9, and at least two of the workpiece placement seats 41 are provided with positioning pins 42 for engaging with positioning holes on the housing workpiece 9, so that the housing function can be stably and reliably positioned and installed on the base plate 1.
[0101] In one embodiment of the present invention, the water distribution component 5 includes a water distribution base 51, the water distribution base 51 includes an inlet pipe 52 and an outlet pipe 53, the number of outlet pipes 53 is the same as the number of electrode components 2, and the outlet pipes 53 of the water distribution component 5 are connected to the adjustable inlet connector 251 of the electrode component 2, thereby realizing good and stable flow of working fluid and adjustable working fluid flow rate.
[0102] In another embodiment of the present invention, the sensing unit 23 is an electronic sensor disposed at both ends of the driving unit 22 and on the transfer unit 24, so as to detect whether each electrode rod 21 is driven by the driving unit 22 to move into place, and whether the transfer unit 24 has transferred the electrode assembly 2 on it into place. Furthermore, each sensing unit 23 can also obtain the trigger signal of the sequential movement of each electrode assembly 2 according to the order of the trigger points, so as to use as the basis for judging the working sequence of the transfer unit 24 and the driving unit 22.
[0103] In another embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 14 , Figure 15 As shown, the shape and length of the electrode rod 21 match its corresponding channel. The electrode rod 21 includes a rod body 211 and an inlet 212, a water inlet 213, a mounting end face 214, a water outlet 215, and an electrode discharge area 216 arranged from back to front on the rod body 211.
[0104] Specifically, the electrode discharge area 216 is the exposed portion of the electrode rod 21 located at the head of the rod body 211, and the electrode discharge area 216 is used for electrical discharge machining; the water outlet 215 is evenly arranged around the circumference of the rod body 211 and is used to provide working fluid during machining; an angle positioning pin 2141 for angle positioning is provided on the mounting end face 214; the water inlet 213 is used to introduce the working fluid distributed by the water distribution component 5 into the interior of the rod body 211; the power inlet 212 is used to connect the discharge line of the power distribution component 3; a water passage connecting the water inlet 213 and the water outlet 215 is provided inside the rod body 211; the electrode rod 21 with this structure can be used for electrochemical machining of complex shell workpieces 9 with multiple channels and intersecting channels, improving the machining quality and efficiency of deburring.
[0105] In one embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention, the electrode assembly 2 further includes an electrode support 26, such as... Figure 16 As shown, the electrode bracket 26 is provided with a mounting surface 261 and an angle positioning groove 262. The mounting surface 261 is used to abut against the mounting end face 214. The angle positioning groove 262 is positioned and engaged with the angle positioning pin 2141, so that the electrode bracket 26 can properly position the electrode rod 21, ensuring that the extension direction of the electrode rod 21 is accurately controllable and that all components on the electrode rod 21 can operate normally.
[0106] Specifically, the electrode support 26 of the electrode assembly 2 is further provided with a front guide seat 27 and a rear guide seat 28. The front guide seat 27 is connected to the front end of the rod 211, providing guidance, support, and protection for the electrode rod 21 when it transitions between the extended and retracted states. Even when the electrode rod 21 is retracted, the front end of the rod 211 remains connected to the front guide seat 27. The rear guide seat 28 is equipped with a guide rail 29 and a drive unit 22. The front guide seat 27 and the rear guide seat 28 are fixed to a mounting plate with adjustable height, angle, and position. This design provides good protection for the electrode rod 21 during both idle and processing periods, and provides guidance, support, and protection for the electrode rod 21 when it transitions between the extended and retracted states.
[0107] Example 2: This invention proposes an electrochemical deburring system, which includes a piezoelectric module 600, an electrode tooling module 100, and a main control module. The main control module is electrically connected to the piezoelectric module 600 and the electrode tooling module 100. The main control module sends commands to each component in the piezoelectric module 600 and the electrode tooling module 100, and, upon receiving positioning signals indicating whether each electrode rod 21 is in position, movement signals indicating whether the transfer unit 24 has moved, and trigger signals indicating the sequential movement of each electrode component 2, controls the transfer unit 24 and the drive unit... 22. In coordination with the action, when the electrode rod 21 of the electrode assembly 2 interferes with the movement trajectory of the electrode rod 21 of other electrode assemblies 2 as it transitions from the retracted state to the extended state, the electrode rod 21 of the electrode assembly 2 is moved from the displacement path of the electrode rod 21 of other electrode assemblies 2 to the avoidance station, thereby avoiding interference between the electrode rods 21; and when the electrode rods 21 of other electrode assemblies 2 have all entered the extended state, the electrode assembly 2 in the retracted state is moved from the avoidance station to the discharge station, and the electrode rod 21 of the electrode assembly 2 is changed from the retracted state to the extended state.
[0108] Example 3: This invention proposes an electrochemical deburring method, which includes the following steps:
[0109] S100. The shell workpiece 9 is fixedly installed on the workpiece placement assembly 4 of the base plate 1, and the shape of the upper surface of the workpiece placement seat 41 corresponds to the corresponding placement process surface on the shell workpiece 9.
[0110] S200. Determine the discharge station and the avoidance station on the base plate 1 according to the angle and position of the hole on the shell workpiece 9, and place the electrode assembly 2 installed on the transfer unit 24 in the avoidance station, and place the other electrode assemblies 2 in their respective discharge stations.
[0111] S300, the main control module sends a signal to make the electrode assembly 2 on other discharge stations move, changing the electrode rod 21 from the retracted state to the extended state, and the electrode rod 21 approaches and extends into the channel;
[0112] S400 After receiving the arrival signal of electrode rod 21, the main control module sends a signal to the transfer unit 24, causing the transfer unit 24 to drive the electrode assembly 2 on it to be transferred from the avoidance station to the discharge station, and the corresponding drive unit 22 converts the electrode rod 21 to the extended state.
[0113] S500 and the main control module send signals to the piezoelectric module 600 and the electrode tooling module 100 to perform electrochemical deburring.
[0114] S600. After processing is completed, the drive unit 22 on the transfer unit 24 converts the electrode rod 21 to a retracted state. After retracting into place, the transfer unit 24 transfers the electrode assembly 2 on it from the discharge station to the avoidance station.
[0115] S700 and the drive units 22 on the other discharge stations convert their respective electrode rods 21 into a retracted state to complete the electrochemical deburring process.
[0116] In the third embodiment of the present invention, in the electrochemical deburring process step S500, the piezoelectric electrode 61 in the piezoelectric module 600 is connected to the power anode and the electrode rod 21 in the electrode assembly 2 is connected to the power cathode for discharge processing. The electrode rod 21 is connected to the water separation assembly 5 to provide working fluid during processing, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the electrochemical deburring process.
[0117] The processing procedure can be referenced. Figures 17 to 19 As shown.
[0118] The following is a detailed description of one specific embodiment of the present invention.
[0119] In this detailed implementation scheme, the housing workpiece 9 to be processed can be referred to Figures 1 to 7It has seven channels from h1 to h7, so the corresponding number of electrode components 2 is seven, which are named electrode group one 201 to electrode group seven 207 in sequence. The seven electrode components 2 are divided into three groups, of which electrode group one 201 is the first group, electrode group two 202, electrode group three 203 and electrode group four 204 are the second group, and electrode group five 205, electrode group six 206 and electrode group seven 207 are the third group.
[0120] In the first group, the movement path of the electrode rod 21 of the first electrode group 201 interferes with the movement path of the electrode rod 21 of the second electrode group 202, the third electrode group 203, and the fourth electrode group 204. The first electrode group 201 is mounted on the transfer unit, and the transfer unit drives the first electrode group 201 to be transferred between the discharge station and the first avoidance station.
[0121] In the second group, the electrode rods 21 of electrode group two 202, electrode group three 203, and electrode group four 204 have the same angle.
[0122] In the third group, the angle of the electrode rod 21 of the electrode group 5 205 is different from the angle of the electrode rod 21 of the other electrode assembly 2.
[0123] In this detailed implementation scheme, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the piezoelectric module 600 has a piezoelectric electrode 61 for connecting to the anode of the power supply for discharge, and a stainless steel compression spring 64 is configured on the rod of the piezoelectric electrode 61 for pressing the piezoelectric electrode 61 and the housing workpiece 9; the base plate 62 is used to mount the piezoelectric electrode 61 and the connecting post 63; the connecting post 63 is used to connect the lowering cylinder of the piezoelectric electrode 61.
[0124] Electrode tooling module 100 Figure 9 , Figure 11As shown, one end of the power distributor 31 is used to connect to the cathode (wrapped wire) of the power supply. Seven discharge wires branch off from the power supply and are sequentially connected to the top of the power distributor 31. The power distributor 31 is made of insulating material, and seven square copper blocks are independently placed inside. Threaded holes are drilled on the top and right side of the copper blocks, so that the upper part is used to fix the corresponding seven discharge wires. The other end of the power distributor 31 is used to connect a thinner discharge wire (fixed to the other side of the copper block). The discharge wire on this side needs to be connected to the electrode assembly 2. Since the electrode assembly 2 is a set of back-and-forth moving mechanisms, if the discharge wire is too thick, it will affect its movement. The workpiece placement seat 41 is fixed on the base plate 1, with a total of three sets. Two of the sets are equipped with positioning pins that cooperate with the workpiece positioning holes. When the workpiece is placed, it rests on the upper surface of the placement seat. The shape of the upper surface corresponds to the corresponding placement process surface on the workpiece. The water distribution seat 51 is fixed on the base plate 1, with water entering from both ends (water inlet pipe 52). Small water pipe joints (water outlet pipe 53) are provided on the top and side for water outlet. There are seven small connectors, each corresponding to seven electrodes (or seven channels). The water output can be controlled by the adjustable inlet connector 251 on the electrode assembly 2.
[0125] The tooling electrodes are divided into three groups, which serve as the movement for electrode group 1 (201), electrode groups 2 (202-204), and electrode groups 5 (205-207), respectively. This allocation is determined by the corresponding holes inside the workpiece. After configuring the housing workpiece 9 on the electrode tooling drawing, it can be seen that the angles of the electrode rods 21 on electrode groups 2 (202), 3 (203), and 4 (204) are consistent, while the corresponding angles of the electrode rods 21 on the surrounding electrode groups 1 (201), 5 (205), 6 (206), and 7 (207) are different. (See...) Figure 19 .
[0126] Depend on Figures 2 to 7 The schematic diagrams of the internal workings of each channel show that there is motion interference between channel group h1 (corresponding to the first group) and the surrounding channel groups h2-h4 (corresponding to the second group). That is, if the first and second groups move simultaneously when the electrode rod 21 retracts, there is a possibility of collision. The same phenomenon exists when it enters the housing workpiece 9. Therefore, it is necessary to decompose the actions, that is, to sequence the actions. Furthermore, when all the electrode rods 21 retract, due to the different angles, there is interference in the movement trajectories of the electrode rods 21 of the two groups of electrode assemblies 2. Therefore, it is chosen to perform overall displacement of the first group. The three-dimensional layout diagram of the entire electrode tooling module 100 is shown below. Figure 11 As shown.
[0127] Each electrode group is driven by a stainless steel miniature cylinder (drive unit 22). The air inlet connectors at both ends of the cylinder are adjustable, allowing for adjustment of the air intake to control the movement speed of the electrode group. Simultaneously, high-protection electronic sensors are installed at both ends of the cylinder to detect whether the electrode group has moved into position. These sensors also serve as trigger signals for the sequential movement of the electrode groups; that is, after the programmed electrode group reaches its designated position and receives the position signal, a command is sent to drive the movement of the next electrode group.
[0128] The shape of the electrode rod 21 is determined by the shape of the channel. Generally, the diameter of the channel determines the diameter of the electrode rod 21; the length of the channel determines the length of the electrode rod 21; the location within the channel where burrs need to be removed determines the discharge area of the electrode rod 21 and the location of the outlet 215; the distribution of the channels determines the layout of the electrode rods 21. The electrode rod 21 is as follows... Figure 14 , Figure 15 As shown. The electrode discharge area 216 is the exposed part of the electrode rod 21, used for electrical discharge machining. Water outlets 215 are evenly distributed around the remaining circumference at each discharge point to provide working fluid during machining. The mounting end face 214 of the electrode rod 21 is used to abut against the mounting surface 261 of the electrode bracket 26 during installation. The angle positioning pin 2141 engages with the corresponding angle positioning groove 262 on the electrode bracket 26 for angle positioning. The water inlet hole allows the working fluid distributed by the water distribution assembly 5 to enter the electrode bracket 26 through the corresponding water inlet connector of the electrode group and then be introduced into the electrode rod 21. The power inlet interface 212 is used to connect the discharge wire, which is fixed with screws, simultaneously fixing the entire electrode to the electrode bracket 26. Except for the exposed metal material in the discharge area and the power inlet interface 212, the entire electrode is wrapped with insulating material. Water channels are drilled inside the electrode rod 21, leading from the water inlet 213 to each water outlet 215.
[0129] The first group is as follows Figure 14As shown, to prevent interference during the movement of the electrode assembly, and considering the limited space, the movement of electrode 1 is divided into two steps. The first step involves using a stainless steel mini-transfer cylinder (transfer unit 24) to transfer all components of electrode assembly 201 during its extension and retraction (at this time, the electrode rod 21 in electrode assembly 201 is in a retracted state), moving the entire assembly to a designated position. This designated position is determined by the front stop of transfer unit 24; that is, the cylinder moving seat contacts the front stop under the push of transfer unit 24, thus stopping the movement. The movement speed of transfer unit 24 is controlled by adjustable air inlet connector 252. After reaching the designated position, the electronic sensor (sensing unit 23) sends a signal indicating the position is reached. Upon receiving the signal, the system initiates the second step: the stainless steel mini-feed cylinder (drive unit 22) actuates, pushing the electrode rod 21 of electrode assembly 201 into the channel. After drive unit 22 reaches the designated position, it triggers sensor unit 23 to respond and release a signal, proceeding to the next step. In the second step, the movement of the drive unit 22 is unrestricted. Based on its extension and retraction, the extended state of the drive unit 22 is defined as the area of the workpiece 9 corresponding to the electrode rod 21 that requires electrical discharge machining. The retracted state is when the entire electrode rod 21 exits the workpiece 9, without affecting the placement or removal of the workpiece. Similarly, during retraction, the drive unit 22 is activated first. After retraction, the sensor unit 23 sends a signal to drive the transfer unit to retract. After retraction, the sensor unit 23 sends a signal to proceed to the next step.
[0130] The second and third groups have similar structures, except for the layout of the electrode rods 21. The structure of the third group is briefly described below. The layout of the third group is as follows: Figure 17 As shown.
[0131] The third group includes electrode group five 205, electrode group six 206, and electrode group seven 207. The electrode rods 21 of electrode groups five 205, six 206, and seven 207 are all mounted on a single electrode bracket 26. The position and discharge position of each electrode rod 21 are designed according to the corresponding channel. The electrode bracket 26 is equipped with a water inlet channel to facilitate the entry of working fluid into the electrode rod 21 and its outflow to the designated position. The movement of the electrode rod 21 is achieved by the drive unit 22, and the feed speed is controlled by the air intake volume of the adjustable air inlet connectors 252 at both ends of the cylinder (drive unit 22). Sensing units 23 are located at both ends of the cylinder. The electrode feed is guided by two guide rails 29, with both ends of the guide rails 29 fixed to the front guide seat 27 and the rear guide seat 28, respectively. The electrode bracket 26 and the guide rails 29 are connected by a sliding sleeve, enabling sliding movement. The front guide seat 27 of the electrode, in addition to mounting the guide rail 29, also serves to guide the relatively long electrode rod 21. The front guide seat 27 has a guide hole corresponding to the electrode rod 21. The electrode rod 21 is guided into the workpiece through this hole and withdraws through the same hole. Simultaneously, in the fully withdrawn state, the electrode rod 21 is both withdrawn from the workpiece and its front end remains within the hole, thus supporting and protecting the electrode rod 21. The rear guide seat 28 of the electrode, similarly, is used to mount the guide rail 29 and the drive unit 22. Both guide seats are fixed to the mounting plate. The height of the mounting plate is determined by the height of the corresponding channel after the workpiece is placed, and the placement angle and position are determined by the angle and position of each channel after the workpiece is placed.
[0132] The following table will further illustrate the sequence of actions of the electrode rod 21 entering and exiting the housing workpiece 9 when there is interference between the various electrode assemblies 2.
[0133] Due to interference issues, the movement of the electrode assembly is addressed in the program settings, as shown in Tables 2 and 3.
[0134] Each electrode rod enters the housing workpiece:
[0135]
[0136] Table 2 Sequence of Electrode Entry into Workpiece
[0137] Each electrode rod is removed from the housing workpiece:
[0138] Serial Number Cylinder name Cylinder action name Position signal name Remark 1 First group of feed cylinders Shrink Shrink into place 2 First set of transplant cylinders Shrink Shrink into place Action after receiving signal 1 3 Second set of transplant cylinders Shrink Shrink into place Action is taken after receiving signal 2. 4 Third group of feed cylinders Shrink Shrink into place Both act simultaneously
[0139] Table 3 Sequence of Electrode Removal from Workpiece
[0140] Through the implementation of the above embodiments, the goal of electrochemical deburring of shell workpieces with multiple complex channels is achieved, avoiding interference and conflict between various components during the processing, and the processing process is controllable. It can remove burrs from the root, thereby further improving the performance of the product after shell workpiece processing and avoiding serious accidents such as subsequent damage to mechanical equipment caused by burrs affecting product performance.
[0141] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An electrochemical deburring apparatus for electrochemical deburring of a shell workpiece (9), the shell workpiece (9) comprising a plurality of channels, wherein the axes of at least two channels intersect, characterized in that: The electrochemical deburring device includes a piezoelectric module (600) and an electrode tooling module (100); The electrode tooling module (100) includes a base plate (1) and an electrode assembly (2), a power distribution assembly (3), a workpiece placement assembly (4), and a water distribution assembly (5) mounted on the base plate (1); Multiple electrode assemblies (2) corresponding to each of the holes are arranged on the base plate (1). Each electrode assembly (2) includes an electrode rod (21), a driving unit (22), and a sensing unit (23). At least one of the electrode assemblies (2) is mounted on the transfer unit (24). Each of the electrode rods (21) is provided corresponding to each channel; The driving unit (22) is connected to the electrode rod (21) at its working end. The driving unit (22) is used to drive the electrode rod (21) to switch between an extended state and a retracted state. In the extended state, the electrode rod (21) approaches and extends into the channel. In the retracted state, the electrode rod (21) disengages from the channel and retracts. The sensing unit (23) is connected in cooperation with the driving unit (22) and the transfer unit (24). The sensing unit (23) is used to detect the positioning signal of each electrode rod (21) and the movement signal of the transfer unit (24) and the trigger signal of each electrode assembly (2) moving in sequence. The electrochemical deburring device is arranged such that: a discharge station and a clearance station are arranged on the base plate (1), and the electrode assembly (2) installed on the transfer unit (24) is provided with a channel corresponding to the intersecting axis. When the electrode assembly (2) is in the retracted state, the transfer unit (24) transfers the electrode assembly (2) between the discharge station and the clearance station, so that when the electrode rod (21) of the electrode assembly (2) interferes with the movement trajectory of the electrode rod (21) of other electrode assemblies (2) from the retracted state to the extension state, the electrode rod (21) of the electrode assembly (2) is transferred from the displacement path of the electrode rod (21) of other electrode assemblies (2) to the clearance station, thereby avoiding interference between the electrode rods (21); and when the electrode rods (21) of other electrode assemblies (2) have all entered the extension state, the electrode assembly (2) in the retracted state is transferred from the clearance station to the discharge station, and the electrode rod (21) of the electrode assembly (2) is changed from the retracted state to the extension state.
2. The electrochemical deburring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric module (600) includes a piezoelectric electrode (61), a substrate (62), and a connecting post (63). The piezoelectric electrode (61) is used to connect to the anode of the power supply for discharge. A compression spring (64) is provided on the piezoelectric electrode (61) for pressing the piezoelectric electrode (61) and the housing workpiece (9). The substrate (62) is used to mount the piezoelectric electrode (61) and the connecting post (63).
3. The electrochemical deburring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power distribution assembly (3) includes a power distribution base (31), one side of which is connected to the cathode of the power supply, and the other side of which branches out a plurality of discharge lines in the same number as the electrode assembly (2).
4. The electrochemical deburring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece placement assembly (4) includes a plurality of workpiece placement seats (41) for positioning the housing workpiece (9), and at least two of the workpiece placement seats (41) are provided with positioning pins (42) for engaging with positioning holes on the housing workpiece (9).
5. The electrochemical deburring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution component (5) includes a water distribution base (51), which includes an inlet pipe (52) and an outlet pipe (53). The number of outlet pipes (53) is the same as the number of electrode components (2), and the outlet pipes (53) of the water distribution component (5) are connected to the adjustable inlet connector (251) of the electrode component (2).
6. The electrochemical deburring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing unit (23) is an electronic sensor disposed at both ends of the drive unit (22) and the transfer unit (24).
7. The electrochemical deburring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape and length of the electrode rod (21) are matched with its corresponding channel. The electrode rod (21) includes a rod body (211) and an inlet port (212), a water inlet (213), a mounting end face (214), a water outlet (215), and an electrode discharge area (216) arranged from back to front on the rod body (211).
8. The electrochemical deburring apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electrode discharge area (216) is the exposed part of the electrode rod (21) located at the head of the rod body (211), and the electrode discharge area (216) is used for electrical discharge machining; The outlet (215) is evenly arranged around the circumference of the rod (211) to provide working fluid during processing; An angle positioning pin (2141) for angle positioning is provided on the mounting end face (214); The inlet (213) is used to introduce the working fluid distributed by the water distribution component (5) into the interior of the rod body (211); The power input interface (212) is used to connect the discharge line of the power distribution assembly (3); The rod (211) is provided with a water passage connecting the inlet (213) and the outlet (215).
9. The electrochemical deburring apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrode assembly (2) further includes an electrode bracket (26), which is provided with a mounting surface (261) and an angle positioning groove (262). The mounting surface (261) is used to abut against the mounting end face (214); the angle positioning groove (262) is positioned and engaged with the angle positioning pin (2141).
10. The electrochemical deburring apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electrode support (26) of the electrode assembly (2) is also provided with a front guide seat (27) and a rear guide seat (28); The front guide seat (27) is connected to the front end of the rod (211). The front guide seat (27) provides guidance, support and protection for the electrode rod (21) when it is in the extended state and the retracted state. In the retracted state of the electrode rod (21), the front end of the rod (211) is still connected to the front guide seat (27). The rear guide seat (28) is equipped with a guide rail (29) and a drive unit (22); The front guide seat (27) and the rear guide seat (28) are fixed on a mounting plate with adjustable height, angle and position.
11. The electrochemical deburring apparatus according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that: The number of electrode components (2) is seven, named electrode group one (201) to electrode group seven (207) in sequence. The seven electrode components (2) are divided into three groups, wherein electrode group one (201) is the first group, electrode group two (202), electrode group three (203), and electrode group four (204) are the second group, and electrode group five (205), electrode group six (206), and electrode group seven (207) are the third group. In the first group, the movement path of the electrode rod (21) of the first electrode group (201) interferes with the movement path of the electrode rod (21) of the second electrode group (202), the third electrode group (203), and the fourth electrode group (204). The first electrode group (201) is installed on the transfer unit (24), and the transfer unit (24) drives the first electrode group (201) to transfer between the discharge station and the first avoidance station. In the second group, the electrode rods (21) of electrode group two (202), electrode group three (203), and electrode group four (204) have the same angle; In the third group, the angles of the electrode rods (21) of electrode group five (205), electrode group six (206), and electrode group seven (207) are the same, but the angles of the electrode rods (21) of other electrode assemblies (2) are different.
12. An electrochemical deburring system, characterized in that: The electrochemical deburring system includes the electrochemical deburring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and a main control module; The main control module is electrically connected to the piezoelectric module (600) and the electrode tooling module (100). The main control module is used to send instructions to each component in the piezoelectric module (600) and the electrode tooling module (100), and after receiving the positioning signals of each electrode rod (21), the movement signals of the transfer unit (24), and the trigger signals of the sequential movement of each electrode assembly (2), the main control module controls the transfer unit (24) and the drive unit (22) to cooperate in their actions so that the electrode rod (21) of the electrode assembly (2) moves in conjunction with other electrode assemblies (2). When there is interference on the trajectory of the electrode rod (21) when it changes from the retracted state to the extended state, the electrode rod (21) of the electrode assembly (2) is moved from the displacement path of the electrode rod (21) of other electrode assemblies (2) to the avoidance station to avoid interference between the electrode rods (21); and when the electrode rods (21) of other electrode assemblies (2) have all entered the extended state, the electrode assembly (2) in the retracted state is moved from the avoidance station to the discharge station, and the electrode rod (21) of the electrode assembly (2) changes from the retracted state to the extended state.
13. An electrochemical deburring method for electrochemical deburring of a shell workpiece (9), the shell workpiece (9) comprising a plurality of channels, wherein the axes of at least two channels intersect, characterized in that, The electrochemical deburring method employs the electrochemical deburring system as described in claim 12, and the electrochemical deburring method includes the following steps: S100. The shell workpiece (9) is fixedly installed on the workpiece placement assembly (4) of the base plate (1), and the shape of the upper surface of the workpiece placement seat (41) corresponds to the corresponding placement process surface on the shell workpiece (9). S200. Determine the discharge station and the avoidance station on the base plate (1) according to the angle and position of the hole on the shell workpiece (9), and place the electrode assembly (2) installed on the transfer unit (24) on the avoidance station, and place the other electrode assemblies (2) on their respective discharge stations. S300, the main control module sends a signal to make the electrode assembly (2) on other discharge stations move, and change the electrode rod (21) from the retracted state to the extended state. The electrode rod (21) approaches and extends into the channel. S400 After receiving the arrival signal of the electrode rod (21), the main control module sends a signal to the transfer unit (24) so that the transfer unit (24) drives the electrode assembly (2) on it to be transferred from the avoidance station to the discharge station, and the corresponding drive unit (22) converts the electrode rod (21) into the extended state. S500 and the main control module send signals to the piezoelectric module (600) and the electrode tooling module (100) to perform electrochemical deburring. S600. After processing is completed, the drive unit (22) on the transfer unit (24) converts the electrode rod (21) into a retracted state. After retracting into place, the transfer unit (24) transfers the electrode assembly (2) on it from the discharge station to the avoidance station. S700 and the drive units (22) on the other discharge stations convert their respective electrode rods (21) into a retracted state to complete the electrochemical deburring process.
14. The electrochemical deburring method according to claim 13, characterized in that: In step S500, the electrochemical deburring process is performed by connecting the piezoelectric electrode (61) in the piezoelectric module (600) to the power anode and the electrode rod (21) in the electrode assembly (2) to the power cathode for discharge processing. The working fluid is provided by connecting the electrode rod (21) to the water separation assembly (5) during processing.