Tunnel rock burst protection liquid bag net

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel rock burst protection liquid capsule net and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction. The tunnel rock burst protection liquid capsule net comprises a liquid capsule net body, the outermost layer of the liquid capsule net body is a rubber protection capsule, a protection liquid capsule framework is arranged in the rubber protection capsule, and the protection liquid capsule framework is assembled from multiple rods. Thickened liquid storage tanks are arranged at the front and back ends of the rubber protection capsule, and the rubber protection capsule is filled with a fluid filler. The tunnel rock burst protection liquid capsule net has the advantages that non-Newtonian fluid is filled in the liquid capsule structure and a plastic framework is arranged, the non-Newtonian fluid can be rapidly solidified when the device is impacted by rock burst, the impact resistance of the device is enhanced, the protection capacity is high, and the device can effectively cope with the suddenness and strong destruction of rock burst.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid economic development, underground resource development and infrastructure construction are progressing at an unprecedented pace into deeper areas. As tunnel engineering deepens, it inevitably traverses complex geological zones with high ground stress, making it susceptible to localized or widespread rockbursts due to excavation disturbances and high ground stress. Currently, effectively reducing the losses caused by rockbursts remains a long-standing challenge in underground engineering construction.

[0003] Rockburst geological disasters are characterized by their suddenness and extreme destructiveness, and their occurrence time, location, and intensity are difficult to predict. Currently, the main measures for preventing rockbursts are: (1) Improving the physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding rock. Spraying cold water on the tunnel face and tunnel walls can reduce the strength of the surface surrounding rock to a certain extent. When water is sprayed on the working face, the water that seeps into the rock pores can react chemically with some ions in the rock minerals, thereby achieving the effect of softening, expanding, or dissolving the rock, thus reducing the rock strength. (2) Improving the stress conditions of the surrounding rock. In the rockburst section of the tunnel, drilling and blasting should be used as much as possible, with short excavation, reduced explosive charge, and control of smooth blasting effect to reduce stress concentration on the surface of the surrounding rock. (3) Reinforcing the surrounding rock. Different reinforcement measures are adopted for rockburst tunnels of different intensities. For low rockburst tunnels, initial support with shotcrete and wire mesh is installed, and circumferential stress relief holes are drilled on the tunnel walls. For medium rockburst tunnels, radial system anchors are installed on the basis of initial support with shotcrete and wire mesh to conduct rockburst advance prediction. For tunnels experiencing rockbursts of intensity 45 or higher, deeper and denser system anchor bolts with pads are installed, and grating steel frame supports are also provided.

[0004] The aforementioned rockburst prevention measures can reduce the frequency of rockbursts to some extent, but they cannot completely solve the problems of the suddenness and destructiveness of rockbursts. Once a rockburst occurs, it can easily cause serious consequences such as casualties, equipment damage, and construction stoppage. Therefore, a safety protection measure is needed to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment and maintain normal construction work during a rockburst.

[0005] While existing technologies include some protective devices and methods for safeguarding personnel and equipment during rockbursts, such as Chinese patent CN107165653B entitled "A Passive Prevention Equipment for Rockburst Geological Disasters in Underground Engineering and Its Application Method," which effectively solves the safety accident caused by the instantaneous release of energy accumulated in the rock mass due to insufficient energy absorption strength of the underground engineering support system during high-intensity rockbursts and reduces rockburst hazards, this invention is complex, uneconomical, and difficult to apply on a large scale. In another Chinese patent CN108661676B entitled "A Method for Tunnel Rockburst Protection Construction Using Flexible Steel Rope Net," the protective net used in the netting operation is a flexible protective net for tunnel rockbursts. During netting operations, single-layer or double-layer netting is selected based on the rockburst level, addressing the problem that the existing protective netting structure is not well integrated with the tunnel design and construction process, resulting in poor protective performance. However, the selection of the netting depends on the rockburst level, which is difficult to predict, making it difficult to achieve the theoretical protective effect during application.

[0006] Existing protective devices and methods are largely inadequate to effectively address the suddenness and destructive power of rockbursts. Some devices are costly, complex, and difficult to manufacture; others are simple but offer unsatisfactory protection. Therefore, there is a need to design a rockburst protection device that is low-cost, easy to use, and provides good protection, suitable for widespread application in tunnel engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh. By filling the inside of the liquid-filled structure with non-Newtonian fluid and laying a plastic skeleton, the non-Newtonian fluid can be rapidly solidified when subjected to the impact of a rockburst, thereby enhancing the device's impact resistance and providing strong protection. It can effectively cope with the suddenness and destructive power of rockbursts.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh, comprising a liquid-filled mesh body, the outermost layer of which is a rubber protective bladder, and a protective liquid-filled bladder skeleton is arranged inside the rubber protective bladder, the protective liquid-filled bladder skeleton being assembled from multiple rod segments; thickened liquid storage tanks are provided at both ends of the rubber protective bladder, and the interior of the rubber protective bladder is filled with a fluid filler.

[0009] Preferably, the rubber protective bladder is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber, and the surface of the rubber protective bladder is connected by a staggered arrangement of transverse ribs and longitudinal ribs, with a "well"-shaped depression formed at the junction of the transverse ribs and the longitudinal ribs.

[0010] Preferably, the protective fluid-filled bladder skeleton is made of polyetheretherketone plastic, and the protective bladder skeleton is assembled from a horizontal skeleton and a vertical skeleton, with the horizontal skeleton and the vertical skeleton connected by a skeleton joint.

[0011] Preferably, the rubber protective bladder is provided with a grouting hole, which is located at the bottom of the rubber protective bladder.

[0012] Preferably, the rubber protective bladder is provided with multiple anchor bolt holes through which the anchor bolt can pass, and the rubber protective bladder is fixed to the end of the anchor bolt through the anchor bolt joint.

[0013] Preferably, the fluid filler is stored in the thickened reservoir tube.

[0014] Preferably, the fluid filler is TBS liquid bulletproof material.

[0015] Therefore, the tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh of the present invention, with the above-described structure, has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The present invention is designed as a mesh structure that adheres to the rock wall. The outermost layer is a TUP rubber protective bag with intersecting horizontal and vertical ribs, which has a stronger ability to absorb impact energy compared to the traditional smooth rubber surface.

[0017] (2) The liquid bladder is filled with TBS non-Newtonian fluid material. When a rockburst occurs, it can form a tough solid material to effectively resist the close-range high-speed impact of rockburst fragments. By making full use of the physical properties of shear-thickening liquid, it can greatly reduce the destructive effect of rockburst disasters.

[0018] (3) The liquid bladder net contains a PEEK plastic skeleton, which can be assembled in multiple sections. It is lightweight and has good impact resistance, providing skeletal support for the liquid bladder and also providing a certain degree of protection. Under the triple protection of the protective liquid bladder, the hazards of rockbursts are minimized, resulting in higher safety.

[0019] (4) The present invention adopts a suspension type, and the rubber protective bag is fixed to the end of the anchor rod through the anchor rod joint to prevent the rock burst from falling off as a whole under the action of impact and its own weight.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective bladder skeleton structure of an embodiment of the tunnel rockburst protection liquid bladder net of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the anchor bolt connection of an embodiment of the tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the anchor bolt connection of an embodiment of the tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh according to the present invention;

[0026] Among them, 1. Rubber protective bladder; 2. Transverse rib; 3. Longitudinal rib; 4. Grouting hole; 5. Anchor bolt hole; 6. Anchor bolt joint; 7. Protective liquid bladder skeleton; 8. Skeleton joint. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0029] Example

[0030] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this invention provides a tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh, comprising a liquid-filled mesh body, the outermost layer of which is a rubber protective bladder 1. The rubber protective bladder 1 is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber. The surface of the rubber protective bladder 1 is constructed with interlaced horizontal ribs 2 and vertical ribs 3, forming a "well"-shaped depression at the junction of the horizontal ribs 2 and vertical ribs 3. Compared to traditional smooth rubber surfaces, this design can absorb more rockburst impact energy. The "well"-shaped depression at the junction of the horizontal and vertical ribs can collect debris ejected onto the rubber surface, facilitating cleanup by construction personnel when removing the protective mesh.

[0031] The rubber protective bladder 1 is equipped with grouting holes 4 located at the bottom. Construction personnel can inflate the bladder through these holes to check the overall seal. The rubber protective bladder 1 also has multiple anchor holes 5 through which anchor bolts can pass. The bladder 1 is fixed to the end of the anchor bolt via an anchor bolt joint 6, which includes two bolts and a washer. This allows the liquid-filled bladder to be suspended from the rock face, preventing it from detaching entirely under impact and its own weight during a rockburst.

[0032] The rubber protective bladder 1 is equipped with a protective liquid bladder skeleton 7, which is assembled from multiple rods. The protective liquid bladder skeleton 7 is made of polyetheretherketone plastic and is assembled from a horizontal skeleton and a vertical skeleton. The horizontal skeleton and the vertical skeleton are connected by a skeleton joint 8. It is lightweight and has good impact resistance, providing skeletal support for the liquid bladder and preventing the internal fluid from sagging and collapsing under the action of gravity. It also has a certain protective capability.

[0033] The rubber protective bladder 1 has thickened liquid storage tanks (not shown in the figure) at both ends to store more fluid filler and to reinforce it, preventing the bladder from being damaged by debris at the weak points at the front and rear. The interior of the rubber protective bladder 1 is filled with TBS liquid bulletproof material, a non-Newtonian fluid that forms a tough solid during a rockburst, effectively resisting the close-range, high-speed impact of rockburst debris, making it the primary protective measure of the liquid bladder net.

[0034] When using this device, firstly, the PEEK plastic rods are assembled into a protective liquid-filled bladder frame 7 according to the tunnel cross-section type and size. The protective liquid-filled bladder frame 7 is then fitted inside the rubber protective bladder 1. The rubber protective bladder 1 is suspended from the end of the anchor rod and tightened with bolts 6 for reinforcement. Workers inflate the bladder through the grouting hole 4 to check the seal. Once there is no air leakage and the seal is good, TBS liquid bulletproof material is injected through the grouting hole 4. Grouting is stopped and the grouting hole 4 is sealed when the pressure gauge reaches the specified liquid pressure. In the event of a rockburst, the rockburst area will instantly form a localized, tough solid under the impact to resist the impact of the debris, ensuring the safety of workers below the liquid-filled bladder net. After the rockburst impact ends, after a short period, the TBS liquid bulletproof material will revert from a solid phase to a liquid phase, returning to its initial state. After the operation is completed, workers start from the corners of the liquid-filled bladder net, sequentially disconnecting the anchor rods, removing debris, and recovering the TBS non-Newtonian fluid through the grouting hole 4. Finally, the rubber protective bladder 1 and the protective liquid-filled bladder frame 7 are removed, completing the safe operation.

[0035] Therefore, the present invention provides a tunnel rockburst protection liquid bladder net with the above-mentioned structure. By filling the inside of the liquid bladder structure with non-Newtonian fluid and laying a plastic skeleton, the non-Newtonian fluid can be rapidly solidified when subjected to the impact of a rockburst, thereby enhancing the device's impact resistance and providing strong protection. It can effectively cope with the suddenness and destructive power of rockbursts.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh, characterized in that: The device includes a liquid-filled mesh body, the outermost layer of which is a rubber protective bladder. Inside the rubber protective bladder, a protective liquid-filled bladder skeleton is arranged, which is assembled from multiple rods. Thickened liquid storage tanks are provided at both ends of the rubber protective bladder, and the interior of the rubber protective bladder is filled with a fluid filler. The fluid filler is TBS liquid bulletproof material. The rubber protective bladder is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber. The surface of the rubber protective bladder is connected by a staggered arrangement of horizontal and vertical ribs, and the junction of the horizontal and vertical ribs forms a "well" shaped depression. The protective fluid bladder skeleton is made of polyetheretherketone plastic. The protective bladder skeleton is assembled from a horizontal skeleton and a vertical skeleton, and the horizontal skeleton and the vertical skeleton are connected by a skeleton joint.

2. The tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber protective bladder is provided with a grouting hole, which is located at the bottom of the rubber protective bladder.

3. The tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rubber protective bladder is provided with multiple anchor bolt holes through which the anchor bolts can pass, and the rubber protective bladder is fixed to the end of the anchor bolt through the anchor bolt joint.

4. The tunnel rockburst protection liquid-filled mesh according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fluid filler is stored in the thickened reservoir.

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