Methods for constructing ecosystem service flow patterns

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of data analysis, and in particular to a method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern. By using ecosystem service resistance correlation data, the method comprehensively considers the loss of ecosystem service flow direction and flow due to transmission resistance, accurately assesses the regional ecosystem service transmission resistance surface, and then constructs the regional ecosystem service flow pattern. This reflects the continuous impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on ecosystem services, and provides scientific decision support for urban development and ecosystem management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of data analysis, and in particular to a method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of cities, the supply and demand of ecosystem services by humans are increasing and diversifying. However, the living space and ecological environment of natural ecosystems are also facing huge threats. The supply of ecosystem service functions can no longer meet the growing supply and demand of humans in cities. The mismatch between supply and demand of ecosystem services is becoming more and more serious. Constructing the ecosystem service flow pattern based on the matching of supply and demand of ecosystem services can reflect the dynamic change process of regional ecosystem service transfer, which is of great significance to the management of ecosystem services, policy formulation and research on regional ecological compensation mechanisms.

[0003] At present, many non-ecological disciplinary methods have been introduced into the quantification of ecosystem service flows, among which the most mature models are the breakpoint model and the field strength model. However, this model is limited to the administrative scale and ignores the loss of service flow caused by transmission resistance. It is difficult to comprehensively evaluate the supply and demand of ecosystem services, resulting in a decrease in the accuracy of constructing the ecosystem service flow pattern. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern, which adopts ecosystem service resistance correlation data, comprehensively considers the loss of transmission resistance to the flow direction and flow of ecosystem services, accurately evaluates the ecosystem service transmission resistance surface of the region, and then constructs the ecosystem service flow pattern of the region, reflecting the continuous impact of natural and human factors on ecosystem services, and providing scientific decision-making support for urban development and ecosystem management.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtaining a region to be processed and basic data, wherein the region to be processed includes a plurality of grid cells, and the basic data includes basic data of the plurality of grid cells;

[0007] Inputting the basic data into a preset ecosystem service assessment model to obtain ecosystem service supply and demand data of a number of the grid units;

[0008] According to the ecosystem service supply and demand data, a plurality of target grid cells are extracted from a plurality of the grid cells to construct an ecosystem service supply and demand area of ​​the area to be processed;

[0009] Obtaining ecosystem service resistance association data of a plurality of target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and obtaining ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the plurality of target grid cells according to the ecosystem service resistance association data;

[0010] According to the comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of ecosystem services of several target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, ecosystem service corridor areas and ecosystem service strategic points are constructed; according to the ecosystem service supply and demand area, ecosystem service corridor areas and ecosystem service strategic points, the ecosystem service flow pattern of the area to be treated is constructed.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present application embodiment provides an ecosystem service flow pattern construction device, including:

[0012] A data acquisition module, used to obtain a region to be processed and basic data, wherein the region to be processed includes a plurality of grid cells, and the basic data includes basic data of the plurality of grid cells;

[0013] An ecosystem service assessment module, used to input the basic data into a preset ecosystem service assessment model to obtain ecosystem service supply and demand data of a plurality of the grid units;

[0014] A supply and demand area construction module, used to extract a plurality of target grid cells from a plurality of grid cells according to the ecosystem service supply and demand data, and construct the ecosystem service supply and demand area of ​​the area to be processed;

[0015] A comprehensive transmission resistance value calculation module is used to obtain ecosystem service resistance association data of a plurality of target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and obtain ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the plurality of target grid cells according to the ecosystem service resistance association data;

[0016] The ecosystem service flow pattern construction module is used to construct ecosystem service corridor areas and ecosystem service strategic points according to the comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of ecosystem services of several target grid units in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and to construct the ecosystem service flow pattern of the area to be processed according to the ecosystem service supply and demand area, the ecosystem service corridor area and the ecosystem service strategic points.

[0017] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern as described in the first aspect are implemented.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern as described in the first aspect.

[0019] In the embodiments of the present application, a method, apparatus, computer equipment and storage medium for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern are provided, which adopts ecosystem service resistance correlation data, comprehensively considers the loss of transmission resistance to the flow direction and flow of ecosystem service flow, accurately evaluates the ecosystem service transmission resistance surface of the region, and then constructs the ecosystem service flow pattern of the region, reflecting the continuous impact of natural and human factors on ecosystem services, and providing scientific decision-making support for urban development and ecosystem management.

[0020] For better understanding and implementation, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of S2 in the process of a method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of S2 in the process of a method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of S2 in the process of a method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of S3 in the process of the method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of S4 in the process of the method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of S4 in the process of the method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ecosystem service flow pattern construction device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig. 9A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided for one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0031] The terms used in this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0032] It should be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present application to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if" / "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determination".

[0033] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application, the method comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1: Obtaining a region to be processed and basic data, wherein the region to be processed includes a plurality of grid units, and the basic data includes basic data of the plurality of grid units.

[0035] The executor of the ecosystem service flow pattern construction method is a construction device of the ecosystem service flow pattern construction method (hereinafter referred to as the construction device). In an optional embodiment, the construction device can be a computer device, a server, or a server cluster composed of multiple computer devices.

[0036] The basic data include elevation data, land use data, soil data, meteorological data and population and economic data. Among them, elevation data (DEM) is the English abbreviation of Digital Elevation Model (Digital Elevation Model), which can reflect the local terrain characteristics of a certain resolution and is an important original data for studying and analyzing terrain, watersheds, and land feature identification. Specifically, the elevation data includes slope and slope length factors.

[0037] Land use data are data that reflect the status, characteristics, dynamic changes, distribution characteristics of the land use system and land use elements, as well as human development and utilization, governance, transformation, management and protection, and land use planning. Specifically, the land use data include several threat factors and parameters of the proportion of built-up areas, including construction land threat factors, cultivated land threat factors, traffic road threat factors, and vegetation coverage and management factors.

[0038] The soil data reflects the content of sand, silt, clay, organic carbon and the limiting root layer depth data. Specifically, the soil data includes soil erosion factors and soil and water conservation measures factors.

[0039] Meteorological data reflects rainfall data, sunshine, temperature data, etc. Specifically, the meteorological data includes precipitation erosion factors.

[0040] Night light data is a kind of remote sensing data. The sensors on the satellite can detect the lights and fires on the earth at night, which can be used as a good representation of human activities. Specifically, the night light data includes night light intensity parameters.

[0041] The demographic and economic data reflect the regional GDP, population density, energy consumption and other data, and mainly come from the statistical yearbooks of various administrative units within the study area.

[0042] In this embodiment, the construction device obtains the area to be processed and basic data, divides the area to be processed into a plurality of grid units according to a preset grid unit size, and obtains basic data of the plurality of grid units.

[0043] S2: Inputting the basic data into a preset ecosystem service assessment model to obtain ecosystem service supply and demand data of a plurality of the grid units.

[0044] The ecosystem service assessment model adopts the InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs) ecosystem service and trade-off comprehensive assessment model, which integrates various biophysical and socio-economic data and provides a series of ecosystem service assessment capabilities.

[0045] Ecosystem service supply and demand data reflect the supply and demand of various material and non-material service functions of ecosystems for social and economic development and ecological environment maintenance.

[0046] In this embodiment, the construction device inputs the basic data into a preset ecosystem service assessment model to obtain ecosystem service supply and demand data of several grid units, wherein the ecosystem service supply and demand data reflects the supply and demand of various material and non-material service functions of the ecosystem for social and economic development and ecological environment maintenance.

[0047] The ecosystem service supply and demand data include habitat quality service supply and demand data, and the habitat quality service supply and demand data include habitat quality service supply data and habitat quality service demand data. Figure 2 , Figure 2 The schematic diagram of S2 in the process of the method for constructing the ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application includes steps S201 to S202, which are as follows:

[0048] S201: obtaining spatial distance data between a plurality of the grid cells, and obtaining habitat quality service supply data of the plurality of the grid cells according to the spatial distance data between the plurality of the grid cells, land use data and a preset habitat quality service supply data calculation algorithm.

[0049] The habitat quality service supply data calculation algorithm is:

[0050]

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, i r,i,j is the impact parameter of the rth threat factor on the ith grid cell in the land use data corresponding to the jth grid cell, d i,j is the distance data between the jth grid cell and the ith grid cell, d rmax is the maximum action distance data of the rth threat factor, DV i is the habitat degradation degree of the i-th grid unit, B is the number of threat factors, N is the number of grids, and w r is the weight parameter of the rth threat factor, r j is the intensity parameter of the rth threat factor in the land use data corresponding to the jth grid cell, β i is the habitat anti-disturbance of the i-th grid unit, S r is the sensitivity parameter of the rth threat factor; Qi Provides data for the habitat quality service of the i-th grid cell, H i is the habitat suitability parameter of the ith grid unit, and q is the half-saturation coefficient.

[0054] In this embodiment, the construction device obtains the spatial distance data between the several grid cells. Specifically, the construction device can obtain the coordinate parameters of the several grid cells, and use the hydrological analysis tools of GIS software such as ARCGIS to obtain the spatial distance data between the several grid cells.

[0055] The construction device obtains the habitat quality service supply data of the plurality of grid cells according to the spatial distance data between the plurality of grid cells, the land use data and a preset habitat quality service supply data calculation algorithm.

[0056] By utilizing the relative influence between habitat types and threat factors, and the maximum action distance between grid units and threat factors, the information on land use types and biodiversity threat factors is used to generate a habitat quality map, and the habitat quality service supply data of several grid units are obtained, which reflects the sustainability, resilience, and self-recovery ability of the biodiversity of several grid units, and reflects the supply and demand matching relationship under habitat quality services.

[0057] S202: Obtain habitat quality service demand data of a number of grid cells according to the built-up area land proportion parameter in the land use data, the night light intensity parameter in the night light data, the population density parameter in the population and economic data, and a preset habitat quality service demand data calculation algorithm.

[0058] Numerous studies have demonstrated the uncontrolled urbanization process and excessive human intervention, so the demand for headquarters is evaluated from the perspective of buildings and human activities. Population density represents the number of benefits to biodiversity. The proportion of built-up land is calculated as the proportion of the area of ​​built-up land in each town, indicating the intensity of demand for biodiversity. Night light intensity is a useful alternative indicator of the level of socioeconomic development, and can therefore effectively reflect people's preference for biodiversity.

[0059] In this embodiment, the construction device obtains the habitat quality service supply and demand data of a plurality of the grid cells according to the built-up area land proportion parameter in the land use data, the night light intensity parameter in the night light data, the population density parameter in the population and economic data, and the preset habitat quality service demand data calculation algorithm, wherein the habitat quality service demand data calculation algorithm is:

[0060] SBD i =lg(PD i ×PBLi ×NLI i )

[0061] Where SBD i is the habitat quality service demand data of the i-th grid unit, PD i is the population density parameter of the i-th grid cell, PBL i is the built-up area land ratio parameter of the i-th grid unit, NLI i is the night light intensity parameter of the i-th grid cell.

[0062] The ecosystem service supply and demand data include carbon sequestration service supply and demand data, and the carbon sequestration service supply and demand data include carbon sequestration service supply data and carbon sequestration service demand data; please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 The schematic diagram of S2 in the process of the method for constructing the ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application includes steps S211 to S212, which are as follows:

[0063] S211: Obtain carbon fixation service supply data of several grid units based on the area data of several land cover types in the land use data, the aboveground biological carbon density, underground biological carbon density, soil carbon density, dead organic matter carbon density in the land use data and a preset carbon fixation service supply data calculation algorithm.

[0064] The calculation algorithm for the carbon sequestration service supply data is:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, C i is the carbon sequestration service supply data of the i-th grid unit, M is the number of land cover types, A i,m is the area data of the mth land cover type in the ith grid cell, C i,a is the aboveground biomass carbon density of the i-th grid cell, C i,a is the aboveground biomass carbon density of the i-th grid cell, C i,b is the underground biomass carbon density of the i-th grid cell, C i,c is the soil carbon density of the i-th grid cell, C i,d is the carbon density of dead organic matter in the ith grid cell.

[0067] In this embodiment, the construction device obtains the carbon fixation service supply data of several grid units based on the area data of several land cover types in the land use data, the aboveground biological carbon density, underground biological carbon density, soil carbon density, dead organic matter carbon density in the land use data and a preset carbon fixation service supply data calculation algorithm.

[0068] S212: Obtaining carbon sequestration service demand data of a plurality of grid units according to a population density parameter, a per capita energy consumption parameter and a preset carbon sequestration service demand data calculation algorithm in the population and economic data.

[0069] The calculation algorithm for the carbon sequestration service supply and demand data is:

[0070] E i =CE i ×PD i ×C transfer

[0071] In the formula, E i is the carbon sequestration service demand data of the i-th grid unit, CE i is the per capita energy consumption parameter of the i-th grid unit, PD i is the population density parameter of the i-th grid cell, C transfer is the carbon emission conversion rate.

[0072] In this embodiment, the construction device obtains the carbon sequestration service demand data of a plurality of the grid units according to the population density parameter, the per capita energy consumption parameter and the preset carbon sequestration service demand data calculation algorithm in the population and economic data.

[0073] The ecosystem service supply and demand data include soil conservation service supply and demand data, and the soil conservation service supply and demand data include carbon sequestration service supply data and soil conservation service demand data; please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 The schematic diagram of S2 in the process of the method for constructing the ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application includes steps S221 to S222, which are specifically as follows:

[0074] S221: Obtain soil conservation service supply data for a number of grid cells based on the precipitation erosion factor in the meteorological data, the soil erosion factor in the soil data, the soil and water conservation measures factor, the slope and length factor in the height data, the vegetation coverage and management factor in the land use data, and a preset soil conservation service supply data calculation algorithm.

[0075] The soil conservation service supply data calculation algorithm is:

[0076] SR i =(1-PLA i ×PS i )×R i ×K i ×LS i

[0077] In the formula, SR iProvides data for soil conservation services in the i-th grid cell, R i is the precipitation erosivity factor of the i-th grid unit, K i is the soil erosivity factor of the i-th grid cell, LS i is the slope length factor of the i-th grid cell, PLA i is the vegetation coverage and management factor of the i-th grid unit, PS i is the soil and water conservation measure factor of the i-th grid cell.

[0078] In this embodiment, the construction device obtains the soil conservation service supply data of several grid units based on the precipitation erosion factor in the meteorological data, the soil erosion factor in the soil data, the soil and water conservation measures factor, the slope and length factor in the height data, the vegetation coverage and management factor in the land use data, and the preset soil conservation service supply data calculation algorithm.

[0079] S222: Obtain soil conservation service demand data of several grid cells according to the precipitation erosion factor, soil erosion factor, slope length factor, vegetation coverage and management factor, soil and water conservation measures factor and a preset soil conservation service demand data calculation algorithm in the soil data.

[0080] The soil conservation service demand data calculation algorithm is:

[0081] USLE i =R i ×K i ×LS i ×PLA i ×PS i

[0082] Where USLE i Soil conservation service demand data for the i-th grid cell.

[0083] In this embodiment, the construction device obtains the soil conservation service demand data of several grid units based on the precipitation erosion factor, soil erosion factor, slope length factor, vegetation coverage and management factor, soil and water conservation measures factor in the soil data and a preset soil conservation service demand data calculation algorithm.

[0084] S3: extracting a plurality of target grid cells from a plurality of the grid cells according to the ecosystem service supply and demand data, and constructing an ecosystem service supply and demand area of ​​the area to be processed.

[0085] In this embodiment, the construction device extracts a number of target grid cells from a number of the grid cells according to the ecosystem service supply and demand data, and constructs the ecosystem service supply and demand area of ​​the area to be processed, wherein the ecosystem service supply and demand area includes an ecosystem service supply area and an ecosystem service demand area, reflecting the supply and demand matching status of the ecosystem service flow of the area to be processed.

[0086] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 The schematic diagram of S3 in the process of the method for constructing the ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application includes steps S31 to S34, which are as follows:

[0087] S31: obtaining ecosystem service supply and demand ratios of several ecosystem types of several grid units according to the ecosystem service supply and demand data of several ecosystem types in the ecosystem service supply and demand data and a preset ecosystem service supply and demand ratio calculation algorithm.

[0088] The service supply-demand ratio calculation algorithm is:

[0089]

[0090] Where, ESDR i,l is the ecosystem service supply-demand ratio of the lth ecosystem type in the ith grid cell, S i,l The ecosystem service supply data for the lth ecosystem type in the ith grid cell, D i,l It is the ecosystem service demand data of the lth ecosystem type in the ith grid cell.

[0091] In this embodiment, a construction device obtains the ecosystem service supply and demand ratios of several ecosystem types of several grid cells based on the ecosystem service supply and demand data of several ecosystem types in the ecosystem service supply and demand data and a preset ecosystem service supply and demand ratio calculation algorithm, so as to quantitatively analyze the supply and demand status of different types of ecosystem services and comprehensive ecosystem services in the area to be treated, and reveal the quantitative surplus or deficit relationship between the supply and demand of ecosystem services in the area to be treated.

[0092] S32: Obtaining the comprehensive supply and demand ratio of ecosystem services of the plurality of grid cells according to the ecosystem service supply and demand ratio of the plurality of ecosystem types in the plurality of grid cells and a preset ecosystem service comprehensive supply and demand ratio calculation algorithm.

[0093] The calculation algorithm for the comprehensive supply-demand ratio of ecosystem services is:

[0094]

[0095] Where, CESD i is the comprehensive supply-demand ratio of ecosystem services in the ith grid unit, and L is the number of ecosystem types.

[0096] In this embodiment, the construction device obtains the comprehensive supply and demand ratio of ecosystem services of several grid cells based on the ecosystem service supply and demand ratio of several ecosystem types in the several grid cells and a preset ecosystem service comprehensive supply and demand ratio calculation algorithm, which reflects the ecological sustainability of each grid cell and serves as a reliable basis for classifying the supply and demand ratio.

[0097] S33: using the natural breakpoint method, according to the comprehensive supply and demand ratio of ecosystem services of the plurality of grid units, the plurality of grid units are classified into supply and demand ratio grades to obtain supply and demand ratio grade data of the plurality of grid units.

[0098] In this embodiment, the construction device adopts the natural breakpoint method to divide the several grid units into supply and demand ratio levels according to the comprehensive supply and demand ratio of ecosystem services of the several grid units, and obtains supply and demand ratio level data of the several grid units, wherein the supply and demand ratio level data includes extremely high supply level, extremely high demand level, high supply level, high demand level, medium supply level, medium demand level, low supply level, low demand level and relatively balanced level.

[0099] S34: taking several grid cells whose supply-demand ratio level data are extremely high supply level and extremely high demand level as target grid cells, combining several target grid cells whose supply-demand ratio level data are extremely high supply level to construct the ecosystem service supply area, and combining several target grid cells whose supply-demand ratio level data are extremely high demand level to construct the ecosystem service demand area.

[0100] In this embodiment, the construction device takes several grid cells whose supply-demand ratio level data are extremely high supply levels and extremely high demand levels as target grid cells, combines several adjacent target grid cells whose supply-demand ratio level data are extremely high supply levels, constructs several ecosystem service supply patches, and constructs the ecosystem service supply area.

[0101] The construction device combines several of the target grid units whose adjacent supply-demand ratio level data are extremely high demand levels, constructs several ecosystem service demand patches, and constructs the ecosystem service demand area.

[0102] Taking into account that smaller patches do not have complete ecological functions, in an optional embodiment, a device is constructed to obtain the area data of several ecosystem service supply patches and ecosystem service demand patches, eliminate patches with an area data less than 0.8 square kilometers, and merge the remaining patches to ultimately determine the ecosystem service supply area and the ecosystem service demand area.

[0103] S4: obtaining ecosystem service resistance association data of a plurality of target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and obtaining ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the plurality of target grid cells based on the ecosystem service resistance association data.

[0104] The ecosystem service resistance association data refers to association data that affects the ecosystem service function. In this embodiment, the construction device obtains the ecosystem service resistance association data of several target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and obtains the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of several target grid cells according to the ecosystem service resistance association data. It shows the difficulty of species crossing different target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, reflects the cost of species migration and energy flow in heterogeneous landscapes, and reflects the impact of the flow rate, flow direction and flow rate on the path environment and human activities during the flow process, as well as the attenuation of the generated flow.

[0105] Specifically, the ecosystem service resistance association data includes several different types of ecosystem service resistance factors. Specifically, the ecosystem service resistance factors include resistance factors such as forest area ratio, elevation, slope and rainfall, urban population ratio, traffic density, per capita GDP and per capita total retail sales of consumer goods.

[0106] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 The schematic diagram of S4 in the process of the method for constructing the ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application includes steps S41 to S42, which are as follows:

[0107] S41: Obtain resistance values ​​corresponding to several different types of ecosystem service resistance factors of several target grid cells according to the ecosystem service resistance association data of several target grid cells and the correspondence between several different types of ecosystem service resistance factors and corresponding ecosystem service resistance values ​​in a preset ecosystem service resistance factor correspondence table.

[0108] In this embodiment, the construction device obtains the resistance values ​​corresponding to several different types of ecosystem service resistance factors of several target grid cells based on the ecosystem service resistance association data of several target grid cells and the correspondence between several different types of ecosystem service resistance factors and corresponding ecosystem service resistance values ​​in a preset ecosystem service resistance factor correspondence table.

[0109] Specifically, the construction device obtains the level corresponding to the corresponding type of ecosystem service resistance factor according to the ecosystem service resistance association data of several target grid cells, traverses the ecosystem service resistance factor correspondence table according to the level corresponding to the corresponding type of ecosystem service resistance factor, obtains the water ecological resistance index corresponding to the level corresponding to the ecosystem service resistance factor of this type, and obtains the resistance values ​​corresponding to several different types of ecosystem service resistance factors of several target grid cells.

[0110] S42: Obtaining the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the target grid cells according to the resistance values ​​corresponding to the different types of ecosystem service resistance factors of the target grid cells and a preset ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance value calculation algorithm.

[0111] The calculation algorithm for the comprehensive transmission resistance value of ecosystem services is:

[0112]

[0113] Where, CF i is the comprehensive transmission resistance value of ecosystem services, n is the number of ecosystem service resistance factors, α k is the resistance value corresponding to the ecosystem service resistance factor of the kth type, f k is the weight parameter of the k-th type of ecosystem service resistance factor.

[0114] In this embodiment, the construction device obtains the comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of ecosystem services of several target grid cells according to the resistance values ​​corresponding to several different types of ecosystem service resistance factors of several target grid cells and a preset algorithm for calculating the comprehensive transmission resistance value of ecosystem services, constructs the transmission resistance surface of the ecosystem service flow from both natural and human factors, explores the difficulties experienced by ecosystem services during the movement process, and can more comprehensively analyze the ecosystem service transmission resistance status of the ecosystem service supply and demand areas, thereby improving the accuracy of the construction of the ecosystem service flow pattern.

[0115] S5: constructing an ecosystem service corridor area and an ecosystem service strategic point according to the comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the ecosystem services of several target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern of the area to be processed according to the ecosystem service supply and demand area, the ecosystem service corridor area and the ecosystem service strategic point.

[0116] The ecosystem service corridor area is the medium for species diffusion and migration, information transmission and energy flow, and undertakes ecological functions such as wind protection, pollution filtration, isolation and protection. It includes ecological corridors, flow corridors and coordination corridors. The ecological corridor has extremely high ecosystem service functions and relatively low transmission resistance, and plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the flow of matter, energy and information between ecosystem service supply areas; the flow corridor has a higher ecosystem service function, but its transmission resistance gradually increases with the distance to the demand area. It is the main path for ecosystem service transfer and achieving regional ecosystem supply and demand balance; the coordination corridor has a lower ecosystem service function and the transmission resistance is higher than the other two corridors, but it is conducive to coordinating the ecosystem service functions between demand areas.

[0117] Ecosystem service strategic points reflect the flowability of ecosystem service corridor areas, including ecosystem service barrier points and ecosystem service pinch points. Ecosystem service barrier points reflect areas in the ecosystem service corridor area where the flow of ecosystem services is greatly hindered. Improving and repairing the corresponding areas will greatly enhance the connectivity of the corridor; ecosystem service pinch points reflect areas in the ecosystem service corridor area where the flow of ecosystem services is relatively dense, and are areas that play a key role in the overall flow of the ecosystem service corridor area.

[0118] In this embodiment, the construction device constructs an ecosystem service corridor area and an ecosystem service strategic point according to the comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the ecosystem services of several target grid units in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and constructs the ecosystem service flow pattern of the area to be processed according to the ecosystem service supply and demand area, the ecosystem service corridor area and the ecosystem service strategic point.

[0119] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 The schematic diagram of S4 in the process of the method for constructing the ecosystem service flow pattern provided in one embodiment of the present application includes steps S51 to S53, which are specifically as follows:

[0120] S51: taking a plurality of ecosystem service supply patches and ecosystem service demand patches in the ecosystem service supply and demand area as patches to be analyzed, adopting the minimum cost path method, and obtaining the minimum cumulative resistance value between the plurality of patches to be analyzed according to the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the plurality of target grid units of the plurality of patches to be analyzed.

[0121] In this embodiment, the construction device takes several ecosystem service supply patches and ecosystem service demand patches in the ecosystem service supply and demand area as patches to be analyzed, adopts the minimum cost path method, and obtains the minimum cumulative resistance value between several patches to be analyzed based on the comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of ecosystem services of several target grid units of several patches to be analyzed.

[0122] Specifically, the construction device uses the Linkage Pathway—BuildNetwork and Map Linkages tool of the Linkage Mapper toolbox to obtain the minimum cumulative resistance value between several patches to be analyzed according to the comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of ecosystem services of several target grid cells of several patches to be analyzed.

[0123] S52: According to the minimum cumulative resistance value between the plurality of patches to be analyzed and a preset resistance threshold, a plurality of target patch combinations are obtained, and according to the plurality of target patch combinations, an ecosystem service corridor area of ​​the area to be processed is constructed.

[0124] In this embodiment, the construction device is based on the minimum cumulative resistance value between several plaques to be analyzed and a preset resistance threshold. If the minimum cumulative resistance value is less than or equal to the resistance threshold, the combination of two plaques to be analyzed corresponding to the minimum cumulative resistance value is used as the target plaque combination to obtain several target plaque combinations.

[0125] The construction device constructs the ecosystem service corridor area of ​​the area to be treated according to the plurality of target patch combinations. Specifically, if the target patch combination is an ecosystem service supply patch-ecosystem service supply patch combination, the construction device sets the corridor connecting the target patches as an ecological corridor.

[0126] If the target patch combination is an ecosystem service supply patch-ecosystem service demand patch combination, the construction device sets the corridor connecting the target patches as a flow corridor.

[0127] If the target patch combination is an ecosystem service demand patch-ecosystem service demand patch combination, the construction device sets the corridor connecting the target patches as a coordination corridor.

[0128] S53: using a circuit simulation method to identify ecosystem service strategic points in the ecosystem service corridor area according to the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of a plurality of the target grid cells in the ecosystem service corridor area.

[0129] In this embodiment, the construction device adopts a circuit simulation method to identify the ecosystem service strategic points in the ecosystem service corridor area according to the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of several target grid cells in the ecosystem service corridor area.

[0130] Specifically, the construction device calls Circuitscape through the Linkage Mapper tool to identify ecosystem service strategic points during the model operation process, and uses the ecosystem service supply area in the ecosystem service corridor area as the circuit power supply, the ecosystem service demand area as the circuit terminal, and the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance value of several target grid units in the ecosystem service corridor area as the conductive surface. By simulating the flow of current in the ecosystem service corridor area and analyzing the current intensity in the ecosystem service corridor, the ecosystem service strategic points in the ecosystem service corridor area are identified, and the importance of the ecosystem service corridor area and the ecosystem service strategic points for maintaining the landscape connectivity of the entire region is quantitatively evaluated by the current value.

[0131] By using ecosystem service resistance correlation data, the loss of ecosystem service flow direction and flow caused by transmission resistance is comprehensively considered, and the regional ecosystem service transmission resistance surface is accurately evaluated. Then, the regional ecosystem service flow pattern is constructed, which reflects the continuous impact of natural and human factors on ecosystem services and provides scientific decision-making support for urban development and ecosystem management.

[0132] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ecosystem service flow pattern construction device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The device can implement all or part of the ecosystem service flow pattern construction device through software, hardware, or a combination of both. The device 8 includes:

[0133] The data acquisition module 81 is used to obtain the area to be processed and basic data, wherein the area to be processed includes a plurality of grid cells, and the basic data includes basic data of the plurality of grid cells;

[0134] An ecosystem service assessment module 82, used to input the basic data into a preset ecosystem service assessment model to obtain ecosystem service supply and demand data of a plurality of the grid units;

[0135] A supply and demand area construction module 83 is used to extract a plurality of target grid cells from a plurality of grid cells according to the ecosystem service supply and demand data, and construct the ecosystem service supply and demand area of ​​the area to be processed;

[0136] The comprehensive transmission resistance value calculation module 84 is used to obtain the ecosystem service resistance association data of a plurality of target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and obtain the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the plurality of target grid cells according to the ecosystem service resistance association data;

[0137] The ecosystem service flow pattern construction module 85 is used to construct ecosystem service corridor areas and ecosystem service strategic points according to the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of several target grid units in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and to construct the ecosystem service flow pattern of the area to be processed according to the ecosystem service supply and demand area, the ecosystem service corridor area and the ecosystem service strategic points.

[0138] In an embodiment of the present application, a data acquisition module is used to obtain a region to be processed and basic data, wherein the region to be processed includes a plurality of grid units, and the basic data includes basic data of the plurality of grid units; an ecosystem service evaluation module is used to input the basic data into a preset ecosystem service evaluation model to obtain ecosystem service supply and demand data of the plurality of grid units; a supply and demand area construction module is used to extract a plurality of target grid units from the plurality of grid units according to the ecosystem service supply and demand data, and construct an ecosystem service supply and demand region of the region to be processed; an integrated transmission resistance value calculation module is used to obtain ecosystem service resistance association data of the plurality of target grid units in the ecosystem service supply and demand region, and an integrated transmission resistance value of ecosystem services of the plurality of target grid units is obtained according to the ecosystem service resistance association data; an ecosystem service flow pattern construction module is used to construct an ecosystem service corridor region and an ecosystem service strategic point according to the integrated transmission resistance values ​​of ecosystem services of the plurality of target grid units in the ecosystem service supply and demand region, and an ecosystem service flow pattern of the region to be processed is constructed according to the ecosystem service supply and demand region, the ecosystem service corridor region and the ecosystem service strategic point. By using ecosystem service resistance correlation data, the loss of ecosystem service flow direction and flow caused by transmission resistance is comprehensively considered, and the regional ecosystem service transmission resistance surface is accurately evaluated. Then, the regional ecosystem service flow pattern is constructed, which reflects the continuous impact of natural and human factors on ecosystem services and provides scientific decision-making support for urban development and ecosystem management.

[0139] Please refer to Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 The computer device 9 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The computer device 9 includes: a processor 91, a memory 92, and a computer program 93 stored in the memory 92 and executable on the processor 91; the computer device may store a plurality of instructions, which are suitable for being loaded and executed by the processor 91 Figures 1 to 7 The method steps of the embodiment shown in the figure can be found in the specific implementation process. Figures 1 to 7 The specific description of the illustrated embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0140] Among them, the processor 91 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 91 uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts in the server, and executes various functions and processes data of the ecosystem service flow pattern construction device 8 by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory 92, and calling the data in the memory 92. Optionally, the processor 91 can be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal processing (DSP), field programmable gate array (FPGA), and programmable logic array (PLA). The processor 91 can integrate one or a combination of a central processing unit 91 (CPU), a graphics processing unit 91 (GPU), and a modem. Among them, the CPU mainly processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the touch display; and the modem is used to process wireless communications. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem may not be integrated into the processor 91, but may be implemented separately through a chip.

[0141] Among them, the memory 92 may include a random access memory 92 (Random Access Memory, RAM), and may also include a read-only memory 92 (Read-Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 92 includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory 92 can be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets or instruction sets. The memory 92 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as touch instructions, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc. The memory 92 may also be optionally at least one storage device located away from the aforementioned processor 91.

[0142] The present application also provides a storage medium that can store multiple instructions, which are suitable for the processor to load and execute the above-mentioned Figures 1 to 7 For the specific steps and execution process of the embodiment shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 7 The specific description of the illustrated embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0143] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional grid units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional grid units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional grid units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional grid units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated into a processing grid unit, or each grid unit can exist physically separately, or two or more grid units can be integrated into one grid unit. The above-mentioned integrated grid unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional grid unit. In addition, the specific names of the functional grid units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the grid units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0144] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0145] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the grid units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraint algorithm of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0146] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / terminal equipment and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / terminal equipment embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the modules or grid units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple grid units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or grid units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0147] The grid units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as grid units may or may not be physical grid units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network grid units. Some or all of the grid units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0148] In addition, each functional grid unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into a processing grid unit, or each grid unit may exist physically separately, or two or more grid units may be integrated into one grid unit. The above-mentioned integrated grid unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional grid units.

[0149] If the integrated module / grid unit is implemented in the form of a software function grid unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments can be implemented. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form.

[0150] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. If various changes or modifications to the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and if these changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and equivalent technologies of the present invention, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtaining a region to be processed and basic data, wherein the region to be processed includes a plurality of grid units, and the basic data includes basic data of a plurality of the grid units; the basic data includes elevation data, land use data, soil data, meteorological data, night light data, and population and economic data; the ecosystem service supply and demand data includes ecosystem service supply and demand data of a plurality of ecosystem types, and the ecosystem service supply and demand data includes ecosystem service supply data, ecosystem service demand data, and carbon sequestration service supply and demand data, and the carbon sequestration service supply and demand data includes carbon sequestration service supply data and carbon sequestration service demand data; the land use data includes a plurality of threat factors; The spatial distance data between the plurality of grid cells are obtained, and the habitat quality service supply data of the plurality of grid cells are obtained according to the spatial distance data between the plurality of grid cells, the land use data and a preset habitat quality service supply data calculation algorithm, wherein the habitat quality service supply data calculation algorithm is: In the formula, i r,i,j is the impact parameter of the rth threat factor on the ith grid cell in the land use data corresponding to the jth grid cell, d i,j is the distance data between the jth grid cell and the ith grid cell, d rmax is the maximum action distance data of the rth threat factor, DV i is the habitat degradation degree of the i-th grid unit, B is the number of threat factors, N is the number of grids, and w r is the weight parameter of the rth threat factor, r j is the intensity parameter of the rth threat factor in the land use data corresponding to the jth grid cell, β i is the habitat anti-disturbance of the i-th grid unit, S r is the sensitivity parameter of the rth threat factor; Q i Provides data for the habitat quality service of the i-th grid cell, H i is the habitat suitability parameter of the i-th grid unit, and q is the half-saturation coefficient; According to the built-up area land proportion parameter in the land use data, the night light intensity parameter in the night light data, the population density parameter in the population and economic data, and the preset habitat quality service demand data calculation algorithm, the habitat quality service demand data of a plurality of the grid units are obtained, wherein the habitat quality service demand data calculation algorithm is: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">SBD<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> i <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> (lg(PD<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> i <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ×PBL<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> i <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ×NLI<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> i <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ) Where SBD i is the habitat quality service demand data of the i-th grid unit, PD i is the population density parameter of the i-th grid cell, PBL i is the built-up area land ratio parameter of the i-th grid unit, NLI i is the night light intensity parameter of the i-th grid unit; According to the area data of several land use types in the land use data, aboveground biomass carbon density, underground biomass carbon density, soil carbon density, dead organic matter carbon density and a preset carbon fixation service supply data calculation algorithm, the carbon fixation service supply data of several grid units are obtained, wherein the carbon fixation service supply data calculation algorithm is: In the formula, C i is the carbon sequestration service supply data of the i-th grid unit, M is the number of land use types, A i,m is the area data of the mth land use type in the ith grid cell, C i,a is the aboveground biomass carbon density of the i-th grid cell, C i,a is the aboveground biomass carbon density of the i-th grid cell, C i,b is the underground biomass carbon density of the i-th grid cell, C i,c is the soil carbon density of the ith grid cell, C i,d is the carbon density of dead organic matter in the i-th grid cell; According to the population density parameter, per capita energy consumption parameter and the preset carbon fixation service demand data calculation algorithm in the population economic data, the carbon fixation service demand data of the plurality of grid units are obtained, wherein the carbon fixation service demand data calculation algorithm is: It is i =EC i ×PD i ×C transfer In the formula, E i is the carbon sequestration service demand data of the i-th grid unit, CE i is the per capita energy consumption parameter of the i-th grid unit, PD i is the population density parameter of the i-th grid cell, C transfer is the carbon emission conversion rate; Extracting a plurality of target grid cells from a plurality of the grid cells according to the habitat quality service supply data, the habitat quality service demand data, and the carbon sequestration service supply and demand data, and constructing the ecosystem service supply and demand area of ​​the area to be treated; Obtaining ecosystem service resistance association data of a plurality of target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and obtaining ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the plurality of target grid cells according to the ecosystem service resistance association data; According to the comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of ecosystem services of several target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, ecosystem service corridor areas and ecosystem service strategic points are constructed; according to the ecosystem service supply and demand area, ecosystem service corridor areas and ecosystem service strategic points, the ecosystem service flow pattern of the area to be treated is constructed.

2. The method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecosystem service supply and demand data include soil conservation service supply and demand data, and the soil conservation service supply and demand data include carbon sequestration service supply data and soil conservation service demand data; According to the precipitation erosion factor in the meteorological data, the soil erosion factor in the soil data, the soil and water conservation measures factor, the slope and slope length factor in the height data, the vegetation coverage and management factor in the land use data and the preset soil conservation service supply data calculation algorithm, the soil conservation service supply data of the plurality of grid cells are obtained, wherein the soil conservation service supply data calculation algorithm is: SR i =(1-PLA i ×PS i )×R i ×K i ×LS i In the formula, SR i Provides data for soil conservation services in the i-th grid cell, R i is the precipitation erosivity factor of the i-th grid unit, K i is the soil erosivity factor of the i-th grid cell, LS i is the slope length factor of the i-th grid cell, PLA i is the vegetation coverage and management factor of the i-th grid unit, PS i is the soil and water conservation measure factor of the i-th grid unit; According to the precipitation erosion factor, soil erosion factor, slope length factor, vegetation coverage and management factor, soil and water conservation measures factor and the preset soil conservation service demand data calculation algorithm in the soil data, the soil conservation service demand data of the grid cells are obtained, wherein the soil conservation service demand data calculation algorithm is: USLE i =R i ×K i ×LS i ×PLA i ×PS i Where USLE i Soil conservation service demand data for the i-th grid cell.

3. The method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecosystem service supply and demand areas include ecosystem service supply areas and ecosystem service demand areas; The method of extracting a plurality of target grid cells from a plurality of grid cells according to the ecosystem service supply and demand data to construct the ecosystem service supply and demand area of ​​the area to be processed comprises the following steps: According to the ecosystem service supply and demand data of several ecosystem types in the ecosystem service supply and demand data and a preset ecosystem service supply and demand ratio calculation algorithm, the ecosystem service supply and demand ratio of several ecosystem types of several grid units is obtained, wherein the service supply and demand ratio calculation algorithm is: Where, ESDR i,l is the ecosystem service supply-demand ratio of the lth ecosystem type in the ith grid cell, S i,l The ecosystem service supply data for the lth ecosystem type in the ith grid cell, D i,l The ecosystem service demand data of the lth ecosystem type in the ith grid cell; According to the ecosystem service supply-demand ratio of several ecosystem types in several grid cells and a preset ecosystem service comprehensive supply-demand ratio calculation algorithm, the ecosystem service comprehensive supply-demand ratio of several grid cells is obtained, wherein the ecosystem service comprehensive supply-demand ratio calculation algorithm is: Where, CESD i is the comprehensive supply-demand ratio of ecosystem services in the i-th grid unit, and L is the number of ecosystem types; Using the natural breakpoint method, according to the comprehensive supply and demand ratio of ecosystem services of the plurality of grid units, the plurality of grid units are divided into supply and demand ratio grades to obtain supply and demand ratio grade data of the plurality of grid units, wherein the supply and demand ratio grade data includes an extremely high supply grade and an extremely high demand grade; Several grid cells whose supply-demand ratio level data are extremely high supply levels and extremely high demand levels are taken as target grid cells, and several target grid cells whose supply-demand ratio level data are extremely high supply levels are combined to construct the ecosystem service supply area, and several target grid cells whose supply-demand ratio level data are extremely high demand levels are combined to construct the ecosystem service demand area, wherein the ecosystem service supply area includes several ecosystem service supply patches, and the ecosystem service demand area includes several ecosystem service demand patches.

4. The method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The ecosystem service resistance association data includes several different types of ecosystem service resistance factors; The method of obtaining the comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of ecosystem services of a plurality of target grid cells according to the ecosystem service resistance association data comprises the following steps: Obtain resistance values ​​corresponding to several different types of ecosystem service resistance factors of several target grid cells according to the ecosystem service resistance association data of several target grid cells and the corresponding relationship between several different types of ecosystem service resistance factors and corresponding ecosystem service resistance values ​​in a preset ecosystem service resistance factor corresponding table; According to the resistance values ​​corresponding to the different types of ecosystem service resistance factors of the target grid cells and the preset ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance value calculation algorithm, the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the target grid cells are obtained, wherein the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance value calculation algorithm is: Where, CF i is the comprehensive transmission resistance value of ecosystem services, n is the number of ecosystem service resistance factors, α k is the resistance value corresponding to the ecosystem service resistance factor of the kth type, f k is the weight parameter of the k-th type of ecosystem service resistance factor.

5. The method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ecosystem service flow pattern includes ecosystem service supply and demand areas, ecosystem service corridor areas, and ecosystem service strategic points; The method of constructing an ecosystem service corridor area and an ecosystem service strategic point according to the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of a plurality of target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area comprises the following steps: Taking a number of ecosystem service supply patches and ecosystem service demand patches in the ecosystem service supply and demand area as patches to be analyzed, adopting the minimum cost path method, and obtaining the minimum cumulative resistance value between the patches to be analyzed according to the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the target grid units of the patches to be analyzed; According to the minimum cumulative resistance value between the plurality of patches to be analyzed and a preset resistance threshold, a plurality of target patch combinations are obtained, and according to the plurality of target patch combinations, an ecosystem service corridor area of ​​the area to be processed is constructed; By adopting a circuit simulation method, the ecosystem service strategic points in the ecosystem service corridor area are identified according to the ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of a plurality of the target grid cells in the ecosystem service corridor area.

6. An ecosystem service flow pattern construction device, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module is used to obtain the area to be processed and basic data, wherein the area to be processed includes a plurality of grid units, and the basic data includes basic data of a plurality of the grid units; the basic data includes elevation data, land use data, soil data, meteorological data, night light data, and population and economic data; the ecosystem service supply and demand data includes ecosystem service supply and demand data of a plurality of ecosystem types, and the ecosystem service supply and demand data includes ecosystem service supply data, ecosystem service demand data, and carbon sequestration service supply and demand data, and the carbon sequestration service supply and demand data includes carbon sequestration service supply data and carbon sequestration service demand data; the land use data includes a plurality of threat factors; The ecosystem service evaluation module is used to obtain the spatial distance data between the plurality of grid cells, and obtain the habitat quality service supply data of the plurality of grid cells according to the spatial distance data between the plurality of grid cells, the land use data and the preset habitat quality service supply data calculation algorithm, wherein the habitat quality service supply data calculation algorithm is: In the formula, ir,i, j is the impact parameter of the rth threat factor on the ith grid cell in the land use data corresponding to the jth grid cell, di, j is the distance data between the jth grid unit and the ith grid unit, drmax is the maximum action distance data of the rth threat factor, DV i is the habitat degradation degree of the i-th grid unit, B is the number of threat factors, N is the number of grids, wr is the weight parameter of the r-th threat factor, r j is the intensity parameter of the rth threat factor in the land use data corresponding to the jth grid cell, β i is the habitat anti-disturbance of the i-th grid unit, S r is the sensitivity parameter of the rth threat factor; Q i Provides data for the habitat quality service of the i-th grid cell, H i is the habitat suitability parameter of the i-th grid unit, and q is the half-saturation coefficient; According to the built-up area land proportion parameter in the land use data, the night light intensity parameter in the night light data, the population density parameter in the population and economic data, and the preset habitat quality service demand data calculation algorithm, the habitat quality service demand data of a plurality of the grid units are obtained, wherein the habitat quality service demand data calculation algorithm is: SBD,=lg(PD,×PBL,i×NLI;) Where SBD i is the habitat quality service demand data of the i-th grid unit, PD i is the population density parameter of the i-th grid cell, PBL i is the built-up area land ratio parameter of the i-th grid unit, NLI i is the night light intensity parameter of the i-th grid unit; According to the area data of several land use types in the land use data, aboveground biomass carbon density, underground biomass carbon density, soil carbon density, dead organic matter carbon density and a preset carbon fixation service supply data calculation algorithm, the carbon fixation service supply data of several grid units are obtained, wherein the carbon fixation service supply data calculation algorithm is: In the formula, C i is the carbon sequestration service supply data of the i-th grid unit, M is the number of land use types, A i,m is the area data of the mth land use type in the ith grid cell, C i,a is the aboveground biomass carbon density of the i-th grid cell, C i,a is the aboveground biomass carbon density of the i-th grid cell, C i,b is the underground biomass carbon density of the i-th grid cell, C i,c is the soil carbon density of the ith grid cell, C i,d is the carbon density of dead organic matter in the i-th grid cell; According to the population density parameter, per capita energy consumption parameter and the preset carbon fixation service demand data calculation algorithm in the population economic data, the carbon fixation service demand data of the plurality of grid units are obtained, wherein the carbon fixation service demand data calculation algorithm is: E,=CEi×PDi×CCtransfer In the formula, E i is the carbon sequestration service demand data of the i-th grid unit, CE i is the per capita energy consumption parameter of the i-th grid unit, PD i is the population density parameter of the i-th grid cell, Ctransfe r is the carbon emission conversion rate; A supply and demand area construction module is used to extract a plurality of target grid cells from a plurality of grid cells according to the habitat quality service supply data, the habitat quality service demand data and the carbon sequestration service supply and demand data, and construct the ecosystem service supply and demand area of ​​the area to be processed; A comprehensive transmission resistance value calculation module is used to obtain ecosystem service resistance association data of a plurality of target grid cells in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and obtain ecosystem service comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of the plurality of target grid cells according to the ecosystem service resistance association data; The ecosystem service flow pattern construction module is used to construct ecosystem service corridor areas and ecosystem service strategic points according to the comprehensive transmission resistance values ​​of ecosystem services of several target grid units in the ecosystem service supply and demand area, and to construct the ecosystem service flow pattern of the area to be processed according to the ecosystem service supply and demand area, the ecosystem service corridor area and the ecosystem service strategic points.

7. A computer device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for constructing an ecosystem service flow pattern as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

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