Cell breeding air suction seed metering device and seed metering method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of seeding technical field, more particularly to a kind of plot breeding air suction seed metering device and its seed metering method.The seed metering device includes rear plate, rear plate front end is provided with wheel groove, wheel groove is rotationally arranged with seed metering disc, seed metering disc rear end is rotationally sealed with rear plate, seed metering disc is uniformly distributed with multiple groups of adsorption holes on circumference, rear plate front side is installed with front plate, its characterized in that, front plate right end is fixed with seed tube, seed tube lower end is provided with seed bin communicated therewith, seed bin is overall wedge-shaped, seed bin rear end is opened, seed bin rear end is slidably contacted with seed metering disc front end, seed bin front side can be opened and allow excess seed in seed bin to discharge.The present application can effectively solve the problem of often occurring in plot breeding process of the test seed with small amount, seed cleaning, seed replacement do not affect each other, improve the precision of sowing, adjacent small field between passageway is neat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seeding technology, specifically to a small-plot breeding air suction seed metering device and its seed metering method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, while my country's grain seed breeding technology is developing rapidly, the research and development of related breeding equipment is relatively lagging behind, especially in the area of ​​plot sowing. As machinery used by research institutes and universities for breeding experiments, plot sowing machines require increasingly higher standards for sowing quality and automation. Existing field seeders, due to their long sowing distances, struggle to quickly change varieties and have low controllability, failing to meet the functional requirements of current breeding practices. Manual sowing, on the other hand, is labor-intensive and inefficient, severely impacting the breeding process and work efficiency.

[0003] Different from large-scale field production, plot sowing involves planting small areas through a well-designed experimental layout. Seeders specifically designed for this type of small-area sowing are called plot sowing machines. Plot sowing machines belong to the category of field experimental machinery. In agricultural research activities, field trials are frequently encountered, such as various field comparison trials, variety comparison yield assessments, and so on. Researchers, especially those involved in breeding new crop varieties, often need to modularize the field management, observation, and recording of experimental plots according to different types.

[0004] The area of ​​a plot typically ranges from 5 to 30 square meters, with walkways between plots spaced 50 to 100 centimeters apart. The width of the plot is determined based on both the cutting width of the combine harvester and local testing requirements; for long, narrow plots, the length-to-width ratio is usually 2:1 to 5:1. The length of a plot is generally around 3 to 10 meters, with the longest not exceeding 20 meters.

[0005] Because each experiment has a different protocol, the number of seedlings in each plot varies depending on the experimental requirements, thus the seed quantity used in each plot also differs. This is determined by the experimental protocol. Given the fluctuating seeding rate in each plot, it is crucial to ensure that the prepared, prescribed quantity of seeds is evenly and completely sown within the corresponding plot, and seeds cannot be sown into adjacent plots. This is a fundamental requirement for plot sowing. Ordinary seeders used in production cannot meet these basic technical requirements for plot sowing. A research institution typically conducts anywhere from four or five hundred to several thousand plots annually.

[0006] Without a seed drill, the only option is to manually open furrows, mark the planting areas, manually sow a fixed amount of seeds in the furrows, and then manually cover with soil. This is labor-intensive, prone to human error in sowing, and results in poor sowing quality, directly affecting the accuracy of the experiment.

[0007] Small-plot sowing places specific technical requirements on the seeder. First, the measured amount of seed material must be evenly and completely sown within the defined plot row length, ensuring quantitative sowing. Second, seeds of different varieties must not remain in the seed box or seed metering device to avoid seed mixing, a process known as zero mixing. Third, no seeds should be missed during small-plot sowing. Fourth, the seeder must maintain continuous sowing during operation, without interrupting seed clearing and replacement between plots; this is essential for its practical effectiveness. Continuous seed clearing and replacement means that the seeder's seed metering disc must be constantly rotating, without any brief stops, to complete the seed clearing and replacement operations.

[0008] Existing negative pressure seed metering devices have a relatively simple structure, all of which use a specific negative pressure zone. After leaving the negative pressure zone, the seeds fall into the field, resulting in poor adaptability of the seed metering device to the seeding speed. The speed of high-speed seed metering operations is limited, especially when the reserved interval passage between plots is narrow. It is not possible to accurately separate the passages, nor can it achieve rapid seed replacement, rapid seed preparation, and accurate seeding across plots.

[0009] Patent application number 2017206682910, entitled "Dual-Cavity Precision Seed Meter for Crop Breeding Experiments," discloses a dual-cavity precision seed metering device that ensures no missed sowing when seed quantity is low during crop breeding experiment sowing operations, and that seed filling and clearing do not interfere with each other. In this device, the seeder moves forward, and a chain drives a sprocket on the outside of the negative pressure housing, which is keyed to the seed metering shaft, to rotate. This, in turn, causes the seed metering disc fixing plate to rotate, resulting in the rotation of the seed metering disc and the seed stirring disc fixedly connected to it. The sowing distance is determined by the spacing between adjacent through holes on the seed metering disc. However, in actual breeding experiments, to obtain the optimal spacing for crop growth, seeds in multiple small plots need to maintain different sowing spacings. After harvest, the yields of each small plot are compared to determine the suitable spacing for crop production. This seed metering device is inconvenient for adjusting the sowing distance. This seed metering device, under the negative pressure of the negative pressure guide ring, makes it easier for seeds to adhere to the through holes of the seed metering disc. As the seed metering disc rotates and reaches the bottom of the seed metering housing along the seed transport chamber, the seeds fall from the bottom outlet due to the absence of pressure from the negative pressure guide ring, thus initiating the sowing process. This seed metering device requires a negative pressure fan connected to the air pipe connection pipe on the negative pressure housing via an air duct to provide negative pressure for seed metering. Since negative pressure is required during the seed metering process, the fan needs to provide negative pressure not only to the housing but also to the negative pressure guide ring, thus requiring a relatively high fan power.

[0010] This seed metering device, under the negative pressure of the negative pressure guide ring, makes it easier for seeds to adhere to the through holes of the seed metering disc. As the seed metering disc rotates and reaches the bottom of the seed metering shell along the seed transport chamber, the seeds fall through the bottom outlet due to the absence of pressure from the negative pressure guide ring, thus initiating the sowing process. The starting end of the seed transport chamber is connected to the seed filling chamber, and the ending end is connected to the seed discharge outlet. However, in existing technologies, the seed metering disc needs to rotate half a revolution or more before discharging the seeds. Therefore, the time it takes for the seeds to be attracted and moved to the seed discharge outlet is relatively long, resulting in a longer initial sowing distance when sowing in small fields.

[0011] When multiple small plots are sown consecutively, automatic seed changing is performed to improve sowing efficiency. That is, after one small plot is sown, automatic seed cleaning and filling operations are performed. For example, if there are two adjacent small plots, plot 1 and plot 2, when sowing is completed in plot 1, in order to reduce the starting distance for sowing in plot 2, the seed metering device needs to complete the seed changing operation as it passes through the interval between plots 1 and 2.

[0012] In the final stage of sowing in a small plot, seed cleaning, seed replacement, and seed preparation can only be carried out after the last sowing is completed; otherwise, missed sowing may occur. This requires the seeds suctioned from the seed filling chamber to be discharged from the bottom of the seed metering shell via a rotating seed metering disc. When using this seeder, if the interval between plot 1 and plot 2 is small, and the sowing distance in plot 2 is large, the seeder in plot 1 needs to simultaneously complete the sowing of plot 1, while also cleaning, replacing, and preparing seeds. Under these conditions, the seed metering disc must be constantly rotating.

[0013] To complete seed cleaning and replacement, seeds from plot 1 need to be rapidly discharged and collected through the seed cleaning tube from the seed filling chamber, with a certain time interval. Then, seeds from plot 2 are transported to the seed filling chamber from an external seed storage device. After the last required seeds from plot 1 are absorbed into the seed discharging tray, seed cleaning should be completed within one sowing interval. Replacement should begin at the designated time, and the replacement time should also be controlled within one sowing interval. Seed cleaning and replacement cannot be performed simultaneously. To ensure complete cleaning of seeds from plot 1 and prevent seeds from plot 2 from being discharged during seed cleaning, at least one sowing interval is required between the seed cleaning and replacement processes. Furthermore, replacement must be completed within one sowing interval. The individual sowing interval should be coordinated with the tractor speed to control the planting spacing. The individual sowing interval should also not be too short.

[0014] Seed replacement and seed preparation cannot be carried out simultaneously to avoid seed mixing and ensure the completeness of seed preparation. To shorten the time for seed replacement and seed preparation, existing technologies all adopt a seed filling chamber design. This reduces the time it takes for seeds to fall from the seed storage device into the seed filling chamber and also meets the requirements for rapid switching, thus avoiding seed mixing.

[0015] Furthermore, the above-mentioned method requires negative pressure suction during seed cleaning, which increases energy consumption. This method operates while the seed metering device is continuously moving with the tractor, resulting in numerous working steps, a complex structure, a high failure rate, and high energy consumption. It also makes precise seeding difficult to control and still cannot meet the requirements of short field spacing and high seeding precision.

[0016] The seed metering disc in this system is constantly running until the seeds are fully sown. This causes seeds entering the next small plot to also be drawn in and moved by the seed metering disc, preventing the seeds in the next small plot from being accurately sown within the narrow aisle design in a short time. Under conventional technical conditions, this places higher demands on rapid seed cleaning, seed replacement, and seed preparation.

[0017] Furthermore, during the continuous rotation of the seed metering disc and the seed changing process, seeds fall into the seed filling chamber. The falling seeds impact the filling chamber, or the rotating seed metering disc causes the seeds to move, meaning the disc cannot guarantee the effective absorption of moving seeds. This makes it impossible to ensure the correct initial sowing position in plot number two. Simultaneously, because the rotational speed of the seed metering disc is related to the tractor's travel speed, and due to errors in tractor speed control and the impact of the tractor's travel distance on the less-than-ideally level field on the disc's rotation angle, the seed metering disc cannot rotate ideally to achieve the correct correspondence between the ideal sowing position and the holes on the disc.

[0018] Finally, during the movement of the seed metering device, it is required to maintain a constant alignment with the position of the plot to meet the requirements of precise sowing. This necessitates that the forward distance of the seed metering device and the rotation speed of the seed metering disc be uniformly coordinated. In existing technologies, the sowing time and seed preparation / change time are long. When the intervals between small fields are short, arbitrarily stopping the rotation of the seed metering disc can easily lead to a mismatch between the forward distance of the seed metering device and the rotation position of the seed metering disc. This results in inaccurate sowing and uneven field aisles. Summary of the Invention

[0019] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is a small-plot breeding air suction seed meter that has a simple structure, high sowing precision, can reduce the sowing distance, and facilitates seed cleaning after sowing.

[0020] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0021] A seed metering device for small-scale breeding includes a rear plate with a wheel groove at the front end. A seed metering disc is rotatably mounted in the wheel groove, and the rear end of the seed metering disc is rotatably and sealingly connected to the rear plate. Multiple sets of adsorption holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the seed metering disc. A front plate is installed on the front side of the rear plate, and a seed inlet pipe is fixed to the right end of the front plate. A seed chamber is connected to the lower end of the seed inlet pipe. The seed chamber is wedge-shaped with an opening at the rear end. The rear end of the seed chamber slides in contact with the front end of the seed metering disc. The front side of the seed chamber can be opened to allow excess seeds in the seed chamber to be discharged. A vertical seeding channel is opened at the rear end of the front plate, located to the right of the rotating shaft of the seed metering disc. An inlet hole is opened at the upper end of the seeding channel facing the side of the seed inlet pipe. An arc-shaped groove is opened on the rear plate behind the seed metering disc. The lower end of the arc-shaped groove corresponds to the seed chamber, and the upper end of the arc-shaped groove corresponds to the upper end of the seeding channel. An air duct connected to the arc-shaped groove is fixed on the rear plate, and the adsorption holes correspond to the arc-shaped groove along the movement trajectory of the seed metering disc.

[0022] Specifically, the seed bin includes two symmetrically arranged side baffles. The upper end of the side baffles is fixedly connected to the lower end of the seed inlet tube. Seed dispensing plates are provided on the front side of the two side baffles. The seed dispensing plates are in contact with the front end of the side baffles. A rotating shaft is fixed on the upper end of the seed dispensing plates. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bracket. The bracket is fixed on the front plate. The seed inlet tube is fixedly connected to the bracket. A drive mechanism for driving the seed dispensing plates to rotate around the rotating shaft is provided at the front end of the seed inlet tube.

[0023] Specifically, the driving mechanism includes an electromagnetic push rod fixed to the front end of the seed inlet tube, a pin rotatably connected to the telescopic rod of the electromagnetic push rod, a support rod fixed to the front end of the seed metering plate, and a long groove opened on the support rod, through which the pin passes.

[0024] Specifically, a guide plate is provided inside the inlet hole. The upper end of the guide plate is inclined to the side away from the seeding channel, the lower end of the guide plate is fixedly connected to the front plate, and the guide plate slides in contact with the seed metering disc.

[0025] Specifically, a seeding tube communicating with the seeding channel is fixed at the lower end of the front plate.

[0026] Specifically, the seed metering disc is driven by a servo motor.

[0027] Specifically, the duct is connected to the exhaust fan.

[0028] This invention also provides a seed metering method for the above-mentioned air-suction seed metering device for small-scale breeding:

[0029] When small-plot breeding is required, a small quantity of experimental seeds is fed into the seed bin through the seed inlet tube. The seed metering disc rotates at the starting distance of the plot. When one of the adsorption holes moves to the rear of the seed bin, negative pressure is created in the arc-shaped groove, connecting the adsorption hole to the lower end of the groove. The adsorption hole adsorbs the seeds in the seed bin, and the adsorbed seeds rotate with the seed metering disc. After the adsorbed seeds pass through the inlet into the seeding channel, the adsorption hole and the upper end of the arc-shaped groove are misaligned, and the adsorption hole loses its adsorption effect. The seeds fall along the seeding channel under gravity and are discharged into the furrows. Simultaneously, the last seed sown in the plot is adsorbed into the adsorption hole, and the front of the seed bin can be opened to allow excess seeds to be discharged. When the sowing length is reached, the previous plot is sown. The seed metering device continues to move forward, the seed metering disc temporarily stops, and one of the adsorption holes on the seed metering disc is positioned behind the seed bin. Seeds for the next plot fall into the seed bin from an external seed storage device. This process is repeated until all plots are sown.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. This invention can effectively solve the problem of missed sowing that often occurs in the process of small-scale breeding of experimental seeds. Seed cleaning and seed replacement do not affect each other, improve sowing accuracy, and make the passageways between adjacent plots neat.

[0032] 2. This invention reduces the length of the arc-shaped groove, enabling seed metering to be completed in a single operation with a smaller rotation angle of the seed metering disc, thus shortening the seeding time. This significantly reduced seeding time allows for more time for seed changing and preparation, thereby reducing the initial sowing distance. When multiple small fields are sown consecutively, the initial sowing distance and the interval between adjacent small fields can be reduced.

[0033] 3. By setting up a separate seed bin, when a small amount of seeds are put into the seed bin, the seed bin can gather the small amount of seeds and bring the seeds in the seed bin close to the adsorption holes of the seed bin. This allows the adsorption holes of the seed bin to effectively and quickly adsorb the seeds in the seed bin, preventing the phenomenon of empty holes during the sowing process.

[0034] 4. The seed chamber is equipped with an openable seed metering plate. When seed cleaning is required, the electromagnetic push rod can be activated to open the seed metering plate. After the seed metering plate is opened, all the seeds in the seed chamber can be quickly discharged, which can reduce the seed changing time and facilitate seed cleaning operations. During continuous sowing of various seeds, it can prevent the mixing of different varieties of seeds.

[0035] 5. No negative pressure is required during the seed cleaning process, which reduces energy consumption.

[0036] 6. The seed metering disc is driven by a servo motor to rotate. While ensuring that the overall speed of the seeder remains constant, the seeding spacing can be changed by changing the rotation speed of the seed metering disc through the servo motor, which has a wide range of applications.

[0037] 7. This seed metering device has high seeding accuracy, short seed changing time, and short starting distance, thus reducing the distance between adjacent small fields and enabling the experimental fields to be fully utilized.

[0038] 8. Sow seeds quantitatively according to the required amount in the experiment within the specified area. It should have self-cleaning capability without stopping the machine to prevent the mixing of varieties between plots. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a right view of the connection structure between the seed metering plate and the support rod.

[0041] Figure 3 This is the right view of the front panel.

[0042] Figure 4 This is the rear view of the front panel.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the seeding tray and the back plate.

[0044] The names of the parts in the attached diagram are:

[0045] 1. Rear plate; 2. Seed metering tray; 3. Adsorption hole; 4. Front plate; 5. Seed feeding tube; 6. Support; 7. Seed inlet tube; 8. Side baffle; 9. Seed metering plate; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Electromagnetic push rod; 12. Support rod; 13. Long groove; 14. Inlet hole; 15. Guide plate; 16. Seed feeding channel; 17. Arc groove; 18. Air duct. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0047] Reference Figures 1-5 As shown, a small-area breeding air suction seed metering device includes a rear plate 1. The front end of the rear plate 1 has a wheel groove, and a seed metering disc 2 is rotatably arranged in the wheel groove. The seed metering disc 2 is driven by a servo motor. The rear end of the seed metering disc 2 is rotatably and sealed to the rear plate 1. Multiple sets of adsorption holes 3 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the seed metering disc 2.

[0048] A front plate 4 is installed on the front side of the rear plate 1. A seed inlet tube 7 is fixed to the right end of the front plate 4, and a seed chamber communicating with the lower end of the seed inlet tube 7 is provided. The seed chamber is wedge-shaped, with an opening at the rear end. The rear end of the seed chamber slides in contact with the front end of the seed metering tray 2. The front side of the seed chamber can be opened to allow excess seeds in the seed chamber to be discharged. The seed chamber includes two side baffles 8 arranged symmetrically on the left and right. The upper end of the side baffles 8 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the seed inlet tube 7. A seed metering plate 9 is provided on the front side of the two side baffles 8. The seed metering plate 9 contacts the front end of the side baffles 8. A rotating shaft 10 is fixed to the upper end of the seed metering plate 9. The rotating shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the bracket 6. The bracket 6 is fixed on the front plate 4. The seed inlet tube 7 is fixedly connected to the bracket 6. A drive mechanism for driving the seed metering plate 9 to rotate around the rotating shaft 10 is provided at the front end of the seed inlet tube 7.

[0049] The driving mechanism includes an electromagnetic push rod 11 fixed at the front end of the seed inlet tube 7. A pin is rotatably connected to the telescopic rod of the electromagnetic push rod 11. A support rod 12 is fixed at the front end of the seed metering plate 9. A long groove 13 is opened on the support rod 12, and the pin passes through the long groove 13.

[0050] A vertical seeding channel 16 is provided at the rear end of the front plate 4, and a seeding tube 5 communicating with the seeding channel 16 is fixed at the lower end of the front plate 4. Figure 1 As shown, the seeding channel 16 is located to the right of the rotation axis of the seed metering disc 2, and an inlet hole 14 is provided on the upper end of the seeding channel 16 facing the seed inlet tube 7. A guide plate 15 is provided in the inlet hole 14. The upper end of the guide plate 15 is inclined to the side away from the seeding channel 16, the lower end of the guide plate 15 is fixedly connected to the front plate 4, and the guide plate 15 is in sliding contact with the seed metering disc 2.

[0051] An arc-shaped groove 17 is provided on the rear plate 1 behind the seed metering tray 2. The lower end of the arc-shaped groove 17 corresponds to the seed bin, and the upper end of the arc-shaped groove 17 corresponds to the upper end of the seeding channel 16. An air duct 18 connected to the arc-shaped groove 17 is fixed on the rear plate 1. The air duct 18 is connected to the exhaust fan. The adsorption hole 3 corresponds to the arc-shaped groove 17 along the movement trajectory of the seed metering tray 2.

[0052] When small-scale seed breeding is required, a small quantity of experimental seeds is fed into the seed bin through the seed inlet tube 7. The seed bin can gather the small quantity of experimental seeds. Then, the exhaust fan is turned on, and negative pressure is generated in the arc-shaped groove 17 after the exhaust fan is turned on. During the sowing process, the servo motor is driven, which drives the seed metering disc 2 to rotate. When the adsorption hole 3 moves to the rear of the seed bin, the adsorption hole 3 is connected to the lower end of the arc-shaped groove 17. Outside air flows sequentially through the adsorption hole 3, the arc-shaped groove 17, the air duct 18, and the exhaust fan. At this time, the adsorption hole 3 can adsorb the seeds in the seed bin, and the adsorbed seeds will rotate together with the seed metering disc 2.

[0053] When the seeds adsorbed by the adsorption hole 3 enter the seeding channel 16 through the inlet hole 14, the upper end of the adsorption hole 3 and the arc groove 17 are misaligned. The adsorption hole 3 loses its adsorption effect on the seeds, and the seeds will fall along the seeding channel 16 under the action of gravity and be discharged into the furrows of the land through the seeding tube 5.

[0054] By reducing the length of the arc-shaped groove 17, a single seeding operation can be achieved with a smaller rotation angle of the seed metering disc 2, thereby reducing the initial sowing distance. By setting up a separate seed bin, when a small amount of seeds is placed in the seed bin, the bin can gather the seeds and bring them close to the adsorption holes 3 at the rear of the seed bin. This allows the adsorption holes 3 to effectively and quickly adsorb the seeds in the seed bin, preventing empty spaces during sowing.

[0055] After the seeds from the last sowing in the seed bin are adsorbed by the adsorption holes 3, seed cleaning is performed. Since the seed bin is equipped with an openable seed dispensing plate 9, when seed cleaning is needed, the electromagnetic push rod 11 can be activated, causing the seed dispensing plate 9 to rotate around the shaft 10 and open the seed bin. Once the seed dispensing plate 9 is open, all the seeds in the seed bin can be discharged, facilitating seed cleaning and preventing the mixing of different varieties during continuous sowing of various seeds. A collection box for collecting excess seeds can be installed below the seed bin; the excess seeds will fall into the collection box after the seed dispensing plate 9 is opened.

[0056] This invention reduces the length of the arc-shaped groove 17, enabling a single seeding operation with a smaller rotation angle of the seed metering disc 2, thus shortening the seeding time. This significantly reduced seeding time allows for more time for seed changing and preparation, thereby reducing the initial sowing distance. When multiple plots are sown consecutively, the initial sowing distance and the interval between adjacent plots can be reduced.

[0057] The seed cleaning process does not require negative pressure, has low power requirements for the fan, and can reduce energy consumption.

[0058] The seed metering disc 2 is driven to rotate by a servo motor. While ensuring that the overall speed of the seeder remains constant, the rotation speed of the seed metering disc 2 can be changed by the servo motor to change the seeding spacing. This method is suitable for sowing different types of seeds and has a wide range of applications.

[0059] While the seeds sown for the last time in the previous plot are adsorbed into the adsorption hole 3, the front of the seed bin can be opened to allow excess seeds to be discharged. After the previous plot is sown, during the seed cleaning and replacement process between multiple plots, the tractor is constantly moving, and the servo motor and seed metering disc 2 can be temporarily stopped. At this time, one adsorption hole 3 on the seed metering disc 2 is located at the rear of the seed bin. After the seeds fall into the seed bin from the external seed holder, the seed metering disc 2 is restarted to rotate. This avoids the problem of incomplete seed cleaning in the seed bin when the seed metering disc 2 is constantly running, and the situation where seeds cannot be accurately sown according to the plot spacing requirements after entering the seed bin. When seeds fall into the seed bin, they are prone to collision, resulting in an inconsistent number of seeds adsorbed by the seed metering disc 2. When the seed metering disc 2 is constantly moving, the seeds are sown as soon as they enter the seed bin, which cannot adapt to the requirements of different plot spacings. Because the servo motor shortens the seeding time, it further advances the seed cleaning and replacement time, and the time and distance that the seed metering device can adjust are more ample, which can improve the sowing accuracy of the seed metering device.

[0060] This seed metering device features a short seed changing time and short sowing distance, thus reducing the distance between adjacent plots and ensuring full utilization of the experimental field. The servo motor's temporary pause eliminates errors in the seed metering disc's rotation angle caused by tractor speed and distance, effectively controlling the correspondence between the adsorption holes on the seed metering disc and the sowing position, resulting in neat and aligned passageways between adjacent plots.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cell breeding air suction seed metering device, comprising a back plate (1), a wheel groove is formed in the front end of the back plate (1), a seed metering disc (2) is rotatably arranged in the wheel groove, the rear end of the seed metering disc (2) is rotatably and sealingly connected with the back plate (1), a plurality of groups of suction holes (3) are uniformly arranged on the seed metering disc (2), a front plate (4) is installed on the front side of the back plate (1), characterized in that, The front plate (4) is fixed with an inlet tube (7) at the right end, and the lower end of the inlet tube (7) is provided with a seed bin in communication therewith. The seed bin is in the shape of a wedge as a whole, and the rear end of the seed bin is open. The rear end of the seed bin is in sliding contact with the front end of the seed plate (2). The front side of the seed bin is openable and allows the excess seeds in the seed bin to be discharged. The rear end of the front plate (4) is provided with a vertical seed dropping channel (16). The seed dropping channel (16) is located at the right side of the rotating shaft of the seed plate (2). The upper end of the seed dropping channel (16) is provided with an inlet hole (14) towards the side of the inlet tube (7). The rear plate (1) at the rear side of the seed plate (2) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (17). The lower end of the arc-shaped groove (17) corresponds to the seed bin, and the upper end of the arc-shaped groove (17) corresponds to the upper end of the seed dropping channel (16). The rear plate (1) is fixed with an air pipe (18) in communication with the arc-shaped groove (17). The suction hole (3) corresponds to the arc-shaped groove (17) along the movement track of the seed plate (2).

2. The pneumatic seed meter of claim 1, wherein: The seed bin comprises two left and right symmetrical side baffles (8). The upper end of the side baffle (8) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the inlet tube (7). The front side of the two side baffles (8) is provided with a seed plate (9). The seed plate (9) is in contact with the front end of the side baffle (8). The upper end of the seed plate (9) is fixed with a rotating shaft (10). The rotating shaft (10) is rotatably connected with a support (6). The support (6) is fixed on the front plate (4). The inlet tube (7) is fixedly connected with the support (6). The front end of the inlet tube (7) is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the seed plate (9) to rotate around the rotating shaft (10).

3. The pneumatic seed meter of claim 2, wherein: The driving mechanism comprises an electromagnetic push rod (11) fixed at the front end of the inlet tube (7). A pin shaft is rotatably connected on the telescopic rod of the electromagnetic push rod (11). The front end of the seed plate (9) is fixed with a support rod (12). The support rod (12) is provided with a long slot (13). The pin shaft penetrates through the long slot (13).

4. The pneumatic seed meter of claim 1, wherein: The seed plate (2) is driven by a servo motor.

5. The pneumatic seed meter of claim 1, wherein: The air pipe (18) is in communication with an air extractor.

6. The seed metering method of a plot breeding air seed meter according to claim 1, wherein, When small plot breeding is needed, a small amount of test seeds is put into the seed bin through the inlet tube (7) to reach the seed plate (2) at the starting distance of the plot for rotation. When a suction hole (3) moves to the rear side of the seed bin, the arc-shaped groove (17) is under negative pressure. The suction hole (3) is in communication with the lower end of the arc-shaped groove (17). The suction hole (3) absorbs the seeds in the seed bin. The absorbed seeds will rotate together with the seed plate (2). When the seeds absorbed by the suction hole (3) enter the seed dropping channel (16) through the inlet hole (14), the suction hole (3) is dislocated from the upper end of the arc-shaped groove (17). The suction hole (3) loses the adsorption effect on the seeds. The seeds will fall along the seed dropping channel (16) under the action of gravity and be discharged into the ridge ditch of the land. The last time the seed in the cell is adsorbed to the adsorption hole (3) at the same time, the seed bin front side can be opened and the excess seed in the seed bin is discharged; When the seeding length is reached, the last small field is completed, the seed metering device is always advancing, the seed metering disc (2) is temporarily stopped, and the adsorption hole (3) on the seed metering disc (2) is at the rear side of the seed bin, and the seed of the next small field is dropped into the seed bin by the external seed storage device; So repeat, complete all small field seeding.

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