Full-automatic crop straw cleaning and pulverizing machine

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of straw pulverizer, and particularly relates to a full-automatic cleaning and pulverizing machine for crop straw, which comprises a rack, a motor, a pulverizing cylinder and a pulverizing cutter group. The pulverizing cylinder is in the form of an open-top barrel structure. The pulverizing cutter group is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the pulverizing cylinder and is driven to rotate by the motor. The sidewall of the pulverizing cylinder is provided with a discharge port. A scraping assembly and a sliding mechanism are additionally arranged in the pulverizing cylinder. The scraping assembly is tightly attached to the inner wall of the pulverizing cylinder. The scraping assembly has the freedom of rotation around the axis of the pulverizing cylinder by means of the sliding mechanism. The centrifugal force generated during the pulverization of the straw impacts the scraping assembly. The force generated when the straw impacts the scraping assembly drives the scraping assembly to rotate. The present application adds the scraping assembly with the freedom of rotation. The force generated during the rotation of the straw impacts the scraping assembly and forms a thrust force, so that the scraping assembly rotates. The straw residues on the inner wall of the pulverizing cylinder are scraped off by the rotation of the scraping assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of straw crushers, specifically relating to a fully automatic crop straw cleaning and crushing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Crop straw can be used for various purposes such as straw return to the field and straw feed. Before using straw, it is usually necessary to crush the crop straw first. Currently, straw crushing is mostly done using straw crushers.

[0003] However, due to differences in crop variety and maturity, some crop straw contains a lot of sugar and moisture. During the crushing process, the sugar and moisture seep out, causing some of the crushed straw to stick to the inner wall of the crusher. At the same time, due to centrifugal force, a large amount of crushed straw will settle and stick to the side wall of the crushing chamber where the crushing blades are located, hindering the rotation speed of the crushing blades and affecting the crushing quality of the straw. This requires the staff to turn off the motor and clean the inner wall of the crusher every once in a while, which increases the workload of the staff and accelerates the aging of the motor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a fully automatic crop straw cleaning and crushing machine. By adding a scraping component with rotational freedom, the force generated during the rotation of the straw impacts the scraping component and forms a thrust, thereby causing the scraping component to rotate. The rotation of the scraping component scrapes off the straw residue from the inner wall of the crushing cylinder.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] An automatic crop straw cleaning and crushing machine includes a frame, a motor, a crushing cylinder, and a crushing blade assembly. The crushing cylinder has an open-top barrel-shaped structure. The crushing blade assembly is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the crushing cylinder and is driven to rotate by the motor. A discharge port is provided on the side wall of the crushing cylinder. A scraping assembly and a sliding mechanism are added inside the crushing cylinder. The scraping assembly is in close contact with the inner wall of the crushing cylinder. The scraping assembly has a degree of freedom to rotate around the axis of the crushing cylinder by means of the sliding mechanism. The centrifugal force generated when the straw is crushed impacts the scraping assembly, and the force generated when the straw impacts the scraping assembly drives the scraping assembly to rotate.

[0007] The scraping assembly includes a scraper and a scraper rod. The inner cavity of the crushing cylinder includes an upper feeding chamber and a crushing chamber equipped with a crushing blade assembly. The scraper is located in the feeding chamber and its edge is in close contact with the inner wall of the feeding chamber. The scraper rod is fixedly connected to the scraper and the scraper is in close contact with the inner wall of the crushing chamber. The scraper rod rotates together with the scraper and passes through the gap between the crushing blade assembly and the inner wall of the crushing chamber.

[0008] The scraper has an arc-shaped plate structure and is set vertically. The two ends of the scraper are in close contact with the inner wall of the crushing cylinder. The scraper protrudes towards the axis of the crushing cylinder, and the side of the scraper facing the rotation direction of the crushing blade assembly has a concave arc-shaped structure and forms a force-borrowing part. The force-borrowing part is located on the surface of the scraper near the axis of the crushing cylinder. The straw impacts the force-borrowing part with the rotation of the crushing blade assembly, and the force generated by the straw impacting the force-borrowing part drives the scraper to rotate.

[0009] The sliding mechanism includes an annular slip ring and a bearing. The inner wall of the crushing cylinder is provided with an annular fixing groove in the horizontal direction. The bearing is located in the fixing groove and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the crushing cylinder. The inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the slip ring. The slip ring has the freedom to rotate about the axis of the crushing cylinder with the help of the bearing. The scraping assembly rotates together with the slip ring about the axis of the crushing cylinder.

[0010] Sealing rings that are fixedly connected to the inside of the crushing cylinder are respectively provided above and below the slip ring. The upper and lower surfaces of the fixed groove extend toward the axis of the crushing cylinder and form a shielding part. An annular groove-shaped sealing groove is formed between the sealing ring and the shielding part. The upper and lower surfaces of the slip ring extend toward the inner wall of the crushing cylinder and form a sealing baffle. The sealing baffle and the sealing groove are interlocked. The fixed groove prevents the crushed straw from entering the fixed groove by means of the sealing baffle and the sealing groove.

[0011] The upper end face of the fixing groove is detachably fixed to the side wall of the fixing groove by means of bolts.

[0012] The shredder assembly includes a drive shaft, a first moving blade, and a second moving blade coaxially arranged with the first moving blade. The first moving blade is located at the top of the drive shaft and there are two sets of it. The second moving blade is located on the middle side of the drive shaft and there are four sets of it. The drive shaft is driven to rotate by a motor.

[0013] The pulverizing blade assembly also includes fan blades connected to the drive shaft. The fan blades are located below the second moving blade. The first moving blade, the second moving blade, and the fan blades are arranged alternately in a circular array. The discharge port is located at the bottom of the side wall of the pulverizing cylinder and is at the same height as the fan blades.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] This invention adds a scraper assembly with rotational freedom to the inner cavity of the crushing cylinder. During the crushing process, the straw scatters and rotates within the cylinder. The force generated by this rotation impacts the scraper assembly, creating a thrust that causes the assembly to rotate. This rotation then scrapes off the straw adhering to the inner wall of the crushing cylinder. By recovering the power generated by the crushing blade assembly, this invention achieves automatic cleaning of the scraper assembly during crushing, eliminating the need for manual cleaning. Furthermore, this invention requires no additional power unit, optimizes the crusher's structure while effectively cleaning the inner wall of the crushing cylinder, and reduces equipment costs and subsequent maintenance difficulties and costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pulverizing cylinder;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the crushing cylinder.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper's structure;

[0021] In the attached diagram, 1 is the frame, 2 is the motor, 3 is the crushing cylinder, 4 is the discharge port, 5 is the scraper, 6 is the scraper rod, 7 is the levering part, 8 is the slip ring, 9 is the bearing, 10 is the fixing groove, 11 is the sealing ring, 12 is the shielding part, 13 is the sealing baffle, 14 is the drive shaft, 15 is the first moving blade, 16 is the second moving blade, and 17 is the fan blade. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0023] Specific implementation examples Figure 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a fully automatic crop straw cleaning and crushing machine, including a frame 1, a motor 2, a crushing cylinder 3, and a crushing blade assembly. The crushing cylinder 3 has an open-top barrel-shaped structure. The crushing blade assembly is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the crushing cylinder 3 and is driven to rotate by the motor 2. A discharge port 4 is provided on the side wall of the crushing cylinder 3. A scraping assembly and a sliding mechanism are added inside the crushing cylinder 3. The scraping assembly is in close contact with the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3. The scraping assembly has a degree of freedom to rotate around the axis of the crushing cylinder 3 by means of the sliding mechanism. The centrifugal force generated when the straw is crushed impacts the scraping assembly. The force generated when the straw impacts the scraping assembly drives the scraping assembly to rotate.

[0024] Because some crop straw will release sugar and moisture during the crushing process, some of the crushed straw will stick to the inner wall of the crusher. When there is a lot of sticky crushed straw, it will hinder the rotation speed of the crushing blades and affect the crushing quality of the straw. As a result, the staff will need to turn off motor 2 every once in a while to clean the inner wall of the crusher, which will increase the workload of the staff and accelerate the aging of motor 2.

[0025] Therefore, this invention adds a scraper assembly with rotational freedom to the inner cavity of the crushing cylinder 3. During the crushing process, the straw scatters and rotates within the crushing cylinder 3. The force generated by the rotation of the straw impacts the scraper assembly, creating a thrust that causes the scraper assembly to rotate. This rotation scrapes off the crushed straw adhering to the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3. This invention automatically cleans the scraper assembly by recovering the power generated by the crushing blade assembly, eliminating the need for manual cleaning. Furthermore, this invention requires no additional power unit. While achieving cleaning of the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3, it optimizes the structure of the crusher, reducing equipment costs and the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the scraping assembly includes a scraper 5 and a scraper rod 6. The inner cavity of the crushing cylinder 3 includes an upper feed chamber and a crushing chamber equipped with a crushing blade assembly. The scraper 5 is located inside the feed chamber, and its edge is in close contact with the inner wall of the feed chamber. The scraper rod 6 is fixedly connected to the scraper 5, and the scraper 5 is in close contact with the inner wall of the crushing chamber. The scraper rod 6 rotates with the scraper 5 and passes through the gap between the crushing blade assembly and the inner wall of the crushing chamber. Because the scraping assembly needs to avoid direct contact between the crushing blade assembly and the scraping assembly, the scraping assembly in this invention... The component consists of a scraper 5 and a scraper rod 6. There is no crushing blade assembly in the feeding chamber, so a large-area scraper 5 can be set to increase the contact area between the scraper 5 and the rotating crushed straw, ensuring that the scraper 5 receives sufficient external force to drive the scraper 5 to rotate. There is a gap between the crushing blade assembly and the inner wall of the crushing chamber to avoid direct scraping between the crushing blade assembly and the inner wall. Therefore, a scraper rod 6 is set in the gap between the crushing blade assembly and the inner wall of the crushing chamber. The scraper rod 6 is fixedly connected to the scraper 5 and rotates together with the scraper 5, thereby scraping off the straw residue on the inner wall of the crushing chamber.

[0027] like Figure 2-3 and Figure 5As shown, the scraper 5 has an arc-shaped plate structure and is arranged vertically. The two ends of the scraper 5 are in close contact with the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3. The scraper 5 protrudes towards the axis of the crushing cylinder 3, and the side of the scraper 5 facing the rotation direction of the crushing blade assembly has a concave arc-shaped structure forming a levering part 7. The levering part 7 is located on the surface of the scraper 5 near the axis of the crushing cylinder 3. The straw impacts the levering part 7 with the rotation of the crushing blade assembly, and the force generated by the impact drives the scraper 5 to rotate. Due to the high-speed rotation of the crushing blade assembly, the straw fed into the crushing cylinder 3 tends to move closer to the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3 under the action of centrifugal force, causing the straw to move away from the blades near the center of the crushing blade assembly, affecting the crushing quality. Therefore, the scraper 5 in this invention is arc-shaped. Straw near the outer edge will impact the scraper 5 during rotation. Due to the obstruction and guidance of the scraper 5, the straw is guided to the center of the crushing chamber and re-cut, so that both the near and far blades of the crushing blade assembly can cut the straw. In addition, the present invention also provides a force-assisting part 7 on the side of the scraper 5 facing the rotation direction of the crushing blade assembly. When the crushed straw hits the scraper 5, it will hit the force-assisting part 7 first, generating more component force along the moving direction of the scraper 5, so as to ensure that the scraping assembly can rotate.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the sliding mechanism includes an annular slip ring 8 and a bearing 9. The inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3 is provided with an annular fixing groove 10 in the horizontal direction. The bearing 9 is located in the fixing groove 10 and the outer ring of the bearing 9 is fixedly connected to the crushing cylinder 3. The inner ring of the bearing 9 is fixedly connected to the slip ring 8. The slip ring 8 has a degree of freedom to rotate around the axis of the crushing cylinder 3 with the help of the bearing 9. The scraping assembly rotates around the axis of the crushing cylinder 3 together with the slip ring 8. The sliding mechanism in this invention uses the bearing 9 with a low coefficient of friction as the connecting structure to ensure that a small external force can drive the scraping assembly to rotate.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, sealing rings 11, which are fixedly connected to the inside of the crushing cylinder 3, are respectively provided above and below the slip ring 8. The upper and lower surfaces of the fixing groove 10 extend toward the axis of the crushing cylinder 3 to form a blocking part 12. An annular groove-shaped sealing groove is formed between the sealing ring 11 and the blocking part 12. The upper and lower surfaces of the slip ring 8 extend toward the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3 to form a sealing baffle 13. The sealing baffle 13 and the sealing groove are interlocked. The fixing groove 10 prevents crushed straw from entering the fixing groove 10 by means of the sealing baffle 13 and the sealing groove. In order to prevent crushed straw from falling into the fixing groove 10 and affecting the rotation of the bearing 9, the present invention forms a groove structure with concave and convex grooves through the sealing ring 11, the sealing baffle 13 and the blocking part 12 to prevent crushed straw from falling into it.

[0030] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the upper end face of the fixing groove 10 is detachably fixed to the side wall of the fixing groove 10 by means of bolts. When the bearing 9 has a problem, the bearing 9 can be inspected and replaced by disassembling the upper end face of the fixing groove 10, which is convenient for maintenance.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the crushing blade assembly includes a drive shaft 14, a first moving blade 15, and a second moving blade 16 coaxially arranged with the first moving blade 15. The first moving blade 15 is located at the top of the drive shaft 14 and there are two sets of it. The second moving blade 16 is located on the middle side of the drive shaft 14 and there are four sets of it. The drive shaft 14 is driven to rotate by a motor 2. The straw falls into the crushing blade assembly and is first coarsely crushed by the first moving blade 15, and then falls into the second moving blade 16 for secondary crushing. The secondary crushing can improve the crushing quality of the straw.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the shredder assembly also includes a fan blade 17 connected to the drive shaft 14. The fan blade 17 is located below the second moving blade 16. The first moving blade 15, the second moving blade 16, and the fan blade 17 are arranged in a circular array and alternately. The discharge port 4 is located at the bottom of the side wall of the shredder 3 and is at the same height as the fan blade 17. The fan blade 17 can play the role of discharging material, pushing the shredded straw in the shredder chamber to the discharge port 4. Under the action of the wind force generated by the fan blade 17, the shredded straw located at the discharge port 4 is blown out. At the same time, the wind force generated by the fan blade 17 can also blow the shredded straw at the bottom of the shredder chamber to the periphery, so as to avoid the straw residue sticking to the bottom of the shredder chamber.

Claims

1. A full-automatic crop straw cleaning and pulverizing machine, comprising a frame (1), a motor (2), a pulverizing cylinder (3) and a pulverizing blade set, the pulverizing cylinder (3) is in the form of an open-top barrel, the pulverizing blade set is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the pulverizing cylinder (3) and is driven to rotate by the motor (2), and the side wall of the pulverizing cylinder (3) is provided with a discharge port (4), characterized in that, The scraping assembly is tightly attached to the inner wall of the pulverizing cylinder (3), and the scraping assembly has the freedom of rotation with the axis of the pulverizing cylinder (3) as the center by means of the sliding mechanism; the centrifugal force generated during the pulverization of the straw and the impact on the scraping assembly drive the scraping assembly to rotate; the scraping assembly comprises a scraper (5) and a scraping rod (6); the inner cavity of the pulverizing cylinder (3) comprises an upper material inlet chamber and a pulverizing chamber provided with a pulverizing knife group; the scraper (5) is located in the material inlet chamber, and the edge of the scraper (5) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the material inlet chamber; the scraping rod (6) is fixedly connected with the scraper (5), and the scraper (5) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the pulverizing chamber; the scraping rod (6) rotates together with the scraper (5) and passes through the gap between the pulverizing knife group and the inner wall of the pulverizing chamber; the scraper (5) is in the form of an arc-shaped plate structure, is arranged in the vertical direction, and the two side ends of the scraper (5) are tightly attached to the inner wall of the pulverizing cylinder (3); the scraper (5) protrudes towards the axis of the pulverizing cylinder (3); the side of the scraper (5) towards the rotating direction of the pulverizing knife group is in the form of a concave arc structure and forms a force-receiving portion (7); the force-receiving portion (7) is located on the surface of the side of the scraper (5) close to the axis of the pulverizing cylinder (3); the straw impacts the force-receiving portion (7) by means of the rotation of the pulverizing knife group; the force generated by the impact of the straw on the force-receiving portion (7) drives the scraper (5) to rotate; the sliding mechanism comprises a ring-shaped sliding ring (8) and a bearing (9); the inner wall of the pulverizing cylinder (3) is provided with a ring-shaped fixed groove (10) in the horizontal direction; the bearing (9) is located in the fixed groove (10), and the outer ring of the bearing (9) is fixedly connected with the pulverizing cylinder (3); the inner ring of the bearing (9) is fixedly connected with the sliding ring (8); the sliding ring (8) has the freedom of rotation with the axis of the pulverizing cylinder (3) as the center by means of the bearing (9); the scraping assembly rotates together with the sliding ring (8) with the axis of the pulverizing cylinder (3) as the center; the upper and lower parts of the sliding ring (8) are respectively provided with sealing rings (11) fixedly connected with the inside of the pulverizing cylinder (3); the upper and lower surfaces of the fixed groove (10) are respectively extended towards the axis of the pulverizing cylinder (3) and form shielding portions (12); the sealing rings (11) and the shielding portions (12) form a ring-shaped groove-shaped sealing groove therebetween; the upper and lower surfaces of the sliding ring (8) are respectively extended towards the inner wall of the pulverizing cylinder (3) and form sealing baffle plates (13); the sealing baffle plates (13) and the sealing groove are in plug-in cooperation; the fixed groove (10) is prevented from entering the fixed groove (10) by the sealing baffle plates (13) and the sealing groove.

2. The full-automatic crop straw cleaning and pulverizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end surface of the fixed groove (10) is detachably fixedly connected with the side wall of the fixed groove (10) by means of bolts.

3. The full-automatic crop straw cleaning and pulverizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulverizing cutter group comprises a driving shaft (14), a first moving cutter (15) and a second moving cutter (16) coaxially arranged with the first moving cutter (15), the first moving cutter (15) is located at the uppermost of the driving shaft (14) and is provided with two groups, the second moving cutter (16) is located at the middle side of the driving shaft (14) and is provided with four groups, and the driving shaft (14) is driven to rotate by a motor (2).

4. The full-automatic crop straw cleaning and pulverizing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pulverizing cutter group further comprises a fan blade (17) connected with the driving shaft (14), the fan blade (17) is located below the second moving cutter (16), the first moving cutter (15), the second moving cutter (16) and the fan blade (17) are alternately arranged in a ring array, and the discharge port (4) is located at the bottom of the side wall of the pulverizing cylinder (3) and is at the same height with the fan blade (17).

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