Multistage cyclone desalting incineration boiler for salt-containing waste liquid

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater, applicable to the field of industrial wastewater incineration technology. The boiler includes a furnace body, wastewater spray nozzles, a low-temperature burner, a medium-temperature burner, a flue gas outlet, a high-temperature burner, and a slag cooler. The furnace body comprises a low-temperature section furnace, a medium-temperature section furnace, and a high-temperature section furnace arranged in low, medium, and high positions. Multiple wastewater spray nozzles are installed on the low-temperature section furnace, tangentially entering the wastewater. A medium-temperature burner is installed above the wastewater spray nozzles. A medium-temperature burner is installed on the upper part of the medium-temperature section furnace, and a high-temperature burner is installed on the upper part of the high-temperature section furnace. A central tube is installed inside each of the low-temperature, medium-temperature, and high-temperature section furnaces, with a connecting pipe at the top of the central tube. The slag cooler is inclinedly installed at the bottom of each of the three section furnaces. By employing segmented desalination, solid-state desalination, and cyclone desalination, the desalination efficiency of the incineration boiler is effectively improved. It features a simple structure, long service life, low cost, low failure rate, high safety, and minimal maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an incineration boiler, belonging to the field of industrial waste liquid incineration technology, and in particular to a multi-stage cyclone desalination incineration boiler for saline waste liquid, applicable to the field of saline waste liquid incineration technology. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical, and papermaking have developed rapidly, and wastewater treatment is one of the key issues. The discharge of saline wastewater, especially industrial saline organic wastewater, is a significant problem. The main components of saline wastewater are salt, organic matter, and water, with water being the predominant component, generally accounting for over 90%. This type of wastewater requires specific treatment; otherwise, it will cause serious environmental pollution. While traditional water treatment technologies can degrade pollutants and purify the wastewater, they suffer from time-consuming processes, poor effectiveness, and the generation of secondary pollution such as sludge / hazardous waste. Therefore, the use of wastewater incineration for treating this type of wastewater is receiving increasing attention.

[0003] Waste liquid incineration technology can oxidize and decompose waste liquid at high temperatures, degrading organic matter and toxic salts into water, carbon dioxide, and harmless substances, achieving a thorough purification effect without generating secondary pollution. Existing incineration equipment has achieved good results in incinerating high-salt waste liquid. However, due to the low removal efficiency of inorganic salts in the incinerator, molten salt causing blockage and high-temperature corrosion of downstream equipment, the system suffers from instability and high energy consumption, resulting in the inability to recover and utilize waste heat and a high failure rate of the entire system. This greatly limits the application scope and economic viability of this technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical Problem: The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a multi-stage cyclone desalination incineration boiler for saline wastewater. It adopts segmented desalination, solid-state desalination, and cyclone desalination technologies, thereby enabling the incineration boiler to have advantages such as high desalination efficiency, long service life, low cost, low failure rate, high safety, simple structure, and low maintenance workload.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater, comprising a desalination and incineration boiler body, wastewater spray guns, a low-temperature burner, a medium-temperature burner, a flue gas outlet, a high-temperature burner, and a slag cooler. The desalination and incineration boiler includes a low-temperature section furnace, a medium-temperature section furnace, and a high-temperature section furnace arranged in low, medium, and high positions. Multiple wastewater spray guns are installed on the low-temperature section furnace for tangential entry of wastewater into the furnace. Above the multiple wastewater spray guns is a low-temperature burner for tangential entry and adjustment of the temperature inside the low-temperature section furnace to 500°C. The upper part of the intermediate-temperature section furnace is equipped with a tangentially entering intermediate-temperature burner that regulates the internal temperature of the intermediate-temperature section furnace to 750℃. The upper part of the high-temperature section furnace is equipped with a tangentially entering high-temperature burner that regulates the internal temperature of the high-temperature section furnace to 1100℃. The low-temperature section furnace, intermediate-temperature section furnace, and high-temperature section furnace each have a central tube inside. The top of the central tube of the low-temperature section furnace has a tangentially connected intermediate-temperature connecting pipe to the upper part of the intermediate-temperature section furnace. The top of the central tube of the intermediate-temperature section furnace has a tangentially connected high-temperature connecting pipe to the upper part of the high-temperature section furnace. The top of the central tube of the high-temperature section furnace is connected to the flue gas... The gas outlet is located at the bottom of the low-temperature section furnace, the medium-temperature section furnace, and the high-temperature section furnace, which are arranged at low, medium, and high positions respectively. During operation, the temperatures inside the low-temperature section furnace, the medium-temperature section furnace, and the high-temperature section furnace are raised to the set temperatures by the low-temperature burner, the medium-temperature burner, and the high-temperature burner, respectively. Waste liquid is tangentially sprayed into the low-temperature section furnace through a spray gun. After the waste liquid in the low-temperature section furnace is heated, water evaporates, organic matter decomposes, and inorganic salts accumulate. The resulting flue gas flows downwards from the top of the low-temperature section furnace in a rotating manner. Under the action of the rotating airflow, a cyclone is formed inside the low-temperature section furnace. Dust and flue gas flow to the bottom cone tube of the low-temperature section furnace and are discharged through the central tube into the medium-temperature connecting pipe. The flue gas enters the medium-temperature section furnace tangentially from the top. Inside the medium-temperature section furnace, the flue gas heats up and forms a spiral downward flow. Inside the medium-temperature section furnace, the flue gas forms a cyclone to remove dust again and is discharged from the bottom of the medium-temperature section furnace through the central tube into the high-temperature connecting pipe. It then enters the high-temperature section furnace tangentially from the top. Inside the high-temperature section furnace, the flue gas continues to form a cyclone and is discharged through the central tube into the flue gas outlet. Finally, it is discharged from the incinerator through the flue gas outlet.

[0006] The low-temperature section furnace, medium-temperature section furnace, and high-temperature section furnace arranged in low, medium, and high positions are vertical furnaces. The height difference between the low, medium, and high positions is slightly greater than the diameter of the medium and high temperature connecting pipe. The external structure of each furnace is a straight tube at the top and a tapered tube at the bottom, with the tapered tube section accounting for no more than 1 / 2 of the straight tube section.

[0007] The central tubes installed in the low-temperature section furnace, the medium-temperature section furnace, and the high-temperature section furnace are inserted from the top center, with the insertion depth reaching near the junction of the conical tube and the straight tube of each section of the furnace body.

[0008] The low-temperature section furnace, medium-temperature section furnace, and high-temperature section furnace arranged in low, medium, and high positions are equipped with one or more low-temperature burners, medium-temperature burners, and high-temperature burners, respectively.

[0009] The low-temperature section furnace is equipped with 1-6 waste liquid spray guns that tangentially enter the waste liquid of the low-temperature section furnace.

[0010] The multiple waste liquid spray guns that tangentially enter the waste liquid of the low-temperature section furnace are also installed on the medium-temperature section furnace or the high-temperature section furnace.

[0011] The slag coolers, which are inclined and arranged at the bottom of the low-temperature section furnace, the medium-temperature section furnace, and the high-temperature section furnace, are either configured as a whole or individually for each section of the furnace.

[0012] The temperature inside the low-temperature section furnace is 500±50℃, the temperature inside the medium-temperature section furnace is 750±50℃, and the temperature inside the high-temperature section furnace is 1100±50℃.

[0013] The outer walls of the low-temperature section furnace, the medium-temperature section furnace, and the high-temperature section furnace are all provided with a heat insulation layer.

[0014] Beneficial Effects: This invention is applicable to the field of industrial wastewater incineration technology. It employs a low-temperature section furnace, a medium-temperature section furnace, and a high-temperature section furnace arranged in low, medium, and high positions. Wastewater is tangentially sprayed into the low-temperature section furnace through multiple wastewater spray guns, creating a swirling flow. The furnace temperature of the low-temperature section furnace is approximately 500℃, where inorganic salts are in a solid state. The tangentially entering swirling airflow effectively removes solid particulate inorganic salts. The desalination efficiency of the low-temperature section furnace is ≥95%, overcoming the drawback of low desalination efficiency for molten inorganic salts. The low-temperature flue gas tangentially enters the medium-temperature section furnace, where the furnace temperature is approximately 750℃. At this temperature, oxygen can be effectively absorbed. Combustible organic matter volatilizes from the incineration wastewater and forms a swirling flow again in the medium-temperature section furnace, further removing inorganic salts that were not completely removed in the low-temperature section furnace. The desalination efficiency of the medium-temperature section furnace is ≥90%. The flue gas discharged from the medium-temperature section furnace tangentially enters the high-temperature section furnace, where the temperature is around 1100℃. Combustible organic matter is completely oxidized in the high-temperature section furnace, where the flue gas also flows in a swirling flow, achieving a desalination efficiency of ≥60%. The overall desalination efficiency of the incinerator is ≥99.8%, effectively avoiding problems such as clogging and corrosion of the downstream equipment in the entire system. This invention has wide applicability in the technical field. The main advantages of this invention compared to existing saline wastewater incineration boilers are:

[0015] 1. Multi-stage solid-state desalination with a desalination efficiency of up to 99.8%;

[0016] 2. Eliminate molten salt corrosion on the wall;

[0017] 3. The swirling structure results in a long flue gas residence time and thorough removal of organic matter;

[0018] 4. Simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and low failure rate;

[0019] 5. Safe, reliable, and energy-efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the cross-section 1 of the low-temperature furnace section of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the cross-section 2 of the low-temperature furnace section of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged cross-section of the medium-temperature furnace section of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged cross-section of the high-temperature furnace section of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged cross-section of the central tube of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1-Low-temperature section furnace, 2-Waste liquid spray gun, 3-Low-temperature burner, 4-Medium-temperature connecting pipe, 5-Medium-temperature section furnace, 6-High-temperature connecting pipe, 7-Medium-temperature burner, 8-High-temperature section furnace, 9-Flue gas outlet, 10-High-temperature burner, 11-Central pipe, 12-Slag cooler. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to an embodiment in the accompanying drawings:

[0028] The present invention discloses a multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline waste liquid, which mainly consists of a desalination and incineration boiler body, a waste liquid spray gun (2), a low-temperature burner (3), a medium-temperature burner (7), a flue gas outlet (9), a high-temperature burner (10), and a slag cooler (12). The desalination and incineration boiler includes a low-temperature section furnace (1), a medium-temperature section furnace (5), and a high-temperature section furnace (8) arranged in low, medium, and high positions. The low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5), and the high-temperature section furnace (8) arranged in low, medium, and high positions are vertical furnaces. The drop between the low, medium, and high positions is slightly greater than the diameter of the medium and high temperature connecting pipes. The external structure is a straight tube at the top and a tapered tube at the bottom. The tapered tube section accounts for no more than 1 / 2 of the straight tube section. The low-temperature section furnace (1) is equipped with multiple waste liquid spray guns (2) that tangentially enter the waste liquid of the low-temperature section furnace (1), and the number of multiple waste liquid spray guns (2) tangentially entering the waste liquid of the low-temperature section furnace (1) is 1-6; the multiple waste liquid spray guns (2) tangentially entering the waste liquid of the low-temperature section furnace (1) are also equipped on the medium-temperature section furnace (5) or the high-temperature section furnace (8). A low-temperature burner (3) is installed above multiple waste liquid spray guns (2) to tangentially enter and regulate the temperature inside the low-temperature section furnace (1) to 500°C. A medium-temperature burner (7) is installed above the medium-temperature section furnace (5) to tangentially enter and regulate the temperature inside the medium-temperature section furnace (5) to 750°C. A high-temperature burner (10) is installed above the high-temperature section furnace (8) to tangentially enter and regulate the temperature inside the high-temperature section furnace (8) to 1100°C. The temperature inside the low-temperature section furnace (1) is 500±50°C, the temperature inside the medium-temperature section furnace (5) is 750±50°C, and the temperature inside the high-temperature section furnace (8) is 1100±50°C. The low-temperature burner (3), medium-temperature burner (7), and high-temperature burner (10) arranged in low, medium, and high positions are respectively provided one or more, and can be 1-5, with each burner evenly arranged at the top. The low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5), and the high-temperature section furnace (8) are each equipped with a central tube (11). The top of the central tube of the low-temperature section furnace (1) is provided with a medium-temperature connecting pipe (4) tangentially connected to the upper part of the medium-temperature section furnace (5). The top of the central tube of the medium-temperature section furnace (5) is provided with a high-temperature connecting pipe (6) tangentially connected to the upper part of the high-temperature section furnace (8). The top of the central tube of the high-temperature section furnace (8) is connected to the flue gas outlet (9). The central tubes (11) respectively installed in the low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5), and the high-temperature section furnace (8) are inserted from the top center, with the insertion depth reaching near the junction of the conical tube and the straight tube of each section furnace body. The slag cooler (12) is inclinedly installed at the bottom of the low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5) and the high-temperature section furnace (8) arranged in low, medium and high positions. The slag cooler (12) inclinedly installed at the bottom of the low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5) and the high-temperature section furnace (8) arranged in low, medium and high positions is configured as a whole or configured individually for each section of the furnace.The outer walls of the low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5), and the high-temperature section furnace (8) are all equipped with heat insulation layers, and the central tube (11) in each section furnace adopts a water-cooled structure. The three sections of the furnace are of equal height, or the furnace bodies are set with different heights according to the site requirements.

[0029] During operation, the temperature inside the low-temperature section furnace (1) is first raised to about 500°C using the low-temperature burner (3), the temperature inside the medium-temperature section furnace (5) is raised to about 750°C using the medium-temperature burner (7), and the temperature inside the high-temperature section furnace (8) is raised to about 1100°C using the high-temperature burner (10). The waste liquid is tangentially sprayed into the low-temperature section furnace (1) through the spray gun (2). After the waste liquid in the low-temperature section furnace (1) is heated, the water evaporates, the organic matter decomposes, and the inorganic salts accumulate. The resulting flue gas flows downward from the top of the low-temperature section furnace (1). Under the action of the rotating airflow, a cyclone dust removal is formed inside the low-temperature section furnace (1). The flue gas flows to the bottom cone of the low-temperature section furnace (1) and is discharged through the central pipe (11) into the medium-temperature connecting pipe (4). The flue gas enters tangentially from the top of the intermediate temperature section furnace (5). At this time, the internal temperature of the intermediate temperature section furnace 5 is about 750°C. The flue gas heats up inside the intermediate temperature section furnace (5) and forms a spiral downward flow. The flue gas forms a cyclone dust removal again inside the intermediate temperature section furnace (5). It is discharged from the bottom of the intermediate temperature section furnace (5) through the central pipe (11) and enters the high temperature connecting pipe (6). It enters tangentially from the top of the high temperature section furnace (8) through the high temperature connecting pipe (6). At this time, the internal temperature of the high temperature section furnace 8 is about 1100°C. The incompletely oxidized gas has the opportunity to be completely oxidized and decomposed inside the high temperature section furnace 8. The flue gas continues to form a cyclone wind inside the high temperature section furnace 8, achieving the cyclone dust removal effect for the third time. The flue gas is discharged through the central pipe (11) and enters the flue gas outlet (9). Finally, it is discharged from the incinerator through the flue gas outlet (9). Since the burner is set along the tangential direction, the flue gas after combustion presents a tangential cyclone flow. The flue gas in the furnace spirals downward along the furnace wall and is discharged through the central pipe (11). The discharged flue gas enters the next stage or outside the equipment. The inorganic salts collected after being processed by the low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5) and the high-temperature section furnace (8) are collected from the bottom of each section furnace body into the slag cooler (12). After three-stage cyclone dust removal, the desalination efficiency of the incineration boiler is effectively improved. The spiral flue gas flow increases the flue gas residence time, which effectively increases the efficiency of organic matter oxidation and decomposition.

Claims

1. A multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater, comprising a desalination and incineration boiler body, a wastewater spray gun (2), a low-temperature burner (3), a medium-temperature burner (7), a flue gas outlet (9), a high-temperature burner (10), and a slag cooler (12), characterized in that: The desalination incineration boiler includes a low-temperature section furnace (1), a medium-temperature section furnace (5), and a high-temperature section furnace (8) arranged in low, medium, and high positions. The low-temperature section furnace (1) is equipped with multiple waste liquid spray guns (2) that tangentially enter the waste liquid of the low-temperature section furnace (1). Above the multiple waste liquid spray guns (2) is a low-temperature burner (3) that tangentially enters and regulates the temperature inside the low-temperature section furnace (1) to 500℃. The medium-temperature section furnace (5) is equipped with a medium-temperature burner (7) that tangentially enters and regulates the temperature inside the medium-temperature section furnace (5) to 750℃. The high-temperature section furnace (8) is equipped with a high-temperature burner (1) that tangentially enters and regulates the temperature inside the high-temperature section furnace (8) to 1100℃. 0), the low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5) and the high-temperature section furnace (8) are respectively provided with a central tube (11), wherein the top of the central tube of the low-temperature section furnace (1) is provided with a medium-temperature connecting pipe (4) tangentially connected to the upper part of the medium-temperature section furnace (5), the top of the central tube of the medium-temperature section furnace (5) is provided with a high-temperature connecting pipe (6) tangentially connected to the upper part of the high-temperature section furnace (8), and the top of the central tube of the high-temperature section furnace (8) is connected to the flue gas outlet (9). The slag cooler (12) is inclinedly arranged at the bottom of the low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5) and the high-temperature section furnace (8) arranged in low, medium and high positions; during operation, through the low-temperature burner (3) and the medium-temperature burner (8), the slag cooler (12) is provided with a central tube (11) tangentially connected to the upper part of the medium-temperature section furnace (5), the high-temperature section furnace (8) is provided with a central tube (6), and the top of the central tube of the high-temperature section furnace (8) is connected to the flue gas outlet (9). The burner (7) and the high-temperature burner (10) raise the temperature of the low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5), and the high-temperature section furnace (8) to the set temperature, respectively. The waste liquid is tangentially sprayed into the low-temperature section furnace (1) through the spray gun (2). After the waste liquid in the low-temperature section furnace (1) is heated, the water evaporates, the organic matter decomposes, and the inorganic salts accumulate. The generated flue gas flows downward from the top of the low-temperature section furnace (1) in a rotating manner. Under the action of the rotating airflow, a cyclone dust removal is formed inside the low-temperature section furnace (1). The flue gas flows to the bottom cone tube of the low-temperature section furnace (1) and is discharged through the central tube (11) into the medium-temperature connecting pipe (4). The flue gas enters tangentially from the top of the medium-temperature section furnace (5) through the medium-temperature connecting pipe (4). The flue gas is heated inside the medium-temperature section furnace (5) and forms a spiral downward flow. The flue gas forms a cyclone dust removal inside the medium-temperature section furnace (5) again. It is discharged from the bottom of the medium-temperature section furnace (5) through the central pipe (11) and enters the high-temperature connecting pipe (6). It enters the high-temperature section furnace (8) tangentially through the high-temperature connecting pipe (6). The flue gas continues to form a cyclone inside the high-temperature section furnace (8). The flue gas is discharged through the central pipe (11) and enters the flue gas outlet (9). Finally, it is discharged from the incinerator through the flue gas outlet (9). The inorganic salts collected after being processed by the low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5) and the high-temperature section furnace (8) are collected from the bottom of each section furnace body into the slag cooler (12).

2. The multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature section furnace (1), medium-temperature section furnace (5), and high-temperature section furnace (8) arranged in low, medium, and high positions are vertical furnaces. The drop between the low, medium, and high positions is slightly greater than the diameter of the medium and high temperature connecting pipe. The external structure is that the upper part is straight pipe and the lower part is tapered pipe. The tapered pipe section accounts for no more than 1 / 2 of the straight pipe section.

3. The multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central tubes (11) installed in the low-temperature section furnace (1), medium-temperature section furnace (5) and high-temperature section furnace (8) are inserted from the top center to the vicinity of the junction of the conical tube and the straight tube of each section of the furnace body.

4. The multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature section furnace (1), medium-temperature section furnace (5), and high-temperature section furnace (8) arranged in low, medium, and high positions are respectively equipped with one or more low-temperature burners (3), medium-temperature burners (7), and high-temperature burners (10).

5. The multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature section furnace (1) is equipped with 1-6 waste liquid spray guns (2) that tangentially enter the waste liquid of the low-temperature section furnace (1).

6. A multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: Multiple waste liquid spray guns (2) that tangentially enter the waste liquid of the low-temperature section furnace (1) are also installed on the medium-temperature section furnace (5) or the high-temperature section furnace (8).

7. The multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag coolers (12) at the bottom of the low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5), and the high-temperature section furnace (8), which are arranged at low, medium, and high positions, can be configured as a whole or individually for each section of the furnace.

8. The multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature inside the low-temperature section furnace (1) is 500±50℃, the temperature inside the medium-temperature section furnace (5) is 750±50℃, and the temperature inside the high-temperature section furnace (8) is 1100±50℃.

9. The multi-stage cyclone desalination and incineration boiler for saline wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls of the low-temperature section furnace (1), the medium-temperature section furnace (5), and the high-temperature section furnace (8) are all provided with heat insulation layers.

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