Construction plan generation method and system integrating process knowledge base and space constraints

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of information technology and construction management technology in the construction industry, and discloses a construction plan generation method and system integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints, including: pre-processing a BIM model to obtain flow section information and component information of a construction project; obtaining the construction process of each component through a preset process knowledge base according to the component information; obtaining the construction sequence between flow sections through a preset space constraint rule base according to the flow section information; obtaining the initial construction plan of the construction project according to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections, and the relationship between components and flow sections; optimizing the initial construction plan according to a preset objective function and constraint conditions, obtaining a series of feasible construction plans and visualizing them. The present invention not only improves the quality and production efficiency of the construction plan, but also provides more advanced tools and means for the management and execution of construction projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of information technology and construction management technology in the construction industry, and in particular to a construction plan generation method and system integrating a process knowledge base with space constraints. Background Art

[0002] The construction plan is crucial in the construction industry. It plans the construction steps, resource utilization and schedule to ensure the efficient progress of the project, controllable quality and reasonable cost. Currently, most construction plans are prepared in advance by the team. The preparation of construction plans usually includes project analysis, site survey, technology selection, cost estimation, schedule planning, quality control and other steps. It requires a lot of time and resources, is easily limited by personal experience and professional knowledge, and may not fully consider all variables, resulting in imperfect and inaccurate plans. Once a step needs to be changed, it may face a series of interrelated problems, resulting in delays in construction progress.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of automatic construction plan generation method to rationally utilize project resources, control project progress, and improve the overall efficiency and cost-effectiveness of construction projects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a construction plan generation method and system integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints, so as to solve the defect that the existing technology prepares the construction plan in advance by the team, which is easily limited by the scope of personal experience and professional knowledge, resulting in incomplete and inaccurate construction plans.

[0005] The present invention provides a construction plan generation method integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints, comprising:

[0006] Obtain a BIM model (Building Information Modeling) of the construction project, and pre-process the BIM model to obtain information on several flow sections of the construction project and component information of each flow section, wherein the component information includes component type and component attributes;

[0007] According to the component information, the construction process of each component is obtained through the preset process knowledge base;

[0008] According to the flow section information, the construction sequence between flow sections is obtained through the preset space constraint rule library;

[0009] According to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections and the relationship between components and flow sections, the initial construction plan of the construction project is obtained;

[0010] According to the preset objective function and constraints, the initial construction plan is optimized to obtain a series of feasible construction plans;

[0011] Visualize a series of feasible construction plans for users to interact in real time.

[0012] According to a construction scheme generation method integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, the BIM model of the construction project is obtained, and the BIM model is preprocessed to obtain information of several flow sections of the construction project and component information of each flow section, including:

[0013] According to the structure and function of the building, the BIM model is divided into floors, areas, and units to obtain sub-models of different levels and granularities;

[0014] According to the characteristics and requirements of the construction project, each sub-model is further divided according to the preset axis grid to obtain a number of flow sections. Each flow section contains a certain number and type of components to form flow section information;

[0015] Each component of each flow section is identified and classified, and a unique number is assigned to each component to form component information.

[0016] According to a construction plan generation method that integrates a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, component types include any one of the following or any combination thereof: walls, columns, beams, floor slabs, doors and windows, etc., component attributes include any one of the following or any combination thereof: size, weight, material, and characteristics and requirements of the construction project include any one of the following or any combination thereof: type, scale, structure, process, goal, and conditions of the construction project.

[0017] According to a construction scheme generation method integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, the construction process of each component is obtained by presetting a process knowledge base according to component information, including:

[0018] According to the component information, search in the preset process knowledge base to obtain the construction process and related information matching the component, and store the construction process and related information of each component in the data table;

[0019] Analyze and optimize the construction procedures and related information of different components in the data table to obtain the first construction procedure of each component;

[0020] According to the construction conditions of the construction project, the first construction process is adjusted to obtain the second construction process of each component.

[0021] According to a construction plan generation method that integrates a process knowledge base and spatial constraints provided by the present invention, the construction process and related information include any one of the following or any combination thereof: construction process, construction period, resources, cost, and construction conditions include climate and / or terrain.

[0022] According to a construction plan generation method integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, the construction sequence between flow sections is obtained according to flow section information by using a preset space constraint rule base, including:

[0023] According to the construction process of each component, the sequence constraints of the processes required for different components are obtained through the preset space constraint rule library;

[0024] Combining the flow section information and the sequence constraints of the processes required for different components, the construction sequence between the flow sections is obtained through the preset spatial constraint rule library, and the construction sequence between the flow sections is stored in the data table.

[0025] According to a construction plan generation method integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, the initial construction plan of the construction project is obtained according to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections, and the relationship between the components and the flow sections, including:

[0026] According to the relationship between each component and the flow section, the components and the flow section are accurately matched;

[0027] By integrating the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections, and the relationship between components and flow sections, the initial construction plan of the construction project is obtained and converted into a data table in a common format for output.

[0028] According to a construction plan generation method integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, the initial construction plan is optimized according to a preset objective function and constraint conditions to obtain a series of feasible construction plans, including:

[0029] Convert the formatted data table into a computable mathematical model;

[0030] Combined with the preset objective function and constraints, the optimization algorithm is used to solve the computable model and obtain a series of feasible construction plans.

[0031] According to a construction plan generation method integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, the visualization of a series of feasible construction plans includes:

[0032] Generate a network diagram or Gantt chart based on a series of feasible construction plans to show the various stages, tasks, duration, and context of the construction project;

[0033] Link the BIM model of the construction project with the time schedule parameters of a series of feasible construction plans to visualize the construction plan;

[0034] Introduce interactive elements to realize dynamic adjustment of timelines, specific processes, etc. on the visual interface, and provide real-time feedback on the impact of adjustments on the overall construction progress, so that users can interact in real time.

[0035] The present invention also provides a construction plan generation system integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints, comprising:

[0036] A preprocessing module is used to obtain a BIM model of the construction project and preprocess the BIM model to obtain information of several flow sections of the construction project and component information of each flow section, wherein the component information includes component type and component attributes;

[0037] The process matching module is used to obtain the construction process of each component based on the component information and the preset process knowledge base;

[0038] The space constraint module is used to obtain the construction sequence between the flow sections according to the flow section information and the preset space constraint rule library;

[0039] The construction plan generation module is used to obtain the initial construction plan of the construction project according to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between the flow sections, and the relationship between the components and the flow sections;

[0040] The construction plan optimization module is used to optimize the initial construction plan according to the preset objective function and constraints to obtain a series of feasible construction plans;

[0041] The visualization module is used to visualize a series of feasible construction plans for real-time interaction by users.

[0042] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory storing a computer program, characterized in that when the processor executes the computer program, it implements any of the above-mentioned methods for generating a construction plan that integrates a process knowledge base and spatial constraints.

[0043] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements any of the above-mentioned methods for generating a construction plan that integrates a process knowledge base and spatial constraints.

[0044] The present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. The computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute any of the above-mentioned methods for generating a construction plan that integrates a process knowledge base and spatial constraints.

[0045] The present invention provides a construction plan generation method and system integrating process knowledge base and space constraints, which utilizes building information model (BIM) technology to comprehensively and accurately extract flow section information and component information of a construction project by preprocessing the BIM model, and then utilizes a preset process knowledge base and space constraint rule base, as well as an objective function and constraint conditions, to obtain an optimal construction plan through intelligent calculation. Compared with the manual construction plan production method, the present invention has significant advantages in information acquisition, intelligent decision-making, automation and visualization, which can not only improve the quality and efficiency of the construction plan, but also provide more advanced tools and means for the management and execution of construction projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 This is one of the flow charts of a construction plan generation method that integrates a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 The second flowchart of the method for generating a construction plan integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a construction plan generation system that integrates a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 The second structural schematic diagram of a construction plan generation system integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms used are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] Construction progress is one of the three major goals of project management. Construction project progress control is an important measure to ensure that construction projects are completed on schedule, reasonably arrange resource supply, and save engineering costs. Before the construction of an engineering project, it is necessary to set goals and prepare a project schedule. During the construction process, various means, methods and measures need to be used to make full use of resources and rationally plan human, financial and material resources to ensure that the project progress is carried out according to the pre-planned plan. However, engineering construction projects have the characteristics of huge engineering volume, high labor consumption, wide range of professional involvement, and high cost. The construction progress is a dynamic change process. Affected by many factors, project management and information sharing are very difficult, which makes it difficult for managers to properly handle it in project operations. With the development of the times, digital technology has gradually been integrated into the field of construction engineering, bringing new ideas for construction progress management and optimization, which will greatly improve the production efficiency of the construction industry, better optimize the construction progress, and have great application value and broad market prospects. Today, construction progress generation, control and update are more critical parts of project management.

[0054] The present invention belongs to the intersection of information technology and construction management in the construction industry. Its innovation lies in the establishment of a process knowledge base and a spatial constraint rule base covering a variety of building types and components. These knowledge bases and rule bases can provide support for the automatic division of construction flow sections and the automatic generation of construction plans. The present invention can also support the call of a variety of schedule resource optimization software, and automatically solve the optimized construction plan according to the objective function and constraint conditions set by the user. The present invention can better simulate the actual engineering construction process and greatly improve the efficiency of data integration and construction optimization. By attaching the schedule to each component in the BIM model, 4D construction simulation is achieved, which effectively reduces management costs and project construction risks, and improves the ability to control the construction process.

[0055] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 5 The invention describes a construction plan generation method and system that integrates a process knowledge base and space constraints.

[0056] Figure 1-Figure 2It is a flow chart of the construction plan generation method integrating the process knowledge base and the space constraints provided by the present invention. Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for generating a construction plan integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints, which may include:

[0057] Step S110, obtaining a BIM model of the construction project, and preprocessing the BIM model to obtain information of several flow sections of the construction project and component information of each flow section, wherein the component information includes component type and component attributes;

[0058] Step S120, according to the component information, the construction process of each component is obtained through the preset process knowledge base;

[0059] Step S130, according to the flow section information, the construction sequence between the flow sections is obtained by using a preset space constraint rule library;

[0060] Step S140, obtaining an initial construction plan for the construction project according to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections, and the relationship between the components and the flow sections;

[0061] Step S150: Optimize the initial construction plan according to the preset objective function and constraint conditions to obtain a series of feasible construction plans.

[0062] Step S160: Visualize a series of feasible construction plans for real-time interaction by users.

[0063] Construction activities are the basic task units of the construction schedule, which can be independent task units or a combination of multiple tasks. Different projects have different ways of dividing construction activities. For low-rise or multi-story buildings, the construction activity units of their construction schedules are more commonly independent activities, while for high-rise or super-high-rise buildings, the task units of their construction schedules are usually a combination of multiple tasks. The logical relationship between construction activities is affected by many and complex factors, which is also the focus of the preparation of the project construction schedule. It mainly includes three types of constraints: physical relationship, process relationship and organizational relationship. Physical relationship mainly refers to the spatial relationship between the divisions, sub-projects or components of the project, which is determined after the model of the project is established. Process relationship mainly refers to the front and back relationship of the construction activity process. Organizational relationship is mainly the subjective arrangement of various construction activities that can be constructed in parallel. In actual projects, due to limited construction resources, in order to improve construction efficiency and quality, it is usually necessary to divide the construction layer and construction section according to the characteristics of the project and the construction plan.

[0064] The general BIM model lacks data describing the state of the construction sequence. When performing the automatic arrangement of the schedule based on BIM, the primary task is to obtain the data information related to the progress in the engineering project and convert it into a language that the computer can understand. The research on the automatic generation of the existing schedule and the generation of the 4D BIM construction time series mainly relies on manually inputting project information, including time and resource requirements, etc., and lacks a method for automatic data integration. This manual input method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to errors, which affects the accuracy and efficiency of the schedule. Therefore, the present invention will utilize the existing data information in the BIM model to realize the data integration of the automatic arrangement of the schedule.

[0065] In one embodiment, step S110 may include:

[0066] Using the built-in functions or external plug-ins of BIM software, the BIM model can be divided into floors, areas, and units according to the structure and function of the building to obtain sub-models of different levels and granularities;

[0067] According to the characteristics and requirements of the construction project, each sub-model is further divided according to the preset axis grid (the preset axis grid can be automatically read or customized) to obtain a number of flow sections. Each flow section contains a certain number and type of components to form flow section information, which is only used for one construction process within a certain period of time.

[0068] Each component of each flow section is identified and classified, and a unique number is assigned to each component to form component information.

[0069] It should be noted that component types include any one of the following or any combination thereof: wall, column, beam, floor slab; component attributes include any one of the following or any combination thereof: size, weight, material; characteristics and requirements of the construction project include any one of the following or any combination thereof: type, scale, structure, process, objectives, and conditions of the construction project.

[0070] Specifically, the BIM three-dimensional model of the construction project can be pre-processed based on existing BIM software, such as Revit, ArchiCAD, etc., including automatic division of floors, automatic division of flow sections according to the axis network, automatic identification of component types and properties, etc., to facilitate subsequent progress generation and optimization.

[0071] Most existing studies have only considered the relationship between structure and space, with less consideration of constraints such as organization and process, and no further refinement of the logical constraints between construction activities to form systematic rules. This results in the generation of a schedule that is not sophisticated enough, and is usually only a schedule at a larger scale, which is insufficient to support the simulation of the construction process and the realization of visualization of future construction processes. The research object is also limited to a specific engineering field or a specific construction process, but construction projects often have the characteristics of singularity. Even for the same type of project, the compiled schedule may vary greatly due to differences in construction technology, project scale, site conditions and other factors. Therefore, the present invention will comprehensively consider various constraints according to different project characteristics and construction conditions, form systematic rules, and use these rules to achieve the refinement and intelligence of the automatic generation of a schedule.

[0072] In one embodiment, step S120 may include:

[0073] According to the component information, search in the preset process knowledge base to obtain the construction process and related information matching the component, and store the construction process and related information of each component in the data table;

[0074] Analyze and optimize the construction procedures and related information of different components in the data table, adjust the construction procedures and methods according to the relationship between different components, and obtain the first construction procedure of each component to reduce duplication of work and avoid wasting resources;

[0075] According to the construction conditions of the construction project, the first construction process is adjusted (for example, the construction period, resources, costs, etc.) to obtain the second construction process of each component to adapt to the actual situation.

[0076] It should be noted that the construction process and related information include any one of the following or any combination thereof: construction process, construction period, resources, cost, and construction conditions include climate and / or terrain.

[0077] Specifically, according to the process of compiling the original construction schedule, it is necessary to first complete the collection and collation of original data. In the process of automatic generation and optimization of the construction plan, as necessary input information, it is also necessary to match the process knowledge of different components to support the subsequent schedule arrangement. The component type and its attribute information are obtained from the BIM model of the construction project. This process (i.e., step S110) can be completed by parsing to improve the efficiency and accuracy of information acquisition. IFC file (Industry Foundation Classes) is an open, international standard file format for data exchange in building information modeling (BIM). IFC file is a universal, neutral file format designed to promote interoperability between various software applications in building and infrastructure projects. The main purpose of IFC file is to describe and exchange building information models (BIM) in a standardized way, including information about the geometry, structure, materials, component relationships, engineering properties, etc. of buildings or infrastructure. IFC files usually contain complete data of a project, so that different BIM software can share, view and modify building models without losing key information or data.

[0078] For each flow section, the component type and its attribute information automatically obtained can be queried from the constructed process knowledge base to obtain the construction process, construction period, resources, cost and other information required for each component. Through the matching of process knowledge, a reasonable construction process can be provided for each component and stored in the component's attributes.

[0079] The process knowledge base is mainly used to store rules, including the rules related to the logical relationship of construction activities and the duration of construction activities. Some existing construction standards, specifications, manuals, historical construction data and other materials can be consulted with experienced construction personnel and experts, and the typical processes and different application scenarios of different components can be sorted out to determine the structure and content of the process knowledge base, including process name, construction sequence, construction method, required materials, equipment, personnel, time, cost, etc. Knowledge graphs, relational databases, traditional knowledge bases and other technologies can be used to extract entities, relationships, attributes and other knowledge elements from unstructured or semi-structured text data to express and process them, and form a high-quality process knowledge base after eliminating redundancy and ambiguity. The combination of knowledge-driven (top-down) and data-driven (bottom-up) methods can make full use of the accuracy of knowledge and the extensiveness of data, which can better support the need to comprehensively consider rules and instance-based knowledge in subsequent actual process design decisions, and can be updated and supplemented at any time.

[0080] In one embodiment, step S130 may include:

[0081] According to the construction process of each component, the sequence constraints of the processes required for different components are obtained through the preset space constraint rule library;

[0082] Combining the flow section information and the sequence constraints of the processes required for different components, the construction sequence between the flow sections is obtained through the preset spatial constraint rule library, and the construction sequence between the flow sections is stored in the data table.

[0083] Specifically, the construction sequence of each flow section can be defined according to the type, scale, structure, process and other characteristics of different construction projects, as well as construction goals, requirements, conditions and other factors, thereby forming a complex network, and then automatically generating a more accurate logical relationship sequence to facilitate the automatic generation of subsequent construction progress.

[0084] The spatial constraint rule library refers to a series of spatial constraint rules summarized according to different building types and construction conditions, which are used to guide the automatic arrangement of the schedule.

[0085] From a macro perspective, a complete project construction process consists of four parts: structural construction, building construction, equipment installation, and decoration. Structural construction is located at the key line of the schedule arrangement and is the beginning of the schedule drawing. Beams, slabs, columns, walls and other components belong to structural components. The construction of structural components is directly divided according to the construction layer (floor) and is carried out from bottom to top, from left to right, from front to back or a specified path; building construction and equipment construction include masonry walls, installation of doors and windows, fixing of pipes, etc., which belong to the internal operations of the floor and are constructed using topological relationships. It can only be started when the structural components of the floor are completed, that is, structural construction is a prerequisite for the corresponding building construction and equipment installation; decoration includes work such as ceilings, which can be carried out simultaneously on two different floors under the condition of sufficient resources. From a micro perspective, there are three common logical relationships between flow segments: sequential, parallel and cross. a) Sequential relationship: There is a sequential restriction relationship between flow segments. The work tasks of a flow segment can only be carried out when all tasks corresponding to a flow segment are completed. b) Parallel relationship: Construction tasks on the flow section can be carried out simultaneously without mutual influence. Parallel relationship is often used for activity units that have no objective connection, do not use the same resources, and do not conflict with each other in the operation space. c) Cross relationship: Although there is no objective causal connection between flow sections, they cannot be carried out simultaneously because they use the same resources and the total resources are limited.

[0086] Since spatial constraint rules are affected by many factors, we can summarize the spatial constraints adopted by different building types and construction conditions based on typical cases, and establish a spatial constraint rule library based on the above logical relationship. The spatial constraint rule library can be expressed in the form of tables or graphics.

[0087] According to the spatial constraint rules defined in the spatial constraint rule library, the order constraints of the processes required for different components are matched and stored in the data table to ensure construction safety and quality. In actual projects, it is necessary to preliminarily generate the logical relationship of different flow sections based on the spatial constraint rule library and the actual engineering situation, and define the spatial order constraints of each flow section, that is, when, in what order, and in what way each flow section is constructed.

[0088] In one embodiment, step S140 may include:

[0089] Analyze the relationship between each component and the flow section to achieve accurate matching between the component and the flow section;

[0090] By integrating the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections and the relationship between components and flow sections, the initial construction plan of the construction project is obtained and converted into a data table in a common format for output.

[0091] Specifically, components are matched to corresponding flow sections based on project characteristics. Consider which components are reasonable to construct in the same flow section, and how their construction sequence affects the progress and efficiency of the entire project, and assign components to specific flow sections.

[0092] The construction process and related information of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections and the relationship between components and flow sections are integrated to preliminarily generate a construction plan, which is then converted into a data table in a common format for output. This can be the input data format required by typical optimization software, such as CSV, Excel, etc., and stored in a file. The file contains various information about the construction project, such as component number, process, attributes, logical relationship, etc. This information can be used to describe the structure, process and characteristics of the construction project, and provide necessary data support for the optimization software.

[0093] The main basis for generating construction plans is the logical relationship between construction activities, duration and spatial constraints of each flow section, determining the project schedule and generating construction plans. The plan generation aims to generate a set of initial construction plans for each construction project based on the process knowledge base and the spatial constraint rule base, including construction processes, logical relationships between construction processes, flow construction methods and various resource allocations. First, the relevant construction activities and their logical relationships in the construction schedule of the construction project are obtained according to the component type and its attributes. There are four main logical relationships between the previous and next construction activities in each flow section: finish to start (FTS), finish to finish (FTF), start to start (STS), start to finish (STF). The components are matched with the corresponding flow sections to determine the logical relationship of the corresponding construction activities.

[0094] After determining the logical relationship, the duration of each construction activity is calculated based on the engineering quantity, and the relevant information in the BIM model can be read. The IFC file obtained from the BIM model is parsed, the relevant attribute information is extracted, and the duration of each construction activity is determined based on the calculation formula of the construction process duration, taking into account the flow construction organization method, the division of construction sections and the resource supply situation. After reasonable reasoning, the corresponding schedule is automatically arranged and converted into a data table in a general format for output.

[0095] In one embodiment, step S150 may include:

[0096] Import the generated universal format data table into the optimization module (such as existing optimization software), ensure that all necessary information is read correctly and meets the format requirements for subsequent processing, pre-process the data, such as removing irrelevant data, unifying the data format, filling in missing values, etc., and convert the imported data into a computable mathematical model;

[0097] According to the preset objective function and constraints (the objective function and constraints can be preset according to the actual project situation to achieve the expected optimization effect. The objective function can be single or multi-objective, such as minimizing the construction period, minimizing the total cost, minimizing resource consumption, etc., or it can be a weighted function that comprehensively considers multiple indicators; the constraints can be the sequence between processes, resource availability, quality requirements, etc.), the computable mathematical model is solved to obtain a series of feasible construction plans.

[0098] Specifically, you can call typical optimization software such as MiniZinc, AMPL, LINGO, MATLAB, etc., and use the different algorithms and strategies provided by these software according to the objective function and constraints to find the best or better solution, output the optimal schedule, resource allocation, cost budget and other information of the construction project, and present it to the project members in the form of charts for easy analysis and adjustment. Typical optimization software can evaluate and optimize each generated construction plan, describe complex conditions intuitively and conveniently, and model various optimization problems. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of different plans through the set objective functions and constraints, and select the best or better plan as the final output. Output the progress results, which can be subsequently imported into MS project to generate a network diagram or bar chart; it can also be linked to 3D rendering software to generate a dynamic construction progress simulation.

[0099] In the research on automatic generation and optimization of construction schedules, traditional methods are mainly based on expert judgment and parametric tools. Schedule generation and optimization still mainly depend on the experience, professional skills and judgment of schedule planners, which requires a large workload and relies too much on the experience of construction technicians, resulting in low accuracy and efficiency. Case-based or template-based reasoning methods cannot achieve accurate matching of cases, and accuracy is difficult to guarantee when it comes to the relationship between different component entities of the entire project. In addition, the determination of the characteristic attributes and their weights of the entities when calculating similarity is also highly subjective. Research based on knowledge or rule reasoning lacks specific application methods of relevant models or systems and detailed reasoning rules for the logical relationship between construction activities, making it difficult to use in practice.

[0100] Most of the popular project schedule management software on the market are based on the premise that the plan structure is initially known. It is still necessary to manually specify the logical structure of the schedule in advance, and then hand it over to the computer to complete the subsequent drawing work. There is no corresponding schedule auxiliary generation tool and method. How to achieve automatic integration of the entire process of automatic schedule generation, and how to achieve automatic generation of schedules in construction projects involving multiple participants using various design tools are less studied. Therefore, the present invention aims to improve the degree of automation of construction schedule generation through technological innovation and methodological improvement, so as to improve the efficiency and accuracy of overall project management.

[0101] In one embodiment, step S160 may include:

[0102] Generate a network diagram or Gantt chart based on a series of feasible construction plans to show the various stages, tasks, duration, and context of the construction project;

[0103] Link the BIM model of the construction project with the time schedule parameters of a series of feasible construction plans to form a dynamic visualization of the construction plan;

[0104] Interactive elements are introduced to realize dynamic adjustment of timelines, specific processes, etc. on the visual interface, and real-time feedback on the impact of adjustments on the overall construction progress is provided, so that users can interact in real time and select the optimal construction plan.

[0105] Specifically, the optimized schedule information data can be exported and generated in the form of a network diagram or Gantt chart using MS Project software. The network diagram or Gantt chart can clearly display the various stages, tasks, duration, and previous and next relationships of the construction project, providing an effective reference and basis for construction management. The BIM model linked to the schedule time parameters is then exported to 3D rendering software such as Navisworks, and the 3D BIM model is combined with the time dimension to form a dynamic visualization of the construction process. Through 4D construction simulation, the status of the construction site can be observed at any time point, potential conflicts and risks can be detected, and changes in progress and costs can be evaluated by calculation, so as to optimize construction plans and strategies, improve construction efficiency and quality, and ensure the timely completion of the project.

[0106] The visualization of the BIM model of the construction progress is achieved, and the information related to the construction progress is shared. The correspondence between the BIM model components and the construction process can be achieved through the component numbering, so as to realize the automatic link between the project's BIM model and the construction schedule. Software such as Navisworks, Synchro PRO, and Twinmotion can be used for 3D rendering to display the construction sequence, play the construction process animation according to the preset timeline, and visualize the components at each stage. It helps users to understand the logic and rationality of the construction plan more clearly, communicate and collaborate more effectively, and evaluate and optimize the construction effect more accurately.

[0107] The introduction of interactive elements can help project members achieve real-time interaction and perform operations directly on the visual interface, such as adjusting the timeline, modifying the time of specific processes, etc., so that the feasibility of the construction plan can be analyzed in real time and fine-tuned. The system can provide real-time feedback on the impact of these adjustments on the overall construction progress, helping project members to more deeply analyze and optimize the construction plan and make more reasonable decisions.

[0108] The present invention develops a method and system that can extract and analyze construction activity-related data information from the BIM model, and automatically generate and optimize the construction schedule according to various constraints and optimization goals. It can not only improve the accuracy and efficiency of the schedule, but also realize the refinement and intelligence of the schedule, providing strong support for construction process simulation and future construction process visualization. Specific innovations include the following:

[0109] (1) IFC file parsing is used to extract the physical geometry data and engineering quantity information required in the process of automatic construction progress generation, so as to achieve efficient management and analysis of massive data. IFC file is an internationally used building information model exchange format, which contains various data information of construction projects, such as component type, location, shape, attributes, etc. The present invention uses IFC parsing technology to extract data information related to construction activities from the BIM model and store it in the database, which facilitates subsequent data processing and analysis and improves the efficiency of overall progress generation and optimization.

[0110] (2) Based on a large number of typical cases and construction standards, specifications, and manuals, a process knowledge base and a spatial constraint rule base are established, and the rules are refined to form a system to support other research in this field. The present invention collects and analyzes a large number of typical cases and construction standards, specifications, and manuals, summarizes the process sequence and spatial constraint relationship of construction activities under different building types and construction conditions, and summarizes them into a series of rules, which are stored in the process knowledge base and the spatial constraint rule base. These rules provide reference and support for other research in this field.

[0111] (3) Realize the automatic integration of the whole process of construction schedule generation and optimization. The present invention designs and implements a BIM-based construction schedule automatic generation and optimization system, which realizes the automatic integration of the whole process from extracting data information from the BIM model, to generating and optimizing the construction schedule according to various constraints and optimization goals, and then to outputting the visualization results. It effectively improves the efficiency and quality of schedule generation and optimization, reduces human intervention and errors, and provides more scientific and intelligent decision support for construction management.

[0112] The present invention provides a construction plan generation method and system integrating process knowledge base and space constraints, which utilizes building information model (BIM) technology to comprehensively and accurately extract flow section information and component information of a construction project by preprocessing the BIM model, and then utilizes a preset process knowledge base and space constraint rule base, as well as an objective function and constraint conditions, to obtain an optimal construction plan through intelligent calculation. Compared with the manual construction plan production method, the present invention has significant advantages in information acquisition, intelligent decision-making, automation and visualization, which can not only improve the quality and efficiency of the construction plan, but also provide more advanced tools and means for the management and execution of construction projects.

[0113] The following is a description of the construction plan generation system that integrates the process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention. The construction plan generation system that integrates the process knowledge base and space constraints described below and the construction plan generation method that integrates the process knowledge base and space constraints described above can be referenced to each other.

[0114] Reference Figure 3-Figure 4The present invention provides a construction plan generation system integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints, which may include:

[0115] A preprocessing module is used to obtain a BIM model of a construction project and preprocess the BIM model to obtain information of several flow sections of the construction project and component information of each flow section, wherein the component information includes component type and component attributes;

[0116] The process matching module is used to obtain the construction process of each component based on the component information and the preset process knowledge base;

[0117] The space constraint module is used to obtain the construction sequence between the flow sections according to the flow section information and the preset space constraint rule library;

[0118] The construction plan generation module is used to obtain the initial construction plan of the construction project according to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between the flow sections, and the relationship between the components and the flow sections;

[0119] The construction plan optimization module is used to optimize the initial construction plan according to the preset objective function and constraints to obtain a series of feasible construction plans;

[0120] The visualization module is used to visualize a series of feasible construction plans for real-time interaction by users.

[0121] According to a construction plan generation system integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, the preprocessing module may include:

[0122] The first sub-module is used to: divide the BIM model into floors, areas, and units according to the structure and function of the building to obtain sub-models of different levels and granularities;

[0123] The second segmentation submodule is used to further segment each submodel according to the preset axis grid according to the characteristics and requirements of the construction project to obtain a number of flow sections, each of which contains a certain number and type of components to form flow section information;

[0124] The identification submodule is used to identify and classify each component of each flow section and assign a unique number to each component to form component information.

[0125] According to a construction plan generation system integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, the process matching module may include:

[0126] The retrieval submodule is used to: search in the preset process knowledge base according to the component information, obtain the construction process and related information matching the component, and store the construction process and related information of each component in the data table;

[0127] The optimization submodule is used to: analyze and optimize the construction procedures and related information of different components in the data table to obtain the first construction procedure of each component;

[0128] The adjustment submodule is used to adjust the first construction process according to the construction conditions of the construction project to obtain the second construction process of each component.

[0129] According to a construction plan generation system integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, the space constraint module may include:

[0130] The first matching submodule is used to obtain the sequential constraints of the processes required for different components through a preset space constraint rule library according to the construction plan of each component;

[0131] The second matching submodule is used to: combine the flow section information and the sequence constraints of the processes required for different components, obtain the construction sequence between the flow sections through a preset space constraint rule library, and store the construction sequence between the flow sections in a data table.

[0132] According to a construction plan generation system integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, a construction plan generation module may include:

[0133] The analysis and matching submodule is used to: analyze the relationship between each component and the flow section to achieve accurate matching between the component and the flow section;

[0134] The scheme generation submodule is used to: integrate the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections, and the relationship between components and flow sections to obtain the initial construction scheme of the construction project;

[0135] The format conversion submodule is used to convert the initial construction plan into a data table in a universal format for output.

[0136] According to a construction plan generation system integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, a construction plan optimization module may include:

[0137] Data import submodule: convert the formatted data table into a computable mathematical model;

[0138] The calculation and solution submodule is used to solve the computable mathematical model using an optimization algorithm according to the preset objective function and constraints to obtain a series of feasible construction plans.

[0139] According to a construction plan generation system integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints provided by the present invention, the visualization module may include:

[0140] The graphical generation submodule is used to: generate a network diagram or Gantt chart based on a series of feasible construction plans to show the various stages, tasks, durations, and previous and next relationships of the construction project;

[0141] The dynamic display submodule is used to link the BIM model of the construction project with the time schedule parameters of a series of feasible construction plans to form a dynamic visualization of the construction plan.

[0142] The real-time interaction submodule is used to: introduce interactive elements, realize dynamic adjustment of timelines, specific processes, etc. on the visual interface, and provide real-time feedback on the impact of adjustments on the overall construction progress so that users can interact in real time.

[0143] Figure 5 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 810, a communication interface 820, a memory 830 and a communication bus 840, wherein the processor 810, the communication interface 820 and the memory 830 communicate with each other through the communication bus 840. The processor 810 may call the logic instructions in the memory 830 to execute a construction plan generation method integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints, the method comprising:

[0144] Obtain a BIM model of the construction project, and pre-process the BIM model to obtain information on several flow sections of the construction project and component information of each flow section, wherein the component information includes component type and component attributes;

[0145] According to the component information, the construction process of each component is obtained through the preset process knowledge base;

[0146] According to the flow section information, the construction sequence between flow sections is obtained through the preset space constraint rule library;

[0147] According to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections and the relationship between components and flow sections, the initial construction plan of the construction project is obtained;

[0148] According to the preset objective function and constraints, the initial construction plan is optimized to obtain a series of feasible construction plans;

[0149] Visualize a series of feasible construction plans for users to interact in real time.

[0150] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 830 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0151] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program, the computer program can be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the construction plan generation method for integrating the process knowledge base and the space constraints provided by the above methods, the method includes:

[0152] Obtain a BIM model of the construction project, and pre-process the BIM model to obtain information on several flow sections of the construction project and component information of each flow section, wherein the component information includes component type and component attributes;

[0153] According to the component information, the construction process of each component is obtained through the preset process knowledge base;

[0154] According to the flow section information, the construction sequence between flow sections is obtained through the preset space constraint rule library;

[0155] According to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections and the relationship between components and flow sections, the initial construction plan of the construction project is obtained;

[0156] According to the preset objective function and constraints, the initial construction plan is optimized to obtain a series of feasible construction plans;

[0157] Visualize a series of feasible construction plans for users to interact in real time.

[0158] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is implemented when the computer program is executed by a processor to execute the construction plan generation method for integrating the process knowledge base and the space constraints provided by the above methods, the method comprising:

[0159] Obtain a BIM model of the construction project, and pre-process the BIM model to obtain information on several flow sections of the construction project and component information of each flow section, wherein the component information includes component type and component attributes;

[0160] According to the component information, the construction process of each component is obtained through the preset process knowledge base;

[0161] According to the flow section information, the construction sequence between flow sections is obtained through the preset space constraint rule library;

[0162] According to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections and the relationship between components and flow sections, the initial construction plan of the construction project is obtained;

[0163] According to the preset objective function and constraints, the initial construction plan is optimized to obtain a series of feasible construction plans;

[0164] Visualize a series of feasible construction plans for users to interact in real time.

[0165] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0166] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0167] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction plan generation method integrating process knowledge base and space constraints, characterized in that: include: Obtain a BIM model of the construction project, and pre-process the BIM model to obtain information on several flow sections of the construction project and component information of each flow section, wherein the component information includes component type and component attributes; According to the component information, the construction process of each component is obtained through the preset process knowledge base; According to the flow section information, the construction sequence between flow sections is obtained through the preset space constraint rule library; According to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections and the relationship between components and flow sections, the initial construction plan of the construction project is obtained; According to the preset objective function and constraints, the initial construction plan is optimized to obtain a series of feasible construction plans; Visualize a series of feasible construction plans for users to interact in real time; The step of obtaining a BIM model of the construction project and preprocessing the BIM model to obtain information of several flow sections of the construction project and component information of each flow section includes: According to the structure and function of the building, the BIM model is divided into floors, areas, and units to obtain sub-models of different levels and granularities; According to the characteristics and requirements of the construction project, each sub-model is further divided according to the preset axis grid to obtain a number of flow sections. Each flow section contains a certain number and type of components to form flow section information; Identify and classify each component of each flow section, and assign a unique number to each component to form component information; Wherein, the construction process of each component is obtained according to the component information through a preset process knowledge base, including: According to the component information, search in the preset process knowledge base to obtain the construction process and related information matching the component, and store the construction process and related information of each component in the data table; Analyze and optimize the construction procedures and related information of different components in the data table to obtain the first construction procedure of each component; According to the construction conditions of the construction project, the first construction process is adjusted to obtain the second construction process of each component; Among them, the preset process knowledge base is used to store rules, including rules related to the logical relationship of construction activities and rules related to the duration of construction activities. The structure and content of the process knowledge base include process name, construction sequence, construction method, required materials, equipment, personnel, time, and cost; The preset space constraint rule library refers to a series of space constraint rules summarized according to different building types and construction conditions, which are used to guide the automatic arrangement of the progress plan. Among them, a complete project construction process consists of four parts: structural construction, building construction, equipment installation, and decoration and decoration. There are three logical relationships between the flow sections: sequential, parallel and cross.

2. The construction plan generation method integrating process knowledge base and space constraints according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Component types include any one of the following or any combination: walls, columns, beams, floors, doors and windows. Component properties include any one of the following or any combination: size, weight, material. Characteristics and requirements of the construction project include any one of the following or any combination: type, scale, structure, process, objectives, and conditions of the construction project.

3. The construction plan generation method integrating process knowledge base and space constraints according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The construction sequence between the flow sections is obtained according to the flow section information by using a preset space constraint rule library, including: According to the construction process of each component, the sequence constraints of the processes required for different components are obtained through the preset space constraint rule library; Combining the flow section information and the sequence constraints of the processes required for different components, the construction sequence between the flow sections is obtained through the preset spatial constraint rule library, and the construction sequence between the flow sections is stored in the data table.

4. The method for generating a construction plan integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The initial construction plan of the construction project is obtained according to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections and the relationship between the components and the flow sections, including: Match components with flow sections according to the relationship between each component and flow section; By integrating the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between flow sections, and the relationship between components and flow sections, the initial construction plan of the construction project is obtained and converted into a data table in a common format for output.

5. The method for generating a construction plan integrating a process knowledge base and space constraints according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The initial construction plan is optimized according to the preset objective function and constraint conditions to obtain a series of feasible construction plans, including: Convert the formatted data table into a computable mathematical model; Combined with the preset objective function and constraints, the optimization algorithm is used to solve the computable mathematical model to obtain a series of feasible construction plans.

6. The construction plan generation method integrating process knowledge base and space constraints according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The series of feasible construction solutions are visualized, including: Generate a network diagram or Gantt chart based on a series of feasible construction plans to show the various stages, tasks, duration, and context of the construction project; Link the BIM model of the construction project with the time schedule parameters of a series of feasible construction plans to realize the visualization of a series of feasible construction plans; Introduce interactive elements for users to interact in real time.

7. A construction plan generation system integrating process knowledge base and space constraints, characterized in that: include: A preprocessing module is used to obtain a BIM model of the construction project and preprocess the BIM model to obtain information of several flow sections of the construction project and component information of each flow section, wherein the component information includes component type and component attributes; The process matching module is used to obtain the construction process of each component based on the component information and the preset process knowledge base; The space constraint module is used to obtain the construction sequence between the flow sections according to the flow section information and the preset space constraint rule library; The construction plan generation module is used to obtain the initial construction plan of the construction project according to the construction process of each component, the construction sequence between the flow sections, and the relationship between the components and the flow sections; The construction plan optimization module is used to optimize the initial construction plan according to the preset objective function and constraints to obtain a series of feasible construction plans; Visualization module, used to: visualize a series of feasible construction plans for users to interact in real time; Among them, the preprocessing module includes: The first sub-module is used to: divide the BIM model into floors, areas, and units according to the structure and function of the building to obtain sub-models of different levels and granularities; The second segmentation submodule is used to further segment each submodel according to the preset axis grid according to the characteristics and requirements of the construction project to obtain a number of flow sections, each of which contains a certain number and type of components to form flow section information; The identification submodule is used to: identify and classify each component of each flow section, and assign a unique number to each component to form component information; Among them, the process matching module includes: The retrieval submodule is used to: search in the preset process knowledge base according to the component information, obtain the construction process and related information matching the component, and store the construction process and related information of each component in the data table; The optimization submodule is used to: analyze and optimize the construction procedures and related information of different components in the data table to obtain the first construction procedure of each component; The adjustment submodule is used to: adjust the first construction process according to the construction conditions of the construction project to obtain the second construction process of each component; Among them, the preset process knowledge base is used to store rules, including rules related to the logical relationship of construction activities and rules related to the duration of construction activities. The structure and content of the process knowledge base include process name, construction sequence, construction method, required materials, equipment, personnel, time, and cost; The preset space constraint rule library refers to a series of space constraint rules summarized according to different building types and construction conditions, which are used to guide the automatic arrangement of the progress plan. Among them, a complete project construction process consists of four parts: structural construction, building construction, equipment installation, and decoration and decoration. There are three logical relationships between the flow sections: sequential, parallel and cross.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, it implements the construction plan generation method that integrates the process knowledge base and space constraints as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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