Metal powder crushing and screening device

Abstract

The present application discloses a metal powder crushing and screening device, which belongs to the technical field of screening equipment, and is used to provide a crushing and screening device that can make the coarseness of metal powder more consistent, including a chassis, wherein a crusher, a main feed belt and a grading feed belt are arranged in the chassis, the crusher is suitable for providing metal powder to the main feed belt, the main feed belt is located below the grading feed belt, the main feed belt has through holes that pass through the inner and outer walls, but only allows air to pass through, and the grading feed belt includes a first-level dividing belt, a second-level dividing belt and a third-level dividing belt that also have through holes that pass through the inner and outer walls. The present invention can grade the coarseness and fineness of the crushed metal powder by setting multiple levels of dividing belts with different apertures, and coordinating with graded storage compartments. The coarseness and fineness of the metal powder in each level will be more consistent, which is conducive to precision control during printing, and the material distribution uniformity of the product will be higher and the precision will be better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of screening equipment, and in particular to a metal powder crushing and screening device. Background Art

[0002] The use of rapid prototyping technology for complex metal products requires the use of metal powder as the raw material. The coarseness of the metal powder will affect the discharge speed and accuracy, and thus affect the quality and performance of the finished product. Usually, for a device that can be used for metal rapid prototyping, metal powder larger than a certain size cannot be used and needs to be removed. Therefore, after the metal powder is produced, it will be screened. Although the metal powder after screening can all be used, the coarseness of qualified metal powder is not consistent. Although it is mixed at the beginning, it is placed in the material box of the printing equipment. Due to the long-term working vibration of the printing equipment, the fine material will continue to sink, which results in the coarseness of the discharged material being inconsistent. Specifically, the coarse and fine materials are mixed at the beginning of printing, there is more fine material in the middle section, and more coarse material in the latter section. Whether using laser or spraying, it is not conducive to the control of the accuracy and uniformity of the finished product, especially for metal products with high precision requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a crushing and screening device that can make the coarseness of metal powder more consistent.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a metal powder crushing and screening device: comprising a chassis, wherein a crusher, a main feed belt and a grading feed belt are arranged in the chassis, the crusher is suitable for providing metal powder to the main feed belt, the main feed belt is located below the grading feed belt, the main feed belt has through holes penetrating the inner and outer walls, but only allows air to pass through, the grading feed belt comprises a first-level dividing belt, a second-level dividing belt and a third-level dividing belt which also have through holes penetrating the inner and outer walls, the apertures of the openings of the three dividing belts increase successively, and allow air and metal powder to pass through, the heights of the three dividing belts increase successively, and in the horizontal direction, the second-level dividing belt is located between the first-level dividing belt and the third-level dividing belt, and the horizontal projection of the second-level dividing belt is parallel to the first-level dividing belt and the third-level dividing belt. The projections of the material belts on the horizontal plane have overlapping parts. A material dividing assembly and a driver are arranged outside the chassis. The material dividing assembly includes a first-level screen, a second-level screen and a third-level screen. The first-level screen is suitable for extracting metal powder that can pass through the first-level material dividing belt out of the chassis, the second-level screen is suitable for extracting metal powder that can pass through the second-level material dividing belt out of the chassis, the third-level screen is suitable for extracting metal powder that can pass through the third-level material dividing belt out of the chassis, the material dividing assembly is suitable for returning the extracted air back into the chassis, and a return channel is provided in the chassis above the graded feeding belt, which is suitable for extracting metal powder that cannot pass through the third-level feeding belt back to the crusher, and the driver is suitable for driving the main feeding belt and the graded feeding belt to perform flexible activities, thereby driving the metal powder that needs to be screened to move.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment, the first-stage sub-screening, the second-stage sub-screening and the third-stage sub-screening all have an external fan located outside the chassis, the air inlet end of the external fan is connected to an air inlet pipe, the end of the air inlet pipe extends into the chassis and is fixedly connected to a suction port, a filter plate is also provided in the suction port, the exhaust end of the external fan is connected to a sealed box through an exhaust pipe, the sealed box is equipped with a storage cabin, which is suitable for storing metal powder of qualified size, and a return air duct is provided at the bottom of the sealed box, which is suitable for connecting the sealed box with the inner bottom of the chassis, providing an upward airflow to the inner bottom of the chassis.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the back of the sealed box is open, suitable for inserting or withdrawing the storage cabin, the top of the sealed box is provided with an air inlet connected to the exhaust duct, and the bottom of the sealed box is provided with an exhaust port connected to the return air duct; the storage cabin includes a collection box with an open upper end, the bottom of the collection box is a breathable plate that only allows air to pass through, and the side of the collection box facing away from the sealed box is fixedly connected to a sealing baffle, and the outer side of the sealing baffle is provided with a longitudinal handle to facilitate pushing and pulling the storage cabin.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the crusher includes a crushing box fixed inside the chassis, the lower end of the crushing box is provided with a discharge port located above the main feed belt, the upper end of the crushing box has a feeding port extending to the outside of the chassis, and the upper end of the feeding port is provided with a sealing cover, which is suitable for being normally closed to maintain the sealing of the inside of the chassis when no material is added.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the return channel includes a return pipe connected to the interior of the crushing box, and the return pipe is fixedly connected to a return port at one end away from the crushing box. The return port is located above the end of the third-level dividing belt away from the second-level dividing belt. The return pipe is provided with a built-in fan to generate an airflow to suck in metal powder that exceeds the size standard.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the chassis includes a front covering plate and a rear covering plate, and a plurality of pairs of transmission rollers are rotatably connected between the front covering plate and the rear covering plate, and the transmission rollers include rollers in contact with the inner wall of the main feed belt or the graded feed belt, and both ends of the rollers have coaxial end shafts, the inner wall of the front covering plate is provided with a forward shaft hole, and the inner wall of the rear covering plate is provided with a backward shaft hole, both of which are suitable for cooperating with the end shafts to form a rotating pair, and the output end of the driver is connected to the end shaft; the front covering plate is also provided with a pipe through-hole, which is suitable for the air inlet pipe to pass through, and the contact surface is tightly fitted, which can effectively prevent air leakage from the chassis.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the front and rear side surfaces of the main feeding belt have long inner embedded edges, and a long concave groove is formed between the outer side surface of the main feeding belt and the inner walls of the two long inner embedded edges. The front and rear side surfaces of the first-level dividing belt, the second-level dividing belt and the third-level dividing belt all have short inner embedded edges, and a short concave groove is formed between the outer side surface of each dividing belt and the inner walls of its two short inner embedded edges. The inner wall of the front sealing plate is provided with a front inner embedded groove, and the inner wall of the rear sealing plate is provided with a rear inner embedded groove. The front inner embedded groove and the rear inner embedded groove are suitable for being engaged with the long inner embedded edge or the short inner embedded edge to form a sliding pair, and the formed engaging structure can effectively avoid airflow turbulence.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the upper ends of the front and rear sealing plates are fixedly connected to an upper sealing plate, and the upper sealing plate has a through structure allowing the feeding port to pass through. The lower ends of the front and rear sealing plates are fixedly connected to a lower sealing plate, and the lower sealing plate includes an inclined plate with an inclined upper surface, and the inclined plate is provided with a return air hole connecting the interior of the chassis and the interior of the return air duct. The bottom surfaces of the front and rear sealing plates are respectively fixedly connected to side plates between the upper surfaces of the inclined plates to fill the gaps between the inclined plates and the front and rear sealing plates.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, a waste bin is provided at the bottom of the lower cover plate, and the waste bin is connected to the interior of the chassis through the lower end of the upper surface of the inclined plate, and the waste bin includes a sealing frame fixed to the lower surface of the inclined plate, and a collection drawer is movably connected to the sealing frame, and a slide groove is provided on the outer side of the collection drawer, and the inner wall of the sealing frame has a guide bar, which is suitable for cooperating with the slide groove to form a sliding pair, and the front and rear cover plates are fixedly connected to the left cover plate on one side and the right cover plate on the other side. The left cover plate is provided with a drawer opening at a position below the inclined plate, which is suitable for the collection drawer to pass through, and the collection drawer is fixedly connected to a limiting baffle on the side away from the sealing frame, and the outer side of the limiting baffle is provided with a horizontal handle; the left cover plate is provided with a tail window, and the right cover plate is provided with a head window, so that workers can observe the working conditions inside the chassis from the outside.

[0013] As a preference, a scraper brush is fixedly arranged between the front sealing plate and the rear sealing plate, which is suitable for isolating the graded feeding belt. The scraper brush includes a first-level brush body located on the upper surface of the first-level dividing belt and the lower surface of the second-level dividing belt, and a second-level brush body located on the upper surface of the second-level dividing belt and the lower surface of the third-level dividing belt, which is used to prevent metal powder from passing through the gap between the upper and lower dividing belts.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] (1) By setting up multiple levels of material distribution belts with different apertures and coordinating with graded storage tanks, the crushed metal powder can be graded into coarse and fine grades. The coarseness of each grade of metal powder will be more consistent, which is conducive to precision control during printing. The material distribution uniformity of the product will also be higher and the precision will be better.

[0016] (2) By setting up a return channel that can generate suction, metal powder that exceeds the size standard can be returned to the crusher for repeated refinement, thereby improving the utilization rate of unqualified coarse materials.

[0017] (3) The device uses wind power to achieve automatic material return circulation, with a high degree of automation and minimal human involvement.

[0018] (4) Utilize airflow as the sieving power and rationally design the airflow circulation channel so that the airflow forms a circulation during the working process, thereby improving the kinetic energy utilization rate and reducing energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is the first stereoscopic schematic diagram of the overall structure of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a second stereoscopic schematic diagram of the overall structure of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0021] Figure 3 This is the first stereoscopic schematic diagram of the internal structure of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a second stereoscopic schematic diagram of the internal structure of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0023] Figure 5 This is the third stereoscopic schematic diagram of the internal structure of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of the scraper brushes between the dividing belts of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the material distribution channel and the crusher of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the waste bin of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the front sealing plate of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0028] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rear sealing plate of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the material distribution component of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the material distribution component of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a third three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the material dividing assembly of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0032] Figure 14 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the sealing box of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0033] Figure 15 This is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the storage compartment of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0034] Figure 16 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the storage compartment of the metal powder crushing and screening device.

[0035] In the figure: 1, chassis; 110, upper cover plate; 120, lower cover plate; 121, inclined plate; 122, side plate; 123, return air vent; 130, left cover plate; 131, rear window; 132, drawer opening; 140, right cover plate; 141, front window; 150, front cover plate; 151, forward axis hole; 152, front embedded groove; 153, pipe opening; 160, rear cover plate; 161, rear axis hole; 1 62. Rear embedded groove; 170. Scraper brush; 171. Primary brush body; 172. Secondary brush body; 2. Material separation assembly; 201. Suction port; 202. Filter plate; 203. Air inlet duct; 204. Exhaust duct; 205. External fan; 206. Return air duct; 210. Primary sub-screen; 220. Secondary sub-screen; 230. Third-stage sub-screen; 240. Sealing box; 241. Air inlet; 242. Exhaust 250, storage compartment; 251, collection box; 252, sealing baffle; 253, breathable plate; 254, longitudinal handle; 3, crusher; 301, crushing box; 302, discharge port; 303, feeding port; 304, sealing cover; 4, drive; 5, main feed belt; 501, long concave groove; 502, long inner edge; 6, graded feed belt; 601, short concave groove; 602, short inner edge ; 610, first-level dividing belt; 620, second-level dividing belt; 630, third-level dividing belt; 7, return channel; 701, return port; 702, return pipe; 703, built-in fan; 8, waste compartment; 801, collection drawer; 802, limit baffle; 803, horizontal handle; 804, sealing frame; 805, guide strip; 806, slide; 9, transmission roller; 901, roller; 902, end shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Below, the present application is further described in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that for directional words, such as the terms "center", "horizontal", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and so on, indicating the orientation and position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and cannot be understood as limiting the specific scope of protection of this application.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0039] The terms "comprises" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus that includes a series of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, product or apparatus.

[0040] like Figure 1-16 The metal powder crushing and screening device shown includes a well-sealed chassis 1. During operation, the device hardly exchanges air with the outside atmosphere. A crusher 3, a main feed belt 5 and a grading feed belt 6 are arranged inside the chassis 1, and a dividing component 2 and a driver 4 are arranged outside the chassis 1. The driver 4 is used to drive the main feed belt 5 and the grading feed belt 6 to perform flexible activities, that is, to allow the main feed belt 5 and the grading feed belt 6 to rotate in the horizontal direction like a conveyor belt.

[0041] The chassis 1 includes two front sealing plates 150 and a rear sealing plate 160 with the largest area. There are several pairs of transmission rollers 9 rotatably connected between the front sealing plate 150 and the rear sealing plate 160. These transmission rollers 9 are the direct components that drive the main feeding belt 5 and the grading feeding belt 6. The transmission roller 9 includes a roller 901 that contacts the inner wall of the main feeding belt 5 or the grading feeding belt 6. The roller 901 is cylindrical and transmits power to the feeding belt surrounding it through contact friction. Both ends of the roller 901 have a coaxial end shaft 902. The diameter of the end shaft 902 is significantly smaller than that of the roller 901 and is not in direct contact with the main feeding belt 5 or the dividing belt. The inner wall of the front sealing plate 150 is provided with a forward shaft hole 151, and the inner wall of the rear sealing plate 160 is provided with a backward shaft hole 161. Bearings and sealing components may also be set in the hole, but they are all for cooperating with the end shaft 902 to form a rotating pair, thereby limiting the freedom of movement of the transmission roller 9. The output end of the driver 4 is connected to the end shaft 902. The driver 4 has an electric motor as a power source, and a reducer for reducing the speed and increasing the torque. Moreover, there is usually not only one reducer, but there are multiple reducers according to the speed requirements of different transmission rollers 9. They are connected to the output end of the motor through a gear set. Correspondingly, there is more than one output end of the reducer. At the same time, a pair of transmission rollers 9 acting on a feed belt have at least one end shaft 902 fixedly connected to the output end of the reducer. This all belongs to the existing technology, and the specific transmission details will not be repeated here.

[0042] The crusher 3 has a component inside that can refine metal solids, which is used to provide metal powder to the main feed belt 5. The crusher 3 includes a crushing box 301 fixed inside the chassis 1, and its interior is the main place for refining metal solids. The lower end of the crushing box 301 is provided with a discharge port 302 located above the main feed belt 5, which discharges the refined metal powder to the upper surface of the main feed belt 5. The metal powder will follow the main feed belt 5 to move below the grading feed belt 6. The upper end of the crushing box 301 has a feeding port 303 extending to the outside of the chassis 1, which is convenient for adding metal raw materials into the crushing box 301. The upper ends of the front sealing plate 150 and the rear sealing plate 160 are fixedly connected to the upper sealing plate 110 to shield and seal the chassis 1. At the upper open end, the upper sealing plate 110 has a through structure that allows the feeding port 303 to pass through, but the through structure is in close contact with the outer wall of the feeding port 303, and the air tightness is still relatively good. A sealing cover 304 is provided at the upper end of the feeding port 303, and a sealing structure and a locking structure are provided on the end face of the upper sealing plate 110 facing the feeding port 303. After closing the cover, the crushing box 301 can also be blocked from exchanging air with the outside world. Therefore, the sealing cover 304 is normally closed, especially when the device is working, the sealing cover 304 must be closed to avoid airflow from the feeding port 303 to or from the feeding port 303, which affects the stability of the air pressure inside the chassis 1. Under normal circumstances, the sealing cover 304 will be opened to replenish metal materials only when the device is shut down.

[0043] The main feeding belt 5 is located below the graded feeding belt 6 and is the first component to receive metal powder. The main feeding belt 5 has through holes that penetrate the inner and outer walls, but only allows air to pass through, and the pore size is usually only about 5μm. The graded feeding belt 6 includes a first-level dividing belt 610, a second-level dividing belt 620 and a third-level dividing belt 630 that also have through holes that penetrate the inner and outer walls. The pore sizes of the openings of the three dividing belts increase in sequence and allow air and metal powder to pass through. Normally, the pore size of the first-level dividing belt 610 is in the range of 20~30μm, and the pore size of the second-level dividing belt 620 is in the range of 20~30μm. The aperture of the three-level dividing belt 630 is within the range of 50~60μm, and the aperture of the three-level dividing belt 630 is within the range of 80~90μm; on the other hand, the arrangement of the three dividing belts is also exquisite. The heights of the three are successively increased, and in the horizontal direction, the secondary dividing belt 620 is located between the primary dividing belt 610 and the tertiary dividing belt 630, that is, they are arranged at intervals along the inclined direction. The horizontal projection of the secondary dividing belt 620 overlaps with the horizontal projections of the primary dividing belt 610 and the tertiary dividing belt 630. In fact, a small section of the end portion is overlapped, so that after the primary dividing belt The metal powder on the material belt 610 can fall upward onto the secondary material belt 620. Similarly, the metal powder passing through the secondary material belt 620 will also fall upward onto the tertiary material belt 630. In order to avoid damage caused by relative friction between the three material belts, no two of them will be allowed to directly contact each other. It is necessary to leave gaps between adjacent material belts. In order to prevent metal powder that does not meet the size from entering the position it should not enter through the preset gap, it is necessary to fix a scraper brush 170 between the front sealing plate 150 and the rear sealing plate 160 to separate the various parts of the graded feeding belt 6. The scraper brush 170 It includes a first-level brush body 171 located on the upper surface of the first-level dividing belt 610 and the lower surface of the second-level dividing belt 620, which can prevent the metal powder from moving above the first-level dividing belt 610. It also includes a second-level brush body 172 located on the upper surface of the second-level dividing belt 620 and the lower surface of the third-level dividing belt 630, which is used to prevent the metal powder from moving above the second-level dividing belt 620. The scraper brush 170 does not allow solid matter to pass through and can only allow air to pass through at most. Therefore, the metal powder leaving the end of the previous dividing belt can only flow to the next dividing belt or continue to return to the crusher 3 upward.

[0044] The front and rear sides of the main feeding belt 5 have long inlaid edges 502, which are relatively small in width, but are significantly thicker than the main body of the main feeding belt 5. A long concave groove 501 is formed between the outer side of the main feeding belt 5 and the inner walls of the two long inlaid edges 502. The through-hole structure on the main feeding belt 5 is only opened in the long concave groove 501. The front and rear sides of the first-level dividing belt 610, the second-level dividing belt 620 and the third-level dividing belt 630 all have short inlaid edges 602. A short concave groove 601 is formed between the outer side of each dividing belt and the inner walls of its own two short inlaid edges 602, which is similar to the structure of the main feeding belt 5. The hole structure is also only opened in the short concave groove 601. The inner wall of the front sealing plate 150 is provided with a front embedded groove 152, and the inner wall of the rear sealing plate 160 is provided with a rear embedded groove 162. The front embedded groove 152 and the rear embedded groove 162 are used to be embedded with the long embedded edge 502 or the short embedded edge 602 to form a sliding pair, which is used to block the airflow from passing through the front and rear side edges of the main feeding belt 5 and the dividing belt. In this way, the metal powder will be distributed more evenly in the concave groove, because if there is airflow on the front and rear sides, the metal powder will be gathered to the middle of the concave groove. At the same time, the airflow through the main feeding belt 5 is reduced, so that the air pressure of the metal powder suspension will also be reduced.

[0045] The material separation component 2 includes a first-level screen 210, a second-level screen 220 and a third-level screen 230, which correspond one-to-one to the three-level classification belts. Specifically, the first-level screen 210 can extract the metal powder that can pass through the first-level classification belt 610 from the chassis 1, the second-level screen 220 can extract the metal powder that can pass through the second-level classification belt 620 from the chassis 1, and the third-level screen 230 can extract the metal powder that can pass through the third-level classification belt 630 from the chassis 1. In this way, the metal powder can be collected in grades according to different coarseness. Of course, the three-level grade in this embodiment is only for reference. In actual use, the grade can be determined according to needs, which can be one level, two levels, four levels, etc.

[0046] It should be noted that in order to achieve this form of material separation, the first-stage sub-screen 210, the second-stage sub-screen 220 and the third-stage sub-screen 230 should all have an external fan 205 located outside the chassis 1. The three external fans 205 are independent of each other and are used to push air to generate airflow. The power selected for the external fan 205 is usually relatively large to ensure that the metal powder can be sucked up. The air inlet end of the external fan 205 is connected to the air inlet pipe 203, and the front sealing plate 150 is also provided with a pipe through-hole 153 for the air inlet pipe 203 to pass through. The inner wall of the pipe through-hole 153 is also in close contact with the outer side of the air inlet pipe 203, thereby ensuring air tightness. The end of the air inlet pipe 203 extends into the chassis 1 and A suction port 201 is fixedly connected, and the suction port 201 has an inverted funnel-shaped structure with a large lower end and a small upper end, and the lower end of the suction port 201 is very close to the upper surface of the corresponding dividing belt, and the gap is usually controlled at the millimeter level, and the shape of the lower end of the suction port 201 and the upper surface of the dividing belt is also very clear, which can almost cover more than 85% of the area of ​​the upper surface of the dividing belt. In this way, as long as the diameter of the metal powder below the dividing belt is smaller than the aperture of the dividing belt, most of it can be sucked up. A filter plate 202 is also provided in the suction port 201, and the aperture of the filter plate 202 is slightly larger than the aperture of the lower dividing belt, usually 5~10μm larger, which can effectively avoid the problem of filter hole clogging during the suction process.

[0047] The exhaust end of the external fan 205 is connected to the sealed box 240 through the exhaust pipe 204. The sealed box 240 does not exchange air with the outside during the operation of the device, further ensuring the constant air pressure inside the chassis 1. The sealed box 240 is equipped with a storage compartment 250 for storing metal powder of qualified size. In fact, the specifications of the three storage compartments 250 are the same, but due to the different settings, the coarseness of the metal powder collected is not the same. The bottom of the sealed box 240 is provided with a return air duct 206 for connecting the sealed box 240 with the inner bottom of the chassis 1, and for sending the airflow discharged by the external fan 205 back to the chassis 1 to replenish the air in the chassis 1 extracted by the external fan 205. That is to say, the material distribution component 2 can return the extracted air to the chassis 1, although negative pressure can also be used from The outside air is sucked in, but the kinetic energy of the airflow will be wasted. Directly using the return air is beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction. On the other hand, the lower ends of the front sealing plate 150 and the rear sealing plate 160 are fixedly connected with the lower sealing plate 120 for shielding and sealing the lower open end of the chassis 1. The lower sealing plate 120 includes an inclined plate 121 with an inclined upper surface. The metal powder can slide down along the upper surface of the inclined plate 121. The inclined plate 121 is provided with a return air hole 123 connecting the interior of the chassis 1 and the interior of the return air duct 206, which can diffuse the cylindrical airflow, thereby making the airflow pressure from bottom to top more uniform. The bottom surfaces of the front sealing plate 150 and the rear sealing plate 160 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inclined plate 121 to form a gap between the inclined plate 121 and the bottom surfaces of the front sealing plate 150 and the rear sealing plate 160 to avoid air leakage, thereby ensuring the airtightness inside the chassis 1.

[0048] The back of the sealed box 240 is open, and the storage compartment 250 can be inserted or extracted. This matching method is conducive to the placement and removal of the storage compartment 250, and is convenient for replacement and unloading. The top of the sealed box 240 is provided with an air inlet 241 connected to the exhaust duct 204, and the bottom of the sealed box 240 is provided with an exhaust port 242 connected to the return air duct 206. When the sealed box 240 is in a closed state, air will enter from the air inlet 241 and be discharged from the exhaust port 242; the storage compartment 250 includes a collection box 251 with an open top, the interior of which is the main space for storing metal, and the bottom of the collection box 251 is a breathable plate 253 that only allows air to pass through. The metal powder is intercepted above the breathable plate 253, and the metal powder allows air to pass through, that is to say, the metal powder accumulated below is also It has a filtering effect, but as the thickness of the metal powder increases, its resistance to airflow will also increase. Therefore, the thickness of the metal powder collection can be roughly judged by detecting the upper and lower air pressure difference, thereby helping the operator to confirm when the storage cabin 250 can be replaced. The collection box 251 is fixedly connected to the side facing away from the sealing box 240 with a sealing baffle 252. The sealing baffle 252 is provided with a sealing structure and a locking structure on the end face of the sealing box 240, so that the sealing box 240 with an open mouth has good sealing. The outer side of the sealing baffle 252 is provided with a longitudinal handle 254. In this embodiment, there are usually two longitudinal handles 254, which are arranged up and down. Holding the collection box 251 with both hands separately can make it more convenient and labor-saving to pull out or put in the collection box 251.

[0049] A return channel 7 is provided in the chassis 1, which is located above the grading feeding belt 6 and is used to return metal solids with a size greater than 90 μm to the crusher 3 for further refinement. To this end, the return channel 7 needs to include a return pipe 702 connected to the inside of the crushing box 301. The inside of the return pipe 702 is a one-way channel, and the air flow is not allowed to flow reversely. The end of the return pipe 702 away from the crushing box 301 is fixedly connected to a return port 701, and the return port 701 faces downward. The return port 701 is above the end of the third-level dividing belt 630 away from the second-level dividing belt 620, which can just catch the metal powder that cannot pass through the third-level dividing belt 630. A built-in fan 703 is provided on the return pipe 702, which can generate strong suction to draw large volumes of metal solids back to the crusher 3 for further refinement.

[0050] A waste bin 8 is provided at the bottom of the lower sealing plate 120 for collecting heavier metal solids that slide down the inclined plate 121 and are not sucked up by the airflow. The waste bin 8 is connected to the interior of the chassis 1 through the lower end of the upper surface of the inclined plate 121, so that the metal solids can fall into the waste bin 8 and be collected. Since the metal solids that cannot be sucked up by the airflow are very small, the volume of the waste bin 8 does not need to be made very large. It is sufficient to have at least one component for collecting the residues inside the chassis 1. The waste compartment 8 includes a sealing frame 804 fixed to the lower surface of the inclined plate 121, and a collection drawer 801 is movably connected in the sealing frame 804. When the collection drawer 801 is fully inserted into the sealing frame 804, the bottom of the chassis 1 will not be breathable. A slide groove 806 is provided on the outer side of the collection drawer 801, and a guide strip 805 is provided on the inner wall of the sealing frame 804 for cooperating with the slide groove 806 to form a sliding pair. The stepped matching structure of the sliding pair can effectively block the air from entering the cabinet 1. Flow passes through, so the sealing frame 804 can bring good air tightness. One side of the front sealing plate 150 and the rear sealing plate 160 are fixedly connected to the left sealing plate 130, and the other side is fixedly connected to the right sealing plate 140, which is used to cover and seal the left and right open sides of the chassis 1. The left sealing plate 130 is provided with a drawer opening 132 below the inclined plate 121 for the collection drawer 801 to pass through. The collection drawer 801 is fixedly connected to the limit baffle 802 on the side away from the sealing frame 804 to limit the flow of the material. The position baffle 802 can only be located on the outside of the left sealing plate 130, so the maximum insertion depth of the collection drawer 801 can be limited. A horizontal handle 803 is provided on the outer side of the position limit baffle 802, which is convenient for pulling out the collection drawer 801 from the drawer opening 132; a tail window 131 is provided on the left sealing plate 130, and a front window 141 is provided on the right sealing plate 140. The windows are made of transparent tempered glass or organic glass, which is convenient for operators to observe the working conditions inside the chassis 1 from the outside of the chassis 1.

[0051] Working principle: Before use, make sure that the aperture of the first-stage dividing belt 610 is 30μm, the aperture of the second-stage dividing belt 620 is 60μm, and the aperture of the third-stage dividing belt 630 is 90μm; when in use, first open the feeding port 303, add the metal material that has not been crushed into the crushing box 301, then cover the sealing cover 304, and check whether each storage compartment 250 is plugged in place. After the inspection is completed, the chassis 1 will be in a completely sealed state, and then you can start the crusher 3 to crush and refine the metal material, then the external fan 205 and the built-in fan 703 are also started, and the crusher 3 will refine the metal powder. If the metal powder is not put onto the upper surface of the main feeding belt 5, it will move left with the main feeding belt 5 to the bottom of the grading feeding belt 6. Since the external fan 205 blows air from the bottom of the chassis 1, the air flow passes through the main feeding belt 5 to make the metal powder evenly dispersed and suspended in the long concave groove 501. At the same time, the external fan 205 extracts the air above the main feeding belt 5. The air pressure below the metal powder is significantly greater than the air pressure above, and it will overcome gravity and attach to the first-level dividing belt 610. Metal powder with a size less than 30μm will continue to pass through the first-level dividing belt 610 and be sucked into the storage compartment 250 by the first-level sieve 210, while metal powder with a size greater than 3 The metal powder with a size of 0 μm cannot pass through and can only continue to move to the right with the rotating first-level dividing belt 610. When it reaches the left end of the first-level dividing belt 610, it will suddenly lose its downward support, and the first-level brush body 171 will scrape it onto the second-level dividing belt 620. At this time, the metal powder with a size less than 60 μm can pass through the second-level dividing belt 620 and be sucked into the next storage compartment 250 by the second-level sieve 220, while the metal powder with a size greater than 60 μm will continue to move to the left until it is scraped by the second-level brush body 172 to the third-level dividing belt 630. At this time, the metal powder with a size less than 90 μm can pass through the third-level dividing belt 630 and be sucked into the next storage compartment 250 by the third-level sieve 220. The screening 230 is sucked into the last storage chamber 250, and the metal powder larger than 90μm is considered an unqualified product. In the end, it can only move left with the three-level separation belt 630 to the return port 701 and return to the crushing box 301 through the return pipe 702 for secondary refinement. After refinement, it is sprinkled onto the upper surface of the main feeding belt 5 again, and the same small cycle of internal screening as mentioned above is carried out. Of course, there are also metal materials that are too heavy to be sucked up in this process. They will fall on the inclined plate 121 and finally be collected by the waste chamber 8, waiting for the next feeding, and then enter the chassis 1 from the feeding port 303 to enter the next round of crushing and screening cycle.

[0052] The above describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and the specification merely illustrate the principles of the present application. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present application for which protection is sought. The scope of protection claimed by the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A metal powder crushing and screening device, characterized by: The invention comprises a chassis (1), wherein a crusher (3), a main feeding belt (5) and a grading feeding belt (6) are arranged in the chassis (1), wherein the crusher (3) is suitable for providing metal powder to the main feeding belt (5), wherein the main feeding belt (5) is located below the grading feeding belt (6), wherein the main feeding belt (5) has a through hole penetrating the inner and outer walls, but only allows air to pass through, and wherein the grading feeding belt (6) comprises a first-level dividing belt (610), a second-level dividing belt (611) and a second-level dividing belt (612) which also have a through hole penetrating the inner and outer walls. The material strip (620) and the three-level material strip (630) have apertures that increase in size and allow air and metal powder to pass through. The heights of the three material strips increase in size, and the two-level material strip (620) is located between the one-level material strip (610) and the three-level material strip (630) in the horizontal direction. The horizontal projection of the two-level material strip (620) overlaps with the horizontal projections of the one-level material strip (610) and the three-level material strip (630). The chassis (1) is provided with a material separation component (2) and a driver (4), the material separation component (2) includes a primary sub-screen (210), a secondary sub-screen (220) and a tertiary sub-screen (230), the primary sub-screen (210) is suitable for extracting metal powder that can pass through the primary sub-screen belt (610) from the chassis (1), the secondary sub-screen (220) is suitable for extracting metal powder that can pass through the secondary sub-screen belt (620) from the chassis (1), and the tertiary sub-screen (230) is suitable for extracting metal powder that can pass through the secondary sub-screen belt (620) from the chassis (1). 30) is suitable for extracting metal powder that can pass through the three-stage dividing belt (630) from the chassis (1), the dividing assembly (2) is suitable for returning the extracted air back into the chassis (1), and a return channel (7) is provided in the chassis (1) above the graded feeding belt (6), which is suitable for extracting metal powder that cannot pass through the three-stage dividing belt (630) back to the crusher (3), and the driver (4) is suitable for driving the main feeding belt (5) and the graded feeding belt (6) to perform flexible activities.

2. The metal powder crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage sub-screen (210), the second-stage sub-screen (220) and the third-stage sub-screen (230) all have an external fan (205) located outside the chassis (1); the air inlet end of the external fan (205) is connected to an air inlet pipe (203); the end of the air inlet pipe (203) extends into the chassis (1) and is fixedly connected to a suction port (201); a filter plate (202) is also provided in the suction port (201); the exhaust end of the external fan (205) is connected to a sealed box (240) through an exhaust pipe (204); a storage compartment (250) is provided in the sealed box (240) and is suitable for storing metal powder of qualified size; a return air duct (206) is provided at the bottom of the sealed box (240) and is suitable for connecting the sealed box (240) with the inner bottom of the chassis (1).

3. The metal powder crushing and screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The back of the sealed box (240) is open and suitable for inserting or withdrawing the storage compartment (250). The top of the sealed box (240) is provided with an air inlet (241) connected to the exhaust pipe (204), and the bottom of the sealed box (240) is provided with an exhaust port (242) connected to the return air pipe (206). The storage compartment (250) includes a collection box (251) with an open top, the bottom of the collection box (251) is a breathable plate (253) that only allows air to pass through, and a sealing baffle (252) is fixedly connected to the side of the collection box (251) facing away from the sealed box (240), and a longitudinal handle (254) is provided on the outer side of the sealing baffle (252).

4. The metal powder crushing and screening device according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that: The pulverizer (3) comprises a crushing box (301) fixed inside the chassis (1); a discharge port (302) located above the main feeding belt (5) is provided at the lower end of the crushing box (301); a feeding port (303) extending to the outside of the chassis (1) is provided at the upper end of the crushing box (301); a sealing cover (304) is provided at the upper end of the feeding port (303); and the sealing cover (304) is adapted to be normally closed.

5. The metal powder crushing and screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The return channel (7) includes a return pipe (702) connected to the interior of the crushing box (301), and the end of the return pipe (702) away from the crushing box (301) is fixedly connected to a return port (701), and the return port (701) is located above the end of the third-level dividing belt (630) away from the second-level dividing belt (620). A built-in fan (703) is provided on the return pipe (702).

6. The metal powder crushing and screening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The chassis (1) includes a front sealing plate (150) and a rear sealing plate (160), and a plurality of pairs of transmission rollers (9) are rotatably connected between the front sealing plate (150) and the rear sealing plate (160), and the transmission rollers (9) include rollers (901) that contact the inner wall of the main feeding belt (5) or the graded feeding belt (6), and both ends of the rollers (901) have coaxial end shafts (902). The inner wall of the front sealing plate (150) is provided with a forward shaft hole (151), and the inner wall of the rear sealing plate (160) is provided with a backward shaft hole (161), both of which are suitable for cooperating with the end shaft (902) to form a rotating pair, and the output end of the driver (4) is connected to the end shaft (902); the front sealing plate (150) is also provided with a pipe through-hole (153) suitable for allowing the air inlet pipe (203) to pass through.

7. The metal powder crushing and screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front and rear side surfaces of the main feeding belt (5) have long inner embedded edges (502), and a long concave groove (501) is formed between the outer side surface of the main feeding belt (5) and the inner walls of the two long inner embedded edges (502). The front and rear side surfaces of the first-level dividing belt (610), the second-level dividing belt (620) and the third-level dividing belt (630) all have short inner embedded edges (602), and a short concave groove (601) is formed between the outer side surface of each dividing belt and the inner walls of its two short inner embedded edges (602). The inner wall of the front sealing plate (150) is provided with a front inner embedded groove (152), and the inner wall of the rear sealing plate (160) is provided with a rear inner embedded groove (162). The front inner embedded groove (152) and the rear inner embedded groove (162) are suitable for being engaged with the long inner embedded edge (502) or the short inner embedded edge (602) to form a sliding pair.

8. The metal powder crushing and screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper ends of the front sealing plate (150) and the rear sealing plate (160) are fixedly connected to an upper sealing plate (110), and the upper sealing plate (110) has a through structure that allows the feeding port (303) to pass through. The lower ends of the front sealing plate (150) and the rear sealing plate (160) are fixedly connected to a lower sealing plate (120), and the lower sealing plate (120) includes an inclined plate (121) with an inclined upper surface. The inclined plate (121) is provided with a return air hole (123) that communicates with the interior of the chassis (1) and the interior of the return air duct (206). The bottom surfaces of the front sealing plate (150) and the rear sealing plate (160) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inclined plate (121) through side plates (122).

9. The metal powder crushing and screening device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A waste compartment (8) is provided at the bottom of the lower sealing plate (120), and the waste compartment (8) is communicated with the interior of the chassis (1) through the lower end of the upper surface of the inclined plate (121). The waste compartment (8) includes a sealing frame (804) fixed to the lower surface of the inclined plate (121), and a material collection drawer (801) is movably connected in the sealing frame (804). A slide groove (806) is provided on the outer side surface of the material collection drawer (801). The inner wall of the sealing frame (804) has a guide bar (805) suitable for cooperating with the slide groove (806) to form a sliding pair. The front sealing plate (150) and the rear sealing plate (1 60) is fixedly connected to a left sealing plate (130) on one side and to a right sealing plate (140) on the other side, the left sealing plate (130) is provided with a drawer opening (132) at a position below the inclined plate (121), suitable for the collection drawer (801) to pass through, the collection drawer (801) is fixedly connected to a limit baffle (802) on the side away from the sealing frame (804), and a horizontal handle (803) is provided on the outer side of the limit baffle (802); a rear viewing window (131) is provided on the left sealing plate (130), and a front viewing window (141) is provided on the right sealing plate (140).

10. The metal powder crushing and screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A scraper brush (170) is fixedly arranged between the front sealing plate (150) and the rear sealing plate (160), suitable for isolating the graded feeding belt (6), and the scraper brush (170) includes a first-level brush body (171) located on the upper surface of the first-level dividing belt (610) and the lower surface of the second-level dividing belt (620), and a second-level brush body (172) located on the upper surface of the second-level dividing belt (620) and the lower surface of the third-level dividing belt (630).

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