A method and apparatus for calibrating first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system.

Abstract

This application provides a method, apparatus, and electronic device for calibrating the first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system. The calibration method for the first arrival time in the three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system includes: acquiring the first arrival time corresponding to the target receiver channel for each array of target shot points in the seismic acquisition and observation system; obtaining multiple coordinate points in a Cartesian coordinate system based on each first arrival time and its corresponding array number; performing linear fitting on the multiple coordinate points to obtain at least one fitted straight line; determining whether there is an abnormal first arrival time among the first arrival times based on the at least one fitted straight line; and calibrating the abnormal first arrival time according to the first fitted straight line in response to the existence of an abnormal first arrival time, to obtain a calibrated first arrival time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of geophysical exploration, and in particular to a method, apparatus, and electronic equipment for calibrating the first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system. Background Technology

[0002] Given the cost and environmental requirements of high-density 3D seismic exploration, controlled-source seismic exploration is increasingly being used in geological exploration in various regions. Currently, high-density 3D seismic exploration generally employs multiple arrayed receivers. However, due to various factors, such as excitation energy, mechanical seismic source, environmental noise, and receiving method, the signal-to-noise ratio of the first arrival signal generated by the controlled-source seismic source is relatively low.

[0003] Static correction is a key technique for eliminating the delay of seismic waves caused by low-velocity and deceleration layers near the surface, correcting reflected waves to an environment equivalent to the absence of low-velocity and deceleration zones, and where excitation and reception occur on a single horizontal plane. Static correction requires establishing a geophysical model of the low-velocity and deceleration zones. Currently, the common modeling method utilizes first-arrival times from a single shot for inversion. Therefore, the accuracy of the first-arrival time is particularly critical for the accuracy of static correction. However, due to the low signal-to-noise ratio of the acquired first-arrival signals, especially in arrays far from the shot point, the received first-arrival signal energy is weak while the received noise signal energy is strong. Under the influence of interference waves, it is difficult to determine the accurate first-arrival time, resulting in misaligned first-arrival picking and hindering accurate static correction.

[0004] Therefore, how to calibrate the first arrival time picked up by the three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system to obtain an accurate first arrival time is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for calibrating the first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system, used to calibrate the first arrival time picked up in the three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system to obtain an accurate first arrival time.

[0006] One embodiment of this application provides a method for calibrating the first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system. The method includes: acquiring the first arrival time corresponding to the target receiver channel of each array of target shot points in the seismic acquisition and observation system; wherein the target receiver channel is located in the same position in each array; obtaining multiple coordinate points in a Cartesian coordinate system based on each first arrival time and its corresponding array number; performing linear fitting on the multiple coordinate points to obtain at least one fitted line; wherein the at least one fitted line includes at least a first fitted line, which is the line with the largest slope among the at least one fitted lines; determining whether there is an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time based on the at least one fitted line; and calibrating the abnormal first arrival time based on the first fitted line in response to the existence of an abnormal first arrival time to obtain a calibrated first arrival time.

[0007] In some embodiments, determining whether there is an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time based on the at least one fitted straight line includes: in response to the at least one fitted straight line further including a second fitted straight line, taking the first arrival time corresponding to any coordinate point in the second fitted straight line as the first arrival time to be confirmed; determining the arrangement piece corresponding to the first arrival time to be confirmed based on the coordinate point, and taking it as the target arrangement piece; and determining whether the first arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal first arrival time based on the first arrival time corresponding to the target arrangement piece and the arrangement pieces adjacent to it, using a preset velocity calibration algorithm.

[0008] In some embodiments, the preset velocity calibration algorithm is a linear dynamic correction algorithm. The step of determining whether the arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal arrival time based on the arrival times of the target array and its adjacent arrays using the preset velocity calibration algorithm includes: using the linear dynamic correction algorithm to determine a first velocity, a second velocity, and a third velocity based on the arrival times of the target array and its adjacent arrays; wherein the second velocity is the correction velocity corresponding to the target array, and the first velocity and the third velocity are the correction velocities corresponding to the first and second arrays adjacent to the target array, respectively; the first array is located on the side of the target array farther from the target firing point, and the second array is located on the side of the target array closer to the target firing point; in response to the first velocity, the second velocity, and the third velocity not satisfying a preset velocity condition, determining that the arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal arrival time; wherein the preset velocity condition is: the first velocity is greater than the second velocity, and the second velocity is greater than the third velocity.

[0009] In some embodiments, determining whether there is an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time based on the at least one fitted straight line includes: responding to the existence of a first coordinate point in the Cartesian coordinate system; wherein the first coordinate point is a coordinate point located outside the at least one fitted straight line; and taking the first arrival time corresponding to the first coordinate point as the abnormal first arrival time.

[0010] In some embodiments, calibrating the abnormal arrival time based on the first fitted straight line to obtain the calibrated arrival time includes: determining a calibration coordinate point in the first fitted straight line based on the number of the arrangement piece corresponding to the abnormal arrival time; and using the arrival time corresponding to the calibration coordinate point as the calibrated arrival time.

[0011] One embodiment of this application provides a calibration device for the first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system. The device includes: an acquisition module, used to acquire the first arrival time corresponding to the target receiver channel of each array of target shot points in the seismic acquisition and observation system; wherein the target receiver channel is located at the same position in each array; a fitting module, used to obtain multiple coordinate points in a Cartesian coordinate system based on each first arrival time and its corresponding array number, and to perform linear fitting on the multiple coordinate points to obtain at least one fitted line; wherein the at least one fitted line includes at least a first fitted line, and the first fitted line is the line with the largest slope among the at least one fitted lines; a determination module, used to determine whether there is an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time based on the at least one fitted line; and a calibration module, used to calibrate the abnormal first arrival time based on the first fitted line in response to the existence of an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time, to obtain a calibrated first arrival time.

[0012] This application provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the method described above when running the program.

[0013] This application provides a storage medium for storing a computer-readable program, which, when run, performs the method described above.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following advantages:

[0015] In the embodiments provided in this application, the first arrival time corresponding to the target receiver channel for each array of target shot points in the seismic acquisition and observation system is obtained; based on each first arrival time and its corresponding array number, multiple coordinate points in a Cartesian coordinate system are obtained; linear fitting is performed on the multiple coordinate points to obtain at least one fitted straight line; wherein, the at least one fitted straight line includes at least a first fitted straight line, which is the straight line with the largest slope among the at least one fitted straight lines; based on the at least one fitted straight line, it is determined whether there is an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time; in response to the existence of an abnormal first arrival time, the abnormal first arrival time is calibrated according to the first fitted straight line to obtain a calibrated first arrival time. Thus, the first arrival times picked up in the three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system can be calibrated to obtain accurate first arrival times. Attached Figure Description

[0016] This application will be further described by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting; in these embodiments, the same reference numerals denote the same structures, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the calibration method for first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system according to some embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an exemplary flowchart of a calibration method for first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system according to some embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 These are exemplary schematic diagrams of target firing points and receiving channels according to some embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 4A This is an exemplary schematic diagram of at least one fitted straight line according to some embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 4B This is an exemplary schematic diagram of at least one fitted straight line according to some embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is an exemplary schematic diagram of a calibration device for the first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system according to some embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 6 This is an exemplary structural diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, these drawings can be applied to other similar scenarios without creative effort. Unless obvious from the context or otherwise specified, the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same structures or operations.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms “system,” “device,” “unit,” and / or “module” used herein are one method of distinguishing different components, elements, parts, sections, or assemblies at different levels. However, if other words can achieve the same purpose, they may be replaced by other expressions.

[0026] As indicated in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0027] Flowcharts are used in this application to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed precisely in sequence. Instead, the steps can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Furthermore, other operations can be added to these processes, or one or more steps can be removed from them.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the calibration method for first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system according to some embodiments of this application.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, in the application scenario, it can include server 110, terminal 120 and network 130.

[0030] In some embodiments, the server 110 and the terminal 120 can interact with each other via the network 130. For example, the server 110 can obtain information and / or data from the terminal 120 via the network 130, or it can send information and / or data to the terminal 120 via the network 130.

[0031] Terminal 120 is an electronic device used by a user to calibrate first-arrival times. In some embodiments, terminal 120 can use the method provided in this application to calibrate multiple first-arrival times obtained during seismic exploration using a controlled source. When terminal 120 has limited computing resources, terminal 120 can send multiple first-arrival times to server 110, which will then use the method provided in this application to calibrate the multiple first-arrival times obtained during seismic exploration using a controlled source and return the calibration results to terminal 120, allowing terminal 120 to display the calibration results to the user. Terminal 120 can be one or any combination of mobile devices, tablet computers, or other devices with input and / or output functions.

[0032] Server 110 can be a single server or a group of servers. The server group can be centralized or distributed (e.g., server 110 can be a distributed system), and can be dedicated or simultaneously provided by other devices or systems. In some embodiments, server 110 can be regional or remote. In some embodiments, server 110 can be implemented on a cloud platform or provided virtually. By way of example only, a cloud platform can include private cloud, public cloud, hybrid cloud, community cloud, distributed cloud, internal cloud, multi-tiered cloud, etc., or any combination thereof.

[0033] In some embodiments, network 130 can be any one or more of wired or wireless networks. For example, network 130 may include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), or any combination thereof.

[0034] For ease of understanding, the technical solution of this application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Figure 2 This is an exemplary flowchart of a calibration method for first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system according to some embodiments of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the calibration method for the first arrival time in a 3D seismic acquisition and observation system includes the following steps:

[0036] Step S210: Obtain the first arrival time of the target receiver channel for each array of the target shot point in the seismic acquisition and observation system; wherein the target receiver channel is located in the same position in each array.

[0037] In seismic exploration using a controlled source, a scanning signal is emitted from the shot point into the ground, and the seismic wave signal is received by multiple receiver channels (detectors) arranged in an array. For example... Figure 3As shown, each array includes multiple receiver channels, and these arrays are distributed on both sides of the target shot point. For example, the array number can be represented by a 4-digit number (e.g., 1021), and the receiver channel's number within its array can be represented by a 4-digit number (e.g., 1998). In practice, considering the stronger energy of seismic waves received near the shot point, the receiver channel closest to the shot point can be selected from each array as the target receiver channel. For example, as... Figure 3 As shown, the target firing point is stationed at 1234.5, and the array plates are numbered 1001-1042. The receiving channel numbered 1234 for each array plate can be selected as the standard receiving channel.

[0038] The first arrival time is the arrival time of the first arrival signal of the seismic wave detected by the receiver. First arrival picking refers to recording the first arrival time. In practice, before first arrival picking, the seismic wave signal data needs to be statically corrected for elevation to eliminate the influence of surface undulations on the first arrival data.

[0039] Step S220: Based on each initial arrival time and its corresponding arrangement piece number, obtain multiple coordinate points in the Cartesian coordinate system, perform linear fitting on the multiple coordinate points, and obtain at least one fitted line; wherein, the at least one fitted line includes at least the first fitted line, and the first fitted line is the line with the largest slope among the at least one fitted lines.

[0040] In practice, coordinates in a Cartesian coordinate system can be obtained using various methods based on the arrival time and the corresponding arrangement piece number. For example, the arrival time can be used as the x-axis, and the arrangement piece number corresponding to the arrival time as the y-axis to plot the coordinates. Alternatively, the arrival time can be used as the y-axis, and the arrangement piece number corresponding to the arrival time as the x-axis to plot the coordinates. Yet another example is using the arrival time as the y-axis, and the difference between the arrangement piece number corresponding to the arrival time and the number of the first arrangement piece in the data collection array as the x-axis to plot the coordinates.

[0041] After obtaining multiple coordinate points, linear fitting can be performed on these points to obtain at least one fitted line, including a first fitted line. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 4A As shown, at least one fitted line comprises only one line: the first fitted line. In some embodiments, at least one fitted line comprises multiple lines, such as... Figure 4B As shown, at least one fitted line includes: a first fitted line and a second fitted line.

[0042] Because the array plates are set at equal intervals during acquisition, and different standard receiving channels are set at equal intervals on a straight line, the coordinate points corresponding to the first arrival times of seismic wave signals correctly picked up at the same velocity layer lie on a fitted straight line; the coordinate points corresponding to the first arrival times of seismic wave signals correctly picked up at different velocity layers lie on different fitted straight lines; in the case of multiple fitted straight lines, the slope of each fitted straight line corresponds to a type of seismic wave transmission velocity, and the coordinate points on the fitted straight line with the largest slope (i.e., the first fitted straight line) correspond to the first arrival times of seismic wave signals that have not been refracted by the lower layer.

[0043] Step S230: Based on at least one fitted straight line, determine whether there are abnormal first arrival times in the first arrival times.

[0044] Typically, abnormal first arrival times are obtained due to mispicking; therefore, the value of the abnormal first arrival time is usually an integer multiple of the period of the interfering wave (e.g., 1-2 periods, i.e., mispicking 1-2 wave peaks). In some embodiments, in response to the existence of a first coordinate point in a Cartesian coordinate system, wherein the first coordinate point is a coordinate point located outside at least one fitted straight line, the first arrival time corresponding to the first coordinate point can be used as the abnormal first arrival time. For example, as... Figure 4A The coordinate point A shown is located outside the first fitted line and is the first coordinate point. The first arrival time corresponding to this coordinate point can be used as the abnormal first arrival time.

[0045] In some embodiments, in response to at least one fitted straight line, a second fitted straight line is further included. The arrival time corresponding to any coordinate point in the second fitted straight line is taken as the arrival time to be confirmed. Based on the coordinate point, the arrangement piece corresponding to the arrival time to be confirmed is determined and taken as the target arrangement piece. Based on the arrival times corresponding to the target arrangement piece and its adjacent arrangement pieces, a preset velocity calibration algorithm is used to determine whether the arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal arrival time. This is only an example. Figure 4B The coordinate point B shown lies on the second fitted line. The first arrival time corresponding to coordinate point B could be the first arrival pickup of the seismic wave after reflection from the lower refraction layer, or it could be an anomalous first arrival time. Therefore, the first arrival time corresponding to coordinate point B can be used as the first arrival time to be confirmed. Figure 4B As shown, the x-coordinate of point B indicates that the arrangement piece numbered 1030 can be used as the target arrangement piece. Based on the first arrival times of the adjacent arrangement pieces numbered 1029 and 1031, a preset velocity calibration algorithm can be used to determine whether the first arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal first arrival time.

[0046] In the specific implementation process, the preset velocity calibration algorithm can be a linear dynamic correction algorithm. The linear dynamic correction algorithm can be used to determine the first velocity, the second velocity, and the third velocity according to the initial arrival time of the target arrangement piece and its adjacent arrangement pieces. The second velocity is the correction velocity corresponding to the target arrangement piece. The first velocity and the third velocity are the correction velocities corresponding to the first arrangement piece (e.g., arrangement piece 1029) and the second arrangement piece (e.g., arrangement piece 1031) adjacent to the target arrangement piece (e.g., arrangement piece 1030), respectively. The first arrangement piece is located on the side of the target arrangement piece that is farther away from the target firing point, and the second arrangement piece is located on the side of the target arrangement piece that is closer to the target firing point.

[0047] According to the signal propagation law, if the first velocity, second velocity, and third velocity are equal, the arrival time to be confirmed can be identified as an incorrect arrival time. If the first velocity is greater than the second velocity, and the second velocity is greater than the third velocity, then the arrival time to be confirmed is the arrival time of the seismic wave after two layers of refraction, which is a normal arrival time. Therefore, in some embodiments, a preset velocity condition can be set as follows: the first velocity is greater than the second velocity, and the second velocity is greater than the third velocity. In response to the first velocity, second velocity, and third velocity not meeting the preset velocity condition, the arrival time to be confirmed is determined to be an abnormal arrival time.

[0048] Step S240: In response to the presence of an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time, the abnormal first arrival time is calibrated according to the first fitted straight line to obtain the calibrated first arrival time.

[0049] In some embodiments, calibration coordinate points can be determined in the first fitted straight line based on the arrangement piece number corresponding to the abnormal first arrival time; the first arrival time corresponding to the calibration coordinate point is then used as the calibrated first arrival time. This is merely an example. Figure 4A The coordinate point A shown has a corresponding arrangement piece number of 1030. Therefore, the first arrival time (i.e., the ordinate) of the coordinate point with the horizontal coordinate of 1030 in the first fitted line can be used as the calibrated first arrival time.

[0050] In practical implementation, different receiving channels at different positions can be selected from the array as standard receiving channels. The first arrival times of the standard receiving channels are calibrated according to the methods described in steps S210 to S240, thereby obtaining the correct first arrival times corresponding to all receiving channels in the acquisition array. Alternatively, based on the calibrated first arrival times, the first arrival pickup layer corresponding to the standard channel in each array can be determined, and the first arrival times of all receiving channels in each array can be tracked and picked up from the standard channel outwards to both sides.

[0051] Figure 5 This is an exemplary schematic diagram of a calibration device for the first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system according to some embodiments of this application.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the calibration device for the first arrival time in the three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system includes: an acquisition module 510, a fitting module 520, a determination module 530, and a calibration module 540.

[0053] The acquisition module 510 is used to acquire the first arrival time of the target receiver channel corresponding to each array of target shot points in the seismic acquisition and observation system; wherein the target receiver channel is in the same position in each array.

[0054] The fitting module 520 is used to obtain multiple coordinate points in a Cartesian coordinate system based on each initial arrival time and its corresponding arrangement piece number, and to perform linear fitting on the multiple coordinate points to obtain at least one fitted line; wherein, the at least one fitted line includes at least a first fitted line, and the first fitted line is the line with the largest slope among the at least one fitted lines.

[0055] The determination module 530 is used to determine whether there is an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time based on the at least one fitted straight line.

[0056] The calibration module 540 is used to calibrate the abnormal first arrival time according to the first fitted straight line in response to the existence of an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time, so as to obtain the calibrated first arrival time.

[0057] In some embodiments, determining whether there is an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time based on the at least one fitted straight line includes: in response to the at least one fitted straight line further including a second fitted straight line, taking the first arrival time corresponding to any coordinate point in the second fitted straight line as the first arrival time to be confirmed; determining the arrangement piece corresponding to the first arrival time to be confirmed based on the coordinate point, and taking it as the target arrangement piece; and determining whether the first arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal first arrival time based on the first arrival time corresponding to the target arrangement piece and the arrangement pieces adjacent to it, using a preset velocity calibration algorithm.

[0058] In some embodiments, the preset velocity calibration algorithm is a linear dynamic correction algorithm. The step of determining whether the arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal arrival time based on the arrival times of the target array and its adjacent arrays using the preset velocity calibration algorithm includes: using the linear dynamic correction algorithm to determine a first velocity, a second velocity, and a third velocity based on the arrival times of the target array and its adjacent arrays; wherein the second velocity is the correction velocity corresponding to the target array, and the first velocity and the third velocity are the correction velocities corresponding to the first and second arrays adjacent to the target array, respectively; the first array is located on the side of the target array farther from the target firing point, and the second array is located on the side of the target array closer to the target firing point; in response to the first velocity, the second velocity, and the third velocity not satisfying a preset velocity condition, determining that the arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal arrival time; wherein the preset velocity condition is: the first velocity is greater than the second velocity, and the second velocity is greater than the third velocity.

[0059] In some embodiments, determining whether there is an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time based on the at least one fitted straight line includes: responding to the existence of a first coordinate point in the Cartesian coordinate system; wherein the first coordinate point is a coordinate point located outside the at least one fitted straight line; and taking the first arrival time corresponding to the first coordinate point as the abnormal first arrival time.

[0060] In some embodiments, calibrating the abnormal arrival time based on the first fitted straight line to obtain the calibrated arrival time includes: determining a calibration coordinate point in the first fitted straight line based on the number of the arrangement piece corresponding to the abnormal arrival time; and using the arrival time corresponding to the calibration coordinate point as the calibrated arrival time.

[0061] In the embodiments of the first arrival time calibration device in the above-mentioned three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system, the specific processing of each module and the resulting technical effects can be referred to the relevant descriptions in the corresponding method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0062] Figure 6 This is an exemplary structural diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of this application.

[0063] like Figure 6As shown, the electronic device includes: at least one processor 601, at least one communication interface 602, at least one memory 603, and at least one communication bus 604. Optionally, the communication interface 602 can be an interface for a communication module, such as the interface for a GSM module. The processor 601 may be a CPU, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention. The memory 603 may include high-speed RAM and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. The memory 603 stores a program, and the processor 601 calls the program stored in the memory 603 to execute some or all of the above-described method embodiments.

[0064] This application relates to a storage medium for storing a computer-readable program, which, when run, performs some or all of the above-described method embodiments.

[0065] Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device.

[0066] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements some or all of the above-described method embodiments.

[0067] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the detailed disclosure above is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this application. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this application, and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0068] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe its embodiments. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this application do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this application can be appropriately combined.

[0069] Furthermore, unless expressly stated in the claims, the order of processing elements and sequences, the use of numbers and letters, or other names described in this application are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods of this application. Although the foregoing disclosure has discussed some currently considered useful embodiments of the invention through various examples, it should be understood that such details are for illustrative purposes only, and the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments; rather, the claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that conform to the substance and scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, while the system components described above can be implemented using hardware devices, they can also be implemented solely through software solutions, such as installing the described system on existing servers or mobile devices.

[0070] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of the present application and thus aid in the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application sometimes combines multiple features into a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of the application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. In fact, the embodiments contain fewer features than all the features of the single embodiments disclosed above.

[0071] In some embodiments, numbers describing the quantity of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of embodiments are modified in some examples with the terms "approximately," "approximately," or "generally." Unless otherwise stated, "approximately," "approximately," or "generally" indicates that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may be changed depending on the characteristics required by individual embodiments. In some embodiments, numerical parameters should take into account specified significant digits and employ a general method of digit reservation. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used to confirm their breadth of scope in some embodiments of this application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, such values ​​are set as precisely as feasible.

[0072] For each patent, patent application, patent application publication, and other material such as articles, books, specifications, publications, and documents referenced in this application, the entire contents of that patent are incorporated herein by reference. This excludes historical application documents that are inconsistent with or conflict with the content of this application, as well as documents that limit the broadest scope of the claims in this application (currently or subsequently appended to this application). It should be noted that if there are any inconsistencies or conflicts between the descriptions, definitions, and / or terminology used in the supplementary materials of this application and the content of this application, the descriptions, definitions, and / or terminology used in this application shall prevail.

[0073] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this application are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of this application. Other modifications may also fall within the scope of this application. Therefore, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this application are considered as examples and not limitations, and are regarded as consistent with the teachings of this application. Accordingly, the embodiments of this application are not limited to the embodiments explicitly described and illustrated in this application.

Claims

1. A method for calibrating the first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system, characterized in that, The method includes: The first arrival time of the target receiver channel for each array of the target shot point in the seismic acquisition and observation system is obtained; wherein the target receiver channel is located in the same position in each array. Based on each initial arrival time and its corresponding arrangement piece number, multiple coordinate points in a Cartesian coordinate system are obtained. Linear fitting is performed on the multiple coordinate points to obtain at least one fitted line. The at least one fitted line includes at least a first fitted line, which is the line with the largest slope among the at least one fitted lines. Based on the at least one fitted straight line, determine whether there is an abnormal first arrival time among the first arrival times; In response to the presence of an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time, the abnormal first arrival time is calibrated according to the first fitted straight line to obtain the calibrated first arrival time; The step of determining whether there are abnormal first arrival times in the first arrival times based on the at least one fitted straight line includes: In response to the at least one fitted line, a second fitted line is also included, and the first arrival time corresponding to any coordinate point in the second fitted line is taken as the first arrival time to be confirmed. Based on the coordinate points, determine the arrangement piece corresponding to the arrival time to be confirmed, and use it as the target arrangement piece; Based on the arrival times of the target arrangement piece and its adjacent arrangement pieces, a preset velocity calibration algorithm is used to determine whether the arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal arrival time. Alternatively, determining whether there are anomalous first arrival times in the first arrival times based on the at least one fitted straight line includes: In response to the existence of a first coordinate point in the Cartesian coordinate system; wherein the first coordinate point is a coordinate point located outside the at least one fitted line; The arrival time corresponding to the first coordinate point is taken as the abnormal arrival time.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset velocity calibration algorithm is a linear dynamic correction algorithm. The step of determining whether the first arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal first arrival time, based on the first arrival times of the target array piece and its adjacent array pieces, using the preset velocity calibration algorithm, includes: Using a linear dynamic correction algorithm, a first velocity, a second velocity, and a third velocity are determined based on the initial arrival times of the target array and its adjacent arrays. The second velocity is the correction velocity corresponding to the target array, and the first and third velocities are the correction velocities corresponding to the first and second adjacent arrays, respectively. The first array is located on the side of the target array farther from the target firing point, and the second array is located on the side of the target array closer to the target firing point. In response to the fact that the first speed, the second speed, and the third speed do not meet the preset speed conditions, the arrival time to be confirmed is determined to be an abnormal arrival time; wherein, the preset speed conditions are: the first speed is greater than the second speed, and the second speed is greater than the third speed.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calibrating the abnormal first arrival time based on the first fitted straight line to obtain the calibrated first arrival time includes: Based on the arrangement piece number corresponding to the initial arrival time of the anomaly, the calibration coordinate point is determined in the first fitted straight line; The first arrival time corresponding to the calibration coordinate point is taken as the calibrated first arrival time.

4. A calibration device for the first arrival time in a three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the first arrival time of the target receiver channel for each array of target shot points in the seismic acquisition and observation system; wherein the target receiver channel is located in the same position in each array. The fitting module is used to obtain multiple coordinate points in a Cartesian coordinate system based on each initial arrival time and its corresponding arrangement piece number, and to perform linear fitting on the multiple coordinate points to obtain at least one fitted line; wherein, the at least one fitted line includes at least a first fitted line, and the first fitted line is the line with the largest slope among the at least one fitted lines. The determination module is used to determine whether there is an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time based on the at least one fitted straight line; The calibration module is used to calibrate the abnormal first arrival time according to the first fitted straight line in response to the existence of an abnormal first arrival time in the first arrival time, so as to obtain the calibrated first arrival time. The step of determining whether there are abnormal first arrival times in the first arrival times based on the at least one fitted straight line includes: In response to the at least one fitted line, a second fitted line is also included, and the first arrival time corresponding to any coordinate point in the second fitted line is taken as the first arrival time to be confirmed. Based on the coordinate points, determine the arrangement piece corresponding to the arrival time to be confirmed, and use it as the target arrangement piece; Based on the arrival times of the target arrangement piece and its adjacent arrangement pieces, a preset velocity calibration algorithm is used to determine whether the arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal arrival time. Alternatively, determining whether there are anomalous first arrival times in the first arrival times based on the at least one fitted straight line includes: In response to the existence of a first coordinate point in the Cartesian coordinate system; wherein the first coordinate point is a coordinate point located outside the at least one fitted line; The arrival time corresponding to the first coordinate point is taken as the abnormal arrival time.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preset velocity calibration algorithm is a linear dynamic correction algorithm. The step of determining whether the first arrival time to be confirmed is an abnormal first arrival time, based on the first arrival times of the target array piece and its adjacent array pieces, using the preset velocity calibration algorithm, includes: Using a linear dynamic correction algorithm, a first velocity, a second velocity, and a third velocity are determined based on the initial arrival times of the target array and its adjacent arrays. The second velocity is the correction velocity corresponding to the target array, and the first and third velocities are the correction velocities corresponding to the first and second adjacent arrays, respectively. The first array is located on the side of the target array farther from the target firing point, and the second array is located on the side of the target array closer to the target firing point. In response to the fact that the first speed, the second speed, and the third speed do not meet the preset speed conditions, the arrival time to be confirmed is determined to be an abnormal arrival time; wherein, the preset speed conditions are: the first speed is greater than the second speed, and the second speed is greater than the third speed.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor executing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 when running the program.

7. A storage medium for storing a computer-readable program, which, when executed, performs the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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