Device and method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of super-long pipe fittings

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of extra-long pipe fittings. The device and method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of extra-long pipe fittings include a plurality of parallel and spaced mounting supports, the plurality of mounting supports being used to support each pipe fitting, each mounting support including a base plate, a web and a reference boss, the web being vertically fixed to the base plate, parallel mounting reference surfaces and measuring reference surfaces being sequentially provided above the web from top to bottom, the mounting reference surfaces matching the outer surface of the pipe fitting, the web being provided with a plurality of reference holes, the reference boss and the alignment step being respectively located on both sides of the web, the reference boss being provided with vertical first and second reference surfaces, the vertical first reference surface being parallel to the axis of the mounting reference surface, and the mounting reference surfaces being coaxial. A device and method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of extra-long pipe fittings can realize real-time control of the coaxiality of the pipe fitting according to the real-time spacing between the measuring reference surface and the pipe fitting, thereby ensuring that the final straightness and coaxiality of the pipe fitting meet the requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of welding auxiliary tooling, and in particular relates to a device and method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of an extra-long pipe. Background Art

[0002] Currently, commonly used alignment control processes for long shell butt joints include drawing a reference line and laser beams. Drawing a reference line or laser beam provides a reference, and then selecting a reference point on the outside or inside of the shell. By monitoring the distance from the reference point to the drawing reference line or laser beam, the actual static and dynamic alignment conditions can be determined. This alignment method is more suitable and effective for static assembly, but it is not conducive to implementation in dynamic workstations and welding situations. For example, a nuclear power demonstration reactor-type heat exchanger has an extra-long pipe with a total length of 17 meters, an aspect ratio of approximately 27, a total number of spliced circumferential seams reaching 6, and a maximum single-section length of nearly 9 meters. The outer diameter of the spliced pipe ranges from φ630mm to φ770mm, and the coaxiality requirement is φ2mm, with high precision requirements. The pipe is made of stainless steel, and traditional measurement methods cannot accurately measure it during the welding process. Due to interference from the welding station, deformation cannot be reflected in real time.

[0003] Therefore, a new technology is needed to solve the problem in the prior art that the deformation direction and deformation amount of the pipe fitting cannot be monitored in real time during the butt welding process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a control device and method for the coaxiality and straightness of the welding of extra-long pipes, which can monitor the deformation direction and deformation amount of the pipes in real time during the butt welding process, thereby realizing the control of the coaxiality and straightness of the welding of pipes.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of extra-long pipe fittings comprises a plurality of parallel and spaced mounting supports for supporting the pipe fittings, each mounting support comprising a base plate, a web plate, and a reference boss. The base plate is arranged horizontally, and the web plate is vertically fixed to the base plate. A mounting reference surface and a measuring reference surface are provided above the web plate in order from top to bottom, and the mounting reference surface matches the outer surface of the pipe fitting. The web plate is provided with an alignment step and a plurality of reference holes.

[0007] The reference boss is fixed to the web, the reference boss and the alignment step are respectively located on both sides of the web, and a first reference surface and a second reference surface perpendicular to each other are provided on the reference boss, the first reference surface is vertically arranged and parallel to the axis of the mounting reference surface, and there is a distance between the first reference surface, the second reference surface and the axis of the mounting reference surface;

[0008] The axes of the corresponding reference holes coincide with each other, the alignment steps correspond to each other, and the axes of the installation reference surfaces coincide with each other.

[0009] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the mounting support is further provided with a pad, the length of the pad in the axial direction of the pad is greater than the thickness of the web in this direction, the pad is installed on the upper end of the web, the upper surface of the pad forms the mounting reference surface, and the pad is provided with an arc-shaped measuring step, and the upward step surface on the arc-shaped measuring step forms the measurement reference surface.

[0010] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the length of the reference boss in the axial direction of the pad is greater than the thickness of the web, the reference boss is step-shaped and fixed to the upper end of the web, the reference boss and the alignment step are respectively located on both sides of the pad, the first reference plane and the second reference plane are both located on the side of the reference boss away from the pad, and the first reference plane and the second reference plane are connected to each other in an L-shape.

[0011] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the web is provided with a first side surface and a fourth side surface parallel to the axis of the installation reference surface, the first side surface and the fourth side surface are arranged opposite to each other, the reference boss is located at the connection node between the upper end surface of the web and the first side surface, and the alignment step is located at the connection node between the upper end surface of the web and the fourth side surface.

[0012] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the mounting support is further provided with a plurality of ribs, the web having a second side surface and a third side surface which are relatively arranged and perpendicular to the axis of the mounting reference surface, the plurality of ribs being symmetrically mounted on both sides of the web, each of the ribs being tightly connected to the second side surface or the third side surface, the bottom surface of each of the ribs being tightly connected to the bottom plate, and the upper end surface of each of the ribs being tightly connected to the lower surface of the pad; the first side surface, the second side surface, the third side surface and the fourth side surface being connected end to end in sequence.

[0013] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the several reference holes are distributed on the left and right sides of the web, and the reference holes on the left and right sides are respectively located below the alignment step and the reference boss, and the several ribs are all located between the several reference holes on the left and right sides.

[0014] A method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of an extra-long pipe fitting, using the above-mentioned device for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of an extra-long pipe fitting, comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Assemble each of the mounting brackets;

[0016] S2. Processing the upper end surface of the bottom plate so that it is horizontal, using the upper end surface of the bottom plate as a reference, processing the first and second reference surfaces perpendicular to each other on the reference boss, and processing the alignment step and each of the reference holes on the web;

[0017] S3. Processing the upper surface of the pad to form the mounting reference surface, while processing a width × height of 50mm × 6mm on the mounting reference surface to measure the arc step;

[0018] S4. Each of the mounting brackets is mounted on a cast iron platform, and a laser aligner is used to adjust the axes of the reference holes so that the axes of the reference holes coincide, the alignment steps are aligned, and the reference bosses are aligned;

[0019] S5. Install the two butted pipes on the corresponding mounting brackets, adjust the outer surface of the pipe to fit the mounting base surface on the corresponding mounting bracket, and measure and record the distance X1 between the arc-shaped measuring step on each mounting base surface and the outer surface of the pipe.

[0020] S6. Assemble and weld the butted pipes. During the welding process, measure in real time the distance Xn between the measuring reference surface on the installation reference surface and the outer surface of the pipe. At this time, the welding deformation Y = Xn - X1. When the deformation Y reaches 0.5 mm, rotate the butted pipes, adjust the welding sequence, and weld in the reverse direction to control the deformation.

[0021] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, in step S3, the distance between the center or axis of the installation reference surface and the first reference surface and the second reference surface is controlled, and the installation reference surface is processed with the reference boss as the reference, wherein the measurement reference surface on the arc-shaped measuring step is coaxially arranged with the installation reference surface, and the coaxiality is not greater than 0.1 mm.

[0022] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, in step S4, each of the first reference planes and each of the second reference planes are aligned with each other and the alignment degree is no more than 0.1 mm.

[0023] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, in step S5, whether the fitting is in contact with the installation reference surface is determined by illuminating the outer surface of the pipe with a flashlight to see whether light is transparent.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] During the circumferential butt-jointing assembly of long pipes, especially for the centering of extra-long, large-diameter pipes, a laser leveling device is used. By adjusting the axis coincidence of each reference hole and the mutual correspondence of each alignment step, the coaxiality and straightness of each mounting support can be ensured to meet the requirements for pipe butt jointing. Based on the distance between the measuring reference surface on each mounting support and the pipe, the deformation trend and deformation status of the pipe fitting during welding can be measured in real time. The device can quickly identify centering deviations during circumferential welding, and timely rotate the pipe fitting orientation and adjust the welding sequence. The deformation direction and amount of the pipe fitting can be monitored in real time during the butt welding process, enabling real-time control of the coaxiality and straightness of extra-long pipe fittings, ensuring that the pipe fitting's final straightness and coaxiality meet the requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The technology of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0027] Figure 1 This is the main view of the installation structure of the support and the pipe fitting when it is fixed on the cast iron platform;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side view of the installation structure of the mounting bracket and the pipe fitting when it is fixed on the cast iron platform;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the laser aligner, mounting bracket and pipe installation structure;

[0030] Figure 4 It is the main view of the connection structure of the mounting support and the pad;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a side view of the connection structure of the mounting support and the pad;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a half-section view of the connection structure of the mounting support and the pad when viewed from above;

[0033] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure of part A;

[0034] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure of part B;

[0035] Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional view at a certain position of the arc-shaped measuring step;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a side view of a rib.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 1-Laser aligner;

[0039] 2-mounting support; 21-web; 211-reference hole; 212-alignment step; 22-base plate; 23-rib plate; 24-reference boss; 241-first reference plane; 242-second reference plane;

[0040] 3- pad; 31- installation reference surface; 32- arc-shaped measuring step; 321- measurement reference surface;

[0041] 4-Pipe fittings;

[0042] 5- Cast iron platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the embodiments and drawings to clearly and completely describe the concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention so as to fully understand the purpose, scheme and effect of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict. The same reference numerals used throughout the drawings indicate the same or similar parts.

[0044] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as being "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it may be directly fixed or connected to the other feature or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. Furthermore, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" used in this disclosure are intended solely to describe the relative positions of the components of the disclosure as shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Reference Figures 1 to 10A device for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of extra-long pipe fittings comprises a plurality of parallel and spaced mounting supports 2, each of which is used to support each pipe fitting 4. Each mounting support 2 comprises a base plate 22, a web 21, and a reference boss 24. The base plate 22 is arranged horizontally, and the web 21 is vertically fixed to the base plate 22. A mounting reference surface 31 and a measuring reference surface 321 are provided above the web 21 in order from top to bottom, parallel to each other. The mounting reference surface 31 and the measuring reference surface 321 are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The longitudinal cross-section of the mounting reference surface 31 is arc-shaped and matches the outer surface of the pipe fitting 4. The axis of the measuring reference surface 321 coincides with the axis of the mounting reference surface 31. The diameter of the circle containing the measuring reference surface 321 is larger than the diameter of the circle containing the mounting reference surface 31. The web 21 is provided with an alignment step 212 and a plurality of reference holes 211. The alignment step 212 is step-shaped and provided on one side of the upper end of the web 21. The reference boss 24 is fixed to the web 21. The reference boss 24 and the alignment step 212 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the web 21, which can facilitate distinguishing the left and right sides of the web 21, so as to reduce the installation error of each mounting bracket 2. The reference boss 24 is provided with a first reference surface 241 and a second reference surface 242 perpendicular to each other. The first reference surface 241 is vertically arranged and parallel to the axis of the mounting reference surface 31. There is a distance between the first reference surface 241, the second reference surface 242 and the axis of the mounting reference surface 31. The position of the axis of the mounting reference surface 31 or the position of its corresponding center can be determined based on the first reference surface 241 and the second reference surface 242, so as to ensure that each mounting reference surface 31 is coaxial. When a plurality of mounting brackets 2 are installed, the horizontally arranged step surfaces on each alignment step 212 are all located on the same plane, the first reference surfaces 241 are all located on the same plane, and the second reference surfaces 242 are all located on the same plane.

[0046] During use, the mounting supports 2 are adjusted so that the axes of the corresponding reference holes 211 coincide, the alignment steps 212 correspond to each other, the reference bosses 24 correspond to each other, and the axes of the mounting reference surfaces 31 coincide, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the pipe fittings 4. The alignment steps 212 are used for initial alignment between multiple mounting supports 2. During installation, the mounting supports 2 are adjusted using the laser aligner 1 until the alignment steps 212 and the reference holes 211 correspond to each other, that is, the vertical surfaces and horizontal surfaces of the alignment steps 212 are all on the same plane, and the reference holes 211 are all on the same axis, so that the mounting reference surfaces 31 are adjusted to be coaxial.

[0047] By using a laser leveler 1 or other laser leveling device, and adjusting the alignment of the axes of the reference holes 211 and the alignment of the alignment steps 212, the coaxiality and straightness of the mounting supports 2 can be guaranteed to meet the requirements for the connection of the pipe 4. During the welding process, the distance between the measurement reference surface 321 on each mounting support 2 and the outer surface of the pipe 4 is used to determine the direction and amount of deformation of the pipe 4. By adjusting the welding sequence and welding orientation, welding deformation is controlled to ensure that the final straightness and coaxiality of the pipe 4 meet the requirements.

[0048] During the circumferential butt-jointing assembly of long pipes 4, especially for the alignment of extra-long, large-diameter pipes, the present invention's coaxiality and straightness control device for the assembly of extra-long pipes 4, compared to traditional internal static alignment, enables dynamic alignment monitoring. This device measures deformation trends and conditions during the welding process, quickly identifies alignment deviations during circumferential welding, and allows for timely rotation of the pipe 4, adjustment of the welding sequence, and real-time monitoring of pipe 4 deformation, enabling real-time control of the coaxiality of the extra-long pipe 4. A dial indicator or laser rangefinder can be installed on each mounting bracket 2 to enable real-time reading of deformation data during the butt-jointing process.

[0049] Specifically, each mounting support 2 is further provided with a backing plate 3, which is preferably an arc-shaped plate, with the upper and lower surfaces of the backing plate 3 being coaxially arranged arc surfaces. The backing plate 3 can be fixedly mounted on the upper end of the web 21 by welding. The axial length of the backing plate 3 is greater than the thickness of the web 21 in this direction. The bottom surface of the backing plate 3 is fixedly connected to the web 21 and the top of each rib 23 by welding. The backing plate 3 is horizontally located between the alignment step 212 and the reference boss 24. The upper surface of the backing plate 3 forms the mounting reference surface 31, which is an arc-shaped surface.

[0050] Specifically, each of the pads 3 is provided with an arc-shaped measuring step 32 , and an upwardly disposed step surface of the arc-shaped measuring step 32 forms the measuring reference surface 321 .

[0051] Specifically, the reference boss 24 is stepped and has an L-shaped longitudinal cross-section. The reference boss 24 can be mounted on the upper end of the web 21 by welding. The width of the reference boss 24 in the axial direction of the mounting reference surface 31 of the pad 3 is greater than the thickness of the web 21. The reference boss 24 and the alignment step 212 are both spaced apart from the outer surface of the pad 3 so as not to hinder the installation of the pad 3. A first reference surface 241 and a second reference surface 242 are provided on the side of the reference boss 24 away from the pad 3, which are perpendicular to each other. The first reference surface 241 and the second reference surface 242 are connected to each other in an L-shape.

[0052] Specifically, the web 21 is provided with a first side surface and a fourth side surface parallel to the axis of the mounting reference surface 31, the first side surface and the fourth side surface are arranged opposite to each other, the reference boss 24 is located at the connection node between the upper end surface of the web 21 and the first side surface, and the alignment step 212 is located at the connection node or corner between the upper end surface of the web 21 and the fourth side surface.

[0053] Specifically, each mounting bracket 2 is further provided with a plurality of ribs 23. The web 21 has a second side surface and a third side surface that are oppositely disposed and perpendicular to the axis of the mounting reference surface 31. The plurality of ribs 23 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the web 21. Each rib 23 is tightly connected to the second side surface or the third side surface. The bottom surface of each rib 23 is tightly connected to the bottom plate 22, and the upper end surface of each rib 23 is tightly connected to the lower surface of the pad 3. The first side surface 213, the second side surface, the third side surface, and the fourth side surface are sequentially connected end to end and are all four interconnected vertical side surfaces of the web 21.

[0054] Specifically, the plurality of reference holes 211 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the web 21 relative to the pad 3, and the reference holes 211 on the left and right sides are respectively located below the alignment step 212 and the reference boss 24, and the plurality of ribs 23 are all located between the plurality of reference holes 211 on the left and right sides.

[0055] Specifically, refer to Figure 8 The bottom ends of the web 21 connected to the left and right ribs 23 are chamfered to facilitate the welding and fixation of the web 21, bottom plate 22, and ribs 23. The upper and lower ends of the side where each rib 23 is tightly connected to the web 21 are chamfered. The upper chamfer ensures a stable structure when welding the web 21, the top ends of the ribs 23, and the backing plate 3.

[0056] A method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of an extra-long pipe fitting, using the above-mentioned device for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of an extra-long pipe fitting, comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1. Assemble the mounting supports: assemble and weld the parts into a plurality of mounting supports 2, wherein the reference boss in each mounting support 2 is welded to its web.

[0058] S2. Process the upper end surface of each base plate 22 to make it horizontal. Taking the upper end surface of the base plate 22 as a reference, process the first reference surface 241 and the second reference surface 242 perpendicular to each other on each reference boss 24. At the same time, process the alignment step 212 and each reference hole 211 on each web 21.

[0059] S3. Using each reference boss 24 as a reference, machine the upper surface of the backing plate 3 to form an arc-shaped installation reference surface 31. Control the distance between the center or axis of the installation reference surface 31 and the first reference surface 241 and the second reference surface 242 on the reference boss 24 so that the installation reference surface 31 matches the outer surface of the pipe fitting 4 to be docked. Simultaneously, machine a curved measuring step 32 with a width x height of 50 mm x 6 mm on the installation reference surface 31. The upward-facing step surface on this curved measuring step 32 forms a measuring reference surface 321. The cross-section of the measuring reference surface 321 in a vertical plane parallel to the web 21 is curved, and the curved measuring step 32 is coaxial with the installation reference surface 31. That is, the axis of the measuring reference surface 321 coincides with the axis of the installation reference surface 31. The coaxiality between the curved measuring step 32 and the installation reference surface 31 is no greater than 0.1 mm. Among them, the horizontal distance between the center or axis of the installation reference surface 31 and the first reference surface 241, and the vertical distance between the center or axis of the installation reference surface 31 and the second reference surface 242 can be determined according to the size of the actual pipe 4 to be connected.

[0060] S4. Install each mounting support 2 on the cast iron platform 5, and use the laser aligner 1 to adjust so that the axes of each reference hole 211 coincide, the alignment steps 212 correspond to each other, the first reference surface 241 on each reference boss 24 is horizontally aligned, and the second reference surface 242 is vertically aligned. The alignment degree is no more than 0.1 mm, which can ensure that the arc center of the mounting reference surface 31 on each mounting support 2 is on the same horizontal axis.

[0061] S5. Install each of the butted pipes 4 on corresponding mounting supports 2. Adjust the outer surface of each pipe 4 to fully align with the mounting reference surface 31 on the corresponding mounting support 2. Measure and record the distance X1 between the arc-shaped measuring step 32 on each mounting reference surface 31 and the outer surface of the pipe 4. When the arc-shaped surface of each mounting support 2 on the outer surface of the pipe 4 fully aligns, the coaxiality of the butted pipes 4 can be considered to meet the requirements. Alignment can be determined by shining a flashlight between the pipe 4 and the mounting reference surface 31 to see if light is visible.

[0062] S6. Assemble and weld the butted pipe 4: During the welding process, measure the distance Xn between the measuring datum surface 321 of the arc-shaped measuring step 32 on the mounting datum surface 31 and the outer surface of the pipe 4 in real time. At this point, the welding deformation Y = Xn - X1. When the deformation Y reaches 0.5mm, synchronously rotate the butted pipes 4 on both sides of the welding node to eliminate the influence of gravity. Adjust the welding sequence and weld in the opposite direction to control the deformation to less than 0.5mm, ultimately controlling the coaxiality and straightness of the pipe 4 to φ2mm. During the welding process, determine the deformation direction and amount of the pipe 4 based on the distance between the measuring datum surface 321 on each mounting support and the outer surface of the corresponding pipe 4. Control the welding deformation by adjusting the welding sequence and welding orientation, ensuring that the final straightness and coaxiality of the pipe 4 meet the requirements. During the centering control process of the circumferential seam butt-jointed assembly of long pipe fittings, compared with internal static centering control only before welding, the control method of the coaxiality and straightness of the super-long pipe fittings in this solution is the dynamic centering monitoring during the welding process. It can quickly identify the centering deviation during the circumferential seam welding process, and timely rotate the butt-jointed pipe fittings in four directions to adjust the welding sequence. This can achieve real-time control of the coaxiality and straightness of the super-long pipe fittings, ensuring that the final straightness and coaxiality of the pipe fittings meet the requirements.

[0063] The coaxiality and straightness control device and method for welding extra-long pipes in this solution have been applied to two 17-meter-long pipes in a project. Using this control device and method ensures the accuracy of straightness control during the welding process of slender pipes. This ensures the accuracy of measurement and analysis during the process, significantly improving the efficiency of straightness monitoring and inspection during and after manufacturing.

[0064] The other contents of the device and method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of the welding of super-long pipes described in the present invention can be found in the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0065] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of extra-long pipes, characterized by: The control device used includes a plurality of parallel and spaced mounting supports, which are used to support each pipe fitting. Each mounting support includes a base plate, a web plate and a reference boss. The base plate is arranged horizontally, and the web plate is vertically fixed to the base plate. A mounting reference surface and a measurement reference surface are provided above the web plate in order from top to bottom, and the mounting reference surface matches the outer surface of the pipe fitting. The web plate is provided with an alignment step and a plurality of reference holes. The reference boss is fixed to the web, the reference boss and the alignment step are respectively located on both sides of the web, and a first reference surface and a second reference surface perpendicular to each other are provided on the reference boss, the first reference surface is vertically arranged and parallel to the axis of the mounting reference surface, and there is a distance between the first reference surface, the second reference surface and the axis of the mounting reference surface; The axes of the corresponding reference holes coincide with each other, the alignment steps correspond to each other, and the axes of the installation reference surfaces coincide with each other; The mounting support is further provided with a pad, the length of the pad in the axial direction of which is greater than the thickness of the web in this direction, the pad being mounted on the upper end of the web, the upper surface of the pad forming the mounting reference surface, the pad being provided with an arc-shaped measuring step, the upwardly facing step surface of the arc-shaped measuring step forming the measuring reference surface; The method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of super-long pipe fittings includes the following steps: S1. Assemble each of the mounting brackets; S2. Processing the upper end surface of the bottom plate so that it is horizontal, using the upper end surface of the bottom plate as a reference, processing the first and second reference surfaces perpendicular to each other on the reference boss, and processing the alignment step and each of the reference holes on the web; S3. Processing the upper surface of the pad to form the mounting reference surface, while processing a width × height of 50mm × 6mm on the mounting reference surface to measure the arc step; S4. Each of the mounting brackets is mounted on a cast iron platform, and a laser aligner is used to adjust the axes of the reference holes so that the axes of the reference holes coincide, the alignment steps are aligned, and the reference bosses are aligned; S5. Install the two butted pipes on the corresponding mounting brackets, adjust the outer surface of the pipe to fit the mounting base surface on the corresponding mounting bracket, and measure and record the distance X1 between the arc-shaped measuring step on each mounting base surface and the outer surface of the pipe. S6. Assemble and weld the butted pipe fittings. During the welding process, measure the distance Xn between the measuring reference surface on the installation reference surface and the outer surface of the pipe fitting in real time. At this time, the welding deformation amount Y = Xn-X1. When the deformation amount Y reaches 0.5mm, rotate the butted pipe fittings, adjust the welding sequence, and weld in the reverse direction to control the deformation.

2. The method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of super-long pipes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length of the reference boss in the axial direction of the pad is greater than the thickness of the web. The reference boss is step-shaped and fixed to the upper end of the web. The reference boss and the alignment step are respectively located on both sides of the pad. The first reference plane and the second reference plane are both located on the side of the reference boss away from the pad. The first reference plane and the second reference plane are connected to each other in an L-shape.

3. The method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of super-long pipes according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The web is provided with a first side surface and a fourth side surface parallel to the axis of the installation reference surface. The first side surface and the fourth side surface are arranged opposite to each other. The reference boss is located at the connection node between the upper end surface of the web and the first side surface. The alignment step is located at the connection node between the upper end surface of the web and the fourth side surface.

4. The method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of super-long pipes according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The mounting support is also provided with a plurality of ribs, and the web has a second side surface and a third side surface which are arranged opposite to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the mounting reference surface. The plurality of ribs are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the web, and each of the ribs is tightly connected to the second side surface or the third side surface, and the bottom surface of each of the ribs is tightly connected to the bottom plate, and the upper end surface of each of the ribs is tightly connected to the lower surface of the pad; the first side surface, the second side surface, the third side surface and the fourth side surface are connected end to end in sequence.

5. The method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of super-long pipes according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The plurality of reference holes are distributed on the left and right sides of the web, and the reference holes on the left and right sides are respectively located below the alignment step and the reference boss, and the plurality of ribs are located between the plurality of reference holes on the left and right sides.

6. The method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of super-long pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the distance between the center or axis of the installation reference surface and the first reference surface and the second reference surface is controlled, and the installation reference surface is processed based on the reference boss, wherein the measurement reference surface on the arc-shaped measurement step is coaxially arranged with the installation reference surface, and the coaxiality is not greater than 0.1 mm.

7. The method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of super-long pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, each of the first reference surfaces and each of the second reference surfaces are aligned with each other, and the alignment degree is no greater than 0.1 mm.

8. The method for controlling the coaxiality and straightness of welding of super-long pipes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S5, whether the pipe is fitted to the installation reference surface is determined by illuminating the space between the outer surface of the pipe and the installation reference surface with a flashlight to see if light is visible.

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