Mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ testing drive device and drilling and sampling device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ test drive device and a drilling and sampling device and method, comprising: a hoisting assembly; a shell, the top of which is fixed to an umbilical cable, and the bottom is provided with a joint, the joint is used to be detachably fixed to the component to be driven, and the shell is provided with a one-way solenoid valve, an air extraction pipe, and a plug; a lifting assembly; a hook assembly, which includes a hook seat, a pin shaft, a pair of hooks, a tension spring, and a limiting ring; when the upper ends of the pair of hooks extend into the limiting ring, the lower ends of the pair of hooks open; when the upper ends of the pair of hooks are separated from the limiting ring, the tension spring is naturally tightened, and the lower ends of the pair of hooks abut against each other; a drop hammer; a rangefinder, which is used to detect the distance the drop hammer is lifted upward; a telescopic depth gauge, which is provided at the bottom of the shell. The device of the present invention replaces the drill rod drive method and can overcome the defects of inaccurate test data and low work efficiency caused by the excessive length of the drill rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of in-situ testing for land and water engineering surveys, and more particularly to a mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ testing drive device and a drilling and sampling device and method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional standard penetration test and dynamic penetration testing equipment are simple in structure, requiring a drill pipe to connect the standard penetrometer or dynamic penetration probe at the bottom of the hole to the surface or a work platform. Test efficiency decreases with increasing hole depth, while increasing drill pipe length also leads to inaccurate test data. Norms for drill pipe lengths exceeding 20 meters lack reliable regulations or references. Therefore, there is an urgent need for equipment that can perform standard penetration tests and dynamic penetration tests at the bottom of the hole to address efficiency and test data accuracy issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.

[0004] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ test driving device is provided, comprising:

[0005] a hoisting assembly having an umbilical cable;

[0006] A housing, the top of which is fixed to the umbilical cable, and the bottom of which is provided with a joint, the joint having a detachable and fixed structure adapted to the top of the component to be driven, the housing being provided with a one-way solenoid valve, an exhaust pipe connected to the one-way solenoid valve, and a plug for sealing the exhaust pipe interface, the exhaust pipe being used to connect to a vacuum pump;

[0007] A lifting assembly is disposed in the housing, wherein the lifting assembly includes an oil cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder;

[0008] A hook assembly, comprising a hook seat provided on the piston rod of the lifting assembly, a pin provided on the hook seat, a pair of hooks relatively and rotatably connected to the pin, a tension spring with both ends fixed to the pair of hooks and located below the pin, and a limiting ring provided on the housing and located on the outer periphery of the piston rod, wherein when the upper ends of the pair of hooks move upward and extend into the limiting ring, the lower ends of the pair of hooks open; when the upper ends of the pair of hooks move downward and disengage from the limiting ring, the tension spring is naturally tightened, and the lower ends of the pair of hooks abut against each other;

[0009] a drop hammer located within the housing and below the hook assembly, wherein an L-shaped hook head is provided at the upper end of the drop hammer, wherein when the lower ends of a pair of hooks are separated by a certain distance, the radial dimension of the hook head is no greater than the distance;

[0010] a rangefinder disposed in the housing, the rangefinder being used to detect the distance the drop weight is lifted upward;

[0011] A telescopic depth gauge is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and a probe of the telescopic depth gauge is located at the bottom of the telescopic end thereof.

[0012] Preferably, the housing comprises:

[0013] A connecting sleeve, the upper and lower end surfaces of which are closed, the umbilical cable is fixed to the top of the connecting sleeve through an umbilical cable seat, the rangefinder and the one-way solenoid valve are arranged at the bottom of the connecting sleeve, and the outlet end of the exhaust pipe is arranged on the side wall of the connecting sleeve;

[0014] A hook cylinder, which is fixed to the bottom of the connecting sleeve, the probe of the rangefinder extends into the hook cylinder, the one-way valve is connected to the hook cylinder, and the lifting assembly and the hook assembly are arranged in the hook cylinder;

[0015] The outer tube of the penetrometer is threadedly connected and fixed to the lower end of the hook tube. The drop hammer is accommodated in the outer tube of the penetrometer. The bottom of the outer tube of the penetrometer is provided with the telescopic depth gauge and the joint.

[0016] Preferably, the rangefinder is a laser rangefinder.

[0017] Preferably, the component to be driven includes any one of a standard penetrator, a drilling sampler, a penetrating sampler, and a cone probe, the top of the component to be driven has a threaded hole, and the joint is provided with a thread adapted to the threaded hole.

[0018] Preferably, the upper ends of the power data line of the one-way solenoid valve, the power data line of the rangefinder, and the power data line of the telescopic depth gauge are integrated into one, and together with a steel wire rope, they are wrapped and sealed by a sealing layer to form the umbilical cable.

[0019] Preferably, the telescopic depth gauge comprises a steel pipe which is slidably sleeved in sequence and the probe which is arranged at the end, wherein the data line of the probe located in the steel pipe is spiral-shaped.

[0020] Preferably, the hoisting device assembly includes a winch, a pulley and a casing, one end of the umbilical cable extending out of the umbilical cable seat passes around the pulley and is fixed to the winch, the shell moves axially along the casing and is located inside the casing, and a power and data cable is separated from the upper end of the umbilical cable and connected to a computer.

[0021] Provided is a drilling device with a mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ test drive device, characterized in that it comprises a mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ test drive device and a standard penetrometer or a cone probe detachably fixed to the joint.

[0022] A sampling device for a mechanically controlled in-situ bottom hole test drive device is provided, which is characterized by comprising a mechanically controlled in-situ bottom hole test drive device and a drilling soil sampler or a penetrating soil sampler detachably fixed to the joint.

[0023] A driving method for a mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ testing driving device is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1. Connect and fix the component to be driven to the joint, and fully extend the telescopic depth gauge to its longest length;

[0025] S2. Loosen the plug, connect the exhaust pipe to the vacuum pump, start the vacuum pump, and when the required vacuum degree is reached in the housing, turn off the vacuum pump, disconnect the vacuum pump from the exhaust pipe, and seal the plug on the exhaust pipe;

[0026] S3. Start the hoist assembly, and use the umbilical cable to hoist the housing and the component to be driven into the casing hole until the component to be driven reaches the bottom of the casing hole, and appropriately loosen the umbilical cable for a certain distance. At this time, the probe of the telescopic depth gauge also reaches the bottom of the casing hole;

[0027] S4. Start the lifting assembly to move the piston rod downward, so that a pair of hooks hook the drop hammer. Start the lifting assembly to move the piston rod upward, driving the drop hammer to move upward. The rangefinder detects the upward movement distance of the drop hammer until the upward movement distance of the drop hammer causes the upper end of the hook to reach the position of the limiting ring sleeve. The upper ends of a pair of hooks abut and the lower ends open, releasing the drop hammer. The drop hammer freely falls and impacts the bottom of the shell. The shell drives the component to be driven to penetrate downward. The probe of the telescopic depth gauge is compressed and retracted, and the retraction distance is output, that is, the single penetration depth of the component to be driven is obtained.

[0028] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0029] First, the mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ test drive device and drilling, sampling device and method of the present invention are used to perform standard penetration test and dynamic sounding test in the casing hole, obtain data of the standard penetration test or the dynamic sounding test of the cone probe, and record the relevant test depth and data.

[0030] Second, the principle of the invention is to seal the oil cylinder (air cylinder) in a vacuum state, and use the piston rod to lift the standard drop hammer to the height specified by the standard to carry out the impact test. With the increase of hole depth, multiple experiments are completed, which improves the experimental efficiency and avoids the defect of requiring a large number of drill rods in traditional experiments. The present invention uses an oil cylinder (air cylinder) to lift the drop hammer, and a computer controls the automated operation of penetration. The penetration data is transmitted to the computer for recording, analysis and processing, and the experimental results are output.

[0031] Third, the present invention allows the standard penetration test to be conducted at the bottom of the casing hole, significantly improving the relevant testing process. This improves work efficiency, as computer-generated test data replaces traditional manual recording methods. The collected test data is accurate and efficient, reducing survey costs, shortening construction cycles, and saving production costs.

[0032] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part from the following description and will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-section position of the driving device according to one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A detailed view of the connecting sleeve and the hook barrel according to one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the hook assembly according to one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 A detailed view of the outer cylinder of the penetrator according to one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 is a detailed diagram of the standard penetrator;

[0038] Figure 6 A detailed view of the drilling soil sampler;

[0039] Figure 7 A detailed view of the soil penetration device;

[0040] Figure 8 Detailed view of the cone probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0042] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified; in the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the meanings of the accompanying drawings in the specification of the present invention are as follows: lifting assembly 100, umbilical cable 11, shell 200, joint 21, component to be driven 300, one-way solenoid valve 22, exhaust pipe 23, plug 24, lifting assembly 400, hook assembly 500, piston rod 41, hook seat 51, pin 52, hook 53, tension spring 54, limiting ring sleeve 55, drop hammer 600, hook head 61, rangefinder 25, telescopic depth gauge 700, connecting sleeve 26, hook tube 27, penetrator outer tube 28, standard penetrator 1, drilling sampler 2, penetrator 3, cone probe 4, winch 12, pulley 13, casing 14, umbilical cable seat 15, oil pipe 42, oil cylinder barrel 43.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ test driving device, comprising:

[0045] The hoisting assembly 100 has an umbilical cable 11 ; the hoisting assembly 100 may be composed of a winch 12 , a pulley 13 and the umbilical cable 11 . During surveying, a casing 14 is provided in the borehole, and the hoisting assembly 100 is used to place the drive device into the casing 14 hole. The umbilical cable 11 is typically secured to the drive housing using an umbilical cable holder 15. One end of the umbilical cable 11 extends from the umbilical cable holder 15, passes over the pulley 13, and is secured to the winch 12. The housing 200 is secured to the umbilical cable 11 at its top and has a connector 21 at its bottom. The connector 21 is detachably secured to the top of the component to be driven 300. The housing 200 is equipped with a one-way solenoid valve 22, an exhaust pipe 23 connected to the one-way solenoid valve 22, and a plug 24 for sealing the interface of the exhaust pipe 23. The exhaust pipe 23 is connected to a vacuum pump. Specifically, the umbilical cable 11 is secured to the top of the housing 200 via the umbilical cable holder 15. The connector 21 can be threaded, and a threaded hole is provided at the top of the component to be driven 300. This threaded connection allows for detachable securement, facilitating testing. The components to be driven 300 primarily include a standard penetrator 1, a drilling sampler 2, a penetrating sampler 3, and a cone probe 4. The exhaust pipe 23, plug 24, one-way solenoid valve 22, and vacuum pump are used to create a vacuum within the housing 200 in order to reduce the effect of air resistance on the fall of the drop hammer 600, thereby improving the accuracy of penetration data detection. The plug 24 is loosened, and the exhaust pipe 23 is connected to the vacuum pump. The vacuum pump is started. When the required vacuum level is reached within the housing 200, the vacuum pump is turned off, the connection between the vacuum pump and the exhaust pipe 23 is disconnected, and the plug 24 is sealed to the exhaust pipe 23. With the combination of the plug 24 and the one-way solenoid valve 22, the vacuum level within the housing 200 can be maintained for a long time, preparing for driving penetration. The plug 24 and the exhaust pipe 23 can be connected by a threaded connection.

[0046] The lifting assembly 400 is arranged in the shell 200, and the lifting assembly 400 includes an oil cylinder or an air cylinder; when the oil cylinder is selected, two horizontal mounting plates are spaced apart in the shell 200, the oil pipe 42 of the oil cylinder is passed through and fixed on the upper mounting plate, and the cylinder barrel 43 is installed and fixed on the lower mounting plate. When the oil cylinder is started, the piston rod 41 can be driven to move up and down. The hydraulic system of the oil cylinder is placed outside and is located on the platform where the lifting assembly 400 is installed. The hydraulic system transports power hydraulic oil to the oil cylinder through the oil pipe 42.

[0047] The hook assembly 500 includes a hook seat 51 arranged on the piston rod 41 of the lifting assembly 400, a pin 52 arranged on the hook seat 51, a pair of hooks 53 relatively and rotatably connected to the pin 52, a tension spring 54 with both ends fixed on the pair of hooks 53 and located below the pin 52, and a limiting ring 55 arranged on the shell 200 and located on the outer periphery of the piston rod 41, wherein when the upper ends of the pair of hooks 53 move upward and extend into the limiting ring 55, the lower ends of the pair of hooks 53 open; when the upper ends of the pair of hooks 53 move downward and disengage from the limiting ring 55, the tension spring 54 is naturally tightened, and the lower ends of the pair of hooks 53 abut against each other; under the action of external force, the pair of hooks 53 can rotate relative to the pin 52, thereby realizing the locking and unlocking of the lower ends of the pair of hooks 53. Specifically, when the upper ends of the pair of hooks 53 are located within the limiting ring 55, the upper ends of the pair of hooks 53 move toward each other a certain distance or even abut against each other, and the lower ends separate, which is the unlocked state. When the upper ends of the pair of hooks 53 are separated from the limiting ring 55, the tension spring 54 is tightened, and the upper ends of the pair of hooks 53 are no longer restricted by the limiting ring 55 and separate. The lower ends move toward each other and abut against each other under the action of the tension spring 54, which is the locked state. When the drop hammer 600 is hung on the pair of hooks 53, the lower ends of the pair of hooks 53 abut against the drop hammer 600, locking the drop hammer 600. The limiting ring 55 can be configured as a frustum with a smaller upper portion and a larger lower portion to facilitate the upper ends of the pair of hooks 53 to enter and exit the limiting ring 55. The hook portions at the lower ends of the pair of hooks 53 are further configured to be in an inverted V shape when the lower ends abut against each other, so that when the pair of hooks 53 move downward, they open under the downward driving force of the piston rod 41 to hook the hanging head 61 on the drop hammer 600.

[0048] A drop hammer 600 is located within the housing 200 and below the hook assembly 500. An L-shaped hanging head 61 is provided at the upper end of the drop hammer 600. When the lower ends of the pair of hooks 53 are separated by a certain distance, the radial dimension of the hanging head 61 is no greater than the distance.

[0049] The rangefinder 25 is disposed within the housing 200 and is used to detect the distance the drop hammer 600 is lifted upward. This distance is measured and controlled by the rangefinder 25. The rangefinder 25 detects the upward distance of the drop hammer 600 in real time. When the preset distance is reached (when the upper end of the hook 53 extends into the limit ring 55), the lifting assembly 400 is powered off, the drop hammer 600 stops lifting, and simultaneously, the lower end of the hook 53 opens and unlocks, releasing the drop hammer 600. The rangefinder 25 can be a laser rangefinder, which is convenient for distance measurement and control.

[0050] A telescopic depth gauge 700 is mounted on the bottom of the housing 200, with its probe located at the bottom of its telescopic end. The telescopic depth gauge 700 is used to detect penetration depth. Specifically, the telescopic depth gauge 700 is extended to its maximum length, with its probe reaching the bottom of the casing 14. The drop hammer 600 freely falls and impacts the bottom of the housing 200, driving the driven component downward. Simultaneously, the probe of the telescopic depth gauge 700 is compressed and retracted, detecting and outputting the retraction distance, which represents the single penetration depth of the driven component 300.

[0051] In the above technical solution, the method of using the driving device is specifically as follows: the component to be driven 300 is connected and fixed to the joint 21, and the telescopic depth gauge is fully extended to its longest length;

[0052] Loosen the plug 24 and connect the exhaust pipe 23 to the vacuum pump. Start the vacuum pump. When the required vacuum level is reached in the housing 200, turn off the vacuum pump, disconnect the vacuum pump from the exhaust pipe 23, and seal the plug 24 to the exhaust pipe 23.

[0053] The hoist assembly is started, and the umbilical cable 11 hoists the housing 200 and the component to be driven 300 into the casing 14 until the component to be driven 300 reaches the bottom of the casing 14. The umbilical cable 11 is appropriately loosened for a certain distance. At this time, the probe of the telescopic depth gauge 700 also reaches the bottom of the casing 14.

[0054] The lifting assembly 400 is started to move the piston rod 41 downward, so that a pair of hooks 53 hook the drop hammer 600. The lifting assembly 400 is started to move the piston rod 41 upward, driving the drop hammer 600 to move upward. The rangefinder 25 detects the distance the drop hammer 600 moves upward until the distance the drop hammer 600 moves upward causes the upper end of the hook 53 to reach the position of the limiting ring sleeve 55. The upper ends of the pair of hooks 53 abut and the lower ends open, releasing the drop hammer 600. The drop hammer 600 falls freely and impacts the bottom of the shell 200. The shell 200 drives the component to be driven 300 to penetrate downward. The probe of the telescopic depth gauge 700 is compressed and retracted, and the retraction distance is output, that is, the single penetration depth of the component to be driven 300 is obtained.

[0055] The above technical solution primarily addresses the problem that conventional standard penetration and cone probe 4 penetration tests can only be conducted above a machine. Each test requires manually connecting drill rods one by one to the penetrometer above the machine, and then connecting a drop hammer 600 to the top of the drill rods to conduct the relevant test. Traditional testing methods are inefficient, and friction between the drill rods and the borehole wall, as well as loose connections between the drill rods, can also cause inaccurate test data. When the present invention is used to conduct relevant tests at the bottom of a hole, the use of a winch 12 to lower and elevate the drive device and the penetration equipment (the component to be driven 300) significantly improves work efficiency. Furthermore, the test is located at the bottom of the hole, overcoming data errors caused by the drill rods and greatly improving the accuracy of the test data.

[0056] In another technical solution, the housing 200 includes:

[0057] The upper and lower end surfaces of the connecting sleeve 26 are closed. The umbilical cable 11 is fixed to the top of the connecting sleeve 26 through the umbilical cable seat 15. The rangefinder 25 and the one-way solenoid valve 22 are arranged at the bottom of the connecting sleeve 26. The outlet end of the exhaust pipe 23 is arranged on the side wall of the connecting sleeve 26. The exhaust pipe 23 does not vacuum the inside of the connecting sleeve 26, but only vacuums the hook tube 27 and the outer tube 28 of the penetrator, which significantly reduces the vacuum volume.

[0058] The hook tube 27 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting sleeve 26. The probe of the rangefinder 25 extends into the hook tube 27. The one-way valve is connected to the hook tube 27. The lifting assembly 400 and the hook assembly 500 are disposed within the hook tube 27. The connecting sleeve 26 and the hook tube 27 are fixed by a threaded connection. The rangefinder 25 is used to detect the distance between the top of the drop weight 600 and its probe.

[0059] The outer tube 28 of the penetrometer is threadedly connected and fixed to the lower end of the hook tube 27. The bottom of the outer tube 28 of the penetrometer is closed. The drop hammer 600 is accommodated in the outer tube 28 of the penetrometer. The bottom of the outer tube 28 of the penetrometer is provided with the telescopic depth gauge 700 and the joint 21.

[0060] In the above technical solution, the shell 200 is mainly detachably fixed by the connecting sleeve 26, the hook tube 27, and the penetrator outer tube 28, so that when a fault occurs, it is convenient to repair and replace the components in the shell 200.

[0061] In another technical solution, the upper ends of the power and data lines of the one-way solenoid valve 22, the power and data lines of the rangefinder 25, and the power and data lines of the telescopic depth gauge 700 are integrated into one, and together with a steel wire rope, they are wrapped and sealed in a sealing layer to form the umbilical cable 11.

[0062] In the above technical solution, by gathering into cables and umbilical cables 11, the signals and circuits of various electrical components can be connected to an external computer to facilitate stable transmission of data and electrical signals, thereby preparing hardware connections for automated control and detection data.

[0063] In another technical solution, the telescopic depth gauge 700 comprises a steel pipe that is slidably mounted one above the other and a probe mounted at the end. The probe's data cable, located within the steel pipe, is spiral. The probe is mounted at the lower end of the first section, which transmits information sensed by the probe to a computer via the data cable within the pipe. The spiral cable is designed to extend or shorten as the pipe is stretched. The first section can be retracted into the second section, and so on. During use, the entire pipe is pulled out. During penetration, the lower end of the first section is retracted into the upper section due to resistance from the soil. The probe then transmits the collected signals from multiple penetrations to the computer via the data cable.

[0064] In another technical solution, when a fixed standard penetrator 1 or a cone probe 4 is connected to the joint 21 of the mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ test drive device, a drilling device can be formed.

[0065] In another technical solution, when a fixed drilling soil sampler 2 or a penetrating soil sampler 3 is connected to the joint 21 of the mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ test drive device, a sampling device can be formed.

[0066] A method for driving a mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ test driving device is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0067] S1. Connect and fix the driven component 300 to the joint 21, and fully extend the telescopic depth gauge to its longest position;

[0068] S2. Loosen the plug 24 and connect the exhaust pipe 23 to the vacuum pump. Start the vacuum pump. When the required vacuum level is reached in the housing 200, turn off the vacuum pump, disconnect the vacuum pump from the exhaust pipe 23, and seal the plug 24 to the exhaust pipe 23.

[0069] S3. Start the hoist assembly, and use the umbilical cable 11 to hoist the housing 200 and the component to be driven 300 into the hole of the casing 14 until the component to be driven 300 reaches the bottom of the hole of the casing 14. The umbilical cable 11 is appropriately loosened for a certain distance. At this time, the probe of the telescopic depth gauge 700 also reaches the bottom of the hole of the casing 14.

[0070] S4. Start the lifting assembly 400 to move the piston rod 41 downward, so that a pair of hooks 53 hook the drop hammer 600. Start the lifting assembly 400 to move the piston rod 41 upward, driving the drop hammer 600 to move upward. The rangefinder 25 detects the distance the drop hammer 600 moves upward until the distance the drop hammer 600 moves upward causes the upper end of the hook 53 to reach the position of the limiting ring sleeve 55. The upper ends of the pair of hooks 53 abut and the lower ends open, releasing the drop hammer 600. The drop hammer 600 falls freely and impacts the bottom of the shell 200. The shell 200 drives the component to be driven 300 to penetrate downward. The probe of the telescopic depth gauge 700 is compressed and retracted, and the retraction distance is output, that is, the single penetration depth of the component to be driven 300 is obtained.

[0071] The above technical solution primarily addresses the problem that conventional standard penetration and cone probe 4 penetration tests can only be conducted above a machine. Each test requires manually connecting drill rods one by one to the penetrometer above the machine, and then connecting a drop hammer 600 to the top of the drill rods to conduct the relevant test. Traditional testing methods are inefficient, and friction between the drill rods and the borehole wall, as well as loose connections between the drill rods, can also cause inaccurate test data. When the present invention is used to conduct relevant tests at the bottom of a hole, the use of a winch 12 to lower and elevate the drive device and the penetration equipment (the component to be driven 300) significantly improves work efficiency. Furthermore, the test is located at the bottom of the hole, overcoming data errors caused by the drill rods and greatly improving the accuracy of the test data.

[0072] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A mechanically controlled in-situ bottom hole test drive device, characterized in that: include: a hoisting assembly having an umbilical cable; A housing, the top of which is fixed to the umbilical cable, and the bottom of which is provided with a joint, the joint having a detachable and fixed structure adapted to the top of the component to be driven, the housing being provided with a one-way solenoid valve, an exhaust pipe connected to the one-way solenoid valve, and a plug for sealing the exhaust pipe interface, the exhaust pipe being used to connect to a vacuum pump; A lifting assembly is disposed in the housing, wherein the lifting assembly includes an oil cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder; A hook assembly, comprising a hook seat provided on the piston rod of the lifting assembly, a pin provided on the hook seat, a pair of hooks relatively and rotatably connected to the pin, a tension spring with both ends fixed to the pair of hooks and located below the pin, and a limiting ring provided on the housing and located on the outer periphery of the piston rod, wherein when the upper ends of the pair of hooks move upward and extend into the limiting ring, the lower ends of the pair of hooks open; when the upper ends of the pair of hooks move downward and disengage from the limiting ring, the tension spring is naturally tightened, and the lower ends of the pair of hooks abut against each other; a drop hammer located within the housing and below the hook assembly, wherein an L-shaped hook head is provided at the upper end of the drop hammer, wherein when the lower ends of a pair of hooks are separated by a certain distance, the radial dimension of the hook head is no greater than the distance; a rangefinder disposed in the housing, the rangefinder being used to detect the distance the drop weight is lifted upward; a telescopic depth gauge, which is disposed at the bottom of the housing, with a probe of the telescopic depth gauge located at the bottom of the telescopic end thereof; Wherein, the housing comprises: A connecting sleeve, the upper and lower end surfaces of which are closed, the umbilical cable is fixed to the top of the connecting sleeve through an umbilical cable seat, the rangefinder and the one-way solenoid valve are arranged at the bottom of the connecting sleeve, and the outlet end of the exhaust pipe is arranged on the side wall of the connecting sleeve; A hook cylinder, which is fixed to the bottom of the connecting sleeve, the probe of the rangefinder extends into the hook cylinder, the one-way solenoid valve is connected to the hook cylinder, and the lifting assembly and the hook assembly are arranged in the hook cylinder; The outer tube of the penetrometer is threadedly connected and fixed to the lower end of the hook tube. The bottom of the outer tube of the penetrometer is closed. The drop hammer is accommodated in the outer tube of the penetrometer. The bottom of the outer tube of the penetrometer is provided with the telescopic depth gauge and the joint.

2. The mechanically controlled in-situ bottom hole testing and driving device according to claim 1, wherein: The rangefinder is a laser rangefinder.

3. The mechanically controlled in-situ bottom hole testing and driving device according to claim 1, wherein: The component to be driven includes any one of a standard penetrator, a drilling soil sampler, a penetrating soil sampler, and a cone probe. The top of the component to be driven has a threaded hole, and the joint is provided with a thread adapted to the threaded hole.

4. The mechanically controlled in-situ bottom hole testing and driving device according to claim 1, wherein: The upper ends of the power supply and data lines of the one-way solenoid valve, the rangefinder, and the telescopic depth gauge are integrated into one, and together with a steel wire rope, are wrapped and sealed in a sealing layer to form the umbilical cable.

5. The mechanically controlled in-situ bottom hole testing and driving device according to claim 1, wherein: The telescopic depth gauge comprises a steel pipe which is slidably sleeved in sequence and the probe which is arranged at the end, wherein the data line of the probe located in the steel pipe is spiral-shaped.

6. The mechanically controlled in-situ bottom hole testing and driving device according to claim 1, wherein: The lifting assembly includes a winch, a pulley and a sleeve. One end of the umbilical cable extending out of the umbilical cable seat passes around the pulley and is fixed to the winch. The shell is movably arranged in the sleeve along the axial direction. The power and data line is separated from the upper end of the umbilical cable and connected to the computer.

7. A drilling device based on the mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ test drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a standard penetrator or cone probe that is detachably fixed to the joint.

8. The sampling device of the mechanically controlled in-situ bottom hole testing drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a drilling soil sampler or a penetrating soil sampler that is detachably fixed to the joint.

9. A driving method for a mechanically controlled bottom hole in-situ testing driving device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Connect and fix the component to be driven to the joint, and fully extend the telescopic depth gauge to its longest position; S2. Loosen the plug, connect the exhaust pipe to the vacuum pump, start the vacuum pump, and when the required vacuum degree is reached in the housing, turn off the vacuum pump, disconnect the vacuum pump from the exhaust pipe, and seal the plug on the exhaust pipe; S3, starting the hoisting assembly, and hoisting the housing and the component to be driven into the casing hole with the umbilical cable until the component to be driven reaches the bottom of the casing hole, and appropriately loosening the umbilical cable for a certain distance. At this time, the probe of the telescopic depth gauge also reaches the bottom of the casing hole; S4. Start the lifting assembly to move the piston rod downward, so that a pair of hooks hook the drop hammer. Start the lifting assembly to move the piston rod upward, driving the drop hammer to move upward. The rangefinder detects the upward movement distance of the drop hammer until the upward movement distance of the drop hammer causes the upper end of the hook to reach the position of the limiting ring sleeve. The upper ends of a pair of hooks abut and the lower ends open, releasing the drop hammer. The drop hammer freely falls and impacts the bottom of the shell. The shell drives the component to be driven to penetrate downward. The probe of the telescopic depth gauge is compressed and retracted, and the retraction distance is output, that is, the single penetration depth of the component to be driven is obtained.

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