A method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on microvibration device's tubular material inner hole polishing method, it belongs to mechanical processing technical field.The present tubular material is polished to solve the problem that inner hole is difficult to process, processing efficiency is low, and it is difficult to guarantee the precision requirement of roughness when processing.Method: I, the preparation of polishing tool;II, grinding polishing.The application is based on microvibration device's tubular material inner hole polishing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, polishing the inner hole of tubular materials has always been quite difficult. Currently, the common methods for polishing the inner hole of tubular materials are honing or abrasive flow machining, but these traditional methods are inefficient. Furthermore, it is difficult to ensure the high precision requirements such as surface roughness during the inner hole polishing process, which will affect the machining accuracy of the workpiece. In addition, products with unqualified inner hole roughness need to be reworked, and the rework process is complicated with little allowance, which seriously affects the processing efficiency and may cause the product to be scrapped. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to address the problems of high difficulty, low efficiency, and difficulty in ensuring the precision requirements of surface roughness in the internal polishing of existing tubular materials, and provides a method for polishing the internal holes of tubular materials based on a micro-vibration device.

[0004] A method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device, comprising the following steps:

[0005] I. Preparation of polishing tools:

[0006] A stainless steel tapered bar is used as a polishing tool; the polishing tool is divided into a clamping area, an inlet area, a processing area and an outlet area along the axial direction from one end to the other.

[0007] The processing area has a conical structure; textured spiral lines are evenly distributed on the surface of the processing area;

[0008] II. Grinding and Polishing:

[0009] A tubular material is nested in the inlet area of ​​a polishing tool, and then the clamping area of ​​the polishing tool is clamped on a machine tool. The tubular material is clamped on an axial micro-vibration device. The first abrasive is applied to the spiral texture of the processing area of ​​the polishing tool. The machine tool and the axial micro-vibration device are run to perform initial grinding on the inner hole of the tubular material. After initial grinding, the second abrasive is dripped into the gap between the processing area of ​​the polishing tool and the tubular material. The machine tool and the axial micro-vibration device are run to grind and polish the inner hole of the tubular material. After grinding and polishing, the tubular material is moved to the outlet area of ​​the polishing tool. The polishing tool is removed, the workpiece is taken out and cleaned, thus completing the method for polishing the inner hole of the tubular material.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0011] The polishing tool provided by this invention, combined with a micro-vibration device, is used to grind and polish the inner hole of the tube, which improves the surface accuracy of the inner circle of the tubular material and enhances the stability of the processing. The roughness of the inner hole before processing is 2.87 micrometers, and after processing it is 0.754 micrometers.

[0012] This invention enables the workpiece to be supported by special machining tools during the processing, ensuring stability throughout the entire process. Simultaneously, this invention utilizes a micro-vibration device, whose flexible hinge structure enables high-precision axial micro-vibration of the pipe during processing, improving processing efficiency while ensuring processing quality.

[0013] Instruction manual illustrations

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing tool described in step one of embodiment one. 1 is the clamping area, 2 is the inlet area, 3 is the processing area, and 4 is the outlet area.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a macroscopic structural diagram of the textured spiral lines evenly distributed on the surface of the processing area in step one of Example 1;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the textured spiral described in step one of Example 1;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the axial micro-vibration device described in step two of embodiment one;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in step two of embodiment one, where a coil is set in the middle of the push rod;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of step two of embodiment one, in which the push rod is set in the middle of the clamping device through four flexible hinges;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a photograph of the tubular material before processing in step two of Example 1;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a comparison of the surface roughness of the inner hole of the tubular material before and after processing in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Specific implementation method one, combined with Figures 1 to 3 Detailed explanation: This embodiment is a method for polishing the inner hole of tubular materials based on a micro-vibration device, which is carried out according to the following steps:

[0023] I. Preparation of polishing tools:

[0024] A stainless steel tapered bar is used as a polishing tool; the polishing tool is divided into a clamping area, an inlet area, a processing area and an outlet area along the axial direction from one end to the other.

[0025] The processing area has a conical structure; textured spiral lines are evenly distributed on the surface of the processing area;

[0026] II. Grinding and Polishing:

[0027] A tubular material is nested in the inlet area of ​​a polishing tool, and then the clamping area of ​​the polishing tool is clamped on a machine tool. The tubular material is clamped on an axial micro-vibration device. The first abrasive is applied to the spiral texture of the processing area of ​​the polishing tool. The machine tool and the axial micro-vibration device are run to perform initial grinding on the inner hole of the tubular material. After initial grinding, the second abrasive is dripped into the gap between the processing area of ​​the polishing tool and the tubular material. The machine tool and the axial micro-vibration device are run to grind and polish the inner hole of the tubular material. After grinding and polishing, the tubular material is moved to the outlet area of ​​the polishing tool. The polishing tool is removed, the workpiece is taken out and cleaned, thus completing the method for polishing the inner hole of the tubular material.

[0028] This specific embodiment uses a femtosecond laser to process the surface texture of the stainless steel tapered bar processing area.

[0029] In this specific embodiment, the tubular material first enters from the inlet area. The inlet area has a small diameter (smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe), so the squeezing effect on the pipe is small, and it is mainly used to guide the pipe into the processing area.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

[0031] The polishing tool provided in this embodiment, combined with a micro-vibration device, is used to grind and polish the inner hole of the tube, which improves the surface accuracy of the inner circle of the tubular material and enhances the stability of the processing. The roughness of the inner hole before processing is 2.87 micrometers, and after processing it is 0.754 micrometers.

[0032] This embodiment can support the workpiece through special machining tools during the processing, ensuring the stability of the entire processing process; this embodiment also utilizes a micro-vibration device, in which a flexible hinge structure enables high-precision axial micro-vibration of the pipe during the processing, improving processing efficiency while ensuring processing quality.

[0033] Specific Implementation Method Two: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that: the stainless steel tapered rod mentioned in step one is made of 304 stainless steel, 316 stainless steel, or 410 stainless steel; the tubular material mentioned in step two is made of silicon carbide or aluminum oxide; in step two, the inner diameter of the tubular material is set to D1, and the length is set to L1, where D1 = 6mm to 6.1mm, and L1:D1 = (70 to 80):1. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0034] Specific Implementation Method Three: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One or Two in that the clamping area described in step one has a cylindrical structure; the diameter of the clamping area is 4.9mm to 5.1mm, and the length is 4.9cm to 5.1cm. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One or Two.

[0035] Specific Implementation Method Four: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Three in that the inlet region described in step one is a conical structure; let the diameter of the small end of the inlet region be D2, and the diameter of the large end of the inlet region be D3, where D1-D2 = 0.2mm to 0.3mm, D3 = D1, and let the length of the inlet region be L2, where L2-L1 = 0.35m to 0.4m. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Three.

[0036] Specific Implementation Method Five: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Four in that: in step one, the small end diameter of the processing area is set to D4, the large end diameter of the entrance area is set to D5, D4 = D3, D5 - D4 = 0.06mm ~ 0.16mm, and the length of the processing area is set to L3, L3 = L2. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Four.

[0037] Specific Implementation Method Six: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Five in that the outlet area described in step one is a cylindrical structure; the diameter of the outlet area is set to D6, where D6 = D5, and the length of the outlet area is set to L4, where L4 = L3. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Five.

[0038] Specific Implementation Method Seven: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Six in that the pitch of the textured spiral in step one is 4cm to 6cm, the texture height is 45 micrometers to 55 micrometers, and the texture width is 90 micrometers to 110 micrometers. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Six.

[0039] Specific Implementation Method Eight: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Seven in that: the first abrasive in step two is a diamond abrasive paste with a particle size of 8000-10000 mesh; the second abrasive liquid in step two is a diamond abrasive liquid with a particle size of 1200-1500 mesh. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Seven.

[0040] Specific Implementation Method Nine: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Eight in that: the initial grinding described in step two is specifically carried out for 12 to 18 minutes under the conditions of a polishing tool rotation speed of 35 r / min to 40 r / min, an axial micro-vibration stroke of the tubular material of 4 mm to 6 mm, and a reciprocating frequency of the tubular material of 8 Hz to 12 Hz; the grinding and polishing described in step two is specifically carried out for 8 to 12 minutes under the conditions of a polishing tool rotation speed of 50 r / min to 55 r / min, an axial micro-vibration stroke of the tubular material of 4 mm to 6 mm, and a reciprocating frequency of the tubular material of 8 Hz to 12 Hz. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Eight.

[0041] Specific implementation method ten, combined with Figures 4 to 6 Specific description: This embodiment differs from one of the specific embodiments one to nine in that: the axial micro-vibration device described in step two consists of a power supply 5, a DC controller, a housing 6, a clamping device 7, a push rod 8, a tubular material clamp 9, a coil 10, and a flexible hinge 11; the clamping devices 7 are fixedly installed on both sides of the housing 6, and the push rod 8 is installed inside the housing 6 and extends through the clamping devices 7 at both ends of the housing 6. The clamping device 7 has a cylindrical structure, and the two ends of the push rod 8 are respectively set in the middle of the clamping device 7 through four flexible hinges 11, and tubular material clamps are installed on the lower part of the outer surface of the two ends of the push rod 8 that extend through the clamping device 7. 9; A coil 10 is provided in the middle of the push rod 8, and the coil 10 is connected to a DC controller, which is connected to a power supply 5; the minimum thickness of the flexible hinge 11 along the axial direction of the push rod 8 is 0.4mm to 0.6mm, and the thickness of the flexible hinge 11 along the radial direction of the push rod 8 is 3.5mm to 4mm; the push rod 8 is made of a combination of stainless steel and permanent magnet material; the coil 10 is made of copper coil; the flexible hinge 11 is made of aluminum alloy 7075-T6; the tubular material is clamped on the tubular material clamp 9 of the axial micro-vibration device, so that the tubular material is parallel to the push rod 8. Other aspects are the same as in specific embodiments one to nine.

[0042] Since the tubular material and the machining tool undergo relative feed motion in the axial direction of the tube during machining, it has been found in actual machining process that simple relative feed motion has low machining efficiency and is prone to machining damage such as expansion and cracking of the tubular material. Therefore, a device is designed to enable the tubular material to achieve axial micro-vibration during machining, which can effectively reduce machining damage.

[0043] The working principle of the micro-vibration device is as follows: During the processing, the direction of the current is changed by the DC controller inside the outer shell 6. When the current is applied, the coil 10 generates a magnetic field due to the circular current. Under the action of the magnetic field force, the push rod 8 containing the permanent magnet moves. When the DC controller adjusts the current direction to the opposite direction, the magnetic field force on the permanent magnet is also opposite to that before, causing the push rod 8 to move in the opposite direction, thus achieving the effect of controlling the reciprocating motion of the push rod 8.

[0044] The push rod 8 is located inside the clamping device 7, and its internal structure is shown in the figure below. Figure 6 As shown, the push rod 8 is connected to the outer casing 6 via four evenly arranged flexible hinges 11 and a clamping device 7. The flexible hinges 11 are made of aluminum alloy 7075-T6, utilizing the material's characteristics of minute deformation and self-recovery. When the push rod is subjected to a magnetic force and moves in its axial direction, the high elasticity of the flexible hinges and the thinner connecting material in the axial direction allow the push rod to move in that direction. Conversely, the thicker hinges in the radial direction suppress radial movement, even with a lower radial magnetic force causing the push rod to tend to move radially. This flexible hinge structure ensures that the push rod only vibrates slightly in the axial direction, improving the accuracy and stability of the micro-vibration device.

[0045] In actual processing, the tubular material is clamped at tubular material clamps 9 on both sides of the device. During processing, the DC controller inside the outer shell 6 changes the direction of the current, causing the push rod 8 to reciprocate and continuously change its direction of movement in the axial direction of the tubular material. At the same time, the clamped tubular material follows the reciprocating motion of the micro-vibration device to achieve the effect of high-frequency, small-amplitude reciprocating vibration of the tubular material. When the tubular material is in the processing area of ​​the inner hole polishing tool, the polishing tool rotates while the micro-vibration device clamps the tubular material and performs high-frequency, small-amplitude vibration to efficiently polish the inner hole of the tubular material.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are verified using the following embodiments:

[0047] Example 1, combined with Figures 1 to 6 Detailed explanation:

[0048] A method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device, comprising the following steps:

[0049] I. Preparation of polishing tools:

[0050] A stainless steel tapered bar is used as a polishing tool; the polishing tool is divided into a clamping area, an inlet area, a processing area and an outlet area along the axial direction from one end to the other.

[0051] The processing area has a conical structure; textured spiral lines are evenly distributed on the surface of the processing area;

[0052] II. Grinding and Polishing:

[0053] A tubular material is nested in the inlet area of ​​a polishing tool, and then the clamping area of ​​the polishing tool is clamped on a machine tool. The tubular material is clamped on an axial micro-vibration device. The first abrasive is applied to the spiral texture of the processing area of ​​the polishing tool. The machine tool and the axial micro-vibration device are run to perform initial grinding on the inner hole of the tubular material. After initial grinding, the second abrasive is dripped into the gap between the processing area of ​​the polishing tool and the tubular material. The machine tool and the axial micro-vibration device are run to grind and polish the inner hole of the tubular material. After grinding and polishing, the tubular material is moved to the outlet area of ​​the polishing tool. The polishing tool is removed, the workpiece is taken out and cleaned, thus completing the method for polishing the inner hole of the tubular material.

[0054] The stainless steel tapered rod mentioned in step one is made of 304 stainless steel; the tubular material mentioned in step two is silicon carbide; in step two, the inner diameter of the tubular material is set to D1, and the length is set to L1, where D1 = 6mm and L1 = 45cm.

[0055] The clamping area mentioned in step one has a cylindrical structure; the diameter of the clamping area is 5mm and the length is 5cm.

[0056] The entrance area described in step one is a cone structure; let the diameter of the small end of the entrance area be D2, the diameter of the large end of the entrance area be D3, D2 = 5.8mm, D3 = 6mm, and the length of the entrance area be L2, L2 = 80cm.

[0057] In step one, let the small end diameter of the processing area be D4, the large end diameter of the entrance area be D5, D4 = 6mm, D5 = 6.16mm, and the length of the processing area be L3, L3 = 80cm.

[0058] The exit area described in step one is a cylindrical structure; let the diameter of the exit area be D6, D6 = 6.16 mm, and let the length of the exit area be L4, L4 = 80 cm.

[0059] The pitch of the textured spiral in step one is 5 cm, the texture height is 50 micrometers, and the texture width is 100 micrometers; the texture is the gap between adjacent spirals.

[0060] The first abrasive in step two is ELGIN 3# diamond abrasive paste with a particle size of 8000 mesh from the United States; the second abrasive liquid in step two is ELGIN 15# diamond abrasive liquid with a particle size of 1250 mesh from the United States.

[0061] The initial grinding described in step two is specifically carried out for 15 minutes under the conditions of a polishing tool rotation speed of 37 r / min, an axial micro-vibration stroke of 5 mm for the tubular material, and a reciprocating frequency of 10 Hz for the tubular material; the grinding and polishing described in step two is specifically carried out for 10 minutes under the conditions of a polishing tool rotation speed of 52 r / min, an axial micro-vibration stroke of 5 mm for the tubular material, and a reciprocating frequency of 10 Hz for the tubular material.

[0062] The axial micro-vibration device described in step two consists of a power supply 5, a DC controller, a housing 6, a clamping device 7, a push rod 8, a tubular material clamp 9, a coil 10, and flexible hinges 11. Clamping devices 7 are fixedly installed on both sides of the housing 6. The push rod 8 is located inside the housing 6 and extends through the clamping devices 7 at both ends of the housing 6. The clamping device 7 has a cylindrical structure. The two ends of the push rod 8 are respectively connected to the middle of the clamping device 7 via four flexible hinges 11. Tubular material clamps 9 are installed on the lower part of the outer surface of both ends of the push rod 8 extending through the clamping device 7. A coil 10 is installed in the middle of the push rod 8. The device is connected to a DC controller, which is in turn connected to a power supply 5. The minimum thickness of the flexible hinge 11 along the axial direction of the push rod 8 is 0.4 mm, and the thickness of the flexible hinge 11 along the radial direction of the push rod 8 is 4 mm. The material of the push rod 8 outside the housing 6 is 304 stainless steel, and the material of the push rod 8 inside the housing 6 is neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. The material of the coil 10 is copper coil. The material of the flexible hinge 11 is aluminum alloy 7075-T6. The tubular material is clamped on the tubular material clamp 9 of the axial micro-vibration device, so that the tubular material is parallel to the push rod 8.

[0063] Figure 7 This is a photograph of the tubular material before processing in step two of Example 1;

[0064] Figure 8 The figure shows a comparison of the surface roughness of the inner hole of the tubular material before and after processing in Example 1. As can be seen from the figure, the roughness before processing is 2.87 micrometers and the roughness after processing is 0.754 micrometers.

Claims

1. A method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device, characterized in that... It is done in the following steps: I. Preparation of polishing tools: A stainless steel tapered bar is used as a polishing tool; the polishing tool is divided into a clamping area, an inlet area, a processing area and an outlet area along the axial direction from one end to the other. The processing area has a conical structure; textured spiral lines are evenly distributed on the surface of the processing area; II. Grinding and Polishing: A tubular material is nested in the inlet area of ​​a polishing tool, and then the clamping area of ​​the polishing tool is clamped on a machine tool. The tubular material is clamped on an axial micro-vibration device. The first abrasive is applied to the spiral texture of the processing area of ​​the polishing tool. The machine tool and the axial micro-vibration device are run to perform initial grinding on the inner hole of the tubular material. After initial grinding, the second abrasive is dripped into the gap between the processing area of ​​the polishing tool and the tubular material. The machine tool and the axial micro-vibration device are run to grind and polish the inner hole of the tubular material. After grinding and polishing, the tubular material is moved to the outlet area of ​​the polishing tool. The polishing tool is removed, the workpiece is taken out and cleaned, thus completing the method of polishing the inner hole of the tubular material. The axial micro-vibration device consists of a power supply (5), a DC controller, a housing (6), a clamping device (7), a push rod (8), a tubular material clamp (9), a coil (10), and a flexible hinge (11). The clamping device (7) is fixedly installed on both sides of the housing (6). The push rod (8) is installed inside the housing (6) and passes through the clamping devices (7) at both ends of the housing (6). The clamping device (7) is a cylindrical structure. The two ends of the push rod (8) are respectively installed in the middle of the clamping device (7) through four flexible hinges (11). The lower part of the outer surface of the push rod (8) passing through the clamping device (7) is provided with a tubular material clamp (9). A coil (10) is set in the middle of the device, and the coil (10) is connected to the DC controller. The DC controller is connected to the power supply (5). The minimum thickness of the flexible hinge (11) along the axial direction of the push rod (8) is 0.4mm~0.6mm, and the thickness of the flexible hinge (11) along the radial direction of the push rod (8) is 3.5mm~4mm. The push rod (8) is made of a combination of stainless steel and permanent magnet materials. The coil (10) is made of copper coil. The flexible hinge (11) is made of aluminum alloy 7075-T6. The tubular material is clamped on the tubular material clamp (9) of the axial micro-vibration device so that the tubular material is parallel to the push rod (8).

2. The method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The stainless steel tapered rod mentioned in step one is made of 304 stainless steel, 316 stainless steel or 410 stainless steel; the tubular material mentioned in step two is silicon carbide or aluminum oxide; in step two, the inner diameter of the tubular material is set to D1, the length is L1, D1=6mm~6.1mm, L1:D1=(70~80):

1.

3. The method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The clamping area mentioned in step one has a cylindrical structure; the diameter of the clamping area is 4.9mm~5.1mm and the length is 4.9cm~5.1cm.

4. The method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device according to claim 2, characterized in that... The entrance region described in step one is a cone structure; let the diameter of the small end of the entrance region be D2, the diameter of the large end of the entrance region be D3, D1-D2=0.2mm~0.3mm, D3=D1, and let the length of the entrance region be L2, L2-L1=0.35m~0.4m.

5. The method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device according to claim 4, characterized in that... In step one, let the small end diameter of the processing area be D4, the large end diameter of the entrance area be D5, D4=D3, D5-D4=0.06mm~0.16mm, and let the length of the processing area be L3, L3=L2.

6. The method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device according to claim 5, characterized in that... The exit area described in step one is a cylindrical structure; let the diameter of the exit area be D6, D6=D5, and let the length of the exit area be L4, L4=L3.

7. The method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The pitch of the textured spiral described in step one is 4cm to 6cm, the texture height is 45 micrometers to 55 micrometers, and the texture width is 90 micrometers to 110 micrometers.

8. The method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The first abrasive in step two is a diamond abrasive paste with a particle size of 8000-10000 mesh; the second abrasive liquid in step two is a diamond abrasive liquid with a particle size of 1200-1500 mesh.

9. A method for polishing the inner hole of a tubular material based on a micro-vibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The initial grinding described in step two is specifically carried out for 12 to 18 minutes under the conditions of a polishing tool rotation speed of 35 r / min to 40 r / min, an axial micro-vibration stroke of 4 mm to 6 mm, and a reciprocating frequency of 8 Hz to 12 Hz for the tubular material. The grinding and polishing described in step two is specifically carried out for 8 to 12 minutes under the conditions of a polishing tool rotation speed of 50 r / min to 55 r / min, an axial micro-vibration stroke of 4 mm to 6 mm, and a reciprocating frequency of 8 Hz to 12 Hz for the tubular material.

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