Planning method of route and station information for rural public transportation electronic bus stop in different periods and time periods

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for planning the route and station information of a rural public transportation electronic bus stop in different periods and time periods, and relates to the technical field of public transportation planning, including constructing a rural public transportation road network database in different periods and time periods based on mobile phone signaling data, allocating sub-passenger flows to sections according to the weights of road nodes around the OD of rural residents' travel, and establishing a rural passenger flow intensity model for different sections in different periods and time periods; constructing a universal rural public transportation route planning model in different periods and time periods according to the rural passenger flow intensity of different sections in different periods and time periods, and forming rural public transportation routes in different periods and time periods; installing a time-division reused rural public transportation electronic bus stop at each station, and displaying different bus route and station information in different periods and time periods according to the travel characteristics of rural passenger flow, while meeting the travel needs of rural passenger flow, reducing the number of rural electronic bus stop installations, and effectively reducing its investment cost to form rural public transportation routes in different periods and time periods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of public transportation planning, and in particular to a method for planning period- and time-segment-based route and station information for rural public transportation electronic bus stops. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid economic development in recent years, not only the connection between urban and rural areas has become closer, but also the connection between rural areas has become closer. With the increasing demand for passenger transport, rural public transport planning has become increasingly important.

[0003] At present, bus planning technology is mainly carried out for cities. By obtaining the data of crowd residence points and crowd travel characteristics, bus routes and station locations are planned. The planned route and station information are fixed, and considering the travel needs of most residents, a large number of planned stations and electronic bus stops are required. Since urban passenger flow has the characteristics of aggregation and flow balance, this method can well solve the problem of unreasonable design of urban bus lines, but it is not suitable for rural bus planning, because rural areas have a larger scope than cities, and rural passenger flow has the characteristics of dispersion, time period, and flow imbalance. If rural bus planning completely adopts urban bus planning methods, it is necessary to plan more stations in rural areas, but due to the large scope of rural areas and sparse passenger flow, it will lead to problems such as a large number of rural electronic bus stops, high costs, and low utilization.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to plan the routes and station information of rural bus electronic bus stops in different periods and time periods. According to the travel characteristics of rural passenger flow, electronic bus stops can be used to display different bus routes and station information in different periods and time periods. While meeting the travel needs of rural passenger flow, the utilization rate of rural electronic bus stops can be fully improved, and its investment cost can be effectively reduced. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for planning the routes and station information of rural public bus electronic bus stops in different periods and time slots. Based on the OD data of rural residents' travel, a rural passenger flow intensity model for different sections is established in different periods and time slots, as well as a universal rural public bus route planning model in different periods and time slots. While meeting the travel needs of rural passenger flow, the number of rural electronic bus stops installed is reduced, and the investment cost is effectively reduced to form rural bus routes in different periods and time slots.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The method for planning the route and station information of the rural public transportation electronic bus stop in different periods and time periods includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) Constructing a rural public transportation network database based on mobile phone signaling data in different periods and time periods

[0009] Taking each rural area, hub station and town within the planning scope as a transportation zone, the study area is divided into several transportation zones, the centroid points of all transportation zones are obtained and used as the stations of rural bus lines, the basic road network data of the study area are obtained, and each road network node, section and centroid are numbered; the travel OD data of rural residents within half a year between transportation zones are obtained based on mobile phone signaling data, and the fields of the extracted mobile phone signaling data include: user number, signaling occurrence time, and zone number; the travel OD data of all rural residents within the planning scope for half a year are counted in different periods such as working days, non-working days and holidays, as well as different time periods such as morning peak, flat peak and evening peak in a day; the basic road network data include road data and road node data; the travel OD data include travel OD and travel centroid point data.

[0010] (2) Establishing a passenger flow intensity model for different periods and time sections

[0011] Calculate the road node numbers and corresponding distances within a certain range around the centroid of the traffic community, set corresponding weights for the road nodes, and allocate the corresponding weights of the road nodes according to the distance, surrounding population distribution and POI density. Allocate sub-passenger flows to the sections according to the weights of the road nodes around the rural residents' travel OD. Allocate the rural residents' travel OD to the road network according to the shortest path in different periods and time periods to obtain the expected travel path map. Then sort the travel volume on each section, and then obtain the main travel path section, and establish a rural passenger flow intensity model for different sections in different periods and time periods.

[0012] (3) Constructing a rural bus route planning model for different periods and time periods

[0013] According to the OD data of rural residents' travel in different periods such as working days, non-working days and holidays in the road network, as well as the morning peak, flat peak and evening peak in a day, the rural passenger flow intensity of different sections in different periods and time periods is determined, and different objective functions and constraints are established in different time periods to construct a universal rural bus route planning model in different periods and time periods, thus forming rural bus routes in different periods and time periods;

[0014] Taking the bus during the morning and evening rush hours is due to commuting needs. The objective function for the morning and evening rush hours is the shortest bus travel time and the largest bus passenger flow coverage rate, and the line non-linear coefficient is the constraint condition. During the off-peak period, fewer residents travel. During the off-peak period, the objective function for the off-peak hour is the largest bus passenger flow coverage rate and the lowest operating cost, and the line non-linear coefficient is the constraint condition.

[0015] (4) Determine the electronic signboard display information for bus stops at different time periods and time slots

[0016] Time-sharing and reused rural bus electronic signboards are installed at each station to display different bus routes and station information in different periods and time periods according to the travel characteristics of rural passengers.

[0017] The bus route information includes the direction of the bus route and the total number of bus routes passing the station. The station information includes the current station information and the total number of bus routes passing the station. When there are not many bus routes passing the station during off-peak hours, the electronic bus stop will display the information of all bus routes passing the station. When there are many bus routes passing the station during peak hours, the electronic bus stop can scroll to display the information of all bus routes passing the station.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention is based on the OD data of rural residents' travel, and establishes rural passenger flow intensity models for different sections in different periods and time periods, as well as a universal rural bus line planning model in different periods and time periods, to form rural bus lines in different periods and time periods. While meeting the travel needs of rural passengers, it reduces the number of rural electronic bus stops to be installed, and effectively reduces its investment cost to form rural bus lines in different periods and time periods.

[0020] 2. The present invention selects the shortest bus travel time and the largest bus passenger flow coverage rate as the objective function during the morning and evening peaks, and the line non-linear coefficient is a constraint condition; during the off-peak period, the present invention selects the largest bus passenger flow coverage rate and the lowest operating cost as the objective function, and the line non-linear coefficient is a constraint condition, so as to meet the needs of residents while reducing the operating cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the identification of passenger flow intensity on a road section according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bus route during the morning rush hour on weekdays according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bus routes on off-peak weekdays according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bus route during the evening rush hour on weekdays according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic station sign display information during the morning peak, off-peak and evening peak weekdays at the M station of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1 This is the overall flow chart of the patent method. Figures 2 to 6 , the present invention is further described in detail.

[0029] 1. Construct a rural public transportation network database based on mobile phone signaling data in different periods and time periods

[0030] First, import the rural road network file within the planning scope into ArcGIS, determine the approximate calculation scope based on the road network, take each rural area, hub station and town within the planning scope as a traffic zone, divide the study area into several traffic zones, and obtain the centroid points of all traffic zones through ArcGIS software, which are used as the stations of rural bus lines. Then obtain the basic road network data and travel data, and build a rural bus road network database, as shown in Table 1. Among them, the basic road network data includes road data and road node data, which can be obtained through Python language; travel data includes travel OD and travel centroid data. Travel OD data can be obtained based on mobile phone signaling data, and the signaling data corresponding to each mobile phone user within the planning scope within half a year is extracted to calibrate the travel trajectory of mobile phone users. The extracted mobile phone signaling data fields are shown in Table 2, mainly: user number (MSID), signaling occurrence time (TIMESTAMP), and cell number (CELLTD). Travel centroid data can be produced through ArcGIS software. Then all the data are cleaned and processed, and the OD data of all rural residents' travel within the planning scope for half a year are counted in different periods such as working days, non-working days and holidays, as well as different time periods such as morning peak, off-peak and evening peak. The average of each period and time can be obtained to obtain the average OD data of rural residents' travel by time period.

[0031] Table 1

[0032]

[0033] Table 2

[0034]

[0035] 2. Establish a passenger flow intensity model for different periods and time sections

[0036] According to ArcGIS software, the centroid file within the planning scope is read. The centroid point of the traffic community travel must be connected with the road network. First, a virtual link is generated from the centroid to the road network, and the travel volume is distributed to the road node according to the weight. The weight is distributed according to the distance, surrounding population distribution and POI point density. Then the road network file is read and the graph structure is constructed. Finally, the OD data of rural residents' travel in different periods such as average working days, non-working days and holidays, as well as different periods of the day such as morning peak, flat peak and evening peak, are read one by one. Sub-passenger flow is allocated according to the weight of the OD surrounding nodes. The matching algorithm needs to explore the shortest path search method for passenger flow, and the OD of rural residents' travel is distributed to the road network according to the shortest distance to obtain the expected travel path map. The travel volume on each section is sorted by period and time period, and then the main travel path section is obtained. Finally, a rural passenger flow intensity model for different sections in different periods and time periods is established, which is the basis for establishing rural bus line planning in different periods and time periods.

[0037] For example Figure 2 As shown in the figure, A and B are the centroids of the two traffic zones, M1, M2, M3 and M4 are the road nodes around traffic zone A, N1 and N2 are the road nodes around traffic zone B. Assuming that the OD of the passenger flow from traffic zone A to traffic zone B during the morning rush hour on weekdays is 100, the weights of nodes M1, M2, M3 and M4 are allocated by distance, surrounding population job distribution and POI density, all of which are 0.25; the weights of nodes N1 and N2 are 0.4 and 0.6 respectively, and the shortest path from traffic zone A to traffic zone B is the red line segment in the figure.

[0038] Then the sub-passenger flow from node M4 to node N1 is: Q = 100 × 0.25 × 0.4 = 10 (passenger times)

[0039] Therefore, the sub-passenger flow on all sections from node M4 to node N1 is 10. The rural residents' travel OD data of different periods such as average working days, non-working days and holidays in the study area, as well as different periods of the day such as morning peak, flat peak and evening peak, are read in turn. Sub-passenger flow is allocated according to the weight of road nodes around the travel OD by the shortest path method, and the passenger flow is superimposed on the road network attributes. The travel volume on each section is sorted by period and time period, and then the main travel path section is obtained. Finally, the rural passenger flow intensity model of different sections in different periods and time periods is established, which is the basis for the construction of rural bus route planning in different periods and time periods.

[0040] 3. Construct a rural bus route planning model for different periods and time periods

[0041] According to the OD data of rural residents' travel in different periods such as working days, non-working days and holidays in the road network, as well as different periods of the day such as morning peak, off-peak and evening peak, the rural passenger flow intensity of different sections in different periods and time periods is determined. Then, the objective function and constraint conditions are established by time periods to reasonably plan the bus routes in different periods and time periods. Since most residents take the morning and evening peak buses for commuting needs, the shortest bus travel time and the largest bus passenger flow coverage rate are selected as the objective function during the morning and evening peaks, and the line non-linear coefficient is the constraint condition; since there are fewer residents traveling during the off-peak period, the large bus passenger flow coverage rate and the lowest operating cost are selected as the objective function during the off-peak period, and the line non-linear coefficient is the constraint condition. By constructing a universal rural bus route planning model for different periods and time periods, the purpose of matching the travel characteristics of rural residents can be achieved.

[0042] (1) Optimization objectives and constraints of rural bus routes during morning and evening peak hours

[0043] Optimization goal 1: Shortest travel time for passengers

[0044]

[0045] Where T is the total travel time of public transportation (h); ij is the total number of bus passengers from station i to station j (person-times); t ij is the total time taken for public transportation from station i to station j (h), and n is the number of traffic zones.

[0046] Optimization goal 2: Large bus passenger flow coverage

[0047]

[0048] Where P is the coverage rate of the bus network on the passenger flow section; L b is the total length of the passenger flow sections covered in the bus network (km); L r Total length of passenger flow section (km).

[0049] Constraints:

[0050]

[0051] In the formula, λ I represents the nonlinear coefficient of line I, l I Indicates the actual road distance of route I, d I represents the straight-line distance between the first and last stations of line I, λ max Indicates the maximum non-linear coefficient allowed for line I.

[0052] (2) Optimization objectives and constraints of peak-peak rural bus routes

[0053] Optimization goal 1: Large bus passenger flow coverage

[0054]

[0055] Where P is the coverage rate of the bus network on the passenger flow section; L b is the total length of the passenger flow sections covered in the bus network (km); L r Total length of passenger flow section (km).

[0056] Optimization goal 2: Minimum operating cost:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, i and j represent the names of bus stops, n is the number of transportation communities; N ij is the number of vehicles on the route; L ij is the corresponding line length (km); C is the vehicle operating cost per kilometer (yuan).

[0059] Constraints:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, λ I represents the nonlinear coefficient of line I, l I Indicates the actual road distance of route I, d I represents the straight-line distance between the first and last stations of line I, λ max Indicates the maximum non-linear coefficient allowed for line I.

[0062] The following takes the rural bus route planning during the morning rush hour on weekdays as an example. The rural bus route planning for other different time periods can be obtained similarly.

[0063] like Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of bus routes during the morning rush hour on weekdays. After obtaining the rural passenger flow intensity of different sections on average weekdays during the morning rush hour, three routes were established according to the optimization objective equation and constraints of rural bus routes during the morning rush hour. The thick solid line represents bus route 1, the first stop of bus route 1 is the B3 village station, and the last stop is the A1 village station; the thin dotted line represents bus route 2, the first stop of bus route 2 is the A3 village station, and the last stop is the B2 village station; the thick dotted line represents bus route 3, the first stop of bus route 3 is the A2 village station, and the last stop is the B2 village station. Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the bus routes on off-peak weekdays. After obtaining the passenger flow intensity of each section on off-peak average weekdays, two bus routes were established according to the optimization objective equation and constraints of off-peak rural bus routes. The thick solid line represents bus route 4, the first stop of bus route 4 is the B town center station, and the last stop is the A1 village station; the thick dotted line represents bus route 5, the first stop of bus route 5 is the B3 village station, and the last stop is the A3 village station. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bus routes on weekdays during the evening peak. After obtaining the average passenger flow intensity of each section on weekdays during the evening peak, three routes were established according to the rural bus route optimization objective equation and constraint conditions. The thin dotted line represents bus route 6, the first stop of bus route 6 is B2 village station, and the last stop is A3 village station; the thick dotted line represents bus route 7, the first stop of bus route 7 is A2 village station, and the last stop is B3 village station; the thick solid line represents bus route 8, the first stop of bus route 8 is A1 village station, and the last stop is B2 village station.

[0064] 4. Determine the electronic signboard display information for bus stops in different periods and time periods

[0065] After planning all bus routes in different periods and time periods according to the objective function and constraints of the time period, install time-division reused rural bus electronic bus stop signs at each station, and display different bus routes and station information in different periods and time periods according to the characteristics of rural passenger flow. The bus route information includes the direction of the bus route and how many routes pass through the station, and the station information includes the current station information and which stations the bus route passes through. When there are not many bus routes passing through the station during the off-peak period, the electronic bus stop sign will display the information of all bus routes passing through the station. When there are many bus routes passing through the station during the peak period, the electronic bus stop sign can scroll to display the information of all bus routes passing through the station.

[0066] like Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a rural bus electronic stop sign. The rural bus electronic stop sign consists of three parts: a solar panel, an LCD screen, and a supporting rod. The LCD screen can dynamically display the time, bus route, all station information, and the next station information. After planning the bus route in different periods and time periods, each station electronic stop sign will display different bus routes and station information in different periods and time periods according to the characteristics of rural passenger flow. Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5The electronic signboard at the B3 village station is used as an example to illustrate the bus route information in three time periods. The information displayed on the electronic signboards at other time periods can be obtained in the same way. During the morning rush hour from 7:00am to 9:00am, bus routes 1, 2 and 3 pass through the B3 village station. Therefore, the electronic signboard at the B3 village station displays the operation status of the three bus routes during the morning rush hour. Bus route 1 passes through B3 village, B town center, B1 village, A4 village and A1 village. This station is the first stop of bus route 1, and the next stop is B town center; bus route 2 passes through A3 village, A town center, A4 village, hub station, B4 village, B3 village and B2 village. This station is the 6th stop of bus route 2, and the next stop is B2 village; bus route 3 passes through A2 village, A5 village, B4 village, B3 village and B2 village. This station is the 4th stop of bus route 3, and the next stop is B2 village. Since the rural bus electronic station LCD screen in the example displays information of two bus routes at a time, the information of three bus routes at the B3 village station can be played in turn during the morning peak. During the off-peak period from 9:00am to 11:00am, only bus route 5 passes through the B3 village station. Therefore, the electronic station sign at the B3 village station only displays the operation status of one bus route during the off-peak period. Bus route 5 passes through B3 village, B town center, B1 village, A4 village, A town center and A3 village. This station is the first stop of bus route 5, and the next stop is B town center. During the evening rush hour from 17:00pm to 19:00pm, bus routes 6 and 7 pass through the B3 Village station. Therefore, the electronic bus stop sign at the B3 Village station displays the operation status of the two bus routes during the evening rush hour. Bus route 6 passes through B2 Village, B3 Village, B4 Village, A5 Village and A3 Village. This station is the second stop of bus route 6, and the next stop is B4 Village; bus route 7 passes through A2 Village, A Town Center, A4 Village, B1 Village, B Town Center and B3 Village. This station is the terminal stop of bus route 7.

[0067] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planning the route and station information of rural public transportation electronic bus stops in different periods and time periods, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Constructing a rural public transportation network database based on mobile phone signaling data in different periods and time periods Taking each rural area, hub station and town within the planning scope as a transportation zone, the study area is divided into several transportation zones, and the centroid points of all transportation zones are obtained. They are used as the stations of rural bus lines, and the basic road network data of the study area are obtained. Each road network node, road section and centroid are numbered; based on mobile phone signaling data, the OD data of rural residents' travel within half a year between transportation zones are obtained, and the OD data of all rural residents' travel within the planning scope within half a year are counted in different periods of working days, non-working days and holidays, and different periods of the morning peak, flat peak and evening peak in a day; (2) Establishing a passenger flow intensity model for different periods and time sections Calculate the road node numbers and corresponding distances within a certain range around the centroid of the traffic community, set corresponding weights for the road nodes, allocate sub-passenger flows to the sections according to the weights of the road nodes around the rural residents' travel OD, and allocate the rural residents' travel OD to the road network according to the shortest path in different periods and time periods to obtain the expected travel path map, then sort the travel volume on each section, and then obtain the main travel path sections, and establish the rural passenger flow intensity model for different sections in different periods and time periods; (3) Constructing a rural bus route planning model for different periods and time periods According to the OD data of rural residents' travel in different periods of working days, non-working days and holidays in the road network, as well as the morning peak, off-peak and evening peak periods of the day, the rural passenger flow intensity of different sections in different periods and time periods is determined, and different objective functions and constraints are established in different time periods to construct a universal rural bus route planning model in different periods and time periods, thus forming rural bus routes in different periods and time periods; Taking the morning and evening peak buses is due to commuting needs. The shortest bus travel time and the largest bus passenger flow coverage rate are selected as the objective function during the morning and evening peaks, and the line non-linear coefficient is the constraint condition. During off-peak hours, residents travel less frequently, so the objective function is to select a large bus passenger flow coverage rate and the lowest operating cost, and the line non-linear coefficient is a constraint condition; (4) Determine the electronic signboard display information for bus stops at different time periods and time slots Time-sharing and reused rural bus electronic signboards are installed at each station to display different bus routes and station information in different periods and time periods according to the travel characteristics of rural passengers.

2. According to the method for planning the route and station information of rural public transportation electronic bus stop in different periods and time periods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: Basic road network data includes road data and road node data; travel OD data includes travel OD and travel centroid data.

3. According to the method for planning the route and station information of rural public transportation electronic bus stop in different periods and time periods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The fields of the extracted mobile phone signaling data include: user number, signaling occurrence time, and cell number.

4. According to the method for planning the route and station information of rural public transportation electronic bus stop in different periods and time periods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The corresponding weights of road nodes are allocated based on distance, surrounding population distribution and POI density.

5. According to the method for planning the route and station information of rural public transportation electronic bus stop in different periods and time periods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The bus route information includes the direction of the bus route and how many routes pass through the station. The station information includes the current station information and which stations the bus route passes through.

6. According to the method for planning the route and station information of rural public transportation electronic bus stop in different periods and time periods according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: When there are not many bus routes passing through the station during off-peak hours, the electronic bus stop sign will display information about all bus routes passing through the station. When there are many bus routes passing through the station during peak hours, the electronic bus stop sign will scroll and display information about all bus routes passing through the station.

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