Solar cell module and method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of solar cell manufacturing. Specifically, a solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The solar cell assembly comprises a solar cell piece, the solar cell piece comprising a surface conductive layer and a current collection structure on the surface of the surface conductive layer; a polarizing structure arranged on the surface of the current collection structure and corresponding to the position of the current collection structure; the polarizing structure is adapted to deflect the incident light directly incident on the current collection structure and make the incident light enter the area between adjacent current collection structures; and an encapsulation film layer covering the surface of the surface conductive layer and encapsulating the current collection structure and the polarizing structure. The solar cell and the manufacturing method thereof can effectively solve the problem of unsatisfactory solar cell efficiency caused by the grid lines blocking the incident light.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar cell manufacturing technology, and more specifically to a solar cell module and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] In existing solar cells, current collection and extraction are often achieved by incorporating current harvesting structures (such as grid electrodes) on the cell surface. During module assembly, adjacent cells are connected in series via these current harvesting structures (such as interconnecting bars) to form a cell string, and multiple cell strings are then arranged in parallel to form the module. While existing current harvesting structures typically have thin lines, with a large number of lines, they inevitably result in significant shading area, reducing the effective light-receiving area and causing the actual maximum power conversion efficiency of the cell to be far lower than its conversion capability. Current solutions generally involve improving the aspect ratio of the electrodes; however, this method has limited effectiveness in reducing light shading. Another approach currently used is to transfer the front electrode to the back (e.g., HBC), but this method is technically challenging to fabricate, leading to increased manufacturing costs.

[0003] With a fixed cell area, reducing light energy loss caused by the shading area of ​​electrodes or interconnects and improving the light utilization of the cells are pressing technical problems that need to be solved. Especially for cells that can generate electricity from both sides, such as heterojunction cells (HJTs), if the incident light at the current collection structure can be utilized, it will greatly improve the power of the battery module. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a solar cell module and a method for manufacturing the same, in order to solve the problem that the current collection structure in a solar cell module blocks incident light, resulting in unsatisfactory utilization of incident light.

[0005] This invention provides a solar cell module, including a solar cell; the solar cell includes a surface conductive layer and a current collection structure located on the surface of the surface conductive layer; it further includes: a polarizing structure disposed on the surface of the current collection structure, corresponding one-to-one with the position of the current collection structure; the polarizing structure is adapted to deflect incident light directly facing the incident current collection structure, so that it enters the position between adjacent current collection structures; and an encapsulation film layer covering the surface of the surface conductive layer and encapsulating the current collection structure and the polarizing structure.

[0006] Optionally, the polarizing structure includes a polarizing surface on the side facing away from the surface conductive layer. The polarizing surface is either recessed toward the surface conductive layer or protruding away from the surface conductive layer, which is suitable for deflecting incident light facing the incident current collection structure.

[0007] Optionally, the polarizing structure includes a polarizing part and a supporting part, the polarizing part being away from the current collecting structure and having the polarizing surface; the supporting part being located on the surface of the current collecting structure and connecting the polarizing part and the current collecting structure; in a cross-section along the thickness direction of the solar cell module, the polarizing part is a concave or convex triangle or arc shape.

[0008] Optionally, the triangle is an isosceles triangle; the vertex angle of the triangle is the same as the angle of the crystal orientation angles (111) and (100) planes of the substrate material of the solar cell; the vertex angle ranges from 60° to 80°; the base angle ranges from 50° to 60°.

[0009] Optionally, the current harvesting structure includes grid lines and interconnect strips, with the grid lines including at least a main grid; the polarizing structure is located at least at the corresponding positions of the interconnect strips and the main grid; the projection of the polarizing structure onto the surface of the solar cell at least completely covers the pattern of the current harvesting structure at the corresponding position; in a cross-section along the thickness direction of the solar cell module, the width of the main grid is 50 μm to 80 μm; the thickness of the main grid is 10 μm to 15 μm; the width of the polarizing structure corresponding to the main grid position is 60 μm to 90 μm; the periodic spacing of the polarizing structure corresponding to the main grid position is 20 mm to 40 mm; and the diameter of the interconnect strip is 260 μm. The polarization structure at the interconnecting strip position has a width of 270μm to 310μm and a periodic spacing of 20mm to 40mm. The current collection structure also includes a sub-gate perpendicular to the main gate. The width of the sub-gate is 25μm to 35μm and the thickness of the sub-gate is 12μm to 20μm. The width of the polarization structure at the sub-gate position is 30μm to 40μm and the periodic spacing of the polarization structure at the sub-gate position is 1.2mm to 1.8mm. The height of the polarization section is 6μm to 10μm and the height of the support section is 20μm to 30μm.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, comprising the following steps: providing a solar cell; the solar cell comprising a surface conductive layer and a current collection structure located on the surface of the surface conductive layer; forming a polarizing structure; forming a polarizing structure on the surface of the current collection structure; the position of the polarizing structure corresponds one-to-one with the position of the current collection structure; the polarizing structure is adapted to deflect incident light directly facing the incident current collection structure and into the region between adjacent current collection structures; forming an encapsulation film layer; forming an encapsulation film layer on the surface of the surface conductive layer, covering the surface of the surface conductive layer, and encapsulating the current collection structure and the polarizing structure.

[0011] Optionally, the steps for forming the polarizing structure include: forming an initial film layer: coating a film layer material on the surface of the conductive layer to form an uncured initial film layer; providing an imprint template: the imprint template has a pattern structure corresponding to the preset polarizing surface; imprinting the pattern: pressing the imprint template onto the side of the initial film layer facing away from the solar cell, so that the side of the initial film layer facing away from the solar cell forms a polarizing surface corresponding to the position of the grid electrode or the interconnect strip; ultraviolet curing: irradiating the initial film layer with the formed polarizing surface with ultraviolet light to cure the initial film layer; peeling off the imprint template: peeling the imprint template from the surface of the cured initial film layer; then removing the portion above the conductive layer, retaining the portion above the current collecting structure.

[0012] Optionally, the steps for forming the imprint template include: providing an initial template; etching the initial template to form a graphic structure on the upper surface of the initial template that is identical to a preset polarizing surface; coating an imprinting adhesive material: coating the upper surface of the initial template with an imprinting adhesive material, such that the imprinting adhesive material forms a graphic structure corresponding to the preset polarizing surface; and peeling the imprinting adhesive material from the initial template with the etched graphic structure to obtain the imprint template.

[0013] Optionally, the step of etching the template substrate includes: forming a first mask initial layer: depositing and forming a first mask initial layer on the surface of the template substrate; forming a second mask: forming a second mask on the surface of the first mask initial layer using photoresist; forming a first mask, and using the second mask to pattern the first mask initial layer by photolithography to form a first mask with patterned grooves corresponding to a preset polarizing surface position; etching the template substrate: using the first mask to etch the template substrate so that the template substrate forms a patterned structure identical to the preset polarizing surface, forming an initial template; coating an imprinting material, coating an imprinting material on the upper surface of the initial template so that the imprinting material forms a patterned structure corresponding to the preset polarizing surface; and peeling the imprinting material off the initial template to obtain an imprinting template.

[0014] Optionally, after the step of coating the imprinting material, the following steps are also included: first heating and curing; heating the imprinting material that has formed a graphic structure; ultraviolet curing; irradiating the imprinting material that has been first heated and cured with ultraviolet light; second heating and curing; heating the imprinting material that has been irradiated with ultraviolet light to form an imprinting template having a graphic structure corresponding to the preset polarizing surface.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] The solar cell module provided by this invention includes a polarizing structure in its encapsulation film layer. The position of the polarizing structure corresponds one-to-one with the position of the grid electrodes or interconnects. The polarizing structure is adapted to deflect incident light directly facing the current collection structure, directing it into the region between adjacent current collection structures. By setting the polarizing structure to deflect incident light directly facing the current collection structure and directing it into the region between adjacent current collection structures, this avoids the light being blocked by the current collection structures, thereby improving the overall incident light utilization rate of the solar cell module, eliminating the light shading area of ​​the electrodes or interconnects, effectively eliminating the influence of shadows, increasing the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of the solar cell module, and improving the output power of the solar cell module. In some embodiments, when the coverage of the current collection structure on the cell surface is 25%, the short-circuit current density is 39.28 A / cm². 2 It increased to approximately 40.78 A / cm 2 The short-circuit current increased by approximately 0.3A. Shading losses decreased by approximately 1.8%.

[0017] The solar cell module manufacturing method provided by this invention can manufacture the solar cell module provided by this invention. By setting the polarizing structure, the incident light directly facing the incident current collection structure is deflected and enters the area between adjacent current collection structures. This avoids the light being blocked by the current collection structures, thereby improving the overall incident light utilization rate of the solar cell module, eliminating the light blocking area of ​​the current collection structures, effectively eliminating the influence of shadows, increasing the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of the solar cell module, and improving the output power of the solar cell module. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figures 1A-1D These are partial structural schematic diagrams of different embodiments of the solar cell module of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module of Embodiment 1 of the present invention along the thickness direction;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the solar cell module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4This is a flowchart of the solar cell module manufacturing method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a step-by-step flowchart of the method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention for forming an encapsulation film layer;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a step-by-step flowchart of the method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention to form a polarizing structure;

[0025] Figure 7 A step-by-step flowchart of the imprinting template in the solar cell module manufacturing method of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figures 8A-8D This is a schematic diagram of the state of each sub-step in the process of forming a polarization structure in the solar cell module manufacturing method of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9A-9G This is a schematic diagram of the state of each step in the step of providing an imprint template in the solar cell module manufacturing method of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 100 - Surface conductive layer; 110 - Current collection structure; 200 - Encapsulation film layer; 210 - Initial film layer; 211 - Polarizing structure; 212 - Polarizing surface; 213 - Polarizing part; 214 - Support part; 300 - Imprint template; 400 - Template substrate; 500 - First mask initial layer; 510 - First mask; 600 - Second mask initial layer; 610 - Second mask; a - Gate electrode width or interconnect width; b - Gate electrode thickness or interconnect thickness; A - Polarizing structure width; B - Polarizing part height; C - Periodic spacing between polarizing structures; D - Support part height. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To address the problem of unsatisfactory incident light utilization caused by the current collection structure blocking incident light in solar cell modules, this invention provides a solar cell module and its manufacturing method.

[0031] This invention provides a solar cell module, including a solar cell; the solar cell includes a surface conductive layer and a current collection structure located on the surface of the surface conductive layer; it also includes: a polarizing structure disposed on the surface of the current collection structure, corresponding one-to-one with the area of ​​the current collection structure; the polarizing structure is adapted to deflect incident light directly facing the current collection structure and direct it into the position between adjacent current collection structures; and an encapsulation film layer covering the surface of the surface conductive layer and encapsulating the current collection structure and the polarizing structure.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, used to manufacture the solar cell provided by the present invention. The method includes the following steps: providing a solar cell; the solar cell includes a surface conductive layer and a current collection structure located on the surface of the surface conductive layer; forming a polarizing structure; forming a polarizing structure on the surface of the current collection structure, the positions of the polarizing structures corresponding one-to-one with the positions of the current collection structures; the polarizing structure is adapted to deflect incident light directly facing the incident current collection structure, directing it into the region between adjacent current collection structures; forming an encapsulation film layer; forming an encapsulation film layer on the surface of the surface conductive layer, covering the surface of the surface conductive layer, and encapsulating the current collection structure and the polarizing structure.

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] refer to Figures 1A-1D This embodiment provides a solar cell module, including a solar cell. The solar cell includes a surface conductive layer 100 and a current collection structure 110 located on the surface of the surface conductive layer 100. The current collection structure 110 includes grid electrodes and interconnecting strips (not shown in the figure). The grid electrodes are used to collect the charge of the surface conductive layer 100 to form a current. The interconnecting strips are used to connect the grids of adjacent solar cells to form a series solar cell string. The interconnecting strips can be, for example, solder ribbons. The module also includes a polarizing structure 211 and an encapsulation film layer 200. The polarizing structure 211 is disposed on the surface of the current collection structure 110, and the position of the polarizing structure 211 corresponds one-to-one with the position of the current collection structure 110. The polarizing structure 211 is adapted to deflect incident light directly facing the current collection structure 110, directing it into positions between adjacent current collection structures 110. The encapsulation film layer 200 covers the surface of the surface conductive layer 100 and encapsulates the current collection structure 110 and the polarizing structure 211.

[0036] The encapsulation film 200 can be made of materials such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which is non-toxic and non-flammable. It possesses excellent chemical stability, thermal stability, and high transparency, as well as hydrophobic and high-gloss properties, preventing light loss when used in solar cell modules. The polarizing structure formed by this material is both transparent and possesses excellent transmission and reflection capabilities.

[0037] The solar cell module provided by this invention, with reference to Figure 3 By setting up a polarizing structure, the incident light directly facing the incident current collection structure 110 is deflected and enters the area between adjacent current collection structures 110. This avoids the light being blocked by the current collection structure 110, thereby improving the overall incident light utilization rate of the solar cell module, eliminating the light blocking area of ​​the current collection structure, effectively eliminating the influence of shadows, increasing the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of the solar cell module, and improving the output power of the solar cell module.

[0038] Furthermore, the polarizing structure 211 includes a polarizing surface 212 facing away from the surface conductive layer. The polarizing surface 212 is either recessed towards the surface conductive layer or protruding away from the surface conductive layer, which is suitable for deflecting incident light directly facing the incident current collecting structure 110. The position of the polarizing surface 212 corresponds one-to-one with the position of the current collecting structure 110; specifically, the center line of the polarizing surface 212 corresponds to the center line of the current collecting structure 110, which is suitable for ensuring the uniformity of light refraction through the polarizing structure 211.

[0039] Further reference Figures 1A-1D ,as well as Figure 2 The polarizing structure 211 includes a polarizing portion 213 and a supporting portion 214. The polarizing portion 213 is located away from the current collecting structure 110 and has a polarizing surface 212. The supporting portion 214 is located on the surface of the current collecting structure 110 and connects the polarizing portion 213 and the current collecting structure 110. In a cross-section along the thickness direction of the solar cell module, the polarizing portion 213 is a concave or convex triangle or arc shape.

[0040] Furthermore, the triangle is preferably an outwardly convex isosceles triangle; even further, the vertex angle of the triangle is the same as the crystal orientation angles (111) and (100) of the substrate material of the solar cell. This is beneficial for deflecting directly incident light.

[0041] Specifically, the vertex angle of a triangle ranges from 60° to 80°, for example, it can be 60°, 70°, or 80°; the base angle of a triangle ranges from 50° to 60°, for example, it can be 50°, 55°, or 60°.

[0042] Furthermore, the current harvesting structure 110 includes grid lines and interconnecting strips, with the grid lines including at least a main grid; the polarizing structure 211 is located at least at the corresponding positions of the interconnecting strips and the main grid, and may also be located at the corresponding positions of the main grid not covered by the interconnecting strips. The projection of the polarizing structure 211 onto the surface of the solar cell at least completely covers the pattern of the current harvesting structure at the corresponding positions.

[0043] For details, please refer to Figure 2 In the cross-sectional view along the thickness direction of the solar cell module,

[0044] When the current collection structure 110 is the main gate:

[0045] The width 'a' of the main gate is 50μm to 80μm, for example, it can be 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, or 80μm.

[0046] The thickness b of the main gate is 10μm to 15μm, for example, it can be 10μm, 11μm, 12μm, 13μm, 14μm, or 15μm.

[0047] The width A of the polarizing structure 211 corresponding to the main grid position is 60μm to 90μm, for example, it can be 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, or 90μm.

[0048] The periodic spacing C of the polarizing structure 211 corresponding to the main grid position is 20mm to 40mm, for example, it can be 20μm, 30μm, or 40μm. The periodic spacing is the distance between one end point of a polarizing structure 211 and the end point of the same side of an adjacent polarizing structure 211.

[0049] When the current collection structure 110 is an interconnecting bar:

[0050] The diameter of the interconnecting strip is 260μm to 300μm, for example, it can be 260μm, 270μm, 280μm, 290μm, or 300μm.

[0051] The width A of the polarizing structure 211 corresponding to the interconnecting strip position is 270μm to 310μm, for example, it can be 270μm, 280μm, 290μm, 300μm, or 310μm.

[0052] The periodic spacing C of the polarizing structure 211 corresponding to the interconnecting strip position is 20mm to 40mm, for example, it can be 20mm, 30mm, or 40mm.

[0053] The current harvesting structure 110 also includes a secondary gate perpendicular to the primary gate. When the current harvesting structure 110 is a secondary gate:

[0054] The width 'a' of the subgate is 25μm to 35μm, for example, it can be 25μm, 28μm, 30μm, 32μm, or 35μm.

[0055] The thickness b of the sub-gate is 12μm to 20μm, for example, it can be 12μm, 14μm, 16μm, 18μm, or 20μm.

[0056] The width of the polarizing structure 211 corresponding to the sub-gate position is 30μm to 40μm, for example, it can be 30μm, 32μm, 35μm, 38μm, or 40μm.

[0057] The periodic spacing of the polarizing structure 211 corresponding to the sub-gate position is 1.2mm to 1.8mm, for example, it can be 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm, or 1.8mm.

[0058] The height B of the polarizing part is 6μm to 10μm, for example, it can be 6μm, 8μm, or 10μm;

[0059] The height D of the support portion 214 is 20 μm to 30 μm. The above-mentioned height D is selected so that the light refracted at the bottom of the polarizing structure 211 can miss the current collecting structure 110, and the light refracted at the top of the polarizing structure 211 will not hit the adjacent current collecting structure 110.

[0060] Furthermore, the material for the polarizing structure 211 can be, for example, PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane). It is non-toxic and non-flammable, and not only has good chemical stability, thermal stability and high transparency, but also hydrophobic and high gloss properties, which can prevent light loss when applied to solar cell modules.

[0061] Specifically, based on the combination of the above data, for the solar cell, this corresponds to a 25% shading effect. The distance between the vertex of the polarizing structure and the current collection structure 110 needs to be large enough to allow all light to refract from the current collection structure 110 (Dmin = a² tan(σ)), where σ is the angle at which light from the outside of the polarizing structure enters the encapsulation film layer 200 after extinction refraction; simultaneously, this distance should not be too large to avoid light refracting onto adjacent current collection structures 110 (Dmax = CA tan(σ)).

[0062] Test results show that the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of the solar cell module using the polarization structure of this embodiment is increased. With the current collection structure 110 covering 25% of the cell surface, the short-circuit current density increases from 39.28 A / cm². 2 It increased to 40.78 A / cm 2 The short-circuit current increased by approximately 0.3A. Shading losses decreased by approximately 1.8%.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] refer to Figure 4 This embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, used to manufacture the solar cell module of Embodiment 1 above. The manufacturing method includes the following steps:

[0065] Step S1: Provide a solar cell; the solar cell includes a surface conductive layer and a current collection structure located on the surface of the surface conductive layer.

[0066] Step S2: Form a polarizing structure; form a polarizing structure on the surface of the current collecting structure; the position of the polarizing structure corresponds one-to-one with the position of the current collecting structure; the polarizing structure is adapted to deflect the incident light facing the incident current collecting structure and into the region between adjacent current collecting structures.

[0067] Step S3: Form an encapsulation film layer; form an encapsulation film layer on the surface of the surface conductive layer, cover the surface of the surface conductive layer, and encapsulate the current collection structure and the polarization structure.

[0068] The solar cell module manufacturing method provided in this embodiment can manufacture the solar cell module provided in Embodiment 1 above. By setting the polarizing structure, the incident light directly facing the incident current collection structure is deflected and enters the area between adjacent current collection structures. This avoids the light being blocked by the current collection structures, thereby improving the overall incident light utilization rate of the solar cell module, eliminating the light blocking area of ​​the current collection structures, effectively eliminating the influence of shadows, increasing the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of the solar cell module, and improving the output power of the solar cell module.

[0069] Further reference Figure 5 In this embodiment, step S2 of forming the polarizing structure includes:

[0070] Step S21: Reference Figure 8A Forming the initial film layer: A film layer material is coated on the surface of the conductive layer to form an uncured initial film layer 210. The film layer material can be, for example, PDMS.

[0071] Step S22: Reference Figure 8A and Figure 8B Imprinting the initial film layer: forming a polarizing surface on the side of the initial film layer facing away from the surface conductive layer. The polarizing surface is either recessed towards the surface conductive layer or protruding away from the surface conductive layer, which is suitable for deflecting incident light facing the incident current collection structure.

[0072] Further reference Figure 6 In this embodiment, step S22 of forming the polarizing structure includes:

[0073] Step S221: Reference Figure 8A Provide an embossing template: the embossing template has a graphic structure corresponding to the preset polarizing surface;

[0074] Step S222: Continue to refer to Figure 8A Imprint pattern: The imprint template is pressed onto the side of the initial film layer facing away from the surface conductive layer, so that the side of the initial film layer facing away from the surface conductive layer forms a polarizing surface corresponding to the position of the current collection structure.

[0075] Step S223: Reference Figure 8B UV curing: UV irradiation cures the initial film layer that has formed on the polarized surface.

[0076] Further reference Figure 7 In some embodiments, step S221 of forming the imprint template includes:

[0077] Step S2211: Provide a template substrate; etch the template substrate to form a pattern structure on the upper surface of the template substrate that is the same as the preset polarizing surface, forming an initial template; KOH can be selected as the etching solution for etching the template.

[0078] Step S2212: Apply an embossing material. An embossing material is applied to the upper surface of the initial template, so that the embossing material forms a pattern structure corresponding to a preset polarizing surface. The embossing material can be, for example, PDMS.

[0079] Step S2213: Peel the embossing material from the initial template to obtain the embossing template.

[0080] refer to Figures 9A-9G In another specific embodiment, step S221 of providing the imprint template includes: referring to Figure 9A Provide template substrate 400.

[0081] refer to Figure 9B Forming the first initial mask layer 500: The first initial mask layer 500 is deposited on the surface of the template substrate 400;

[0082] refer to Figure 9C Forming a second mask 610: A second mask 610 is formed on the surface of the initial layer 500 of the first mask using photoresist;

[0083] refer to Figure 9D Forming a first mask 510: Using a second mask 610, patterning photolithography is used to form a first mask 510 with patterned grooves corresponding to the preset polarizing surface position;

[0084] refer to Figure 9E Patterned template substrate 400: The template substrate 400 is etched using the first mask 510 to form a patterned structure with the same pattern as the preset polarizing surface, thus forming an initial template;

[0085] refer to Figure 9F An embossing adhesive is applied over the initial template to form an embossing template 300 with a graphic structure corresponding to a preset polarizing surface on the surface of the initial template.

[0086] refer to Figure 9G The imprinting template 300 is peeled off from the initial template to obtain the imprinting template.

[0087] In addition, in some embodiments, after the step of applying the imprinting adhesive, the following step is also included:

[0088] First heating and curing; heating the imprinted adhesive material that has formed the graphic structure;

[0089] UV curing; imprinting adhesive that has undergone its first heat curing under ultraviolet light;

[0090] A second heating and curing process is performed; the imprinting material that has been exposed to ultraviolet light is heated to form an imprinting template with a graphic structure corresponding to the preset polarizing surface.

[0091] Subsequently, step S2, which forms the polarization structure, further includes:

[0092] Step S23: Reference Figure 8C and Figure 8D Patterning the initial film layer: The imprint template is peeled off from the surface of the cured initial film layer, and then the portion above the surface conductive layer is removed, leaving the portion above the current collection structure intact. For example, a mask is formed on the surface of the cured initial film layer with a polarizing surface, and the cured initial film layer above the surface conductive layer is removed by etching using the mask, and then the mask at the polarizing surface position is removed.

[0093] Finally, the aforementioned step S3 is performed: forming an encapsulation film layer; an encapsulation film layer is formed on the surface of the surface conductive layer, covering the surface of the surface conductive layer, and encapsulating the current collection structure and the polarization structure.

[0094] As described above, the solar cell module manufacturing method provided in this embodiment can manufacture the solar cell module provided in Embodiment 1 above. By setting the polarizing structure, the incident light directly facing the incident current collection structure is deflected and enters the area between adjacent current collection structures. This avoids the light being blocked by the current collection structures, thereby improving the overall incident light utilization rate of the solar cell module, eliminating the light blocking area of ​​the current collection structures, effectively eliminating the influence of shadows, increasing the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of the solar cell module, and improving the output power of the solar cell module.

[0095] The solar cell module manufactured using the method of this embodiment exhibits an increased short-circuit current density (Jsc). With the current collection structure 110 covering 25% of the cell surface, the short-circuit current density increases from 39.28 A / cm². 2 It increased to 40.78 A / cm 2 The short-circuit current increased by approximately 0.3A. Shading losses decreased by approximately 1.8%.

[0096] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "this embodiment," "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0097] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a solar cell module, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A solar cell is provided; the solar cell includes a surface conductive layer and a current collection structure located on the surface of the surface conductive layer; Forming a polarizing structure; A polarizing structure is formed on the surface of the current collecting structure; the position of the polarizing structure corresponds one-to-one with the position of the current collecting structure; the polarizing structure is adapted to cause incident light directly incident on the current collecting structure to be refracted inside the polarizing structure and enter the region between adjacent current collecting structures; the polarizing structure includes a polarizing part and a supporting part, the polarizing part being away from the current collecting structure and having a polarizing surface; The support portion is located on the surface of the current collecting structure and connects the polarizing portion and the current collecting structure; The steps for forming the polarizing structure include: Forming an initial film layer: A film layer material is coated on the surface of the conductive layer to form an uncured initial film layer; An embossing template is provided: the embossing template has a graphic structure corresponding to the preset polarizing surface; Imprinting pattern: The imprinting template is pressed onto the side of the initial film layer facing away from the solar cell, so that the side of the initial film layer facing away from the solar cell forms a polarizing surface corresponding to the position of the current collection structure; UV curing: The initial film layer with a polarized surface formed is irradiated with ultraviolet light to cure the initial film layer; Peeling off the imprint template: Peel the imprint template from the surface of the cured initial film layer; then remove the portion above the surface conductive layer, retaining the portion above the current collecting structure; The polarizing structure is disposed only on the surface of the current collecting structure; An encapsulation film layer is formed on the surface of the conductive surface layer, covering the surface of the conductive surface layer and encapsulating the current collection structure and the polarizing structure.

2. The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for forming the imprint template include: Provide template substrate; The template substrate is etched to form a pattern structure on the upper surface of the template substrate that is the same as the preset polarizing surface, thus forming an initial template; Applying embossing material: Applying embossing material to the upper surface of the initial template, so that the embossing material forms a graphic structure corresponding to the preset polarizing surface; The embossing material is peeled off from the initial template to obtain the embossing template.

3. The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of etching the template substrate includes: Forming the first initial mask layer: A first initial mask layer is deposited and formed on the surface of the template substrate; Forming a second mask: A second mask is formed on the surface of the initial layer of the first mask using photoresist; Forming a first mask: Using a second mask, patterning photolithography is used to form the initial layer of the first mask, thus forming a first mask with patterned grooves corresponding to the preset position of the polarizing surface; Etching the template substrate: The template substrate is etched using the first mask to form a pattern structure identical to the preset polarizing surface, thus forming the initial template; An embossing material is applied to the upper surface of the initial template, so that the embossing material forms a graphic structure corresponding to a preset polarizing surface. The embossing material is peeled off from the initial template to obtain the embossing template.

4. The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 2, characterized in that, After the step of applying the embossing adhesive, the following steps are also included: First heating and curing; heating the imprinted adhesive material that has formed the graphic structure; UV curing; the imprinting adhesive material that has been first cured by heat under ultraviolet light; A second heating and curing process is performed; the imprinting adhesive material that has been irradiated with ultraviolet light is heated to form an imprinting template with a graphic structure corresponding to the preset polarizing surface.

5. A solar cell module, said solar cell module being manufactured by the solar cell module manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising solar cell sheets; said solar cell sheets comprising a surface conductive layer and a current collection structure located on the surface of said surface conductive layer; characterized in that, Also includes: A polarizing structure is disposed on the surface of the current collecting structure, corresponding one-to-one with the position of the current collecting structure; the polarizing structure is adapted to deflect incident light directly onto the current collecting structure, directing it into the region between adjacent current collecting structures; the polarizing structure includes a polarizing part and a supporting part, the polarizing part being away from the current collecting structure and having a polarizing surface; the supporting part is located on the surface of the current collecting structure, connecting the polarizing part and the current collecting structure; The polarizing structure is disposed only on the surface of the current collecting structure; An encapsulation film layer is applied to the surface of the conductive layer and encapsulates the current harvesting structure and the polarizing structure.

6. The solar cell module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The polarizing structure includes a polarizing surface facing away from the solar cell. The polarizing surface is a surface that is recessed toward the solar cell or protrudes away from the conductive layer on the surface, which is suitable for deflecting incident light directly onto the current collecting structure.

7. The solar cell module according to claim 6, characterized in that, In a cross-section along the thickness direction of the solar cell module, the polarizing portion is in the shape of a concave or convex triangle or arc.

8. The solar cell module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The triangle is an isosceles triangle; The apex angle of the triangle is the same as the angle of the crystal orientation angles (111) and (100) of the substrate material of the battery cell; The vertex angle of the triangle ranges from 60° to 80°; the base angles of the triangle range from 50° to 60°.

9. The solar cell module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The current harvesting structure includes grid lines and interconnecting bars, and the grid lines include at least a main grid; The polarizing structure is located at least at the corresponding positions of the interconnecting strip and the main grid; The projection of the polarizing structure onto the surface of the solar cell at least completely covers the pattern of the current collection structure at the corresponding location; In the cross-section along the thickness direction of the solar cell module, The width of the main gate is 50μm~80μm; the thickness of the main gate is 10μm~15μm; The width of the polarizing structure corresponding to the main grid position is 60μm~90μm; The periodic spacing of the polarizing structure corresponding to the main grid position is 20mm~40mm; The diameter of the interconnecting strip is 260μm~300μm; The width of the polarizing structure corresponding to the position of the interconnecting strip is 270μm ~ 310μm; The periodic spacing of the polarizing structure corresponding to the position of the interconnecting strip is 20mm~40mm; The current harvesting structure also includes a secondary gate perpendicular to the main gate; The width of the sub-gate is 25μm~35μm; the thickness of the sub-gate is 12μm~20μm; The width of the polarizing structure corresponding to the sub-gate position is 30μm~40μm; The periodic spacing of the polarizing structure corresponding to the sub-gate position is 1.2mm~1.8mm; The height of the polarizing section is 6μm~10μm; The height of the support is 20μm~30μm.

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