An electro-assisted composting device for livestock and poultry manure without an external power source

Abstract

An electro-assisted composting device for livestock and poultry manure without an external power supply, which relates to the technical field of harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure. It solves the problems of poor aeration of the compost pile, low oxygen utilization rate, and high cost of external electric field-assisted composting. In the present invention, the lower part of the upper brush is arranged on the upper surface of the upper support plate, the lower surface of the upper support plate is arranged at the upper end of the iron rod, the insulating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the middle part of the iron rod, the lower end of the iron rod is connected to the upper surface of the lower support plate, and the lower surface of the lower support plate is connected to the upper end of the lower brush. The present invention utilizes the closed circuit formed by the upper and lower parts or the inside and outside of the livestock and poultry manure compost pile to enable the smooth transfer of electrons, and has the advantage of shortening the time for the livestock and poultry manure compost to mature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electro-assisted composting device for livestock and poultry manure without an external power source, belonging to the technical field of harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid economic growth and the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for livestock and poultry meat in China has increased significantly, resulting in a large amount of livestock and poultry breeding waste. It is estimated that 3.8 billion tons of livestock and poultry manure are produced annually in the country. Aerobic composting is the most commonly used method for harmless treatment of livestock and poultry breeding waste and is also a key measure to control the pollution of livestock and poultry breeding waste and achieve resource utilization. Composting is a complex physical, chemical and biological process. By reasonably regulating technical parameters such as moisture, oxygen supply, temperature, C / N, additives, etc., the fermentation time can be shortened and the ripening can be accelerated. Traditional composting generally has problems such as poor aeration and low oxygen utilization rate, resulting in too long composting cycle and low ripening degree. Generally speaking, the higher the temperature, the shorter the time to inactivate pathogens and the better the inactivation effect. Therefore, increasing the temperature of the compost pile and prolonging the duration of high temperature are one of the most important necessary ways to improve the ripening degree and reduce the pollution risk of compost products. At present, the commonly used methods to increase the temperature and ripening degree of composting are to add thermophilic bacteria agents, DC or AC power-assisted electric fields to the compost. The ultra-high temperature composting achieved by adding thermophilic bacteria can increase the maximum temperature to above 80 °C, thereby improving the maturity of the compost and shortening the treatment time. However, the cultivation of thermophilic bacteria is a long-term process. Thermophilic bacteria cultures are not easy to produce, it is difficult to obtain these bacteria, and the cost is relatively high, which limits their large-scale production and application. DC or AC electric field-assisted aerobic composting increases the oxygen utilization rate and the heat generated by microbial metabolism, raises the temperature of the compost pile from 60-65 °C to 70-75 °C, significantly increases the composting temperature, accelerates the composting ripening, and shortens the composting cycle. However, applying a DC or AC electric field to the compost pile requires an external power source input, and the electrode materials are mostly precious metals such as platinum, with high prices, making the composting cost relatively high and limiting large-scale application. Composting is essentially a complex biological oxidation-reduction process. In this process, electrons are generated and transferred to intracellular electron acceptors (such as NAD + ), and then transferred to the respiratory chain. Since oxygen is poorly soluble in water, most of the aeration is ineffective aeration without being utilized by microorganisms, and excessive aeration will also increase energy consumption and reduce the temperature of the compost pile. The oxygen in the upper part of the compost pile is relatively sufficient and the oxidation ability is strong. Due to the gravity of water, the water content in the lower part or inside of the compost pile is high and the oxygen is less, and the reduction ability is strong. Although the compost raw materials are diverse, the electron transfer is difficult at different positions inside and outside, up and down of the compost pile, which affects the ripening degree of the compost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problems of poor aeration in livestock and poultry manure piles, low oxygen utilization rate, high cost of external electric field-assisted livestock and poultry manure composting, and long composting time of livestock and poultry manure. A livestock and poultry manure electro-assisted composting device without an external power source is provided. The specific technical solutions to solve this problem are as follows:

[0004] A livestock and poultry manure electro-assisted composting device without an external power source is composed of an upper brush, an upper support plate, an iron rod, an insulating layer, a lower support plate, and a lower brush. The lower part of the upper brush is arranged on the upper surface of the upper support plate. The lower surface of the upper support plate is arranged at the upper end of the iron rod. The insulating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the middle part of the iron rod. The lower end of the iron rod is connected to the upper surface of the lower support plate. The lower surface of the lower support plate is connected to the upper end of the lower brush.

[0005] A livestock and poultry manure electro-assisted composting device without an external power source is directly and vertically inserted into the livestock and poultry manure pile body, so that the upper brush contacts the surface layer of the livestock and poultry manure pile body, and the lower brush contacts the lower layer of the livestock and poultry manure pile body, forming a closed circuit. The present invention uses a livestock and poultry manure electro-assisted composting device without an external power source to form a closed circuit between the surface layer and the lower layer of the livestock and poultry manure pile body; there is less oxygen in the lower layer of the livestock and poultry manure pile body, and the livestock and poultry manure pile body is in a reducing state. The soil oxygen in the surface layer of the livestock and poultry manure pile body is relatively sufficient and in an oxidizing state. The closed circuit formed by this device enables electrons to transfer smoothly between the lower layer and the surface layer of the livestock and poultry manure pile body, significantly improving the oxygen utilization rate of the lower layer of the pile body, raising the temperature of the livestock and poultry manure pile body from 60 - 65 °C to 70 - 75 °C, shortening the composting time by 5 - 10 days, increasing the compost maturity by 5% - 10%, reducing the number of mechanical turning operations by 1 - 2 times, reducing the economic cost by 5% - 10%, and having the advantages of saving energy. Description of the Drawings

[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0007] Specific Embodiment 1: In combination with Figure 1 Describe this embodiment. This embodiment is composed of an upper brush 1, an upper support plate 2, an iron rod 3, an insulating layer 4, a lower support plate 5, and a lower brush 6. The lower part of the upper brush 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper support plate 2. The lower surface of the upper support plate 2 is arranged at the upper end of the iron rod 3. The insulating layer 4 is arranged on the outer surface of the middle part of the iron rod 3. The lower end of the iron rod 3 is connected to the upper surface of the lower support plate 5. The lower surface of the lower support plate 5 is connected to the upper end of the lower brush 6.

[0008] Specific Embodiment 2: In combination with Figure 1 Describe this embodiment. The upper brush 1 and the lower brush 6 in this embodiment are made of iron wire and are in the shape of petals spreading out. The diameters of the upper brush and the lower brush are 2 - 4 mm, the lengths are 50 - 100 mm, and the number is 10 - 15. They are welded to the upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 5.

[0009] Specific Embodiment Three: Combine with Figure 1 Describe this embodiment. The upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 5 in this embodiment are made of iron, are circular in shape, have a diameter of 20 mm each, and are welded to the upper and lower ends of the iron rod 3.

[0010] Specific Embodiment Four: Combine with Figure 1 Describe this embodiment. The iron rod 3 in this embodiment is circular, has a diameter of 20 mm, and a length of 30 - 100 cm. The length is selected according to the depth of turning the straw into the soil.

[0011] Specific Embodiment Five: Combine with Figure 1 Describe this embodiment. The insulating layer 4 in this embodiment is made of plastic and is evenly coated on the outer surface of the iron rod 3.

[0012] Usage method of the device:

[0013] Directly insert the device vertically into the stack of livestock and poultry manure compost, so that the upper brush 1 contacts the surface layer of the livestock and poultry manure stack, and the lower brush 6 contacts the lower part of the livestock and poultry manure stack. The device forms a closed circuit between the surface layer and the lower layer of the livestock and poultry manure stack; there is less oxygen in the lower layer of the livestock and poultry manure stack, and the livestock and poultry manure stack is in a reducing state. The oxygen in the surface layer soil of the livestock and poultry manure stack is relatively sufficient and is in an oxidizing state. The closed circuit formed by this device enables electrons to transfer smoothly between the lower layer and the surface layer of the livestock and poultry manure stack, significantly improving the oxygen utilization rate of the lower layer of the stack and shortening the time for the livestock and poultry manure compost to mature.

[0014] The above embodiments are merely exemplary and do not limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art

[0015] under the inspiration of the technical solutions provided by the present invention, various other equivalent changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations should be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically assisted composting device for livestock and poultry manure without an external power supply, which is composed of an upper brush, an upper support plate, an iron rod, an insulating layer, a lower support plate and a lower brush, and is characterized in that: The lower part of the upper brush is arranged on the upper surface of the upper support plate, the lower surface of the upper support plate is arranged on the upper end of the iron rod, the insulating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the middle part of the iron rod, the lower end of the iron rod is connected to the upper surface of the lower support plate, and the lower surface of the lower support plate is connected to the upper end of the lower brush.

2. The livestock and poultry manure electric-assisted composting device without external power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper brush and the lower brush are made of iron wire and are in the shape of spreading petals. The diameter of the upper brush and the lower brush is 2-4 mm, the length is 50-100 mm, the number is 10-15, and they are welded on the upper surface of the upper support plate and the lower surface of the lower support plate.

3. The electric-assisted composting device for livestock and poultry manure without an external power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate are made of iron, are circular in shape, have a diameter of 20 mm, and are welded to the upper and lower ends of the iron rod.

4. The electric-assisted composting device for livestock and poultry manure without an external power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron rod is round, with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 30 to 100 cm. The length is selected according to the depth of the straw turned into the soil.

5. The electric-assisted composting device for livestock and poultry manure without an external power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating layer is made of plastic and is evenly coated on the outer surface of the iron rod.

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