A photovoltaic agriculture-based shed integrated multifunctional curtain net system and its control method

Abstract

The present technical solution discloses a trellis-integrated multifunctional curtain net system based on photovoltaic agriculture and a control method thereof; wherein the system comprises a control device and at least one curtain net device unit; the control device controls the curtain net device unit to make it perform a set action; the curtain net device unit comprises a photovoltaic frame assembly, a transmission assembly, a pulley static line assembly, and a curtain net assembly; the trellis-integrated multifunctional curtain net system of the present technical solution is particularly suitable for application in photovoltaic agricultural scenarios with large spans and complex terrains, and can realize the control of various microclimate environmental factors of crops under photovoltaic panels, and reduce the investment cost of related agricultural facility construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a daily necessity for human beings, which is used as a shielding device for sunshading and heat preservation in photovoltaic agriculture, and specifically relates to a shed-integrated multifunctional curtain net system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Driven by my country's "dual carbon" policy, the photovoltaic industry has experienced significant growth in recent years, leading to an increasingly tight supply of land for photovoltaic power station construction. In central and eastern China, land resources for solar photovoltaic power generation are scarce, making agricultural land an increasingly viable option. The construction of photovoltaic facilities on agricultural land must ensure that the normal growth of crops and farming operations are not affected. The introduction of agricultural facilities and equipment can significantly improve agricultural production technology and maintain or even increase agricultural output. Shading systems, which improve the microclimate of crops, are a key agricultural facility. Using photovoltaic racks to install appropriate shading systems can effectively reduce the initial installation cost of shading facilities, promote the development of smart facility agriculture, and achieve a win-win situation for photovoltaic power generation and facility agriculture production.

[0003] Several patents have been granted for shading systems that combine photovoltaic power generation with modern agricultural facilities, including patent number ZL201710260837.3 for a "large-area shading device for tea gardens based on photovoltaic panels for power generation," patent number ZL201920898875.6 for a "tea garden shading system based on flexible photovoltaic supports," and patent number ZL201420823768.4 for a "photovoltaic greenhouse insulation structure." However, the shading systems currently used in photovoltaic agriculture may have the following deficiencies or defects:

[0004] 1. Single function, not able to maximize comprehensive efficiency;

[0005] 2. The degree of scaffolding integration is poor, and the support function provided by the photovoltaic bracket is not fully utilized;

[0006] 3. The ability to regulate the microclimate environment of crops under photovoltaic panel components is weak. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional curtain net system based on photovoltaic agriculture to improve the microclimate environment for the growth and development of crops under the photovoltaic panel components, and to reduce the investment cost of agricultural facility construction by utilizing the framework support provided by the photovoltaic bracket.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the above-mentioned curtain net system.

[0009] A photovoltaic agriculture-based shed integrated multifunctional screen system includes a control device and at least one screen device unit; the control device controls the screen device unit to perform a set action;

[0010] The screen device unit includes a photovoltaic frame assembly, a transmission assembly, a pulley static line assembly, and a screen assembly;

[0011] The transmission assembly includes a support, a bearing, a transmission shaft, a winding drum, a forward traction rope, and a reverse traction rope; the two ends of the transmission shaft are configured through bearings and supports, and the supports are fixed to the left frame and the right frame of the photovoltaic frame assembly. A plurality of winding drums are configured on the transmission shaft, and each winding drum is wound with a forward traction rope and a reverse traction rope that move in opposite directions;

[0012] The pulley static line assembly includes a front changing direction double pulley, a rear changing direction single pulley, a front tensioning steel cable, a rear tensioning steel cable, a front tensioning support steel cable, a rear tensioning support steel cable, and a side tensioning steel cable; the front changing direction double pulley is fixed to the front tensioning steel cable, and the two ends of the front tensioning steel cable are respectively fixed to the left frame and the right frame of the photovoltaic frame assembly; the rear changing direction single pulley is fixed to the rear tensioning steel cable, and the two ends of the rear tensioning steel cable are respectively fixed to the left frame and the right frame of the photovoltaic frame assembly; the two ends of the front tensioning support steel cable are respectively fixed to the left frame and the right frame of the photovoltaic frame assembly; the two ends of the rear tensioning support steel cable are respectively fixed to the left frame and the right frame of the photovoltaic frame assembly; and the two ends of the side tensioning steel cable are respectively fixed to one side frame, i.e., the two end columns of the left frame or the right frame;

[0013] The curtain net assembly includes a side three-pulley block, a guide rope, a front guide clamp, a double three-pulley block, a double-head buckle, and a curtain net;

[0014] The forward traction rope of the transmission assembly is wound around the winding drum in the forward direction, with one end fixed, and the other end passing through the front change-direction double pulley to be connected to the fixed ring on the front guide clamp or the side-linked three-pulley group; the reverse traction rope of the transmission assembly is wound around the winding drum in the reverse direction, with one end fixed, and the other end passing through the front change-direction double pulley and the rear change-direction single pulley in sequence to be connected to the fixed ring of the double-headed buckle on the front guide clamp or the side-linked three-pulley group;

[0015] The rear end of the curtain net is fixed, and the two sides of the curtain net are fixed to the two side tensioning steel cables through double-headed buckles. The front part of the curtain net is fixed to the front guide clamp and the guide rope. The front guide clamp is connected to the curtain net with buckles. The guide rope passes through the front guide clamp and its two ends are fixed to the limiting rigid tubes of the side-linked three-pulley groups on both sides. The side-linked three-pulley groups are fixed to the side tensioning steel cables; the double-headed buckle is fixed to the fixing ring of the front guide clamp, the side-linked three-pulley group or the double-linked three-pulley group to configure the forward traction rope and the reverse traction rope.

[0016] The photovoltaic frame assembly comprises a photovoltaic panel, a pressure-bearing steel cable, a left frame and a right frame; two sides of the pressure-bearing steel cable are respectively fixed on the left frame and the right frame, and the photovoltaic panel is fixed on the pressure-bearing steel cable.

[0017] The pulley static line assembly also includes a curtain pressure line and a curtain support line; one end of the curtain pressure line is fixed to the front tensioning steel cable, and the other end is fixed to the rear tensioning steel cable; one end of the curtain support line is fixed to the front tensioning steel cable, and the other end is fixed to the rear tensioning steel cable.

[0018] The control device includes an information acquisition module, a control module, and an execution module; the information acquisition module includes a light sensor, a temperature sensor, and an information collector, and the information collector collects data detected by the light sensor and the temperature sensor and transmits it to the control module; the control module includes a system control center, a networking module, a cloud, and a mobile terminal. The system control center automatically controls the expansion and contraction of the curtain net based on the detection data or meteorological forecast environmental factors transmitted by the information collector and according to the pre-set air temperature and light regulation requirements under the photovoltaic panels. The mobile terminal can realize command interaction with the system control center through the networking module and the cloud; the execution module includes a programmable switch, a curtain motor, and an alarm. The programmable switch receives instructions conveyed by the system control center to control the opening and closing and rotation direction of the curtain motor. The curtain motor provides power for the expansion and contraction of the curtain net. The alarm alarms the system control center when the curtain motor operates abnormally, and the system control center decides and controls to change the operating state of the programmable switch.

[0019] Control method of the integrated multifunctional curtain net system based on photovoltaic agriculture:

[0020] a. When the curtain net needs to be unfolded, the system control center issues a forward rotation command, controls the curtain-pulling motor to start forward rotation through the programmable switch, and transmits power to the drive shaft; the drive shaft rotates, driving the forward traction rope to tighten, and the forward traction rope changes direction and transmits the pulling force to the front guide clamp and the side-linked three-pulley group via the front change-direction double pulley; the drive shaft rotates, driving the reverse traction rope to pay out, and the reverse traction rope is pulled by the front guide clamp through the rear change-direction single pulley and the front change-direction double pulley in sequence, and is pulled by the side-linked three-pulley group through the rear change-direction single pulley and the front change-direction double pulley in sequence; the front guide clamp and the guide rope in the limiting rigid tube that passes through the front guide clamp and is fixed at both ends to the side-linked three-pulley group on both sides jointly drive the front end of the curtain net to move, so that the curtain net is unfolded;

[0021] b. When the curtain net needs to be folded up, the system control center issues a reverse rotation command, controls the curtain-pulling motor to start reverse rotation through the programmable switch, and transmits power to the drive shaft; the drive shaft rotates, driving the forward traction rope to pay out, and the forward traction rope is pulled by the front guide clamp and the side three-pulley group through the front change-direction double pulley; the drive shaft rotates, driving the reverse traction rope to tighten, and the reverse traction rope sequentially pulls the front guide clamp through the front change-direction double pulley and the rear change-direction single pulley, and then sequentially pulls the side three-pulley group through the front change-direction double pulley and the rear change-direction single pulley; the front guide clamp and the guide rope jointly drive the front end of the curtain net to move, causing the curtain net to fold up.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the integrated multifunctional trellis curtain net system is particularly suitable for application in photovoltaic agricultural scenarios with large spans and complex terrains. It can regulate various microclimate environmental factors of crops under photovoltaic panels and reduce the investment cost of related agricultural facility construction.

[0024] 2. The multifunctional trellis-mounted curtain net system utilizes a flexible steel cable structure and pulley static line components, allowing for easy left-right parallel connection and front-to-back series connection between different units. Compared to traditional shading system structures, it is more suitable for photovoltaic agricultural scenarios with large spans and complex terrain, and solves the problem of light leakage gaps between adjacent sets of shading nets. Because the curtain net unit is suitable for large-span photovoltaic agricultural scenarios, in actual application, the plot where the curtain net is to be deployed can be easily divided into zones of appropriate size and number. The flexible steel cable structure significantly reduces the need for rigid supports such as columns when applied over large plots, allowing for larger spacing between supports such as columns, leaving ample space for field farming operations and mechanized work beneath the curtain net system.

[0025] 3. The pressure and support cables arranged on the front and rear tension cables of the integrated multifunctional scaffolding screen system confine the screen to a specific area. The pressure cables reduce the screen's fluttering due to factors such as wind in large-span photovoltaic agricultural scenarios, while the support cables minimize its droop. The side tension cables also control and minimize deformation on both sides of the screen. The guide cables are pre-tensioned during installation, ensuring a relatively uniform movement of the screen's front end over large spans. They are also lighter than the metal tubular drive edges of traditional screen systems. Furthermore, the front guide clamps not only reduce the load but also distribute the tension of the forward and reverse traction cables more evenly across the screen, preventing premature damage to the screen due to excessive local tension. This extends the screen's service life and reduces operating and maintenance costs.

[0026] 4. The multifunctional trellis screen system has multiple functions such as providing sunshade, heat preservation, resistance to late spring cold and power generation gain for crops under photovoltaic panels. In summer and winter, based on the detection data of the microclimate environmental sensor of the photovoltaic agricultural park, the screen is automatically controlled to be unfolded and retracted according to the pre-set microclimate control requirements of the crops under the photovoltaic panels. By controlling the unfolding and retraction of the screen, the screen system can regulate multiple microclimate environmental factors of the crops under the photovoltaic panels to meet the growth needs of the crops and reduce the damage to the crops caused by low temperature, high temperature and excessive light. In the season when late spring cold is prone to occur, based on the meteorological forecast-related environmental factors of the photovoltaic agricultural park area, the unfolding and retraction of the screen is regulated in advance to reduce or eliminate the damage to the crops caused by late spring cold.

[0027] 5. The screen uses aluminum foil sunshade cloth. When the screen is unfolded, it reflects a significant portion of the sunlight that passes through the gaps between the photovoltaic panels to the front and back of the panels, thereby increasing the panels' power generation and achieving higher returns. This benefit is particularly significant when the photovoltaic panels are bifacial, significantly reducing the levelized cost of electricity.

[0028] 6. The integrated multifunctional curtain net system uses a flexible steel cable structure and pulley static line components, and the photovoltaic bracket is highly integrated with the curtain net system bracket, which greatly reduces the amount of steel used in the curtain net system and reduces its construction cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the scaffolding integrated multifunctional curtain net system;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a scaffolding integrated multifunctional curtain net device unit;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Front view of

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A top view of

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Side view of

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the side-linked three-pulley group with the side tensioning cables, double-ended buckles, forward traction ropes, reverse traction ropes and other components;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the double triple pulley group with the side tensioning cables, double-ended buckles, forward traction ropes, reverse traction ropes and other components;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the front guide clamp and the curtain net, reverse traction rope, forward traction rope, traction rope fixing ring, guide rope and other components;

[0037] in:

[0038] 1. Photovoltaic panel, 2. Pressure-bearing steel cable, 3. Left frame, 4. Right frame, 5. Support, 6. Bearing, 7. Drive shaft, 8. Winding drum, 9. Forward traction rope;

[0039] 10. Reverse traction rope, 11. Front change-of-direction double pulley, 12. Rear change-of-direction single pulley, 13. Front tension cable, 14. Front support cable, 15. Rear tension cable, 16. Rear support cable, 17. Side tension cable, 18. Side triple pulley block, 19. Double triple pulley block;

[0040] 20. Guide rope, 21. Front guide clip, 22. Double-head buckle, 23. Curtain net, 24. Temperature sensor, 25. Light sensor, 26. System control center, 27. Information collector, 28. Curtain pressure wire, 29. Curtain support wire;

[0041] 30. Roller, 31. External support frame, 32. Limiting rigid tube, 33. Fixing ring, 34. Buckle, 35. Programmable switch, 36. Alarm, 37. Curtain motor, 38. Network module, 39. Cloud;

[0042] 40. Mobile terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 The photovoltaic agriculture-based trellis integrated multifunctional screen system shown in the figure is a multifunctional photovoltaic agricultural facility that regulates the microclimate of crops in a photovoltaic agricultural park. Based on microclimate parameters and weather forecast environmental factors detected on-site in the photovoltaic agricultural park, the system control center 26 processes and analyzes the collected data and, based on pre-set conditions, issues commands to control the forward or reverse rotation of the curtain motor 37 to deploy and retract the screen 23. The system includes a screen unit and a corresponding control device, which is used to control the screen unit to perform a set action. The control device can control one or more screen units.

[0044] The screen unit shown in the figure is designed with a photovoltaic frame assembly, a transmission assembly, a pulley static line assembly, and a screen assembly. The photovoltaic frame assembly primarily serves as the framework for the entire screen unit, supporting and securing the other components and mounting the photovoltaic panel 1. The transmission assembly is used to move the forward and reverse traction ropes 9 and 10 to deploy or retract the screen 23. The pulley static line assembly provides the pulley and cable structure that coordinates with the transmission assembly to deploy or retract the screen 23. The screen assembly coordinates with the transmission assembly and the pulley static line assembly to deploy or retract the screen 23. In actual applications, these components can be further optimized, such as by optimizing specific components or adding additional components.

[0045] The photovoltaic frame assembly in the figure is a rigid structural frame, steel cables and photovoltaic integrated parts, which is designed with multiple photovoltaic panels 1, pressure-bearing steel cables 2, left frame 3, and right frame 4. The above-mentioned left frame 3 and right frame 4 are used to support and fix other components. The photovoltaic panel 1 is a conventional photovoltaic power generation component, and the pressure-bearing steel cables 2 are used to fix the photovoltaic panel 1; the pressure-bearing steel cables 2 are arranged in a horizontal stepped shape, so that multiple photovoltaic panels 1 can be installed on these pressure-bearing steel cables at appropriate angles. The two sides of these pressure-bearing steel cables 2 are fixed on the left frame 3 and the right frame 4 respectively. The above-mentioned left frame 3, right frame 4, photovoltaic panel 1, and pressure-bearing steel cables 2 are photovoltaic array components of the original agricultural site.

[0046] The transmission assembly in the figure is designed with two supports 5, two bearings 6, a transmission shaft 7, multiple winding drums 8, and each winding drum 8 is equipped with a set of forward traction ropes 9 and reverse traction ropes 10 as shown in the figure; the two supports 5 are respectively installed on the left frame 3 and the right frame 4 of the photovoltaic frame assembly, so that the transmission shaft 7 can be installed and fixed horizontally through the bearings 6, so that the two ends of the transmission shaft 7 are configured with the supports 5 through the bearings 6. The winding drum 8 is a conventional component, which winds the forward traction rope 9 and the reverse traction rope 10. The forward traction rope 9 and the reverse traction rope 10 are used to cooperate with the front change-of-direction double pulley 11, the double-headed buckle 22, and the rear change-of-direction single pulley 12 to realize real-time adjustment of the position of the double-headed buckle 22, thereby realizing the expansion and contraction of the curtain net 23. The above-mentioned winding drum 8 is fixed on the transmission shaft 7. When the transmission shaft 7 rotates, it maintains a synchronous rotation relationship. The winding drum 8 is wound with a forward traction rope 9 and a reverse traction rope 10 that move in opposite directions. Therefore, when the forward traction rope 9 is tightened, the reverse traction rope 10 moves in the opposite direction. Conversely, when the reverse traction rope 10 is tightened, the forward traction rope 9 moves in the opposite direction.

[0047] The pulley static line assembly in the figure is designed with multiple pulleys and multiple static lines, so it is also called a pulley and static line system. Specifically, it is designed with a front change of direction double pulley 11, a rear change of direction single pulley 12, a front tensioning steel cable 13, a rear tensioning steel cable 15, a front tensioning support steel cable 14, a rear tensioning support steel cable 16, and a side tensioning steel cable 17; the above components are all conventional structures. Among them, the front change-of-direction double pulley 11 is used to configure the forward traction rope 9 and the reverse traction rope 10; the rear change-of-direction single pulley 12 is used to configure the reverse traction rope 10 so that it can be turned according to the design; the front tensioning steel cable 13 is also called the front tensioning curtain line steel cable, which is used to fix the front change-of-direction double pulley 11 and arrange the curtain line; the rear tensioning steel cable 15 is also called the rear tensioning curtain line steel cable, which is used to fix and arrange the curtain line for the rear change-of-direction single pulley 12; the front tensioning support steel cable 14 is also called the front tensioning curtain line steel cable, which is arranged below the front tensioning steel cable 13 and is used to arrange the curtain line; the rear tensioning support steel cable 16 is also called the rear tensioning curtain line steel cable, which is arranged below the rear tensioning steel cable 15 and is used to arrange the curtain line; the side tensioning steel cable 17 is also called the side tensioning guide cable steel cable, which cooperates with the side-linked three-pulley group 18 to fix the guide cable 20. Specifically, the two ends of the front tensioning steel cable 13 and the front tensioning support steel cable 14 are respectively installed forward at the left frame 3 and the right frame 4 of the frame photovoltaic panel, the two ends of the rear tensioning steel cable 15 and the rear tensioning support steel cable 16 are respectively fixed backward at the left frame 3 and the right frame 4 of the frame photovoltaic panel, and the two ends of the side tensioning steel cable 17 are respectively fixed between the two end columns of one side frame such as the left frame 3 or the right frame 4. The above-mentioned pulley static line assembly is also designed with a transversely arranged pressure line 28 and a support line 29 structure; among them, one end of the pressure line 28 is fixed to the front tensioning steel cable 13, and the other end is fixed to the rear tensioning steel cable 15, and one end of the support line 29 is fixed to the front tensioning support steel cable 14, and the other end is fixed to the rear tensioning support steel cable 16; through such a design, the pressure line 28 and the support line 29 limit the curtain net 23 to a certain area, the pressure line 28 reduces the fluttering of the curtain net 23 under the influence of wind and other factors in the large-span photovoltaic agricultural scene, and the support line 29 reduces the sagging amplitude of the curtain net 23.

[0048] The curtain net assembly in the figure is designed with a side-linked three-pulley group 18, a guide rope 20, a front guide clamp 21, a double-linked three-pulley group 19, a double-headed buckle 22, and a curtain net 23 structure, wherein the side-linked three-pulley group 18 is used to cooperate with the guide rope 20 and the side tensioning steel rope 17 to realize the expansion and contraction of the curtain net 23; the guide rope 20 is used to cooperate with the double-headed buckle to make the movement of the double-headed buckle 22 consistent with the guide rope 20; the front guide clamp 21 is used to fix the curtain net 23 with the cooperation of the guide rope 20; the double-linked three-pulley group 19 is used to limit and fix the double-headed buckle 22 at both sides with the cooperation of the side tensioning steel rope 17; the double-headed buckle 22 is used for pulling the forward traction rope 9 and the reverse traction rope 10; the curtain net 23 is a conventional structure for shielding crops. The outer shell of the side-linked three-pulley block 18 is a hollow support frame structure, which contains multiple pulley blocks arranged in a conventional "T" shape as shown in the figure. A hollow circular tube-shaped rigid tube 32 can be installed between the support frame and the double-headed buckle. The guide rope 20 is a conventional steel cable structure. The front guide clamp 21 is a plate-like structure that can be connected to the double-headed buckle 22 and the guide rope 20 as shown in the figure. The structure of the double-linked three-pulley block 19 can be referred to the side-linked three-pulley block 18. It also has a hollow support frame structure. The difference between it and the side-linked three-pulley block 18 is that it has a rigid tube 32 structure on both sides, so that it can cooperate with the guide rope 20 at both sides. The double-headed buckle 22 can be configured with the side-linked three-pulley group 18 or the double-linked three-pulley group 19 through a limiting rigid tube 32. The double-headed buckle 22 is hollow inside to facilitate the sheathing of the guide rope 20. At the same time, there are fixed rings 33 on both sides, upper and lower, to facilitate the sheathing of the forward traction rope 9 and the reverse traction rope 10. As shown in the figure, the forward traction rope 9 is wound forwardly on the winding drum 8, so that one end is fixed, and the other end passes around the front change-direction double pulley 11 and is connected to the fixed ring 33 on the front guide clamp 21 or the side-linked three-pulley group 18; the reverse traction rope 10 is wound reversely on the winding drum 8, so that one end is fixed, and the other end passes around the front change-direction double pulley 11 and the rear change-direction single pulley 12 in sequence to be connected to the fixed ring 33 on the front guide clamp 21 or the side-linked three-pulley group 18 equipped with the double-headed buckle 22. The rear end of the curtain net 23 is set to be fixed, and the two side edges of the curtain net 23 are fixed to the two side tensioning cables 17 by double-headed buckles 22 respectively. The front part of the curtain net 23 is fixed to the front guide clamp 21 and the guide rope 20. The front guide clamp 21 is connected and fixed with the curtain net 23 in the form of buckles 34. The guide rope 20 passes through the front guide clamp 21 and has its two ends fixed to the limiting rigid tubes 32 of the side-linked three-pulley groups 18 on both sides. The side-linked three-pulley groups 18 are fixed to the side tensioning cables 17 and maintain cooperation therewith; the double-headed buckle 22 is fixed to the fixing ring 33 of the front guide clamp 21, the side-linked three-pulley group 18 or the double-linked three-pulley group 19 to configure the forward traction rope 9 and the reverse traction rope 10.

[0049] The control device shown in the figure comprises an information collection module, a control module, and an execution module. These modules can be based on existing configurations or optimized based on the existing control device for the screen 23. The information collection module includes a light sensor 25, a temperature sensor 24, and an information collector 27. The information collector 27 collects data detected by the light sensor 25 and the temperature sensor 24 and transmits it to the control module. The control module comprises a system control center 26, a networking module 38, a cloud computing platform 39, and a mobile terminal 40. The system control center 26 automatically controls the deployment and retraction of the screen 23 based on the detection data transmitted by the information collector 27 or weather forecast environmental factors, according to pre-set air temperature and light control requirements under the photovoltaic panel 1. The mobile terminal 40 can exchange commands with the system control center 26 through the networking module 38 and the cloud computing platform 39. The execution module is designed with a programmable switch 35, a curtain motor 37, and an alarm 36. The programmable switch 35 receives instructions conveyed by the system control center 26 to control the opening and closing and rotation direction of the curtain motor 37. The curtain motor 37 provides power for the expansion and contraction of the curtain net 23. The alarm 36 alerts the system control center 26 when the curtain motor 37 operates abnormally, and the system control center 26 makes decisions and controls to change the operating status of the programmable switch 35.

[0050] Through the above structural configuration, the following control actions can be performed:

[0051] 1. When the curtain net 23 needs to be deployed, the system control center 26 issues a forward rotation command, controlling the curtain motor 37 via the programmable switch 35 to begin forward rotation and transmit power to the drive shaft 7. The rotation of the drive shaft 7 tightens the forward traction rope 9, which then redirects its tension through the front double-direction-changing pulley 11 and transmits it to the front guide clamp 21 and the side-linked three-pulley assembly 18. The rotation of the drive shaft 7 unwinds the reverse traction rope 10. The reverse traction rope 10 is pulled by the front guide clamp 21, sequentially through the rear single-direction-changing pulley 12 and the front double-direction-changing pulleys 11, and by the side-linked three-pulley assembly 18, sequentially through the rear single-direction-changing pulley 12 and the front double-direction-changing pulleys 11. The front guide clamp 21 and the guide rope 20, which passes through the front guide clamp 21 and is secured at both ends to the side-linked three-pulley assembly 18, collectively drive the front end of the curtain net 23 to deploy.

[0052] 2. When the curtain net 23 needs to be retracted, the system control center 26 issues a reverse rotation command, controlling the curtain motor 37 via the programmable switch 35 to begin reverse rotation and transmit power to the drive shaft 7. The drive shaft 7 rotates, driving the forward traction rope 9 to unwind. The forward traction rope 9 is pulled by the front guide clamp 21 and the side three-pulley assembly 18 via the front double-direction-changing pulley 11. The drive shaft 7 rotates, tightening the reverse traction rope 10. The reverse traction rope 10, in turn, pulls the front guide clamp 21 through the front double-direction-changing pulley 11 and the rear single-direction-changing pulley 12, and then pulls the side three-pulley assembly 18. The front guide clamp 21 and the guide rope 20 together drive the front end of the curtain net 23 to move, causing the curtain net 23 to retract.

[0053] By unfolding and retracting the curtain net 23, the following functions can be achieved:

[0054] 1. Shading function of the screen system. During the summer daytime, the solar radiation is strong, and the air temperature of the crop canopy is often higher than the suitable growth temperature. At the same time, the light intensity is often higher than the light saturation point of the crops, causing strong light stress to the crops, affecting the yield and quality of agricultural products. Therefore, during the summer daytime, according to the different types of crops planted and the different growth periods of the crops, the system control center 26 pre-sets different solar radiation intensity reference values, such as 1000 μmol / m 2 When solar radiation intensity exceeds a reference value, the screen system's shading function is activated, deploying screen 23 to reduce air temperature and light intensity above the crop canopy. When solar radiation intensity falls below the reference value, the screen system retracts screen 23 to facilitate crop photosynthesis. During summer nights, the screen system retracts screen 23 to help crops dissipate solar energy absorbed during the day.

[0055] 2. The screen system's heat preservation function. On sunny winter days, crops and soil absorb a significant amount of solar energy during the day, while temperatures often drop significantly at night. Crops and soil lose significant amounts of heat energy, often negatively impacting crop growth. Therefore, during winter nights, the system control center 26 pre-sets different air temperature reference values, such as 10°C, based on the type of crop being grown and the crop's growth period. When the air temperature falls below the reference value, the screen system's heat preservation function is activated, deploying the screen 23 to reduce heat loss from the crops and soil.

[0056] 3. The anti-late spring cold function of the curtain net system. Every spring is a period when late spring cold is prone to occur, which often causes severe frost damage to crops and causes significant economic losses. Radiation frost late spring cold is a major form of late spring cold. Through the coverage and blocking of the curtain net 23, the damage of late spring cold can be greatly reduced or even completely avoided. Therefore, during the spring nights, according to the different types of crops planted and the different growth periods of crops, the system control center 26 pre-sets different reference values ​​of meteorological environmental factors, such as the lowest temperature at night is below 5°C, the wind speed is less than 1m / s, and the sky cloud coefficient is less than 0.5. When the meteorological environmental factors meet the reference values, the insulation function of the curtain net system is activated, and the curtain net 23 is unfolded to reduce or even avoid the frost damage to crops caused by the late spring cold.

[0057] 4. The power generation gain function of the screen system. In recent years, with the iterative development of photovoltaic power generation technology, double-sided photovoltaic panels have gradually become one of the mainstream products used in the photovoltaic industry. Double-sided photovoltaic panels can generate electricity using the light received on the front and back sides. In the process of sunlight shining on the ground surface, part of the light is directly intercepted by the front side of the double-sided photovoltaic panel, and the other part passes through the gaps between the photovoltaic panels and shines on the unfolded screen 23. The screen 23 uses an aluminum foil sunshade curtain. When the screen 23 is unfolded, the aluminum foil will reflect a considerable portion of the incident sunlight to the front and back sides of the photovoltaic panel, increasing the power generation of the photovoltaic panel and achieving higher gain.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic agriculture-based scaffolding integrated multifunctional screen system, characterized by: It includes a control device and at least one screen device unit; the control device controls the screen device unit to make it perform a set action; The screen device unit includes a transmission assembly, a pulley static line assembly, a screen assembly, and a photovoltaic frame assembly; The transmission assembly comprises a support (5), a bearing (6), a transmission shaft (7), a winding drum (8), a forward traction rope (9), and a reverse traction rope (10); both ends of the transmission shaft (7) are connected to the support (5) through the bearing (6); the support (5) is fixed to the left frame (3) and the right frame (4) of the photovoltaic frame assembly; a plurality of winding drums (8) are arranged on the transmission shaft (7); each winding drum (8) is wound with a forward traction rope (9) and a reverse traction rope (10) moving in opposite directions; The pulley static line assembly comprises a front direction-changing double pulley (11), a rear direction-changing single pulley (12), a front tensioning steel cable (13), a rear tensioning steel cable (15), a front tensioning support steel cable (14), a rear tensioning support steel cable (16), and a side tensioning steel cable (17); the front direction-changing double pulley (11) is fixed to the front tensioning steel cable (13), two ends of the front tensioning steel cable (13) are respectively fixed to the left frame (3) and the right frame (4) of the photovoltaic frame assembly; the rear direction-changing single pulley (12) is fixed to the rear tensioning steel cable (15), two ends of the rear tensioning steel cable (15) are respectively fixed to the left frame (3) and the right frame (4) of the photovoltaic frame assembly; two ends of the front tensioning support steel cable (14) are respectively fixed to the left frame (3) and the right frame (4) of the photovoltaic frame assembly; two ends of the rear tensioning support steel cable (16) are respectively fixed to the left frame (3) and the right frame (4) of the photovoltaic frame assembly; and two ends of the side tensioning steel cable (17) are respectively fixed to two end columns of one side frame; The curtain net assembly comprises a side three-pulley block (18), a guide rope (20), a front guide clamp (21), a double three-pulley block (19), a double-head buckle (22), and a curtain net (23); The forward traction rope (9) of the transmission assembly is wound around the winding drum (8) in the forward direction, with one end fixed, and the other end passing around the front change-direction double pulley (11) and connected to the fixing ring (33) on the front guide clamp (21) or the side-linked three-pulley group (18); the reverse traction rope (10) of the transmission assembly is wound around the winding drum (8) in the reverse direction, with one end fixed, and the other end passing around the front change-direction double pulley (11) and the rear change-direction single pulley (12) in sequence and connected to the fixing ring (33) of the double-head buckle (22) of the front guide clamp (21) or the side-linked three-pulley group (18); The rear end of the curtain net (23) is fixed, and the two sides of the curtain net (23) are fixed to the two side tensioning cables (17) respectively through double-headed buckles (22). The front of the curtain net (23) is fixed to the front guide clamp (21) and the guide rope (20). The front guide clamp (21) is connected to the curtain net (23) by buckles (34). The guide rope (20) passes through the front guide clamp (21) and has its two ends fixed to the limiting rigid tubes (32) of the side-linked three-pulley groups (18) on both sides. The side-linked three-pulley groups (18) are fixed to the side tensioning cables (17); the double-headed buckle (22) is fixed to the fixing ring (33) of the front guide clamp (21), the side-linked three-pulley group (18) or the double-linked three-pulley group (19) to configure the forward traction rope (9) and the reverse traction rope (10).

2. The photovoltaic agriculture-based scaffolding integrated multifunctional curtain net system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic frame assembly comprises a photovoltaic panel (1), a pressure-bearing steel cable (2), a left frame (3), and a right frame (4); both sides of the pressure-bearing steel cable (2) are fixed to the left frame (3) and the right frame (4), respectively, and the photovoltaic panel (1) is fixed to the pressure-bearing steel cable (2).

3. The photovoltaic agriculture-based scaffolding integrated multifunctional curtain net system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulley static line assembly further comprises a curtain pressing line (28) and a curtain supporting line (29); one end of the curtain pressing line (28) is fixed to the front tensioning steel cable (13), and the other end is fixed to the rear tensioning steel cable (15); one end of the curtain supporting line (29) is fixed to the front tensioning supporting steel cable (14), and the other end is fixed to the rear tensioning supporting steel cable (16).

4. The photovoltaic agriculture-based scaffolding integrated multifunctional curtain net system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control device comprises an information acquisition module, a control module, and an execution module; the information acquisition module comprises a light sensor (25), a temperature sensor (24), and an information collector (27); the information collector (27) collects data detected by the light sensor (25) and the temperature sensor (24), and transmits the data to the control module; the control module comprises a system control center (26), a networking module (38), a cloud (39), and a mobile terminal (40); the system control center (26) automatically controls the screen according to the preset control requirements of the air temperature and light under the photovoltaic panel (1) based on the detection data or weather forecast environmental factors transmitted by the information collector (27). The mobile terminal (40) can realize command interaction with the system control center (26) through the networking module (38) and the cloud (39); the execution module includes a program-controlled switch (35), a curtain-pulling motor (37), and an alarm (36); the program-controlled switch (35) receives instructions conveyed by the system control center (26) to control the opening and closing and rotation direction of the curtain-pulling motor (37); the curtain-pulling motor (37) provides power for the expansion and folding of the curtain net (23); the alarm (36) alarms the system control center (26) when the curtain-pulling motor (37) operates abnormally, and the system control center decides and controls to change the operating state of the program-controlled switch (35).

5. A control method for a photovoltaic agriculture-based scaffolding integrated multifunctional curtain net system according to claim 4, characterized in that: a. When the curtain net (23) needs to be unfolded, the system control center (26) issues a forward rotation command, controls the curtain motor (37) through the programmable switch (35) to start forward rotation, and transmits power to the transmission shaft (7); the transmission shaft (7) rotates, driving the forward traction rope (9) to tighten, and the forward traction rope (9) changes direction and transmits the pulling force to the front guide clamp (21) and the side three-pulley group (18) through the front change-direction double pulley (11); the transmission shaft (7) rotates, driving the reverse traction rope (10) to release the line, and the reverse The traction rope (10) is pulled by the front guide clamp (21) through the rear single-direction-changing pulley (12) and the front double-direction-changing pulley (11) in sequence, and is pulled by the side-linked three-pulley group (18) through the rear single-direction-changing pulley (12) and the front double-direction-changing pulley (11) in sequence; the front guide clamp (21) and the guide rope (20) in the limiting rigid tube (32) of the side-linked three-pulley group (18) passing through the front guide clamp (21) and having both ends fixed to the two sides jointly drive the front end of the curtain net (23) to move, so that the curtain net (23) is unfolded; b. When the curtain net (23) needs to be folded, the system control center (26) issues a reverse rotation command, controls the curtain pulling motor (37) through the program-controlled switch (35) to start reverse rotation, and transmits power to the transmission shaft (7); the transmission shaft (7) rotates, driving the forward traction rope (9) to release the line, and the forward traction rope (9) is pulled by the front guide clamp (21) and the side three-pulley group (18) through the front change double pulley (11); the transmission shaft (7) rotates, driving the reverse traction rope (10) to tighten, and the reverse traction rope (10) sequentially pulls the front guide clamp (21) through the front change double pulley (11) and the rear change single pulley (12), and sequentially pulls the side three-pulley group (18) through the front change double pulley (11) and the rear change single pulley (12); the front guide clamp (21) and the guide rope (20) jointly drive the front end of the curtain net (23) to move, so that the curtain net (23) is folded.

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