A method and system for cultivating longfin gudgeon seedlings

Abstract

This invention provides a method and system for cultivating longfin gudgeon fry, comprising the following steps: 1) transferring fertilized eggs of the longfin gudgeon from an incubation device to a rearing device with a water temperature of 18-20℃ for cultivation to obtain fry with feeding needs; 2) feeding the fry with feed and controlling the water temperature to rise to 28-29℃ at a rate of 0.8-1.0℃ / day to cultivate fry with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm; 3) subjecting the fry with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm to temperature training and continuous feeding to cultivate fry with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm; 4) subjecting the fry with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm to gradient cooling culture between 30℃ and 26℃ to cultivate fry of release size; the longfin gudgeon fry cultivated according to this method have good resistance to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis disease, and the cultivation cycle to release standard is short with high cultivation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method and system for cultivating longfin gudgeon seedlings, belonging to the field of biotechnology. Background Technology

[0002] The longfin gudgeon is an endemic and important economic fish species widely distributed in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. In recent years, due to human activities, its habitat has gradually shrunk or even disappeared, and its natural reproduction scale has drastically decreased, leading to a sharp decline in its wild population. In 2021, the longfin gudgeon was listed as a Class II protected animal in China, attracting widespread public attention. Against this backdrop, several domestic research and production institutions have conducted research on artificial breeding techniques for the longfin gudgeon, hoping to restore its wild population through artificial propagation and release.

[0003] However, due to the strong stress response of the longfin gudgeon, it is highly susceptible to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis disease, resulting in unsatisfactory artificial breeding results. Furthermore, the seedlings in the current artificial breeding process of longfin gudgeon grow slowly and have a long cultivation cycle.

[0004] Therefore, exploring cultivation methods with short cultivation cycles and low infection rates of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method for cultivating longfin gudgeon seedlings, which can significantly shorten the cultivation cycle of longfin gudgeon seedlings and reduce the probability of infection with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.

[0006] The present invention also provides a longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation system. This cultivation system is used to perform the above-mentioned longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation method. Therefore, the longfin gudgeon seedlings cultivated by this cultivation system have a short cultivation cycle and a low probability of infection with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis disease. Moreover, the cultivation system realizes water resource recycling and has the effect of water and energy saving.

[0007] This invention provides a method for cultivating longfin gudgeon seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1) The fertilized eggs of the longfin gudgeon were transferred from the hatching device to a breeding device with a water temperature of 18-20℃ for cultivation to obtain fry with feeding needs;

[0009] 2) Feed the fry with feed and control the water temperature to rise to 28-29℃ at a rate of 0.8-1.0℃ / day to cultivate fish with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm;

[0010] 3) Temperature training was conducted on the fish with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm, and they were continuously fed to cultivate fish with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm;

[0011] 4) The fish fry with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm were cultured in a gradient cooling mode between 30℃ and 26℃ to obtain release fry with a total length of 5cm or more;

[0012] The temperature training includes: raising the water temperature in the aquaculture device from 28°C to 33°C from 8:00 to 14:00 every day and maintaining the temperature, and lowering the water temperature in the aquaculture device from 33°C to 28°C from 17:00 to 8:00 the next day.

[0013] During the cultivation process, the culture water in the culture device is in a flowing state, and the culture water is oxygenated to a concentration of 5 mg / L or higher.

[0014] In the cultivation method described above, the aquaculture device introduces and removes water at a rate of 0.2-0.3 L / min, keeping the water in a flowing state.

[0015] In the cultivation method described above, the heating rate during temperature training is 0.6-1.0℃ / h, and the cooling rate is 0.6-1.0℃ / h.

[0016] In the cultivation method described above, the ratio of the cross-sectional area to the height of the cultivation device is 3.14-7.07m. 2 : 0.6-0.8m.

[0017] In the cultivation method described above, in step 1), the density of the fertilized eggs during transfer is 4500-6000 eggs / m². 3 .

[0018] In the cultivation method described above, the oxygen concentration for the oxygenation treatment is 6 mg / L.

[0019] In the cultivation method described above, step 3) includes feeding water fleas on days 1-2, feeding water fleas mixed with pellet feed with a particle size of 0.3-0.4 mm on days 2-4, and then feeding only the pellet feed thereafter.

[0020] The present invention also provides a longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation system, the cultivation system being used to perform the cultivation method described above, the cultivation system including a breeding device, a disinfection-filtration device, and a temperature control device; the temperature control device includes a temperature monitor, a temperature regulator, a controller, and a temperature control tank, the temperature monitor being used to monitor the temperature of the water in the tank, and the temperature regulator being used to adjust the water temperature in the temperature control tank;

[0021] The outlet of the aquaculture device is connected to the inlet of the disinfection-filtration device, the outlet of the disinfection-filtration device is connected to the inlet of the temperature regulating tank, and the outlet of the temperature regulating tank is connected to the inlet of the aquaculture device.

[0022] The controller is electrically connected to the temperature monitor and the temperature regulator, respectively.

[0023] In the cultivation system described above, the temperature regulator includes a heating device, a cooling device, or a solar heat exchange device; the electrical energy for the heating device and the cooling device is derived from solar energy.

[0024] The cultivation system described above includes a disinfection-filtration device comprising a disinfection device and a filtration device connected together; the disinfection device includes a filter with a density of 12-24 roots / m². 2 A UV sterilizer with a power of 100W.

[0025] The method for cultivating longfin gudgeon seedlings provided by this invention controls the temperature during the cultivation process through stages of heating, temperature training, and cooling, and maintains the cultivation process in a flowing water environment to achieve successful cultivation. This method significantly reduces the probability of outbreaks of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis disease in longfin gudgeon seedlings, significantly improves the survival rate of cultured longfin gudgeon seedlings, and increases the growth rate of longfin gudgeon seedlings, enabling them to reach release size in a short period of time.

[0026] The longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation system provided by this invention realizes the recycling of aquaculture water, achieving the goals of water and energy conservation and green cultivation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the cultivation system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view of the disinfection-filtration device and temperature control pool in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0030] This invention provides a method for cultivating longfin gudgeon seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0031] 1) Transfer the fertilized eggs of longfin gudgeon from the hatching device to a breeding device with a water temperature of 18-20℃ for cultivation to obtain fry that are ready to feed.

[0032] 2) Feed the fry with feed and control the water temperature to rise to 28-29℃ at a rate of 0.8-1.0℃ / day to cultivate fish with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm;

[0033] 3) Temperature training is conducted on fish with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm, and they are continuously fed to cultivate fish with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm;

[0034] 4) Fish fry with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm were cultured in a gradient cooling mode between 30℃ and 26℃ to obtain release-sized fry with a total length of 5cm or more;

[0035] Temperature training includes: raising the water temperature in the aquaculture device from 28℃ to 33℃ from 8:00 to 14:00 every day and maintaining the temperature; and lowering the water temperature in the aquaculture device from 33℃ to 28℃ from 17:00 to 8:00 the next day.

[0036] During the cultivation process, the water in the aquaculture device is in a flowing state and is oxygenated to a concentration of 5 mg / L or higher.

[0037] In step 1), the fertilized eggs of the longfin gudgeon are transferred from the incubation device to the breeding device for cultivation. The water temperature in the breeding device is maintained at 18-20℃. After a certain period of time, the fry hatch into larvae. After hatching, the larvae rely on the yolk sac to obtain the nutrients needed for growth. When the nutrients in the yolk sac are exhausted, the larvae are obtained and have the need to forage for food.

[0038] This invention does not limit the specific operational steps for transferring fertilized eggs from the incubation device to the breeding device, as long as the structure of the fertilized eggs is not damaged and the subsequent cultivation is not affected.

[0039] The present invention does not limit the specific shape of the aquaculture device, and can use aquaculture devices commonly used in the field, such as circular aquaculture ponds, rectangular aquaculture ponds, etc.

[0040] Transferring fertilized eggs of longfin gudgeon from the hatchery to the rearing facility can minimize damage to the gudgeon seedlings during the transfer and ensure their successful later rearing.

[0041] In step 2), feed the fry that are looking for food, and control the water temperature in the breeding device to rise to 28-29℃ at a rate of 0.8-1.0℃ / day, and continue to cultivate them to obtain fish with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm.

[0042] In this invention, the total length of the fish fry refers to the average total length of the fish fry involved in the breeding process. The total length is measured as the straight-line distance from the tip of the fish's mouth to the end of its tail fin. It is understood that when measuring the total length of the fish fry, care must be taken to avoid damaging the fry and affecting subsequent breeding.

[0043] This invention does not limit the feeding frequency of the fry. The appropriate feeding frequency can be selected according to the actual situation, such as 3-4 times a day.

[0044] This invention does not limit the water temperature control method in the aquaculture device; it can use common water temperature control methods in the field to carry out phased temperature increases.

[0045] When the water temperature for fry that are feeding is increased to 28-29℃ at a rate of 0.8-1.0℃ / day, it not only increases the growth rate of the fry, but also effectively limits the reproduction and growth of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.

[0046] In step 3), the fish with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm are subjected to temperature training. From 8:00 to 14:00 every day, the water temperature in the breeding device is raised from 28℃ to 33℃ and kept warm. From 17:00 to 8:00 the next day, the water temperature in the breeding device is lowered from 33℃ to 28℃. Continue feeding to cultivate fish with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm.

[0047] This invention does not limit the feeding frequency of the fry. The appropriate feeding frequency can be selected according to the actual situation, such as 3-4 times a day.

[0048] This invention does not limit the type of feed when feeding fry. The type of feed can be selected according to the actual growth of the fish, such as selecting pellet feed with a particle size of 0.3-0.4 mm.

[0049] Temperature training can improve the fish's adaptability to environmental changes and increase their survival rate.

[0050] In step 4), fish fry with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm are gradually cultured in a gradient cooling process between 30℃ and 26℃ to obtain release fry with a total length of 5cm or more.

[0051] The gradient cooling culture in this invention refers to the gradual decrease of water temperature in the aquaculture device during the culture process. This invention does not limit the specific process of water temperature decrease; the water temperature decrease process can be a continuous decrease or an intermittent decrease.

[0052] Taking the intermittent decrease in water temperature as an example, the water temperature is maintained at 29-30℃ to feed fish with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm. When the fish reach a total length of 3cm or more, the water temperature is lowered to 28℃ and the fish are fed at 28℃. When the fish reach a total length of 4cm, the water temperature is lowered to 26℃ and the fish are cultured at 26℃ until they reach a total length of 5cm or more and are ready for release.

[0053] This invention does not limit the feeding frequency and feed type of the fish in step 4). The appropriate feeding frequency and feed can be selected according to the actual situation. For example, the feeding frequency is 3-4 times / day, and the feed is pelleted feed with a particle size of 0.6-0.8mm.

[0054] During the cultivation process in steps 1) to 4), the water in the aquaculture device is in a flowing state, and oxygenation is carried out using an oxygenation device with an oxygenation concentration of 5 mg / L or higher.

[0055] In this invention, the oxygenation concentration refers to the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water. This invention does not limit the specific type of oxygenation device; commonly used oxygenation devices in the art, such as aerators and aerators, can be selected.

[0056] This invention achieves the cultivation of long-finned gudgeon seedlings by controlling the temperature at different stages of their growth, from fertilized eggs to release-sized seedlings, and creating a flowing water culture environment. The inventors believe that, on the one hand, the flowing water environment improves water quality and reduces the density of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (white spot disease parasite), placing the long-finned gudgeon seedlings under lower physiological stress and enhancing their immunity. On the other hand, controlling the culture temperature at different stages of growth not only significantly reduces the hatching rate of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis cysts and the survival rate of larvae, thus greatly inhibiting the reproduction of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, but also allows the long-finned gudgeon seedlings to grow rapidly in a suitable environment, shortening the cultivation cycle.

[0057] Furthermore, in one specific embodiment of the present invention, the aquaculture device introduces and removes water at a rate of 0.2-0.3 L / min, keeping the water in a flowing state.

[0058] The present invention does not limit the control method of the inlet and outlet water rate of the aquaculture device. For example, the inlet and outlet water rate of the aquaculture device can be controlled by setting specific pumping parameters of the pumping device.

[0059] Through extensive and innovative experiments, the inventors discovered that when the aquaculture device processes water at a rate of 0.2-0.3 L / min, it not only improves water quality, enhances fish immunity and growth rate, but also optimizes feed utilization and saves energy and costs. The main reason is that when the water flow rate is within this range, it effectively removes waste from the water, reduces the accumulation of harmful chemicals, simulates the natural habitat of longfin gudgeon fry, and increases dissolved oxygen levels in the water.

[0060] Furthermore, in one specific embodiment of the present invention, the heating rate of the temperature training is 0.6-1.0℃ / h, and the cooling rate is 0.6-1.0℃ / h.

[0061] In detail, the heating rate includes, but is not limited to, a range of 0.6℃ / h, 0.65℃ / h, 0.7℃ / h, 0.75℃ / h, 0.8℃ / h, 0.85℃ / h, 0.9℃ / h, 0.95℃ / h, 1.0℃ / h, or any combination thereof.

[0062] The cooling rate includes, but is not limited to, a range of 0.6℃ / h, 0.65℃ / h, 0.7℃ / h, 0.75℃ / h, 0.8℃ / h, 0.85℃ / h, 0.9℃ / h, 0.95℃ / h, 1.0℃ / h, or any combination thereof.

[0063] This invention does not limit the control method of heating rate and cooling rate, as long as the heating rate and cooling rate can be achieved within the above range. For example, a temperature controller can be used to maintain a relatively stable heating rate and cooling rate.

[0064] When the heating and cooling rates during temperature training are within the above range, the fish fry can better adapt to temperature changes, effectively avoiding increased physiological stress, disease, and parasites caused by large temperature fluctuations.

[0065] Furthermore, in one specific embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the cross-sectional area to the height of the aquaculture device is 3.14-7.07m. 2 : 0.6-0.8m.

[0066] In this invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the aquaculture device refers to the area of ​​a plane parallel to the ground, while the height refers to the distance from the bottom surface to the highest point of the aquaculture device.

[0067] Specifically, the ratio of the cross-sectional area to the height of the aquaculture device includes, but is not limited to, 3.14m. 2 0.6m, 3.50m 2 0.6m, 4.0m 2 0.6m, 4.50m 2 0.6m, 5.0m 2 0.6m, 5.50m 2 0.6m, 6.0m 2 0.6m, 6.50m 2 0.6m, 7.0m 2 0.6m, 7.07m 2 0.6mm, 3.14m 2 0.8m, 3.50m 2 0.8m, 4.0m 2 0.8m, 4.50m 2 0.8m, 5.0m 2 0.8m, 5.50m 20.8m, 6.0m 2 0.8m, 6.50m 2 0.8m, 7.0m 2 0.8m, 7.07m 2 :0.8m or a range consisting of any two of them.

[0068] When the ratio of the cross-sectional area to the height of the breeding device is within the above range, it can not only provide sufficient space for the seedlings to move around and promote their rapid growth, but also keep the water in the breeding device at a suitable turnover rate, thus better inhibiting the reproduction and growth of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.

[0069] Furthermore, in one specific embodiment of the present invention, in step 1), the density of fertilized eggs during transfer is 4500-6000 eggs / m². 3 .

[0070] Specifically, the placement density is 4500-6000 grains / m². 3 For example, the placement density includes, but is not limited to, 4500 grains / m³. 3 4600 grains / m 3 4800 grains / m 3 5000 grains / m 3 5200 grains / m 3 5400 grains / m 3 5600 particles / m 3 5800 grains / m 3 6000 grains / m 3 or a range consisting of any two of them.

[0071] The inventors discovered that when the stocking density is within the above range, longfin gudgeon seedlings can obtain sufficient space, food, and oxygen, while better avoiding the spread of diseases and mortality, thus enabling longfin gudgeon seedlings to grow faster and reducing the probability of infection with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.

[0072] Furthermore, in one specific embodiment of the present invention, the oxygenation concentration of the oxygenation treatment is 6 mg / L or higher.

[0073] When the oxygen concentration during oxygenation treatment is within the above range, longfin gudgeon seedlings have good growth conditions and high feed conversion rate, which can better prevent Ichthyophthirius multifiliis disease and promote rapid seedling growth.

[0074] Furthermore, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, step 3) of feeding includes: feeding water fleas on days 1-2, feeding water fleas mixed with pellet feed with a particle size of 0.3-0.4 mm on days 2-4, and then feeding only the pellet feed thereafter.

[0075] Specifically, after the fertilized eggs are raised to the point where the fry have a need to forage, they are fed daphnia on the first 1-2 days. Then, on the 2nd-4th days, the daphnia are mixed with pellet feed with a particle size of 0.3-0.4 mm. After the 4th day, they are fed only 0.3-0.4 mm pellet feed.

[0076] During the second to fourth day, when feeding water fleas mixed with pelleted feed with a particle size of 0.3-0.4 mm, the mixing ratio of water fleas and pelleted feed can be adjusted according to the actual situation. For example, as time goes on, the proportion of water fleas can be gradually reduced and the proportion of pelleted feed can be gradually increased.

[0077] For fry that are actively foraging, the above-mentioned feeding method not only meets their high nutritional needs and is compatible with their digestive and absorptive capabilities, but also stimulates their predatory instincts and improves feeding efficiency. As the fry grow further, they can gradually adapt to solid feed, ensuring feed quality and nutritional balance.

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also provides a longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation system. The cultivation system is used to perform the cultivation method described above. The cultivation system includes a breeding device, a disinfection-filtration device, and a temperature regulation device. The temperature regulation device includes a temperature monitor 6, a temperature regulator 5, a controller, and a temperature regulation tank 7. The temperature monitor 6 is used to monitor the water temperature in the temperature regulation tank 7, and the temperature regulator 5 is used to regulate the water temperature in the temperature regulation tank 7. The outlet of the breeding device is connected to the inlet of the disinfection-filtration device, the outlet of the disinfection-filtration device is connected to the inlet of the temperature regulation tank 7, and the outlet of the temperature regulation tank 7 is connected to the inlet of the breeding device. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature monitor 6 and the temperature regulator 5 respectively.

[0079] Specifically, after the longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation system is started, the culture water in the culture device enters the disinfection-filtration device through the outlet of the culture device and the inlet of the disinfection-filtration device. In the disinfection-filtration device, parasites such as Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and other pathogens that may be present in the culture water are killed, and residual feed and seedling excrement are filtered out, resulting in relatively clean culture water. The culture water then enters the temperature regulation tank 7 through the outlet of the disinfection-filtration device and the inlet of the temperature regulation tank 7 in the temperature regulation device. In the temperature regulation tank 7, the culture water temperature is adjusted to the set temperature, and then the culture water enters the culture device through the outlet of the temperature regulation tank 7 and the inlet of the culture device.

[0080] In detail, the temperature regulation process of the temperature regulating tank 7 is achieved by the following steps: the controller in the temperature regulating device is electrically connected to the temperature monitor 6 and the temperature regulator 5 respectively. The temperature monitor 6 detects the temperature in the temperature regulating tank 7 in real time and transmits the temperature signal to the controller. When the temperature signal received by the controller meets the set temperature, no command is transmitted; when the temperature signal received by the controller does not meet the set temperature, the controller generates a temperature adjustment command and transmits the command to the temperature regulator 5 to adjust the temperature, thereby realizing the real-time adjustment of the water temperature.

[0081] The temperature control command generated by the controller may be a heating command or a cooling command.

[0082] This invention does not limit the specific type of various devices. Common devices in the field can be selected according to the actual situation. For example, the temperature monitor 6 can be a mechanical thermometer, an electronic thermometer, an intelligent temperature sensor, etc., and the temperature regulator 5 can be a heater, a cooler, etc.

[0083] The longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation system provided by this invention can not only achieve real-time control of the aquaculture water temperature and efficiently regulate the aquaculture water temperature, but also realize the recycling of water resources during the aquaculture process, achieving the effect of water and energy saving, and providing support for the above-mentioned longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation method.

[0084] Furthermore, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature regulator 5 includes a heating device, a cooling device, or a solar heat exchange device; the electrical energy of the heating device or the cooling device is derived from solar energy.

[0085] Specifically, when the temperature regulator 5 includes heating and cooling equipment, the electrical energy of the heating and cooling equipment in the temperature regulator 5 comes from solar energy.

[0086] In detail, if the temperature control command generated by the controller is a heating command, the heating device in temperature regulator 5 starts operating, converting the electrical energy from solar energy into heat energy. If the temperature control command generated by the controller is a cooling command, the cooling device in temperature regulator 5 starts operating, converting the electrical energy from solar energy into cold energy.

[0087] This invention does not limit the specific method of solar energy collection. Common solar power generation equipment can be selected to collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. For example, a solar power generation device consisting of a solar panel 1, a solar charge controller 2, a battery pack 3, and an inverter 4 can be used to convert the collected solar energy into electrical energy and store it in the battery pack 3 for later use.

[0088] When the temperature regulator 5 includes a solar heat exchange device, the temperature of the aquaculture water is regulated by the solar heat exchange device.

[0089] The present invention does not limit the specific structure of the solar heat exchange device, as long as it can realize the direct utilization of solar energy. For example, the solar heat exchange device of the present invention includes a pumping device 10, an outdoor heat exchange zone, and a return water device.

[0090] Specifically, when the controller generates a temperature increase command and it is during a period of sufficient sunlight during the day, the controller transmits the temperature increase command to the pumping device 10. The pumping device 10 pumps the aquaculture water in the temperature regulating tank 7 to the outdoor heat exchange zone. In the outdoor heat exchange zone, the aquaculture water absorbs solar energy and its temperature rises. Subsequently, the heated aquaculture water returns to the temperature regulating tank 7 through the outlet and return water device of the outdoor heat exchange zone, thereby achieving temperature regulation.

[0091] When the controller generates a cooling command and it is during a period of low outdoor temperature at night, the controller transmits the cooling command to the pumping device 10. The pumping device 10 pumps the aquaculture water in the temperature regulating tank 7 to the outdoor heat exchange zone. In the outdoor heat exchange zone, the aquaculture water releases heat energy and absorbs cold energy, and the temperature decreases. Subsequently, the cooled aquaculture water returns to the temperature regulating tank through the outlet and return water device of the outdoor heat exchange zone, thus achieving temperature regulation.

[0092] The present invention does not limit the specific location and structure of the outdoor heat exchange zone in the solar heat exchange equipment. It can be selected according to the actual situation. For example, the outdoor heat exchange zone can be set on the roof of the aquaculture equipment. The aquaculture water is pumped to the roof by the pumping device 10 and then flows evenly through the roof slope 16 through the water distribution pipe 15. It then enters the water collection tank 17 at the end of the slope and finally returns to the temperature regulating tank 7 through the return water device.

[0093] When the above system is used for the cultivation of longfin gudgeon seedlings, it can not only realize the recycling of aquaculture water, but also make full use of solar energy for temperature control, thus realizing the green cultivation of longfin gudgeon seedlings.

[0094] Furthermore, in one specific embodiment of the present invention, the disinfection-filtration device includes a disinfection device and a filtration device connected in series; the disinfection device includes a distribution density of 12-24 strips / m. 2 A UV sterilizer with a power of 100W.

[0095] Specifically, the aquaculture water enters the disinfection device through the inlet of the disinfection-filtration device, which includes a filter with a density of 12-24 filters per meter. 2 The 100W ultraviolet sterilizer kills parasites such as Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and other pathogens in the aquaculture water. The sterilized aquaculture water then enters the filtration device, where residual feed, feces, and other solid impurities are filtered out, resulting in compliant aquaculture water.

[0096] This invention does not limit the specific structure of the disinfection device and the filtration device, as long as they can fully achieve disinfection and filtration. For example, the disinfection device can be a circular return water tank 20, and the filtration device can be a multi-stage filtration tank. The aquaculture water enters the circular return water tank 20 through the inlet, is disinfected, and then enters the multi-stage filtration tank for filtration. Finally, the water enters the temperature regulating tank 7 through the outlet of the multi-stage filtration tank.

[0097] By connecting disinfection and filtration devices, the aquaculture water can be treated in stages, reducing the processing burden on each device and making the disinfection and filtration of the aquaculture water more thorough, thus effectively improving the water quality.

[0098] Example 1

[0099] The longfin gudgeon fertilized eggs used in this invention were obtained from the Wudongde Breeding and Release Station of the Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute of China Three Gorges Corporation.

[0100] 1. Constructing a longfin gudgeon seedling breeding system: A plan view of the breeding system is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes aquaculture equipment, disinfection-filtration equipment (not shown in the figure), and temperature control equipment; the temperature control equipment includes a temperature monitor 6, a temperature controller 5, a controller (not shown in the figure), and a temperature control tank 7. The temperature controller 5 includes heating equipment (not shown in the figure), cooling equipment (not shown in the figure), and solar heat exchange equipment; the electricity for the heating equipment and the cooling equipment comes from solar energy.

[0101] The disinfection-filtration device includes a connected disinfection unit and a filtration unit; the disinfection unit includes a filter with a density of 20 fibers / m. 2 The system includes a 100W ultraviolet sterilizer; a solar heat exchange system comprising a second water pump 10, a roof drain pipe 14, a roof drainage pipe 15, a roof slope 16, a water collection trough 17, a roof water collection pipe 18, a workshop support wall 13, and a workshop floor 19. The aquaculture device is a 2m diameter, 0.6m high polypropylene aquaculture pond 12; the disinfection device is a circular return water tank 20; the filtration device is a multi-stage filtration tank; and the plan view of the disinfection-filtration device and the temperature regulation tank 7 is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, where Figure 2 The modules A, B, C, D, E, F, and G in the diagram constitute a multi-stage filtration pool, with modules A, B, C, D, E, F, and G connected sequentially (not shown in the diagram).

[0102] The outlet of the aquaculture pond 12 is connected to the inlet of the circular return water tank 20 via the aquaculture pond outlet pipe 11. The circular return water tank 20 is connected to the multi-stage filtration tank via the circular return water tank outlet 21. The outlet of the multi-stage filtration tank is connected to the inlet of the temperature regulating tank 7. The temperature regulating tank 7 has a first water pump 8 and a second water pump 10. The outlet of the temperature regulating tank 7 is connected to the inlet of the aquaculture pond 12 via the first water pump 8. The second water pump 10 of the temperature regulating tank 7 is connected to the roof slope 16 via the roof water pumping pipe 14 and the roof water distribution pipe 15. The roof slope 16 is connected to the temperature regulating tank 7 via the water collection trough 17 and the roof water collection pipe 18.

[0103] The temperature monitor 6 in the temperature regulating tank 7 is electrically connected to the controller and the second water pump 10, and the controller is electrically connected to the temperature regulator 5.

[0104] After entering the cultivation stage, the cultivation system is started. The water for cultivation enters the loop return water tank 20 and the multi-stage filtration tank through the outlet of the cultivation pond 12 and the inlet of the loop return water tank 20 in sequence for disinfection and filtration. Then, the water from the outlet of the multi-stage filtration tank enters the temperature regulating tank 7. On the one hand, the water in the temperature regulating tank 7 is continuously pumped to the cultivation device through the outlet of the temperature regulating tank 7, the inlet pipe 9 of the cultivation pond, and the inlet of the cultivation pond 12. On the other hand, the temperature monitor 6 in the temperature regulating tank 7 monitors the water temperature. If the water temperature is lower than the set temperature and it is daytime, the temperature monitor 6 generates an electrical signal and transmits it to the second water pump 10. The second water pump 10 starts and pumps the water in the temperature regulating tank 7 through the roof water pumping pipe 14 to the roof water distribution pipe 15. Then, the water flows through the roof water distribution pipe 15 and over the roof slope 16. After being exposed to sunlight, it enters the water collection tank 17 and then enters the temperature regulating tank 7 through the roof water collection pipe 18. When the water temperature reaches the set temperature, the water pump stops running.

[0105] If the water temperature is lower than the set temperature, and it is rainy or at night when the temperature is low, the temperature monitor 6 will generate an electrical signal and transmit it to the controller. The controller will then generate a heating command and send it to the temperature regulator 5. The heating device in the temperature regulator 5 will start to run. Once the water temperature reaches the set temperature, the controller will no longer generate a heating command.

[0106] 2. Longfin Gudgeon Seedling Cultivation:

[0107] 1) When the longfin gudgeon fertilized eggs are still in the pre-hatching stage, transfer the fertilized eggs from the incubator to the rearing pond 12, with a stocking density of 5000 eggs / m². 3 The water temperature in the breeding pond 12 and the incubator was both 18℃. One day later, all the fry hatched. After hatching, the constant temperature system was turned on to slowly raise the temperature to 20℃. Five days later, the yolk sac was digested and absorbed, and the fry were ready to feed.

[0108] 2) At 6-15 days old, the fry begin to feed. On the first 1-2 days, feed them water fleas. On the 2nd-4th days, mix the water fleas with pellet feed with a particle size of 0.3mm-0.4mm and feed them with pellet feed with a particle size of 0.3mm-0.4mm. After the 4th day, feed them with pellet feed with a particle size of 0.3mm-0.4mm. During this stage, the water temperature in the rearing pond is increased by 0.8℃ every day. That is, when the fry are 15 days old, the water temperature is adjusted to 28℃ to obtain fish with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm.

[0109] 3) Starting from 16 days old, the fish fry are trained to experience temperature fluctuations daily. From 8:00 to 14:00 each day, the temperature is raised from 28℃ to 33℃ and maintained. From 17:00 to 8:00 the next day, the temperature is lowered from 33℃ to 28℃. The rate of temperature increase is 0.83℃ / h, and the rate of temperature decrease is 0.83℃ / h. The fish are fed pellets with a particle size of 0.3mm-0.4mm daily. This process is continued for 25 days to obtain fish with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm.

[0110] 4) Maintain the water temperature at around 30℃ for continuous breeding. When the fish reach a total length of 3cm or more, lower the water temperature to 28℃ and continue breeding to obtain release-sized fry with a total length of 5cm or more.

[0111] During the overall cultivation process, the inflow and outflow rate of aquaculture pond 12 was 0.2 L / min, and the oxygenation concentration was 6 mg / L.

[0112] Example 2

[0113] This embodiment uses the same longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation system as Embodiment 1, except that the inflow and outflow rates of water are different during the longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation process. Specifically:

[0114] In step 1), the inflow and outflow rate of the aquaculture device is 0.4 L / min.

[0115] Example 3

[0116] This embodiment uses the same longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation system as Embodiment 1, except that the temperature rise rate during the temperature training process is different. Specifically:

[0117] In step 3), the heating rate is first increased to 0.5℃ / h, and the temperature is increased to 30℃. Then the temperature is increased to 1.5℃ / h, and the temperature is increased to 33℃.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] The method for cultivating longfin gudgeon seedlings in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that the cultivation system used in the longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation process is different. Specifically:

[0120] The aquaculture pond in this embodiment is a circular aquaculture pond with a diameter of 3.5m and a height of 0.8m.

[0121] Example 5

[0122] This embodiment uses the same longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation system as Embodiment 1, except that the density of fertilized eggs is different during the longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation process. Specifically:

[0123] In step 1), the density of fertilized eggs is 6500 eggs / m². 3 .

[0124] Example 6

[0125] The longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation system used in this embodiment is the same as that used in Embodiment 1. The difference is that the oxygen concentration of the oxygenation treatment during the longfin gudgeon seedling cultivation process is different. Specifically, the oxygen concentration is 5 mg / L.

[0126] Comparative Example 1

[0127] The comparative example uses essentially the same method for cultivating longfin gudgeon seedlings as in Example 1, except that the temperature remains constant during the cultivation process. Specifically:

[0128] Steps 1)-4) Maintain the temperature at 28°C.

[0129] Comparative Example 2

[0130] The comparative example uses the same method for cultivating longfin gudgeon seedlings as in Example 1, except that:

[0131] In step 2), the water temperature in the breeding pond is increased by 1.5℃ every day.

[0132] Comparative Example 3

[0133] This comparative example uses essentially the same method for raising longfin gudgeon seedlings as in Example 1, except that temperature conditioning is not performed during the longfin gudgeon seedling raising process. Specifically:

[0134] In step 3), fish with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm are cultured at 30℃.

[0135] Test Case

[0136] The fish fry cultivated in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were statistically analyzed. Their average total length was measured, the culture time was recorded, the survival rate was statistically analyzed, and whether they were infected with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis was tested. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0137] Table 1

[0138]

[0139] As can be seen, according to the cultivation method provided by this invention, the culture time for longfin gudgeon to reach a release size of 5cm or more is no more than 132 days, the survival rate is no less than 50.3%, and none of them are infected with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (white spot disease). The cultivation method provided by this invention can effectively shorten the cultivation cycle and reduce the probability of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infection.

[0140] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating longfin gudgeon seedlings, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) The fertilized eggs of the longfin gudgeon were transferred from the hatching device to a breeding device with a water temperature of 18-20℃ for cultivation to obtain fry with feeding needs; 2) Feed the fry with feed and control the water temperature to rise to 28~29℃ at a rate of 0.8-1.0℃ / day to cultivate fish with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm; 3) Temperature training was conducted on the fish with a total length of 1.2-1.5cm, and they were continuously fed to cultivate fish with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm; 4) The fish fry with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm are subjected to gradient cooling culture, which includes: feeding the fish fry with a total length of 2.2-2.8cm at a water temperature of 29-30℃; when the total length of the fish fry is ≥3cm, the water temperature is lowered to 28℃ and maintained at 28℃ to continue feeding the fish fry; when the total length of the fish fry is ≥4cm, the water temperature is lowered to 26℃ and maintained at 26℃ to culture the fish fry, so as to cultivate fry with a total length of 5cm and above that are suitable for release. The temperature training includes: raising the water temperature in the aquaculture device from 28°C to 33°C from 8:00 to 14:00 every day and maintaining the temperature, and lowering the water temperature in the aquaculture device from 33°C to 28°C from 17:00 to 8:00 the next day. During the cultivation process, the culture water in the culture device is in a flowing state, and the culture water is oxygenated to a dissolved oxygen concentration of 5 mg / L or higher.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aquaculture device allows water to flow in and out at a rate of 0.2-0.3 L / min, keeping the water in a flowing state.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The temperature training involves a heating rate of 0.6-1.0℃ / h and a cooling rate of 0.6-1.0℃ / h.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The ratio of the cross-sectional area to the height of the aquaculture device is 3.14-7.07m. 2 : 0.6-0.8m.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step 1), the density of fertilized eggs during transfer is 4500-6000 eggs / m². 3 .

6. The cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The dissolved oxygen concentration in the oxygenation treatment is above 6 mg / L.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step 3), the feeding includes: feeding water fleas on days 1-2, feeding water fleas mixed with pellet feed with a particle size of 0.3-0.4 mm on days 2-4, and then feeding only the pellet feed thereafter.

8. A seedling cultivation system for longfin gudgeon, characterized in that, The cultivation system is used to perform the cultivation method according to any one of claims 1-7. The cultivation system includes a culture device, a disinfection-filtration device, and a temperature regulation device. The temperature regulation device includes a temperature monitor, a temperature regulator, a controller, and a temperature regulation tank. The temperature monitor is used to monitor the temperature of the water in the tank, and the temperature regulator is used to regulate the water temperature in the temperature regulation tank. The outlet of the aquaculture device is connected to the inlet of the disinfection-filtration device, the outlet of the disinfection-filtration device is connected to the inlet of the temperature regulating tank, and the outlet of the temperature regulating tank is connected to the inlet of the aquaculture device. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature monitor and the temperature regulator, respectively.

9. The cultivation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The temperature regulator includes a heating device, a cooling device, or a solar heat exchange device; the electrical energy of the heating device and the cooling device is derived from solar energy.

10. The cultivation system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The disinfection-filtration device includes a disinfection device and a filtration device connected together; the disinfection device includes a filter with a density of 12-24 fibers / m. 2 A UV sterilizer with a power of 100W.

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