Automatic conversion type surface substrate sampling device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of sampling head automatic conversion type ground matrix sampling device, with sampling ballast, threaded drill bit, combined shovel body, the bottom of sampling ballast is equipped with shaft driving part, and there is provided on shaft driving part upper and lower lifting assembly, lower lifting cylinder, shaft driving part drives upper and lower lifting assembly, lower lifting cylinder to lift, threaded drill bit top is connected with driving shaft part, and driving shaft part drives threaded drill bit to rotate, combined shovel body is composed of inner shovel body and outer shovel body, and inner shovel body top end is connected with transmission shaft part, and transmission shaft part adjusts the relative position of threaded drill bit and inner shovel body.In the application, different sampling heads are converted according to soil hardness, and rotary auger bit under natural state can be used for drilling-type sampling of high-hardness rock and gravelly soil, and for argillaceous soil area, it can be converted to outer shovel body or inner shovel body, and sampling personnel can use outer shovel body or inner shovel body to shovel soil for sampling, and the conversion of sampling head for different ground matrix realizes multifunctional sampling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological testing and sampling technology, specifically to a surface matrix sampling device with an automatic sampling head switching mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] The surface matrix layer is the first layer on the Earth's surface and is the foundation and key zone for biodiversity. Soil composition is very complex, consisting of solid, liquid, and gas phases, including minerals, organic matter from the decomposition of plant and animal remains, water, and air. To protect soil from environmental pollution and before land reclamation and agricultural engineering, it is necessary to test soil parameters. Soil testing includes processes such as sampling, sample analysis, result characterization, data statistics, and quality evaluation.

[0003] When conducting land surface matrix testing, it is necessary to sample and test the soil in the soil layer using sampling devices. The surface matrix is ​​divided into four categories: rock, gravel, soil, and mud. Existing soil sampling devices include Luoyang shovels and backpack drills. Different sampling devices are used for different surface matrices. For example, Luoyang shovels are often used in mud areas with low soil and rock hardness, while backpack drills are often used in rock and gravel areas with high soil and rock hardness.

[0004] Among them, the Luoyang shovel is usually used for manual sampling and is easy to sample clay soil. However, due to limited manpower, it is not suitable for sampling rocky or gravelly soil. Backpack drills are usually used for drilling sampling. Due to the large force applied, they are easy to damage soil areas with low hardness and are not suitable for sampling clay soil areas. In actual field sampling operations, there are situations where there are different surface matrices in a certain area. It is necessary to test and judge the soil hardness and then select the corresponding tools for sampling. It is necessary to prepare a variety of tools in advance, which is time-consuming and laborious. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this issue, the present invention provides an automatic sampling head conversion surface matrix sampling device, which effectively solves the problem in the prior art where different surface matrices exist in a certain sampling area, and the sampling process requires soil hardness detection and judgment before selecting the corresponding tool for sampling, necessitating the preparation of various tools in advance, which is time-consuming and laborious.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solution: an automatic sampling head switching surface matrix sampling device, comprising:

[0007] The sampling pressure tank is provided with an axially arranged shaft driving element extending at least partially into the sampling pressure tank, an upper lifting and lowering assembly and a lower lifting and lowering cylinder are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction on the shaft driving element, the shaft driving element rotates to drive the upper lifting and lowering assembly and the lower lifting and lowering cylinder to move up and down simultaneously, and the moving direction of the upper lifting and lowering assembly is opposite to that of the lower lifting and lowering cylinder;

[0008] A threaded drill bit is mounted at the bottom of the lower lifting and lowering cylinder, a driving shaft element is connected to the top of the threaded drill bit, the driving shaft element penetrates the shaft driving element and extends into the sampling pressure tank, the driving shaft element rotates to drive the threaded drill bit to rotate, a sampling cavity is arranged in the threaded drill bit, and a sampling port is formed in the inner wall of the bottom of the threaded drill bit and faces the sampling cavity.

[0009] A combined shovel body is composed of an inner shovel body and an outer shovel body, the inner shovel body is arranged in the sampling cavity, the bottom of the inner shovel body is matched with the sampling port, a transmission shaft element is connected to the top end of the inner shovel body, the transmission shaft element penetrates the driving shaft element, the transmission shaft element rotates to adjust the relative position of the threaded drill bit and the inner shovel body, and the outer shovel body is mounted on the upper lifting and lowering assembly and at least partially surrounds the threaded drill bit.

[0010] One of the threaded drill bit, the inner shovel body and the outer shovel body automatically extends to the front end to perform sampling.

[0011] A plurality of sampling contact seats are mounted on the front end of the threaded drill bit, and a stress sensor is mounted on the sampling contact seat.

[0012] Further,

[0013] The threaded drill bit is composed of a connecting column, a threaded protrusion and a conical head.

[0014] The threaded protrusion is mounted on the connecting column, and the conical head is connected to the bottom of the connecting column.

[0015] The connecting column and the conical head are hollow structures, and the internal space forms the sampling cavity.

[0016] Further,

[0017] The bottom of the connecting column at least partially forms an empty shaft section, and the threaded protrusion is mounted on the connecting column away from the empty shaft section.

[0018] Further,

[0019] The sampling port is arranged on the outer wall of the conical head, and the bottom of the inner shovel body and the outer wall of the conical head form a smooth curved surface.

[0020] The inner spade body and the outer spade body are both arc-shaped in cross section, and the center axes of the inner spade body, the outer spade body and the connecting column coincide.

[0021] Further,

[0022] The fixed shaft seat is fixedly installed in the sampling ballast interior, the bottom boss is connected and installed at the bottom of the fixed shaft seat, the top cylinder seat is connected and installed at the top of the fixed shaft seat, and the inclined sliding frame is arranged at the side of the bottom cylinder seat and is arranged in an inclined downward manner.

[0023] The shaft driving part comprises a driving shaft column and a first transmission gear connected to the driving shaft column.

[0024] The driving shaft column penetrates through the bottom boss, the fixed shaft seat and the top cylinder seat, the first transmission gear is supported at the top end of the top cylinder seat in a bottom-up manner, and the outer wall of the driving shaft column away from the bottom boss is provided with a first outer thread.

[0025] The first driving motor is arranged in the sampling ballast interior, the output end of the first driving motor is connected with a first driving gear, and the first driving gear and the first transmission gear are engaged.

[0026] Further,

[0027] The up-down assembly comprises a threaded cylinder and a sliding seat slidingly arranged on the inclined sliding frame.

[0028] The inner wall of the threaded cylinder is matched with the first outer thread.

[0029] The first horizontal groove and the second horizontal groove are provided with a limiting shaft penetrating through the first horizontal groove and the second horizontal groove in a horizontal direction, and the limiting shaft is slidingly connected with the inner wall of the first horizontal groove and the inner wall of the second horizontal groove.

[0030] Further,

[0031] The inner wall of the lower lifting cylinder is provided with an inner thread matched with the first outer thread.

[0032] The upper protruding block and the lower protruding block are arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the lower lifting cylinder.

[0033] The driving shaft part comprises a central shaft connected with the threaded drill bit and a second transmission gear connected to the top end of the central shaft.

[0034] The driving shaft column is internally provided with an axial slot, the central shaft is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the axial slot, the sampling ballast is internally provided with a second driving motor, and the output end of the second driving motor is connected with a second driving gear.

[0035] The outer wall of the central shaft is provided with a clamping ring, the clamping ring is clamped between the upper protrusion and the lower protrusion, and the thickness of the clamping ring is consistent with the distance between the upper protrusion and the lower protrusion.

[0036] Further,

[0037] The outer spade body is connected with a mounting shaft, and the top end of the mounting shaft is connected to the bottom of the sliding seat.

[0038] Further,

[0039] The transmission shaft piece comprises a threaded top column connected to the top end of the inner spade body, a transmission shaft column threadedly connected to the top end of the threaded top column, and a third transmission gear arranged at the top end of the transmission shaft column.

[0040] The sampling ballast is internally provided with a third driving motor, and the output end of the third driving motor is connected with a third driving gear, and the third driving gear is in meshing connection with the third transmission gear.

[0041] Further,

[0042] The distance from the outer wall of the outer spade body to the corresponding central shaft is greater than the distance from the inner wall of the inner spade body to the corresponding central shaft.

[0043] The bottom end position of the outer spade body is higher than the bottom end position of the threaded drill bit.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] In the present application, three kinds of sampling heads are integrated in the same sampling device, i.e., a screw drill bit, an outer spade body and an inner spade body, a stress sensor is arranged at the front end of the threaded drill bit, different sampling heads are converted according to the detected soil hardness, the rotatable screw drill bit in a natural state can be used for drilling type sampling of rock and gravel soil with high hardness, the outer spade body or the inner spade body can be converted for use in the muddy soil area, and the sampling personnel can manually use the outer spade body or the inner spade body to shovel soil for sampling, the conversion of the sampling head for different surface substrates realizes multifunctional sampling.

[0046] In addition, the outer spade body or the inner spade body can be selected for sampling, the shaft driving member drives the lifting and falling assembly to fall and drives the outer spade body to extend to a farther end, and a sampler can manually use the outer spade body to shovel soil for sampling, and in addition, the inner spade body with a smaller inner diameter and size can be extended outward, and the sampler can use the inner spade body to shovel soil for sampling, different spade sampling heads are adjusted for sampling according to different sampling requirements, and sampling multifunction is further realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative labor for those skilled in the art.

[0048] Figure 1 A structure schematic view of a sampling head automatic conversion type ground substrate sampling device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 2 A structure schematic view of an inner spade body extending to an outer end for sampling in the embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 3 A structure schematic view of an outer spade body extending to an outer end for sampling in the embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 4 A mounting structure schematic view of a shaft driving member, a lifting and falling assembly, a lower lifting and falling cylinder, a driving shaft member and a threaded drill bit in the embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 5 A mounting structure schematic view of a driving shaft member, a threaded drill bit, an inner spade body and a transmission shaft member in the embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 6 A structure schematic view of a threaded drill bit in the embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 7 A Figure 4 A structure schematic view of an enlarged structure of A in the embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 8 A structure schematic view of a conical head in the embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 9 A bottom view structure schematic view of a threaded drill bit in the embodiment of the present application.

[0057] The numbers in the drawings respectively represent the following:

[0058] 1-sampling pressure tank; 2-shaft driving part; 3-upper lifting and lowering assembly; 4-threaded drill bit; 5-driving shaft part; 6-transmission shaft part; 7-lower lifting cylinder; 8-sampling cavity; 9-combined shovel body; 10-sampling port; 11-sampling contact seat; 12-stress sensor; 13-fixed shaft seat; 14-bottom boss; 15-top cylinder seat; 16-inclined slide; 17-upper protrusion; 18-lower protrusion; 19-mounting shaft;

[0059] 21-driving shaft column; 22-first transmission gear; 23-first driving gear; 24-axial slot;

[0060] 31-threaded cylinder; 32-slide seat; 33-first horizontal slot; 34-second horizontal slot; 35-limiting shaft;

[0061] 41-connecting column; 42-threaded protrusion; 43-conical head; 44-empty shaft section;

[0062] 51-central shaft; 52-second transmission gear; 53-second driving gear;

[0063] 61-transmission shaft column; 62-third transmission gear; 63-third driving gear;

[0064] 91-inner shovel body; 92-outer shovel body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0066] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the present application provides a sampling head automatic conversion type surface substrate sampling device, which has a sampling pressure tank 1, a threaded drill bit 4 and a combined shovel body 9.

[0067] The sampling pressure tank 1 is provided with a shaft driving part 2 arranged in the vertical direction at the bottom, the shaft driving part 2 extends at least partially into the sampling pressure tank 1, the shaft driving part 2 is sequentially provided with an upper lifting and lowering assembly 3 and a lower lifting cylinder 7 in the vertical direction, the shaft driving part 2 rotates to drive the upper lifting and lowering assembly 3 and the lower lifting cylinder 7 to move up and down at the same time, and the moving direction of the upper lifting and lowering assembly 3 is opposite to that of the lower lifting cylinder 7.

[0068] The threaded drill bit 4 is installed at the bottom of the lower lifting cylinder. The top of the threaded drill bit is connected to a drive shaft 5, which passes through the shaft drive 2 and extends to the sampling chamber 1. The drive shaft 5 rotates to drive the threaded drill bit 4 to rotate. The threaded drill bit 4 is provided with a sampling chamber 8. The bottom inner wall of the threaded drill bit 4 is provided with a sampling port 10, which is directly opposite the sampling chamber 8.

[0069] The combined shovel body 9 consists of an inner shovel body 91 and an outer shovel body 92. The inner shovel body 91 is set in the sampling chamber 8. The bottom of the inner shovel body 91 fits with the sampling port 10. The top of the inner shovel body 91 is connected to a transmission shaft 6. The transmission shaft 6 passes through the drive shaft 5. The transmission shaft 6 rotates to adjust the relative position of the thread drill bit 4 and the inner shovel body 91. The outer shovel body 92 is installed on the lifting assembly 3, and the outer shovel body 92 at least partially surrounds the thread drill bit 4.

[0070] In this invention, the inner shovel body 91 is installed inside the threaded drill bit 4, and the outer shovel body 92 is installed outside the threaded drill bit 4. The inner shovel body 91 can not only be used as a sampling head, but also be sealed at the sampling port 10, serving as a control switch structure at the sampling port 10. When the threaded drill bit 4 needs to take a sample, the drive shaft 6 can be driven to raise the inner shovel body 91, so that the sampling port 10 opens. In this case, as the threaded drill bit 4 gradually moves down, the soil can directly enter the sampling chamber 8. In order to facilitate the removal of soil, the threaded drill bit 4 can be set as a detachable structure.

[0071] Among them, one of the threaded drill bit 4, inner shovel body 91, and outer shovel body 92 automatically extends to the front end for sampling.

[0072] To measure soil hardness, a number of sampling contacts 11 are installed at the front end of the threaded drill bit 4, and stress sensors 12 are installed on the sampling contacts 11.

[0073] In addition, a controller and data processing module can be installed in the sampling chamber 1. When the stress sensor 12 detects data, the data is analyzed. When the data exceeds a certain value, the threaded drill bit 4 is driven to rotate for drilling sampling. When the data does not reach a certain value, the drive shaft drive component 2 or the transmission shaft component 6 drives the outer shovel body 92 or the inner shovel body 91 to extend to the front end. At this time, the corresponding shovel structure can be used to directly shovel the soil for sampling.

[0074] In the application, three sampling heads, the screw drill head 4, the outer spade body 92 and the inner spade body 91, are integrated in the same sampling device, a stress sensor 12 is arranged at the front end of the screw drill head 4, and the sampling head is converted according to the detected soil hardness, so that the screw drill head 4 can be rotated to drill and sample the rock and gravel soil with high hardness in a natural state, and the outer spade body 92 or the inner spade body 91 can be converted to sample the argillaceous soil, and the sampling personnel can use the outer spade body 92 or the inner spade body 91 to shovel and sample the soil, and the sampling head is converted for different surface substrates, so that multifunctional sampling is realized.

[0075] In addition, the outer spade body 92 or the inner spade body 91 can be selected for sampling, the shaft driving part 2 drives the upper lifting assembly 3 to lower and drive the outer spade body 92 to extend to a farther end, the sampling personnel can use the outer spade body 92 to shovel and sample the soil, and the inner spade body 91 with a smaller inner diameter and size can also be extended outward, the sampling personnel can use the inner spade body 91 to shovel and sample the soil, different spade sampling heads are adjusted for sampling according to different sampling requirements, and multifunctional sampling is further realized.

[0076] For the above-mentioned selection of different spade bodies, the data detection can be performed after the data detection is completed, when the hardness data is lower than a certain value, the display screen outside the sampling ballast 1 directly displays the options, the sampling personnel directly enters the selected spade body, and the corresponding structure is driven according to the selected spade body of the sampling personnel.

[0077] In the application, as shown in Figure 6 The screw drill head 4 is composed of a connecting column 41, a threaded protrusion 42 and a conical head 43, the threaded protrusion 42 is installed and connected outside the connecting column 41, and the conical head 43 is connected at the bottom of the connecting column 41.

[0078] The connecting column 41 and the conical head 43 are hollow structures, and the internal space forms a sampling cavity 8, and a sampling port 10 is arranged on the conical head 43, as shown in Figure 9 As shown in the figure from bottom to top (from the angle of view), the sampling port 10 is in an arc shape, which is matched with the shape of the inner spade body 91.

[0079] In order to facilitate the sampling of the soil, the screw drill head 4 can be arranged as a detachable structure, which can be mainly arranged as: the connecting column 41 and the conical head 3 are threadedly connected, and the conical head 3 can be directly detached from the connecting column 41 by screwing outward, so as to facilitate the sampling of the soil in the sampling cavity 8.

[0080] In order to facilitate the detection of the hardness of the soil, the conical head 43 and the connecting column 41 need to be inserted into the soil first, and the internal hardness data of the soil is collected during the insertion process, in order to avoid the stop caused by the threaded protrusion 42 during the insertion process, the application is designed as follows, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the bottom of the connecting column 41 at least partially forms an empty shaft section 44, the threaded protrusion 42 is installed on the connecting column 41 away from the area of the empty shaft section 44, during the detection process, the conical head 43 and the empty shaft section 44 are partially inserted into the soil to obtain the hardness data of the soil, and the downward insertion is stopped when the soil surface gradually approaches the threaded protrusion 42.

[0081] As shown, Figure 8 The sampling port 10 is arranged on the outer wall of the conical head 43, and the bottom of the inner shovel body 91 forms a smooth curved surface with the outer wall of the conical head 43, so that the bottom of the inner shovel body 91 forms a complete conical body outer wall with the outer wall of the conical head 43 while completely sealing the sampling port 10, thereby avoiding uneven outer wall to cause the threaded drill bit 4 to receive greater resistance during drilling.

[0082] The cross sections of the inner shovel body 91 and the outer shovel body 92 are arc-shaped, and the corresponding center axes of the inner shovel body 91, the outer shovel body 92 and the connecting column 41 coincide.

[0083] The distance from the outer wall of the outer shovel body 92 to the corresponding center axis 51 is greater than the distance from the inner wall of the inner shovel body 91 to the corresponding center axis 51, and the capacity of the outer shovel body 92 is greater than the capacity of the inner shovel body 91, so the corresponding shovel body is selected according to the corresponding sampling amount.

[0084] The bottom end position of the outer shovel body 92 is higher than the bottom end position of the threaded drill bit 4, the outer shovel body 92 is arranged at the periphery of the threaded drill bit 4, and the height position of the outer shovel body 92 can be arranged flush with the threaded protrusion 42 or arranged higher than the threaded protrusion 42. When the height position of the outer shovel body 92 is flush with the threaded protrusion 42, the outer shovel body 92 can be gradually inserted into the soil under the action of pressure during the process of pressing the sampling pressure tank 1 and driving the threaded drill bit 4. In this case, the outer shovel body 92 functions to avoid excessive soil overflow during the drilling process of the threaded drill bit 4, to avoid sampling a certain amount of soil, and to protect the threaded protrusion 42. In addition, when the sampling head is converted from the threaded drill bit 4 to the outer shovel body 92, only a short distance needs to be lowered, and the outer shovel body 92 extends out of the front end of the threaded drill bit 4.

[0085] In order to realize the exchange of the threaded drill bit 4 and the outer shovel body 92, the present application is designed as follows, Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the sampling pressure tank 1 is fixedly installed with a fixed shaft seat 13, the bottom of the fixed shaft seat 13 is connected and installed with a bottom boss 14, the top of the fixed shaft seat 13 is connected and installed with a top barrel seat 15, the side of the bottom barrel seat 15 is provided with an inclined slide 16, and the inclined slide 16 is arranged inclined downward.

[0086] As shown, Figure 4As shown, the shaft driving piece 2 comprises a driving shaft column 21, a first transmission gear 22 connected to the driving shaft column 21, the driving shaft column 21 penetrates through the bottom boss 14, the fixed shaft seat 13 and the top barrel seat 15, the first transmission gear 22 is supported at the top end of the top barrel seat 15, the outer wall of the driving shaft column 21 away from the bottom boss 14 is provided with a first external thread, the sampling ballast 1 is provided with a first driving motor, the output end of the first driving motor is connected with a first driving gear 23, the first driving gear 23 and the first transmission gear 22 are engaged.

[0087] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 The up-down assembly 3 comprises a threaded barrel 31 and a sliding seat 32 slidingly arranged on the inclined slide 16, the inner wall of the threaded barrel 31 is matched with the first external thread, a first horizontal groove 33 is formed in the threaded barrel 31 along the horizontal direction, a second horizontal groove 34 is formed in the sliding seat 32 along the horizontal direction, a limiting shaft 35 is penetratingly arranged in the first horizontal groove 33 and the second horizontal groove 34, and the limiting shaft 35 is slidingly connected with the inner wall of the first horizontal groove 33 and the inner wall of the second horizontal groove 34.

[0088] The first external thread is divided into two sections, the thread directions of the two sections are opposite, when the driving shaft column 21 rotates, the threads of the two sections rotate, in the initial state, the threaded barrel 31 is located at the position close to the top end of the driving shaft column 21, the threaded barrel 31 is gradually moved downward, and the sliding seat 32 is gradually moved downward through the limiting shaft 35, thereby driving the sliding seat 32 to slide downward along the inclined slide 16.

[0089] The outer shovel body 92 is connected with a mounting shaft 19, the top end of the mounting shaft 19 is connected to the bottom of the sliding seat 32, and in the process of sliding the sliding seat 32 downward, the outer shovel body 92 is also gradually moved downward.

[0090] In order to make the threaded drill bit 4 move upward while the driving shaft column 21 rotates, so that the outer shovel body 92 is farther away from the threaded drill bit 4, the application also makes the following design, as shown in the figure, Figure 7 The inner wall of the lower lifting barrel 7 is provided with an internal thread matched with the first external thread, and the bottom inner wall of the lower lifting barrel 7 is provided with an upper protruding block 17 and a lower protruding block 18.

[0091] The driving shaft piece 5 comprises a central shaft 51 connected with the threaded drill bit 4 and a second transmission gear 52 connected to the top end of the central shaft 51, an axial groove 24 is formed in the driving shaft column 21, the central shaft 51 is slidingly connected with the inner wall of the axial groove 24, the sampling ballast 1 is provided with a second driving motor, the output end of the second driving motor is connected with a second driving gear 53, the second driving gear 53 and the second transmission gear 52 are engaged, the outer wall of the central shaft 51 is provided with a clamping ring 54 clamped between the upper protruding block 17 and the lower protruding block 18, and the thickness of the clamping ring 54 is consistent with the distance between the upper protruding block 17 and the lower protruding block 18.

[0092] The driving shaft column 21 rotates, the threads of the lower section can drive the lower lifting cylinder 7 to rise, thereby rising through the upper and lower protrusions 17 and 18, driving the clamping ring 54 to rise, driving the central shaft 51 to rise through the clamping ring 54, thereby driving the threaded drill bit 4 to rise, the outer shovel body 92 to descend, and the outer shovel body 92 to gradually extend below the threaded drill bit 4. After the activity, the outer shovel body 92 can be used to shovel the soil for sampling.

[0093] In order to avoid the driving shaft column 21 from directly driving the lower lifting cylinder 7 to rotate, a limiting block can be arranged on the side wall of the mounting shaft 19 close to the lower lifting cylinder 7, and a vertical limiting groove is arranged in the outer wall of the lower lifting cylinder 7, and the limiting block slides in the limiting groove. In this case, the driving shaft column 21 must drive the lower lifting cylinder 7 to rise and fall during rotation.

[0094] In addition, in the above embodiment, the second driving motor drives the second driving gear 53 to rotate, thereby driving the central shaft 51 to rotate, and driving the threaded drill bit 4 to rotate.

[0095] In order to drive the threaded drill bit 4 and the inner shovel body 91 to rotate, the present application is provided with a transmission shaft 6, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5 The transmission shaft 6 includes a threaded top column 64 connected to the top end of the inner shovel body 91, a transmission shaft column 61 threadedly connected to the top end of the threaded top column 64, and a third transmission gear 62 arranged at the top end of the transmission shaft column 61. The sampling pressure tank 1 is provided with a third driving motor, and the output end of the third driving motor is connected with a third driving gear 63, which is engaged with the third transmission gear 62.

[0096] The third driving motor drives the third driving gear 63 to rotate, thereby driving the third transmission gear 62 to rotate, and driving the transmission shaft column 61 to rotate. Under the driving of the transmission shaft column 61, the threaded top column 64 gradually descends, thereby driving the inner shovel body 91 to descend and gradually extend out of the threaded drill bit 4.

[0097] Since the inner shovel body 91 is suitable for a small amount of soil sampling, only part of the inner shovel body 91 needs to extend out of the threaded drill bit 4. When the sampling starts, part of the inner shovel body 91 is still placed in the threaded drill bit 4.

[0098] In order to facilitate the application of downward pressure, a downward handle can be arranged on the side of the sampling pressure tank 1, or a foot pedal can be arranged.

[0099] In summary, the specific implementation process of the present application is as follows:

[0100] Select the corresponding sampling area so that the threaded drill bit 4 vertically faces the area and is partially inserted into the soil to collect hardness data. According to the data, different sampling heads are selected: the auger bit 4, the outer shovel body 92, and the inner shovel body 91.

[0101] As shown in Figure 1 When the threaded drill bit 4 needs to be used for sampling:

[0102] Pressure is applied to the sampling ballast 1 through the handle or foot pedal, and the whole structure is pressed downward;

[0103] The second drive motor is driven, the second drive gear 53 drives the second transmission gear 52 to rotate, thereby driving the central shaft 51 to rotate, and driving the threaded drill bit 4 to rotate, and the threaded drill bit 4 gradually embeds into the soil;

[0104] At the same time, the third drive motor is driven, the third drive gear 63 drives the third transmission gear 62 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission shaft column 61 to rotate, and under the driving of the transmission shaft column 61, the threaded top column 64 gradually rises, thereby driving the inner spade body 91 to rise, and the sampling port 10 is in an open state, and in the process of gradually moving downward, the soil is collected into the sampling cavity 8 from the sampling port 10.

[0105] As shown in Figure 3 When the outer spade body 92 needs to be used for sampling:

[0106] The first drive motor is driven, the first drive gear 23 drives the first transmission gear 22 to rotate, thereby driving the drive shaft column 21 to rotate, and the threaded cylinder 31 gradually moves downward, and gradually moves downward through the limiting shaft 35, thereby driving the sliding seat 32 to slide downward along the inclined sliding frame 16, and the outer spade body 92 gradually moves downward;

[0107] The lower lifting cylinder 7 rises, the central shaft 51 rises through the clamping ring 54, thereby driving the threaded drill bit 4 to rise, the threaded drill bit 4 rises, the outer spade body 92 descends, and the outer spade body 92 gradually extends below the inclined threaded drill bit 4;

[0108] Pressure is applied to the sampling ballast 1 through the handle or foot pedal, and the outer spade body 92 is pressed downward, and the soil is sampled by using the outer spade body 92.

[0109] As shown in Figure 2 When the inner spade body 91 needs to be used for sampling:

[0110] The third drive motor is driven, the third drive gear 63 drives the third transmission gear 62 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission shaft column 61 to rotate, and under the driving of the transmission shaft column 61, the threaded top column 64 gradually descends, thereby driving the inner spade body 91 to descend, and gradually extending out of the threaded drill bit 4;

[0111] Pressure is applied to the sampling ballast 1 through the handle or foot pedal, and the inner spade body 91 is pressed downward, and the soil is sampled by using the inner spade body 91.

[0112] The above examples are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent replacements to the present application within the spirit and protection scope of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent replacements are also considered to fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A surface matrix sampling device with an automatic sampling head switching mechanism, characterized in that, have: The sampling ballast chamber (1) has a vertically arranged shaft drive component (2) installed at its bottom. The shaft drive component (2) extends at least partially into the sampling ballast chamber (1). The shaft drive component (2) has an upper lifting assembly (3) and a lower lifting cylinder (7) arranged in sequence along the vertical direction. The shaft drive component (2) rotates to drive the upper lifting assembly (3) and the lower lifting cylinder (7) to move up and down simultaneously. The direction of movement of the upper lifting assembly (3) is opposite to the direction of movement of the lower lifting cylinder (7). A threaded drill bit (4) is installed at the bottom of the lower lifting cylinder. A drive shaft (5) is connected to the top of the threaded drill bit. The drive shaft (5) passes through the shaft drive (2) and extends to the sampling chamber (1). The drive shaft (5) rotates to drive the threaded drill bit (4) to rotate. A sampling chamber (8) is provided inside the threaded drill bit (4). A sampling port (10) is opened on the inner wall of the bottom of the threaded drill bit (4). The sampling port (10) is directly opposite the sampling chamber (8). The combined shovel body (9) is composed of an inner shovel body (91) and an outer shovel body (92). The inner shovel body (91) is disposed in the sampling chamber (8). The bottom of the inner shovel body (91) fits with the sampling port (10). The top of the inner shovel body (91) is connected to a transmission shaft (6). The transmission shaft (6) passes through the drive shaft (5). The transmission shaft (6) rotates to adjust the relative position of the thread drill bit (4) and the inner shovel body (91). The outer shovel body (92) is mounted on the lifting assembly (3), and the outer shovel body (92) at least partially surrounds the periphery of the thread drill bit (4). Among them, one of the threaded drill bit (4), the inner shovel body (91), and the outer shovel body (92) automatically extends to the foremost end for sampling; The front end of the threaded drill bit (4) is equipped with several sampling contacts (11), and stress sensors (12) are installed on the sampling contacts (11). The sampling chamber (1) is fixedly installed with a fixed shaft seat (13), a bottom boss (14) is connected to the bottom of the fixed shaft seat (13), a top cylinder seat (15) is connected to the top of the fixed shaft seat (13), and an inclined slide (16) is provided on the side of the bottom cylinder seat (15). The inclined slide (16) is inclined downward. The shaft drive component (2) includes a drive shaft (21) and a first transmission gear (22) connected to the drive shaft (21). The drive shaft (21) passes through the bottom boss (14), the fixed shaft (13) and the top cylinder (15). The bottom of the first transmission gear (22) is supported at the top of the top cylinder (15). The drive shaft (21) is provided with a first external thread on the outer wall away from the bottom boss (14). The sampling chamber (1) is equipped with a first drive motor, and the output end of the first drive motor is connected to a first drive gear (23), which meshes with the first transmission gear (22).

2. The automatic sampling head switching surface matrix sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The threaded drill bit (4) consists of a connecting post (41), a threaded protrusion (42), and a conical head (43); The threaded protrusion (42) is mounted on the outside of the connecting post (41), and the conical head (43) is connected to the bottom of the connecting post (41); The connecting column (41) and the cone-shaped head (43) are hollow structures, and the internal space forms the sampling cavity (8).

3. The automatic sampling head switching surface matrix sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the connecting post (41) forms at least a hollow shaft section (44), and the threaded protrusion (42) is mounted on the connecting post (41) in an area away from the hollow shaft section (44).

4. The automatic sampling head switching surface matrix sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sampling port (10) is located on the outer wall of the cone head (43), and the bottom of the inner shovel (91) forms a smooth curved surface with the outer wall of the cone head (43); The inner shovel (91) and the outer shovel (92) both have arc-shaped cross-sections, and the central axis positions of the inner shovel (91), the outer shovel (92) and the connecting column (41) coincide.

5. The automatic sampling head switching surface matrix sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (3) includes a threaded cylinder (31) and a slide block (32) slidably disposed on the inclined slide (16). The inner wall of the threaded cylinder (31) mates with the first external thread; The threaded cylinder (31) has a first horizontal groove (33) in the horizontal direction, and the slide block (32) has a second horizontal groove (34) in the horizontal direction. A limiting shaft (35) is provided through the first horizontal groove (33) and the second horizontal groove (34). The limiting shaft (35) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first horizontal groove (33) and the inner wall of the second horizontal groove (34).

6. The automatic sampling head switching surface matrix sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the lower lifting cylinder (7) is provided with an internal thread, which is engaged with the first external thread; The lower lifting cylinder (7) has an upper protrusion (17) and a lower protrusion (18) on its bottom inner wall. The drive shaft (5) includes a central shaft (51) connected to the threaded drill bit (4) and a second transmission gear (52) connected to the top of the central shaft (51). An axial groove (24) is provided in the drive shaft column (21), and the central shaft (51) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the axial groove (24). A second drive motor is provided in the sampling chamber (1), and a second drive gear (53) is connected to the output end of the second drive motor. The second drive gear (53) and the second transmission gear (52) mesh. The outer wall of the central shaft (51) is provided with a snap ring (54), which snaps between the upper protrusion (17) and the lower protrusion (18). The thickness of the snap ring (54) is consistent with the distance between the upper protrusion (17) and the lower protrusion (18).

7. The automatic sampling head switching surface matrix sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, An installation shaft (19) is connected to the outer shovel body (92), and the top end of the installation shaft (19) is connected to the bottom of the slide block (32).

8. The automatic sampling head switching surface matrix sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmission shaft (6) includes a threaded top post (64) connected to the top of the inner shovel body (91), a transmission shaft post (61) threaded to the top of the threaded top post (64), and a third transmission gear (62) disposed at the top of the transmission shaft post (61). The sampling chamber (1) is equipped with a third drive motor, and the output end of the third drive motor is connected to a third drive gear (63). The third drive gear (63) and the third transmission gear (62) mesh.

9. The automatic sampling head switching surface matrix sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance from the outer wall of the outer shovel (92) to the corresponding central axis (51) is greater than the distance from the inner wall of the inner shovel (91) to the corresponding central axis (51); The bottom of the outer shovel body (92) is higher than the bottom of the threaded drill bit (4).

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