Five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation motorized spindle

Abstract

The application discloses a five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension motorized spindle, and belongs to the field of motor body design. The five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension motorized spindle comprises a rotor system and a stator system. The rotor system mainly comprises a spindle axis, a sensor detection ring, a radial magnetic suspension bearing rotor assembly, a motor rotor assembly and a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension bearing rotor assembly. The stator system mainly comprises a radial displacement sensor, a radial magnetic suspension bearing stator assembly, a motor stator assembly, a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension bearing stator assembly and an axial displacement sensor. The five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension motorized spindle is supported by a hybrid magnetic suspension bearing, and uniform distribution of radial electromagnetic force is realized under the premise of low cost. The three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension bearing adopts a novel double-permanent-magnet configuration, and the problems of magnetic leakage and small electromagnetic bearing force and large magnetic leakage of a traditional magnetic suspension bearing are optimized. The design reduces the power consumption of the motorized spindle system, enhances the bearing carrying capacity stiffness, and improves the reliability and efficiency of the magnetic suspension motorized spindle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor body design, and in particular to a five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation electric spindle. It adopts a novel magnetic levitation bearing support technology, which avoids friction and wear caused by mechanical bearings, improves the working speed and radial support stiffness of the electric spindle, improves the performance of the electric spindle, and can actively control vibration problems during milling. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed electric spindles, compared to traditional machine tool spindles, eliminate the need for additional transmission devices and offer advantages such as compact structure, high speed, low noise, and high energy efficiency, attracting significant attention and research in recent years. Bearings, as a key component of electric spindles, affect the spindle's rigidity and rotational accuracy. Compared to traditional mechanical bearings, magnetic levitation bearings offer advantages such as longer lifespan, higher speed, no need for lubrication, and active vibration control, thus gaining importance in the machine tool spindle industry. Electric spindles supported by active magnetic levitation bearings rely entirely on the magnetic field generated by electromagnetic coils for spindle support. In milling and grinding processes, high current leads to overheating of the electric spindle. Furthermore, at low speeds or during startup, the stability of the electromagnetic support is insufficient, and bearing rubbing can damage spindle accuracy and stability. While using existing permanent magnet bias bearings to support machine tool spindles can reduce spindle power consumption and heat generation, existing permanent magnet bias bearings have lower flexibility in adjusting levitation force and rigidity, and magnetic field leakage problems can also affect spindle rotational accuracy. In addition, the load-bearing capacity of magnetic levitation bearings is lower than that of mechanical bearings, limiting machining efficiency. To meet the high-speed and high-precision requirements of machine tool processing and to improve the rigidity and reliability of electric spindles, it is necessary to develop a low-power, high-efficiency, stable and high-load-bearing magnetic levitation electric spindle system.

[0003] The magnetic levitation electric spindle support system consists of radial and axial magnetic levitation bearings. To optimize the performance and reliability of the electric spindle, magnetic levitation bearings with different structures have been developed for use in magnetic levitation electric spindles. The authorized invention patent CN102921971B describes a five-degree-of-freedom CNC machine tool high-speed magnetic levitation electric spindle, which utilizes two identical three-degree-of-freedom AC / DC hybrid magnetic levitation bearings to support the machine tool spindle. It has a simple structure and low power consumption. Although the dual-thrust disk structure strengthens its axial stiffness, its application is limited by its relatively small radial load under conditions with high radial loads, such as milling and grinding. The authorized invention patent CN105864293B describes an integrated five-degree-of-freedom magnetic levitation electric spindle, which integrates the axial and radial magnetic levitation bearings of the machine tool spindle with the motor, making its structure more compact, enhancing core utilization, and increasing system output power. However, its complex magnetic circuit system may lead to magnetic circuit coupling and overheating. The short and stubby spindle is prone to vibration under high cutting loads, affecting machining stability. The invention patent application CN113199040A describes a pure air-cooled, high-speed, high-precision, high-power, miniaturized magnetic levitation electric spindle. It uses two radial magnetic levitation bearings and one axial magnetic levitation bearing to control the stable levitation of the machine tool spindle. To reduce the heat generated by the magnetic levitation bearings during operation, a stator finned heat sink is used to cool the electric spindle. However, the low radial load stiffness of the magnetic bearings limits the application of the electric spindle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation electric spindle with high radial and axial load capacity, simple structure, low power consumption, and high reliability.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is a five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation electric spindle, mainly composed of a rotor system and a stator system. The rotor system mainly includes: a spindle shaft, a front sensor detection ring, a radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor pressure plate, a radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A, a radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic isolation ring, a radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B, a radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor L-shaped pressure block, a motor permanent magnet, a permanent magnet mounting ring, a motor rotor sheath, a motor rotor pressure plate, a rear sensor detection ring, a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic isolation ring A, a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial guide ring, a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic isolation ring B, and a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing first permanent magnet. The components include: a first permanent magnet sheath, a magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate, and a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing axial displacement monitoring screw; the stator system mainly includes an axial eddy current displacement sensor, a rear protective bearing, a rear protective bearing support, an axial magnetic levitation bearing stator, an axial magnetic levitation bearing coil, an axial magnetic levitation bearing stator pole, a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing second permanent magnet, a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing radial stator pole, a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing radial stator pressure plate, a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing radial stator coil, a rear radial eddy current displacement sensor pressure plate, and a rear... Radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket, rear radial eddy current displacement sensor, three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block, motor stator coil, motor stator, motor heat dissipation device, motor stator bracket, right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator, right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator pressure block, radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet, left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator pressure block, left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator, radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle, radial magnetic levitation bearing stator L-shaped pressure block, front radial eddy current displacement sensor, front radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket, front protective bearing support, front protective bearing, electric spindle front The spindle housing includes end caps and an electric spindle housing. The spindle shaft connects to the machine tool shank. Components located radially outward at its left end include: a front sensor detection ring, a radial magnetic bearing rotor pressure plate, a radial magnetic bearing magnetic guide ring, a radial magnetic bearing magnetic isolation ring, and a radial magnetic bearing rotor L-shaped pressure block. The front sensor detection ring, radial magnetic bearing rotor pressure plate, radial magnetic bearing magnetic guide ring A, radial magnetic bearing magnetic isolation ring, and radial magnetic bearing magnetic guide ring B are interference-fitted onto the radial magnetic bearing rotor L-shaped pressure block, forming the radial magnetic bearing rotor assembly. The radial magnetic bearing rotor L-shaped pressure block is interference-fitted onto the radially outward left end of the spindle shaft, while the front sensor detection ring is directly interference-fitted onto the spindle shaft, pressing against the radial magnetic bearing rotor assembly.The permanent magnet of the motor, the permanent magnet mounting collar, and the motor rotor sleeve are located radially outward from the center of the main shaft. The permanent magnet is attached to the permanent magnet mounting collar and pressed tightly by the motor rotor sleeve. The permanent magnet mounting collar installs the permanent magnet and the motor rotor sleeve onto the main shaft via an interference fit. The motor rotor pressure plate is located at the right end of the permanent magnet mounting collar and the motor rotor sleeve, and is installed on the main shaft via an interference fit, pressing the permanent magnet mounting collar and the motor rotor sleeve tightly. The rear sensor detection ring is located at the right end of the motor rotor pressure plate and is installed radially outward from the right side of the main shaft via an interference fit. The three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic isolation ring A The radial magnetic guide ring, radial magnetic isolation ring B, first permanent magnet, first permanent magnet sleeve, and magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing are located on the right radial outer side of the main shaft axis. The radial magnetic isolation ring A, radial magnetic guide ring, and radial magnetic isolation ring B of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing are installed on the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate by interference fit. The first permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing is pasted in the radial outer groove of the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate and pressed by the first permanent magnet sleeve. The magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate is installed on the right radially outer side of the main shaft through an interference fit; the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing axial displacement monitoring screw is installed on the right axial end of the main shaft through a bolt fit; the axial eddy current displacement sensor is located at the right end of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing axial displacement monitoring screw and is used to detect vibration displacement; the rear protective bearing is located at the left end of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing axial displacement monitoring screw and at the right radial end of the main shaft; the rear protective bearing is installed on the rear protective bearing support and is fixed to the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator by bolt connection; the axial magnetic levitation bearing coil is wound in the groove of the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator and pressed by the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator magnetic pole; the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator and the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator magnetic pole are respectively distributed at the axial right end and axial left end of the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate;The second permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing is located at the left end of the stator magnetic pole of the axial magnetic levitation bearing. The radial stator magnetic pole and the radial stator pressure plate of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing are located at the left end of the second permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing. The radial stator coil of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing is wound on the radial stator magnetic pole of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing. The rear radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket is mounted on the pressure plate of the rear radial eddy current displacement sensor. The rear radial eddy current displacement sensor is mounted on the rear radial eddy current displacement sensor through a hinge hole. On the bracket, the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator, the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator poles, the second permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, the radial stator pressure plate of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, and the rear radial eddy current displacement sensor pressure plate are mounted on the L-shaped pressure block of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing through an interference fit; the motor stator coil is wound on the motor stator, which is located radially outside the motor rotor sheath and mounted on the motor heat dissipation device, which is mounted on the motor stator bracket; the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator is located radially outside the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic ring B and is connected to the ring through the ring. Epoxy resin is used to install the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block. The radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet is located at the axial left end of the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block. The left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block is located at the axial left end of the radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet. The left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator is located radially outside the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic ring A and is installed on the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block using epoxy resin. The radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle presses against the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block and the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator, and is installed on the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator L-shaped block by interference fit. (Front radial...) The eddy current displacement sensor is located radially outside the front sensor detection ring and is mounted on the front radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket via a hinge hole. The front radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket is located radially inside the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle and is mounted on the front protective bearing support using epoxy resin. The front protective bearing is mounted radially inside the front protective bearing support. The electric spindle front end cover is bolted to the front protective bearing support mounted on the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle. The three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block, the motor stator bracket, and the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator L-shaped pressure block are fixed to the electric spindle housing.

[0006] Furthermore, the front sensor detection ring, the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor pressure plate, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic isolation ring, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B, and the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor L-shaped pressure block together constitute the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor assembly; the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator, the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator pressure block, the radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet, the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator pressure block, the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator, the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle, and the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator L-shaped pressure block constitute the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator assembly; both the right and left radial magnetic levitation bearing stators adopt a four-pole magnetic levitation bearing structure, and the phase difference between the two stator magnetic poles is 45°.

[0007] Furthermore, the bias magnetic flux circuit of the radial magnetic levitation bearing is as follows: the radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet, the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block, the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A, the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor L-shaped block, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B, the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator, the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block, and the radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet; the control magnetic flux circuit of the left radial magnetic levitation bearing is as follows: the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A, and the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator; the control magnetic flux circuit of the right radial magnetic levitation bearing is as follows: the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B, and the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator.

[0008] Furthermore, the front sensor detection ring, the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor pressure plate, and the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic isolation ring are made of brass; the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B, the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor L-shaped pressure block, the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator, and the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator are made of silicon steel sheet; and the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator pressure block and the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator pressure block are made of DT4C material.

[0009] Furthermore, the permanent magnet of the motor adopts a bipolar structure and is made of neodymium iron boron alloy. The permanent magnet mounting ring and the motor rotor sheath are both made of TC-4 material.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotor assembly of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing consists of a rear sensor detection ring, a radial magnetic isolation ring A of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, a radial magnetic guide ring of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, a radial magnetic isolation ring B of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, a first permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, a first permanent magnet sheath, a magnetic levitation bearing thrust disk, and an axial displacement monitoring screw of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing; an axial eddy current displacement sensor, an axial magnetic levitation bearing stator, and an axial magnetic levitation... The three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing stator assembly is composed of the bearing coil, the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator pole, the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing second permanent magnet, the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing radial stator pole, the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing radial stator coil, the rear radial eddy current displacement sensor pressure plate, the rear radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket, the rear radial eddy current displacement sensor, and the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block.

[0011] Furthermore, the first circuit of the bias magnetic flux of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing consists of: the second permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, the radial stator pressure plate of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, the radial stator magnetic pole of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, the radial magnetic guide ring of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, the thrust disk of the magnetic levitation bearing, the first permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, the thrust disk of the magnetic levitation bearing, the stator magnetic pole of the axial magnetic levitation bearing, and the second permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing; The second bias magnetic flux circuit of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing consists of: the second permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing, the radial stator pressure plate of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing, the radial stator magnetic pole of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing, the radial magnetic guide ring of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing, the thrust disk of the magnetic levitation bearing, the first permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing, the thrust disk of the magnetic levitation bearing, the stator of the axial magnetic levitation bearing, the stator magnetic pole of the axial magnetic levitation bearing, and the second permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing.

[0012] Furthermore, the radial control magnetic flux circuit of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing consists of: the radial stator magnetic pole of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, the radial magnetic guide ring of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, the radial stator pressure plate of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, and the radial stator magnetic pole of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing; furthermore, the axial control magnetic flux of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing consists of: the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator, the magnetic levitation bearing thrust disk, the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator magnetic pole, and the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator.

[0013] Furthermore, the rear sensor detection ring, the radial magnetic isolation ring A of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, the radial magnetic isolation ring B of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, and the axial displacement monitoring screw of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing are made of brass; the radial magnetic guide ring and the radial stator magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing are made of silicon steel sheet; the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing are made of neodymium iron boron; and the thrust disk of the magnetic levitation bearing, the stator of the axial magnetic levitation bearing, and the stator magnet of the axial magnetic levitation bearing are made of DT4C material.

[0014] The advantages of this invention compared with the prior art are as follows: (1) Both the radial and axial magnetic levitation bearings adopt a hybrid magnetic levitation bearing configuration. Under the zero-load operation of the spindle, the radial suspension of the spindle does not require a control system, thus solving the problem of insufficient support stability of the spindle during startup. (2) The right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator and the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator near the cutting area adopt a 4-pole configuration. The two magnetic bearing stators are arranged with a phase difference of 45°, which can generate a more uniform force distribution in the radial direction. Compared with the traditional 8-pole magnetic bearing, the two independent 4-pole bearings are simpler to manufacture and assemble, more cost-effective, and help to better dissipate heat, thereby reducing the heat conduction on the shaft. (3) In the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing, a permanent magnet ring is added in the groove of the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate. This permanent magnet can optimize the bias magnetic circuit and increase the axial and radial bias magnetic flux, thereby strengthening its load-bearing capacity. In addition, it reduces the magnetic circuit coupling between the electromagnetic and permanent magnet. The stiffness and reliability of the magnetic levitation bearing are further improved. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation electric spindle, which is the technical solution of this invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor system of the technical solution of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing system of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 (a) Comparison of permanent magnet circuits with and without a first permanent magnet in the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 (b) Comparison of radial air gap magnetic flux density distribution curves of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing with and without the first permanent magnet in the technical solution of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the radial magnetic levitation bearing system according to the technical solution of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, a five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation electric spindle mainly consists of a rotor system and a stator system. The rotor system mainly includes: spindle shaft 1, front sensor detection ring 2, radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor pressure plate 3, radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A4, radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic isolation ring 5, radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B6, radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor L-shaped pressure block 7, motor permanent magnet 8, permanent magnet mounting collar 9, motor rotor sheath 10, motor rotor pressure plate 11, rear sensor detection ring 12, three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic isolation ring A13, three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial guide ring 14, and three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic isolation ring B15. The three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing includes a first permanent magnet 16, a first permanent magnet sleeve 17, a magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18, and a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing axial displacement monitoring screw 19. The stator system mainly includes an axial eddy current displacement sensor 20, a rear protective bearing 21, a rear protective bearing support 22, an axial magnetic levitation bearing stator 23, an axial magnetic levitation bearing coil 24, an axial magnetic levitation bearing stator pole 25, a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing second permanent magnet 26, a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial stator pole 27, and a three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing... 28. Radial stator pressure plate; 29. ​​Radial stator coil of three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing; 30. Rear radial eddy current displacement sensor pressure plate; 31. Rear radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket; 32. Rear radial eddy current displacement sensor; 33. L-shaped pressure block of three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing; 34. Motor stator coil; 35. Motor stator; 36. Motor heat dissipation device; 37. Motor stator bracket; 38. Right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator; 39. Right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator pressure block; 40. Radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet; 41. Left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator pressure block; 42. Left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator. The components include: radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle 43, radial magnetic levitation bearing stator L-shaped pressure block 44, front radial eddy current displacement sensor 45, front radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket 46, front protective bearing support 47, front protective bearing 48, electric spindle front end cover 49, and electric spindle housing 50; the spindle shaft 1 is used to connect the machine tool tool holder, and the components located on its left radially outer side are: front sensor detection ring 2, radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor pressure plate 3, radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A4, radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic isolation ring 5, radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B6, and radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor L-shaped pressure block 7;Among them, the front sensor detection ring 2, the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor pressure plate 3, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A4, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic isolation ring 5, and the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B6 are installed on the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor L-shaped pressure block 7 by interference fit, forming the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor assembly. The radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor L-shaped clamping block 7 is installed radially outward at the left end of the main spindle shaft 1 via an interference fit, while the front sensor detection ring 2 is directly installed on the main spindle shaft 1 via an interference fit, pressing the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor assembly; the motor permanent magnet 8, permanent magnet mounting collar 9, and motor rotor sleeve 10 are located radially outward at the middle of the main spindle shaft 1. The motor permanent magnet 8 is attached to the permanent magnet mounting collar 9 and pressed by the motor rotor sleeve 10. The permanent magnet mounting collar 9 installs the motor permanent magnet 8 and the motor rotor sleeve 10 on the main spindle shaft 1 via an interference fit. The motor rotor clamping plate 11 is located at the right end of the permanent magnet mounting collar 9 and the motor rotor sleeve 10, and is installed on the main spindle shaft 1 via an interference fit, pressing the permanent magnet mounting collar 9 and the motor rotor sleeve 10; the rear sensor detection ring 12 is located at the right end of the motor rotor clamping plate 11, and... The three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic isolation ring A13, radial magnetic guide ring 14, radial magnetic isolation ring B15, first permanent magnet 16, first permanent magnet sleeve 17, and magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18 are located on the right radial outer side of the main spindle shaft 1. The three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic isolation ring A13, radial magnetic guide ring 14, and radial magnetic isolation ring B15 are installed on the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18 by interference fit. The three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing first permanent magnet 16 is pasted in the radial outer groove of the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18 and pressed by the first permanent magnet sleeve 17. The magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18 is installed on the right radial outer side of the main shaft 1 by interference fit; the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing axial displacement monitoring screw 19 is installed on the right axial end of the main shaft 1 by bolt fit; the axial eddy current displacement sensor 20 is located at the right end of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing axial displacement monitoring screw 19 and is used to detect vibration displacement; the rear protection bearing 21 is located at the left end of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing axial displacement monitoring screw 19 and at the right radial end of the main shaft 1; the rear protection bearing 21 is installed on the rear protection bearing support 22 and is fixed to the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator 23 by bolt connection; the axial magnetic levitation bearing coil 24 is wound in the groove of the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator 23 and pressed by the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator magnetic pole 25; the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator 23 and the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator magnetic pole 25 are respectively distributed at the axial right end and axial left end of the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18;The second permanent magnet 26 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing is located at the left end of the stator magnetic pole 25 of the axial magnetic levitation bearing. The radial stator magnetic pole 27 and the radial stator pressure plate 28 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing are located at the left end of the second permanent magnet 26. The radial stator coil 29 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing is wound on the radial stator magnetic pole 27. The rear radial eddy current displacement sensor pressure plate 30 is equipped with a rear radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket 31. The rear radial eddy current displacement sensor 32 is mounted on the rear radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket 31 through a hinge hole. The axial magnetic levitation bearing stator 23, the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator pole 25, the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing second permanent magnet 26, the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial stator pressure plate 28, and the rear radial eddy current displacement sensor pressure plate 30 are mounted on the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block 33 by interference fit; the motor stator coil 34 is wound on the motor stator 35, the motor stator 35 is located radially outside the motor rotor sheath 10, and is mounted on the motor heat dissipation device 36, which is mounted on the motor stator bracket 37; the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator 38 is located radially outside the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B6, and is mounted on the right radial magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block 33 by epoxy resin. The resin adhesive is installed on the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block 39. The radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet 40 is located at the axial left end of the right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block 39. The left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block 41 is located at the axial left end of the radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet 40. The left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator 42 is located radially outside the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A4 and is installed on the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block 41 with epoxy resin adhesive. The radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle 43 presses the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block 41 and the left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator 42 tightly and is installed on the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator L-shaped block 44 with an interference fit. Front radial eddy current position The displacement sensor 45 is located radially outside the front sensor detection ring 2 and is mounted on the front radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket 46 through a hinge hole. The front radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket 46 is located radially inside the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle 43 and is mounted on the front protective bearing support 47 with epoxy resin. The front protective bearing 48 is mounted radially inside the front protective bearing support 47. The electric spindle front end cover 49 is bolted to mount the front protective bearing support 47 onto the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle 43. The three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block 33, the motor stator bracket 37, and the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator L-shaped pressure block 44 are fixed on the electric spindle housing 50.

[0022] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the rotor system of the technical solution of the present invention; the left radial end of the spindle shaft 1 is used to connect to the machine tool spindle; the front sensor detection ring 2, the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor pressure plate 3, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A4, the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic isolation ring 5, and the radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B6 are installed on the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor L-shaped pressure block 7 by interference fit, forming the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor assembly; the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor L-shaped pressure block 7 is installed on the radially outer side of the left end of the spindle shaft 1 by interference fit, while the front... The sensor detection ring 2 is directly mounted on the main spindle shaft 1 via an interference fit, and presses against the radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor assembly. The motor permanent magnet 8, the permanent magnet mounting ring 9, and the motor rotor sleeve 10 are located radially outside the center of the main spindle shaft 1. The motor permanent magnet 8 is attached to the permanent magnet mounting ring 9 and pressed against the motor rotor sleeve 10. The permanent magnet mounting ring 9 mounts the motor permanent magnet 8 and the motor rotor sleeve 10 onto the main spindle shaft 1 via an interference fit. The motor rotor pressure plate 11 is located between the permanent magnet mounting ring 9 and the motor rotor sleeve 10. The right end of sleeve 10 is installed on the main shaft 1 by interference fit, and presses the permanent magnet mounting ring 9 and the motor rotor sleeve 10 together; the rear sensor detection ring 12 is located at the right end of the motor rotor pressure plate 11, and is installed on the right radially outer side of the main shaft 1 by interference fit; the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic isolation ring A13, the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic guide ring 14, the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic isolation ring B15, and the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing first permanent magnet 16. The first permanent magnet sleeve 17 and the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18 are located on the right radially outer side of the main shaft 1. The radial magnetic isolation ring A13, the radial magnetic guide ring 14, and the radial magnetic isolation ring B15 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing are installed on the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18 by interference fit. The first permanent magnet 16 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing is attached to the radially outer groove of the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18 and pressed by the first permanent magnet sleeve 17. The magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18 is installed on the right radially outer side of the main shaft 1 by interference fit; the axial displacement monitoring screw 19 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing is installed on the right axial end of the main shaft 1 by bolt fit.

[0023] Figure 3This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing system according to the technical solution of the present invention. It controls the radial two-degree-of-freedom translation and axial one-degree-of-freedom movement of the main shaft. The first bias magnetic flux loop of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing consists of: a second permanent magnet 26, a radial stator pressure plate 28, a radial stator magnetic pole 27, a radial magnetic guide ring 14, a thrust disk 18, a first permanent magnet 16, a thrust disk 18, and an axial stator magnetic pole 25. The second permanent magnet 26 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing; the second bias magnetic flux circuit of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing is: the second permanent magnet 26 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing, the radial stator pressure plate 28 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing, the radial stator magnetic pole 27 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing, the radial magnetic guide ring 14 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing, the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18, the first permanent magnet 16 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing, the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate 18, the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator 23, the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator magnetic pole 25, and the second permanent magnet 26 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing.

[0024] Figure 4 (a) Comparison of permanent magnet circuits with and without a first permanent magnet in the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing of the present invention; After adding a permanent magnet ring, the magnetic field density of the thrust disk 18 of the magnetic levitation bearing is significantly improved in the radial magnetic guide ring 14, the thrust disk 18, the stator 23, the stator pole 25, and the radial stator pole 27 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing.

[0025] Figure 4 (b) Comparison of radial air gap magnetic flux density distribution curves for the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing with and without the first permanent magnet in the technical solution of the present invention; a path is taken at the midpoint of the air gap between the radial magnetic ring 14 and the radial stator magnetic pole 27 of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing, and labeled ① and ② respectively. The air gap magnetic flux density of the technical solution of the present invention is significantly greater than that of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing with the first permanent magnet, and it also has a larger flat-top width of the air gap magnetic flux density.

[0026] Figure 5This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the radial magnetic levitation bearing system according to the technical solution of the present invention. The radial magnetic levitation bearing controls the radial two-degree-of-freedom translation of the main shaft. Its bias magnetic flux circuit is: radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet 40, left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block 41, left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator 42, radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A4, radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor L-shaped block 7, radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B6, right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator 38, right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator block 39, and radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet 40. The control magnetic flux circuit of the left radial magnetic levitation bearing is: left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator 42, radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A4, and left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator 42. The control magnetic flux circuit of the right radial magnetic levitation bearing is: right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator 38, radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B6, and right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator 38.

[0027] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation electric spindle, mainly composed of a rotor system and a stator system, characterized in that: The rotor system mainly includes: main shaft (1), front sensor detection ring (2), radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor pressure plate (3), radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A (4), radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic isolation ring (5), radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B (6), radial magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block (7), motor permanent magnet (8), permanent magnet mounting ring (9), motor rotor sheath (10), motor rotor pressure plate (11), rear sensor detection ring (12), three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic isolation ring A (13), three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial guide ring (14), three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial magnetic isolation ring B (15). The three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing includes: first permanent magnet (16), first permanent magnet sleeve (17), magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate (18), and three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing axial displacement monitoring screw (19). The stator system mainly includes: axial eddy current displacement sensor (20), rear protective bearing (21), rear protective bearing support (22), axial magnetic levitation bearing stator (23), axial magnetic levitation bearing coil (24), axial magnetic levitation bearing stator magnetic pole (25), three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing second permanent magnet (26), three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial stator magnetic pole (27), and three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial... Stator pressure plate (28), three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing radial stator coil (29), rear radial eddy current displacement sensor pressure plate (30), rear radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket (31), rear radial eddy current displacement sensor (32), three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block (33), motor stator coil (34), motor stator (35), motor heat dissipation device (36), motor stator bracket (37), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (38), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator pressure block (39), radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet (40), left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator pressure block (41), left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (42), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (43), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (44), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (45), left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (46), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (47), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (48), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator pressure block (49), radial magnetic levitation bearing permanent magnet (40), left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (41), left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (42), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (43), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (44), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (45), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (46), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (47), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (48), right radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (49), left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (40), left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (41), left radial magnetic levitation bearing stator (42 ... 2) Radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle (43), radial magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block (44), front radial eddy current displacement sensor (45), front radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket (46), front protective bearing support (47), front protective bearing (48), electric spindle front end cover (49) and electric spindle housing (50); the spindle shaft (1) is used to connect the machine tool tool holder, and the components located on its left radially outer side are: front sensor detection ring (2), radial magnetic levitation bearing rotor pressure plate (3), radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring A (4), radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic isolation ring (5), radial magnetic levitation bearing magnetic guide ring B (6) and radial magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block (7);Among them, the radial magnetic bearing rotor pressure plate (3), the radial magnetic bearing magnetic guide ring A (4), the radial magnetic bearing magnetic isolation ring (5), and the radial magnetic bearing magnetic guide ring B (6) are installed on the radial magnetic bearing L-shaped pressure block (7) by interference fit, forming the radial magnetic bearing rotor assembly; the radial magnetic bearing L-shaped pressure block (7) is installed on the radial outer side of the left end of the main shaft (1) by interference fit, while the front sensor detection ring (2) is directly installed on the main shaft (1) by interference fit and presses the radial magnetic bearing rotor assembly; the motor permanent magnet (8), the permanent magnet mounting ring (9), and the motor rotor sleeve (10) are located on the main shaft. On the radially outer side of the center (1), the permanent magnet (8) of the motor is attached to the permanent magnet mounting ring (9) and pressed by the motor rotor sleeve (10). The permanent magnet mounting ring (9) is used to install the permanent magnet (8) and the motor rotor sleeve (10) on the main shaft center (1) through an interference fit. The motor rotor pressure plate (11) is located at the right end of the permanent magnet mounting ring (9) and the motor rotor sleeve (10), and is installed on the main shaft center (1) through an interference fit, pressing the permanent magnet mounting ring (9) and the motor rotor sleeve (10) together. The rear sensor detection ring (12) is located at the right end of the motor rotor pressure plate (11) and is installed on the main shaft center (1) through an interference fit. On the right radial outer side of the main shaft (1), the radial magnetic isolation ring A (13), the radial magnetic guide ring (14), the radial magnetic isolation ring B (15), the first permanent magnet (16), the first permanent magnet sleeve (17), and the magnetic levitation bearing thrust disk (18) of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing are located on the right radial outer side of the main shaft (1). The radial magnetic isolation ring A (13), the radial magnetic guide ring (14), and the radial magnetic isolation ring B (15) of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing are connected by an interference fit. The first permanent magnet (16) of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing is attached to the radial outer groove of the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate (18) and pressed by the first permanent magnet sleeve (17); the magnetic levitation bearing thrust plate (18) is installed on the right radial outer side of the main shaft (1) by interference fit; the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing axial displacement monitoring screw (19) is installed on the right axial end of the main shaft (1) by bolt fit; the axial eddy current displacement sensor (20) is located at the right end of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing axial displacement monitoring screw (19) and is used to detect its vibration displacement;The rear protective bearing (21) is located at the left end of the axial displacement monitoring screw (19) of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing and at the right radial end of the main shaft (1). The rear protective bearing (21) is mounted on the rear protective bearing support (22) and fixed to the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator (23) by bolt connection. The axial magnetic levitation bearing coil (24) is wound in the groove of the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator (23) and pressed by the magnetic pole (25) of the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator. The floating bearing stator (23) and the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator poles (25) are respectively distributed at the right and left ends of the magnetic levitation bearing thrust disk (18); the second permanent magnet (26) of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing is located at the left end of the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator pole (25), and the radial stator pole (27) and the radial stator pressure plate (28) of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation bearing are located at the left end of the second permanent magnet (26). The radial stator coil (29) of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing is wound on the radial stator magnetic pole (27) of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing. The rear radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket (31) is mounted on the rear radial eddy current displacement sensor pressure plate (30). The rear radial eddy current displacement sensor (32) is mounted on the rear radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket (31) through a hinge hole. The axial magnetic levitation bearing stator (23), the axial magnetic levitation bearing stator magnetic pole (25), and the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing are all present. The second permanent magnet of the bearing (26), the radial stator pressure plate of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing (28), and the rear radial eddy current displacement sensor pressure plate (30) are mounted on the L-shaped pressure block (33) of the three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing by interference fit; the motor stator coil (34) is wound on the motor stator (35), the motor stator (35) is located on the radial outside of the motor rotor sheath (10), and is mounted on the motor heat dissipation device (36), which is mounted on the motor stator bracket (37);The right radial magnetic bearing stator (38) is located radially outside the radial magnetic bearing guide ring B (6) and is mounted on the right radial magnetic bearing stator pressure block (39) with epoxy resin. The radial magnetic bearing permanent magnet (40) is located at the axial left end of the right radial magnetic bearing stator pressure block (39). The left radial magnetic bearing stator pressure block (41) is located at the axial left end of the radial magnetic bearing permanent magnet (40). The left radial magnetic bearing stator (42) is located radially outside the radial magnetic bearing guide ring A (4) and is mounted on the left radial magnetic bearing stator pressure block (41) with epoxy resin. The radial magnetic bearing stator baffle (43) presses the left radial magnetic bearing stator pressure block (41) and the left radial magnetic bearing stator (42) together and is mounted on the radial magnetic bearing shaft with an interference fit. On the L-shaped pressure block (44), the front radial eddy current displacement sensor (45) is located on the radial outer side of the front sensor detection ring (2) and is mounted on the front radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket (46) through a hinge hole. The front radial eddy current displacement sensor bracket (46) is located on the radial inner side of the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle (43) and is mounted on the front protective bearing support (47) through epoxy resin. The front protective bearing (48) is mounted on the radial inner side of the front protective bearing support (47). The front end cover (49) of the electric spindle is bolted to install the front protective bearing support (47) on the radial magnetic levitation bearing stator baffle (43). The three-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet bias magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block (33), the motor stator support (37), and the radial magnetic levitation bearing L-shaped pressure block (44) are fixed on the electric spindle housing (50).

2. The five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased magnetic levitation electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial magnetic bearing rotor pressure plate (3), radial magnetic bearing magnetic guide ring A (4), radial magnetic bearing magnetic isolation ring (5), radial magnetic bearing magnetic guide ring B (6), and radial magnetic bearing L-shaped pressure block (7) together constitute the radial magnetic bearing rotor assembly; the right radial magnetic bearing stator (38), right radial magnetic bearing stator pressure block (39), radial magnetic bearing permanent magnet (40), left radial magnetic bearing stator pressure block (41), left radial magnetic bearing stator (42), radial magnetic bearing stator baffle (43), and radial magnetic bearing L-shaped pressure block (44) constitute the radial magnetic bearing stator assembly; the right radial magnetic bearing stator (38) and the left radial magnetic bearing stator (42) both adopt a four-pole magnetic bearing structure, and the phase difference between the two stator magnetic poles is 45°.

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