An oil-containing and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of waste residue treatment, and specifically relates to an oil-containing and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production. The system consists of: a pretreatment unit, a membrane separation unit, an advanced oxidation unit, a biological treatment unit, an intelligent control system, and a resource recovery unit. The beneficial effects of the present invention are that by combining multiple technologies such as physical separation, membrane technology, advanced oxidation, and biological treatment, the system can efficiently treat oil-containing and water-containing waste residues, improving the treatment speed and efficiency; the technologies adopted by the system perform excellently in reducing the emission of harmful substances, helping to reduce the impact on the environment and meeting modern environmental protection standards; through the resource recovery unit, the system can recover valuable oil and water resources, realizing recycling and reducing resource waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste residue treatment, and particularly to an oily and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical production, the treatment of oily and water-containing waste residue has always been a challenge. Existing technologies usually adopt physical separation methods such as gravity separation, flotation, and flocculation, or biological treatment methods such as anaerobic digestion and aerobic treatment.

[0003] In related technologies, traditional gravity separation technology is difficult to treat high-concentration oil-water mixtures and is easily affected by emulsions, resulting in poor separation effects. Although flotation technology can improve separation efficiency, its treatment effect on stable emulsions is limited. Flocculation treatment requires the use of a large amount of chemical agents, which not only increases the treatment cost but may also cause secondary pollution to the environment. For this reason, we propose an oily and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this background art section is only used to understand the background art of the inventive concept, and therefore, it may include information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an oily and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production to solve the problems proposed in the above background art that traditional gravity separation technology is difficult to treat high-concentration oil-water mixtures and is easily affected by emulsions, resulting in poor separation effects. Although flotation technology can improve separation efficiency, its treatment effect on stable emulsions is limited. Flocculation treatment requires the use of a large amount of chemical agents, which not only increases the treatment cost but may also cause secondary pollution to the environment.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an oily and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production, and the system is composed as follows:

[0007] Pretreatment unit: Using advanced physical separation technology, adopting improved air flotation equipment and high-efficiency oil-water separators to quickly remove part of the oil and solid particles in the waste residue and reduce the subsequent treatment burden;

[0008] Membrane separation unit: Adopting a nano-composite membrane to deeply purify the pretreated wastewater and effectively separate micro-emulsified oil droplets and other tiny suspended solids;

[0009] Advanced oxidation unit: Combining ultraviolet / ozone and Fenton reaction to completely destroy the organic pollutants in the wastewater and improve the water quality;

[0010] Biological treatment unit: Utilize microbial communities to biodegrade refractory organic matter in a bioreactor, further improving water quality;

[0011] Intelligent control system: Integrate a sensor network and real-time monitoring software to automatically adjust the treatment process and ensure the efficient and stable operation of the system;

[0012] Resource recovery unit: A special device is set up to recover valuable oil and water resources from the treated wastewater, realizing circular utilization.

[0013] As an optimized technical solution, the improved air flotation equipment includes the following components:

[0014] Gas generator: Generate microbubbles, using compressed air or natural gas. The gas passes through one or more generators, which can adopt gas diffusers or nozzles, and is injected into the wastewater;

[0015] Contact chamber: Used for mixing wastewater and bubbles. The bubbles attach to the surface of oil droplets. The contact chamber is designed to ensure sufficient mixing and contact to improve the combination efficiency of bubbles and oil droplets;

[0016] Separation chamber: Used for the aggregates formed by bubbles and oil droplets to float to the water surface and form an oil layer. The space of the separation chamber is relatively spacious compared to the contact chamber to reduce eddies and turbulence and ensure an effective floating process;

[0017] Oil skimmer: Used to collect the floating oil layer from the water surface. The oil skimmer can be fixed or mobile, and is selected according to the system design and requirements.

[0018] As an optimized technical solution, the structure of the membrane separation unit is as follows:

[0019] Membrane module: Can adopt plate-and-frame, hollow fiber, spiral wound and tubular types. The design of each type aims to provide the maximum membrane area to achieve high permeation flux;

[0020] Nanocomposite membrane: The nanocomposite membrane has a specific pore size, usually at the nanometer level, which can effectively block microemulsified oil droplets and other fine suspended solids, while allowing water molecules to pass through.

[0021] As an optimized technical solution, the advanced oxidation unit includes the following components:

[0022] Ultraviolet / ozone generator: Generate ultraviolet and ozone for initiating the advanced oxidation process. The ultraviolet lamp and ozone generator are installed on the upper part or side of the reactor;

[0023] Fenton reactor: A specially designed container for mixing wastewater, iron salts (such as ferrous sulfate) and hydrogen peroxide to carry out the Fenton reaction;

[0024] Oxidation control system: monitors and adjusts the intensity of ultraviolet light, ozone concentration, and the dosages of ferric salts and hydrogen peroxide to optimize the reaction conditions.

[0025] As an optimized technical solution, the structure of the biological treatment unit includes the following parts:

[0026] Bioreactor: can be one of a stirred tank, packed bed, fluidized bed, moving bed, semi-fluidized bed, inverted fluidized bed, sludge bed / sludge blanket, and downflow fixed-film bioreactor, aiming to provide the maximum surface area to promote the growth of microorganisms and the degradation of organic matter;

[0027] Microbial community: specially selected microorganisms that can biodegrade refractory organic matter in the reactor. These microorganisms can be aerobic or anaerobic, depending on the requirements of the treatment process;

[0028] Biological reaction control system: monitors and adjusts the environmental conditions in the reactor, including temperature, pH value, and dissolved oxygen level, to optimize the activity and degradation efficiency of microorganisms.

[0029] As an optimized technical solution, the structure of the intelligent control system includes the following parts:

[0030] Sensor network: includes temperature, humidity, pressure, and flow sensors for detecting material parameters, as well as vibration, sound, and image sensors for monitoring the equipment status;

[0031] Actuators: include motors, valves, and switches for adjusting physical processes according to control signals;

[0032] Controller: can be one of a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), DCS (Distributed Control System), or computer-based control system, used to implement algorithms and logical decisions.

[0033] As an optimized technical solution, the structure of the resource recovery unit includes the following parts:

[0034] Collection device: used to collect grease and water resources from the treated wastewater;

[0035] Separation system: includes filters or centrifuges for separating grease and water;

[0036] Storage containers: used to temporarily store the recovered grease and water resources for further treatment or recycling.

[0037] As an optimized technical solution, the real-time monitoring software includes a software architecture, which includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a user interface, and a communication module. The key functions of the real-time monitoring software include real-time data display, historical data storage and query, alarm management, user operation records, and remote monitoring.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] By combining multiple technologies such as physical separation, membrane technology, advanced oxidation, and biological treatment, the system can efficiently process oil-containing and water-containing waste residues, improving the processing speed and efficiency; the technologies adopted by the system are excellent in reducing harmful substance emissions, helping to reduce the impact on the environment and meeting modern environmental protection standards; through the resource recovery unit, the system can recover valuable oil and water resources, realizing circular utilization and reducing resource waste; the integrated intelligent control system can monitor and adjust the processing process in real time to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the system and reduce human operation errors; the high efficiency and resource recovery ability of the system contribute to reducing operating costs and improving economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 is a system connection block diagram of an oil-containing and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is a bar chart of the treatment efficiency of each unit of an oil-containing and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is a broken line chart of the internal flow rate of each unit of an oil-containing and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0043] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described. It should be noted that, on the premise of no conflict, the following-described embodiments or technical features can be arbitrarily combined with each other to form new embodiments.

[0044] It should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] Embodiment 1:

[0047] An oily and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production in this embodiment is composed as follows:

[0048] Pretreatment unit: Utilizing advanced physical separation technologies, an improved air flotation device and an efficient oil-water separator are adopted to quickly remove some oil components and solid particles in the waste residue, reducing the subsequent treatment burden;

[0049] Membrane separation unit: A nano-composite membrane is used to deeply purify the pretreated wastewater, effectively separating micro-emulsified oil droplets and other tiny suspended solids;

[0050] Advanced oxidation unit: Combining ultraviolet / ozone and Fenton reaction to thoroughly destroy the organic pollutants in the wastewater and improve the water quality;

[0051] Biological treatment unit: Using a microbial community to biodegrade the refractory organic matter in a bioreactor to further improve the water quality;

[0052] Intelligent control system: Integrating a sensor network and real-time monitoring software to automatically adjust the treatment process to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the system;

[0053] Resource recovery unit: A dedicated device is set up to recover valuable grease and water resources from the treated wastewater to achieve recycling.

[0054] As an optimized technical solution, the improved air flotation device includes the following components:

[0055] Gas generator: Generating tiny bubbles, using compressed air or natural gas, the gas passes through one or more generators, and the generators can adopt gas diffusers or nozzles and be injected into the wastewater;

[0056] Contact chamber: Used for mixing the wastewater with the bubbles, the bubbles attach to the surface of the oil droplets, and the design of the contact chamber should ensure sufficient mixing and contact to improve the binding efficiency of the bubbles and the oil droplets;

[0057] Separation chamber: It is used for the aggregates formed by bubbles and oil droplets to float to the water surface to form an oil layer. The space of the separation chamber is relatively spacious compared to the contact chamber to reduce eddies and turbulence and ensure an effective floating process;

[0058] Oil skimmer: It is used to collect the floating oil layer from the water surface. The oil skimmer can be fixed or mobile and is selected according to the system design and requirements;

[0059] The upward floating speed (v) of the oil droplets can be estimated by Stokes' law:

[0060]

[0061] where g is the acceleration due to gravity, ρ o and ρ w are the densities of the oil droplets and water respectively, r is the radius of the oil droplets, and μ is the dynamic viscosity of the medium;

[0062] The separation efficiency (E) can be calculated by the following formula:

[0063]

[0064] where t is the time for the oil droplets to float upward and h is the height of the settling tank.

[0065] As an optimized technical solution, the structure of the membrane separation unit is as follows:

[0066] Membrane module: It can adopt plate-and-frame, hollow fiber, spiral wound, and tubular types. The design of each type aims to provide the maximum membrane area to achieve a high permeate flux;

[0067] Nanocomposite membrane: The nanocomposite membrane has a specific pore size, usually at the nanometer level, which can effectively block microemulsified oil droplets and other tiny suspended solids while allowing water molecules to pass through;

[0068] Working process: The pretreated wastewater first enters the membrane separation unit; by applying pressure, water molecules pass through the membrane pores while larger microemulsified oil droplets and suspended solids are intercepted, thus achieving separation; the permeate formed by water molecules is collected, and the intercepted oil droplets and suspended solids form a concentrate, which can be further treated or recycled;

[0069] The rejection efficiency (R) can be calculated by the following formula:

[0070]

[0071] where C p is the concentration of pollutants in the permeate, and C f is the concentration of pollutants in the feed liquid.

[0072] As an optimized technical solution, the advanced oxidation unit includes the following components:

[0073] UV / Ozone Generator: Produces UV and ozone to start the advanced oxidation process. The UV lamp and ozone generator are installed on the top or side of the reactor;

[0074] Fenton reactor: is a specially designed container used to mix wastewater, iron salts (such as ferrous sulfate) and hydrogen peroxide to carry out the Fenton reaction;

[0075] Oxidation control system: monitors and adjusts UV intensity, ozone concentration, iron salt and hydrogen peroxide dosage to optimize reaction conditions;

[0076] The working process is as follows: the wastewater first enters the Fenton reactor, where iron salts and hydrogen peroxide are mixed to produce hydroxyl radicals; then, the ultraviolet light and ozone generated by the UV / ozone generator react with the organic pollutants in the wastewater to further produce hydroxyl radicals; these hydroxyl radicals are very active and can destroy the chemical structure of organic pollutants, thereby purifying the water quality;

[0077] The simplified expression of the Fenton reaction can be expressed as:

[0078] Fe 2+ +H2O2→Fe 3+ + OH+OH -

[0079] In the UV / ozone process, the reaction of ozone decomposition to generate hydroxyl radicals can be expressed as:

[0080] O3+hv→O2+·O

[0081] ·O+H2O→2·OH

[0082] Here, hv represents ultraviolet photons.

[0083] In this embodiment, the structure of the biological treatment unit includes the following parts:

[0084] Bioreactor: can be one of stirred tank, packed bed, fluidized bed, moving bed, semi-fluidized bed, inverted fluidized bed, sludge blanket / sludge blanket and downward fixed film bioreactor, designed to provide maximum surface area to promote the growth of microorganisms and the degradation of organic matter;

[0085] Microbial community: specially selected microorganisms capable of biodegrading recalcitrant organic matter in the reactor, which can be aerobic or anaerobic, depending on the needs of the treatment process;

[0086] Biological reaction control system: monitors and regulates the environmental conditions in the reactor, including temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen level, to optimize the activity and degradation efficiency of microorganisms;

[0087] The working process is as follows:

[0088] Aerobic treatment: Under aerobic conditions, microorganisms decompose organic waste through their normal cell processes, which usually involves facilities such as oxidation ponds, aeration tanks, aerobic bioreactors, activated sludge, and biological filters;

[0089] Anaerobic treatment: Under anaerobic conditions, microorganisms convert organic matter into methane and carbon dioxide, and this process usually takes place in anaerobic bioreactors and anaerobic ponds.

[0090] Example 2:

[0091] In this embodiment, the structure of the intelligent control system includes the following parts:

[0092] Sensor network: includes temperature, humidity, pressure, and flow sensors for detecting material parameters, as well as vibration, sound, and image sensors for monitoring the equipment status;

[0093] Actuators: include motors, valves, and switches for adjusting physical processes according to control signals;

[0094] Controller: can adopt one of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), DCS (Distributed Control System), or a computer-based control system, for implementing algorithms and logical decisions.

[0095] Specifically, the structure of the resource recovery unit includes the following parts:

[0096] Collection device: used to collect grease and water resources from the treated wastewater;

[0097] Separation system: includes filters or centrifuges for separating grease and water;

[0098] Storage containers: used to temporarily store the recovered grease and water resources for further treatment or recycling;

[0099] The control system can be represented by the transfer function (G(s)):

[0100]

[0101] Where K is the gain, τ is the time constant, and s is the complex variable in the Laplace transform;

[0102] The real-time monitoring software includes a software architecture, which consists of a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a user interface, and a communication module. The key functions of the real-time monitoring software include real-time data display, historical data storage and query, alarm management, user operation recording, and remote monitoring;

[0103] The efficiency (E) of centrifugal separation can be expressed by the following formula:

[0104]

[0105] where v is the rising or falling speed of the oil droplet, t is the time, and r is the centrifugal radius.

[0106] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention accordingly. Those skilled in the art make various combinations, modifications, or equivalent replacements to the technical solutions of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and shall all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil-containing and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production, characterized in that, The system consists of the following: Pretreatment unit: Using advanced physical separation technologies, an improved air flotation device and a high-efficiency oil-water separator are adopted to quickly remove some oil and solid particles from the waste residue, reducing the subsequent treatment burden; Membrane separation unit: A nano-composite membrane is used to deeply purify the pretreated wastewater, effectively separating micro-emulsified oil droplets and other tiny suspended solids; Advanced oxidation unit: Combining ultraviolet / ozone and Fenton reaction to completely destroy the organic pollutants in the wastewater and improve the water quality; Biological treatment unit: Using a microbial community to biodegrade the refractory organic matter in a bioreactor, further improving the water quality; Intelligent control system: Integrating a sensor network and real-time monitoring software to automatically adjust the treatment process and ensure the efficient and stable operation of the system; Resource recovery unit: Special devices are set up to recover valuable oil and water resources from the treated wastewater, realizing recycling; The improved air flotation device includes the following components: Gas generator: Generates tiny bubbles, using compressed air or natural gas. The gas passes through one or more generators, and the generators use gas diffusers or nozzles to inject into the wastewater; Contact chamber: Used for mixing the wastewater with the bubbles. The bubbles attach to the surface of the oil droplets. The contact chamber is designed to ensure sufficient mixing and contact to improve the combination efficiency of the bubbles and the oil droplets; Separation chamber: Used for the aggregates formed by the bubbles and the oil droplets to float to the water surface to form an oil layer. The space of the separation chamber is relatively spacious compared with that of the contact chamber to reduce eddies and turbulence and ensure an effective floating process; Oil skimmer: Used to collect the floating oil layer from the water surface. The oil skimmer can be fixed or mobile, and is selected according to the system design and requirements; The rising velocity (v) of the oil droplets is estimated by Stokes' law: wherein, is the acceleration due to gravity, and are the densities of the oil droplet and water respectively, is the radius of the oil droplet, is the dynamic viscosity of the medium; The separation efficiency (E) is calculated by the following formula: Among them, is the time for the oil droplets to float upward, is the height of the settling tank; The structure of the membrane separation unit is as follows: Membrane module: Adopting plate-and-frame, hollow fiber, spiral wound and tubular types. The design of each type aims to provide the maximum membrane area to achieve a high permeate flux; Nano-composite membrane: The nano-composite membrane has a specific pore size, usually in the nanometer range, which can effectively block micro-emulsified oil droplets and other tiny suspended solids while allowing water molecules to pass through; Working process: The pretreated wastewater first enters the membrane separation unit; by applying pressure, water molecules pass through the membrane pores, while the larger micro-emulsified oil droplets and suspended solids are intercepted, thus realizing separation; the permeate formed by the water molecules is collected, and the intercepted oil droplets and suspended solids form a concentrate, which can be further treated or recycled; The rejection efficiency (R) is calculated by the following formula: Among them, is the concentration of pollutants in the penetrant, is the concentration of pollutants in the feed liquid; The advanced oxidation unit includes the following components: Ultraviolet / ozone generator: Generates ultraviolet and ozone for initiating the advanced oxidation process. The ultraviolet lamp and ozone generator are installed on the upper part or side of the reactor; Fenton reactor: A specially designed container for mixing wastewater, iron salt and hydrogen peroxide to carry out the Fenton reaction; Oxidation control system: Monitors and adjusts the ultraviolet intensity, ozone concentration, dosing amounts of iron salt and hydrogen peroxide to optimize the reaction conditions; The working process is as follows: the wastewater first enters the Fenton reactor, where iron salts and hydrogen peroxide are mixed to produce hydroxyl radicals; then, the ultraviolet light and ozone generated by the UV / ozone generator react with the organic pollutants in the wastewater to further produce hydroxyl radicals; these hydroxyl radicals are very active and can destroy the chemical structure of organic pollutants, thereby purifying the water quality; The simplified expression of the Fenton reaction is: In the UV / ozone process, the reaction of ozone decomposition to generate hydroxyl radicals is expressed as: Among them, represents an ultraviolet photon; The structure of the intelligent control system includes the following parts: Sensor network: including temperature, humidity, pressure, and flow sensors for detecting material parameters, as well as vibration, sound, and image sensors for monitoring equipment status; Actuators: These include motors, valves, and switches that regulate physical processes based on control signals; Controller: This can be a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), DCS (Distributed Control System), or a computer-based control system to implement algorithms and logical decisions; The control system is represented by the transfer function (G(s)): Among them, is the gain, is the time constant, is the complex variable in the Laplace transform; The structure of the resource recovery unit includes the following parts: Collection device: used to collect grease and water resources from treated wastewater; Separation systems: including filters or centrifuges for separating grease and water; Storage container: used to temporarily store recovered grease and water resources for further processing or recycling.

2. The oil-containing and water-containing waste residue treatment system for mechanical production according to claim 1, wherein: The structure of the biological treatment unit includes the following parts: Bioreactor: can be one of stirred tank, packed bed, fluidized bed, moving bed, semi-fluidized bed, inverted fluidized bed, sludge blanket / sludge blanket and downward fixed film bioreactor, designed to provide maximum surface area to promote the growth of microorganisms and the degradation of organic matter; Microbial community: specially selected microorganisms capable of biodegrading recalcitrant organic matter in the reactor, which can be aerobic or anaerobic, depending on the needs of the treatment process; Bioreactor control system: monitors and regulates environmental conditions within the reactor, including temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen levels, to optimize microbial activity and degradation efficiency.

3. A waste treatment system for oil-containing and water-containing waste in mechanical production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time monitoring software includes a software architecture, which includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a user interface and a communication module. The key functions of the real-time monitoring software include real-time data display, historical data storage and query, alarm management, user operation records and remote monitoring.

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