A sodium-ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of sodium ion batteries. The sodium ion battery positive electrode material has a core-shell structure, the inner core is a layered oxide with an O3 phase structure, and the shell is a layered oxide with a P2 phase structure; the layered oxide with the O3 phase structure has a chemical formula of Na x Ni a Fe b Mn c M d O2, wherein M is a doping element other than Ni, Fe and Mn; 0.8<=x<=1.05, 0 y Ni e Mn f N g O2, wherein N is a doping element other than Ni and Mn; 0.45<=y<=0.85, 0

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of sodium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of global economy, the demand for energy is growing. However, traditional fossil fuel energy resources are limited, and a large amount of pollutants are generated during use, causing serious environmental impact. Therefore, finding a clean, efficient and renewable energy source has become the common pursuit of countries around the world. At present, lithium ion batteries are the most common battery type and are widely used in mobile electronic devices, electric vehicles and other fields. However, lithium ion batteries have some limitations, such as limited lithium resources, high price, potential risks to the environment, etc. Therefore, finding a battery material to replace lithium has become the focus of researchers.

[0003] Compared with lithium resources, sodium resources are more abundant and relatively lower in price. Sodium ion batteries use sodium ions to store and release electrical energy through intercalation and deintercalation between the positive and negative electrodes, so using sodium as the positive and negative electrode material of the battery has potential advantages. In recent years, research and development of sodium ion batteries has made a series of important progress. Researchers have improved the cycle stability, energy density and other performance indicators of sodium ion batteries by optimizing electrolyte, electrode material and other key technologies. At the same time, some international well-known companies and research institutions have also invested in the research and commercialization of sodium ion batteries, accelerating the development of sodium ion batteries. As a potential alternative to lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries have important application prospects and development potential.

[0004] Sodium ion batteries can be classified according to different classification standards. The most common classification method is to classify according to the positive electrode material, which can be divided into oxide, polyanion and prussian blue, and the oxide can be divided into layered structure oxide and tunnel structure oxide. Layered oxide is the earliest studied one type of intercalation compound, which has the characteristics of high energy density and easy to prepare, according to the coordination configuration of sodium ion and the stacking mode of oxygen in the layered oxide, it can be roughly divided into O3 phase positive electrode material and P2 phase positive electrode material. O3 phase refers to the sodium ion and transition metal oxide octahedron share the edge to form NaO6 octahedron, and the sodium ion is inserted between the oxygen layers to store and release electric energy; while P2 phase refers to the sodium ion transition metal oxide octahedron shares the edge or shares the surface on the upper and lower sides to form NaO6 prism, and the sodium ion is intercalated and deintercalated therein. As the positive electrode material of sodium ion battery, the layered oxides with these two structures have their own advantages: O3 phase positive electrode material has higher initial Na content, can release more sodium ions, and has higher capacity. The initial Na content of P2 phase positive electrode material is lower, which naturally makes the capacity lower than that of O3 phase positive electrode material; P2 phase positive electrode material has larger Na interlayer spacing, which can improve the transmission rate of sodium ion and maintain the integrity of the layered structure, and has excellent rate performance and cycle performance, while O3 phase may have structural collapse and other problems during long-term cycle use, resulting in poor cycle stability of the battery. The reason why the cycle performance of O3 phase positive electrode material is poor compared with that of P2 phase positive electrode material is the structure, so it is of great significance to develop a low-cost, high-capacity, high-cycle performance and high-rate performance sodium ion battery positive electrode material by combining the two materials. SUMMARY

[0005] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the poor cycle performance of O3 phase layered oxide material in the prior art sodium ion battery.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance and a preparation method and application thereof, which overcomes the low cycle performance of O3 phase layered oxide material in the prior art sodium ion battery by optimizing the structural stability of O3 phase layered oxide positive electrode material, thereby obtaining a sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance.

[0007] The first object of the present application is to provide a sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance, which has a core-shell structure, the inner core is an O3 phase structure layered oxide, and the outer shell is a P2 phase structure layered oxide; the positive electrode material coated with P2 phase on O3 phase makes up for the disadvantage that the structure of O3 phase structure collapses after repeated deintercalation of sodium ion, causing the cycle performance to decrease, while taking advantage of the high initial capacity of O3 phase material.

[0008] The chemical formula of the O3 phase structure of the layered oxide is Na x Ni a Fe b Mn c M d O2, wherein M is a doping element other than Ni, Fe, and Mn; 0.8≤x≤1.05, 0

[0009] The chemical formula of the P2 phase structure of the layered oxide is Na y Ni e Mn f N g O2, wherein N is a doping element other than Ni and Mn; 0.45≤y≤0.85, 0

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the M is selected from one or more of Ca, Zn, Cu, Mg, Al, W, Nb, Sb, Zr, and V.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, the N is selected from one or more of Fe, Ca, Zn, Cu, Mg, Al, W, Nb, Sb, Zr, and V.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, the mass ratio of the O3 type structure of the layered oxide in the sodium ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance is m1, and 80%≤m1<100%; the mass ratio of the P2 type structure of the layered oxide is m2, and 0%<m2≤20%.

[0013] A second object of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the sodium ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1, ball milling a nickel-iron-manganese precursor, a M source, and a sodium source A, and calcining at 800-1100 DEG C for 5-15 hours to obtain an O3 phase structure of a layered oxide;

[0015] S2, adding the O3 phase structure of the layered oxide and a carbonate in S1 to a mixed powder of a nickel-manganese precursor, a N source, and a sodium source B, and calcining at 800-1100 DEG C for 5-15 hours to form a P2 phase structure of a layered oxide on the surface layer of the O3 phase structure of the layered oxide, thereby obtaining the sodium ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, in S1, the nickel-iron-manganese precursor is selected from one or more of nickel-iron-manganese carbonates, nickel-iron-manganese hydroxides and nickel-iron-manganese oxides; the M source is selected from one or more of M oxides, M hydroxides, M carbonates, M fluorides, M sulfates and M phosphates; the sodium source A is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, in S1, the rotation speed of the ball mill is 250 r / min-400 r / min, and the time is 3 h-5 h.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, in S2, the N source is selected from one or more of N oxides, N hydroxides, N carbonates, N fluorides, N sulfates and N phosphates; the nickel-manganese precursor is selected from one or more of nickel-manganese carbonates, nickel-manganese hydroxides and nickel-manganese oxides; the sodium source B is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, in S2, the carbonate is selected from one or more of calcium carbonate, aluminum carbonate, magnesium carbonate and zinc carbonate; the addition amount of the carbonate is 1.0 wt%-3.0 wt% of the total amount.

[0020] A third object of the present application is to provide a sodium-ion battery positive electrode prepared from the sodium-ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present application, the sodium-ion battery positive electrode comprises the sodium-ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance, a conductive agent and a binder.

[0022] Further, the conductive agent is selected from one or more of carbon nanotubes, acetylene black, carbon black, carbon fibers and graphene.

[0023] Preferably, the conductive agent is acetylene black.

[0024] Preferably, the amount of the conductive agent is ≤10wt%. It can be 0.01wt%-10wt%, 1wt%-10wt%, 2wt%-10wt%, 3wt%-10wt%, 4wt%-10wt%, 5wt%-10wt%, 6wt%-10wt%, 7wt%-10wt%, 8wt%-10wt%, 9wt%-10wt%; 0.01wt%, 0.5wt%, 1wt%, 1.5wt%, 2wt%, 2.5wt%, 3wt%, 3.5wt%, 4wt%, 4.5wt%, 5wt%, 5.5wt%, 6wt%, 6.5wt%, 7wt%, 7.5wt%, 8wt%, 8.5wt%, 9wt%, 9.5wt%, 10wt%; or any concentration value between any two numerical values.

[0025] Further, the binder is one or more of asphalt, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR).

[0026] Preferably, the binder is selected from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).

[0027] Preferably, the amount of the conductive agent is ≤10wt%. It can be 0.01wt%-10wt%, 1wt%-10wt%, 2wt%-10wt%, 3wt%-10wt%, 4wt%-10wt%, 5wt%-10wt%, 6wt%-10wt%, 7wt%-10wt%, 8wt%-10wt%, 9wt%-10wt%; 0.01wt%, 0.5wt%, 1wt%, 1.5wt%, 2wt%, 2.5wt%, 3wt%, 3.5wt%, 4wt%, 4.5wt%, 5wt%, 5.5wt%, 6wt%, 6.5wt%, 7wt%, 7.5wt%, 8wt%, 8.5wt%, 9wt%, 9.5wt%, 10wt%; or any concentration value between any two numerical values.

[0028] A fourth object of the present application is to provide a sodium ion battery, the positive electrode of which is prepared from the sodium ion battery positive electrode.

[0029] The technical solution of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0030] (1) The preparation method of the present application can prepare a low-cost sodium ion battery positive electrode material with P2 phase coated O3 phase by mixing and coating different structures of sodium ion battery positive electrode materials, which can effectively improve the cycle stability of the positive electrode material and thus improve the service life of the sodium ion battery.

[0031] (2) The preparation method of the application can make the uncalcined P2 layered oxide and carbonate coated on the surface of the finished product of the layered oxide with O3 phase structure through mixing and grinding, and can make the combination of the two structures more closely and obtain better structural stability under high-temperature calcination by using the fluxing effect of carbonate.

[0032] (3) The preparation method of the application has simple process, convenient operation, no pollution in production process, is friendly to the environment, all steps have mature industrialization scheme, can be produced on a large scale, is not doped with noble metal, has low raw material cost, stable performance of finished product, and has higher cost performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to make the content of the application more easily understood, the application will be further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the application and in combination with the drawings, in which:

[0034] Figure 1 Structure schematic diagram of the sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance of the application;

[0035] Figure 2 Cycle curve diagram of the button cell of Test Example 1 of the application;

[0036] Figure 3 Discharge curve diagram of the button cell of Test Example 1 of the application;

[0037] Figure 4 Cycle curve diagram of the button cell of Test Example 2 of the application;

[0038] Figure 5 Cycle curve diagram of the button cell of Test Example 3 of the application;

[0039] Figure 6 Cycle curve diagram of the button cell of Test Example 4 of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The application will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the application and implement it, but the embodiments are not limiting to the application.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] The sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance of the application and the preparation method thereof specifically include the following steps:

[0043] S1, weigh 81.46g of nickel-iron-manganese precursor Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38O2, 48.52 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), mixed powder was obtained by using a ball mill at 300 r / min for 3 h, and was placed in a muffle furnace at 1000°C for calcination for 10 h to obtain O3 phase structure layered oxide Na 0.9 Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2;

[0044] S2, 72.11 g of nickel-manganese precursor Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2, 36.24 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), mixed powder was obtained by using a ball mill at 300 r / min for 3 h; then 5.0 g of mixed powder and 95 g of O3 phase structure layered oxide Na 0.9 Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2, and 2.0 magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) was added, and after uniform mixing and grinding, it was placed in a muffle furnace at 980°C for calcination for 10 h to form P2 phase structure layered oxide Na 0.67 Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2, that is, a sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance is obtained Figure 1 ).

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance and the preparation method thereof, specifically comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1, 81.46 g of nickel-iron-manganese precursor Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2, 48.52 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), mixed powder was obtained by using a ball mill at 300 r / min for 3 h, and was placed in a muffle furnace at 1000°C for calcination for 10 h to obtain O3 phase structure layered oxide Na 0.9 Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2;

[0048] S2, 72.11 g of nickel-manganese precursor Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2, 36.24 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), mixed powder was obtained by using a ball mill at 300 r / min for 3 h; then 5.0 g of mixed powder and 95 g of O3 phase structure layered oxide Na 0.9 Ni 0.24 Fe0.38 Mn 0.38 O2, and 2.0 g of zinc carbonate (ZnCO3) is added, and after being uniformly mixed and ground, it is placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 980 DEG C for 10 h, forming a P2 phase structure of layered oxide Na 0.67 Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2, thereby obtaining a sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] The sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance and the preparation method thereof, specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] S1, 81.46 g of nickel-iron-manganese precursor Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2, 48.52 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), and using a ball mill at 300 r / min for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder, which is placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 1000 DEG C for 10 h to obtain an O3 phase structure of layered oxide Na 0.9 Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2;

[0052] S2, 72.11 g of nickel-manganese precursor Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2, 36.24 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), and using a ball mill at 300 r / min for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder; then 5.0 g of the mixed powder and 95 g of the O3 phase structure of layered oxide Na 0.9 Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2, and 2.0 g of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is added, and after being uniformly mixed and ground, it is placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 980 DEG C for 10 h, forming a P2 phase structure of layered oxide Na 0.67 Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2, thereby obtaining a sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] The sodium ion battery positive electrode material with high cycle performance and the preparation method thereof, specifically includes the following steps:

[0055] S1, 81.46 g of nickel-iron-manganese precursor Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn0.38 O2, 48.52 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was ball-milled at 300 r / min for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder, which was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 1000°C for 10 h to obtain O3 phase structure layered oxide Na 0.9 Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2;

[0056] S2, 72.11 g of nickel-manganese precursor Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2, 36.24 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was ball-milled at 300 r / min for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder; then 5.0 g of the mixed powder and 95 g of O3 phase structure layered oxide Na 0.9 Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2, and 6.0 g of aluminum carbonate (Al2(CO3)3) was added, and after uniform mixing and grinding, it was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 980°C for 10 h to form P2 phase structure layered oxide Na 0.67 Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2, that is, a sodium ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance is obtained.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] 81.46 g of nickel-iron-manganese precursor Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2, 48.52 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was ball-milled at 300 r / min for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder, which was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 1000°C for 10 h to obtain O3 phase structure layered oxide Na 0.9 Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2; that is, a sodium ion battery cathode material is obtained.

[0059] Comparative Example 2

[0060] S1, 81.46 g of nickel-iron-manganese precursor Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2, 48.52 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was ball-milled at 300 r / min for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder;

[0061] S2, 72.11 g of nickel-manganese precursor Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67O2, 36.24 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was ball milled at 300 r / min for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder; then 5.0 g of the mixed powder and 95 g of the layered oxide Na

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] S1, 81.46 g of a nickel-iron-manganese precursor Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2, 48.52 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was ball milled at 300 r / min for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder, which was calcined at 1000°C for 9 h in a muffle furnace to obtain a layered oxide Na 0.9 Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2.

[0064] S2, 72.11 g of a nickel-manganese precursor Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2, 36.24 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was ball milled at 300 r / min for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder; then 5.0 g of the mixed powder and 95 g of the layered oxide Na 0.9 Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38 O2, and 2.0 g of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) was added, and the mixture was uniformly ground and calcined at 800°C for 9 h in a muffle furnace to obtain a sodium-ion battery positive electrode material.

[0065] Comparative Example 4

[0066] S1, 72.11 g of a nickel-manganese precursor Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2, 36.24 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was ball milled at 300 r / min for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder, which was calcined at 800°C for 9 h in a muffle furnace to obtain a layered oxide Na 0.67 Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2.

[0067] S2, 81.46 g of a nickel-iron-manganese precursor Ni 0.24 Fe 0.38 Mn 0.38O2, 48.52 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), using a ball mill 300 r / min ball milling for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder; then taking 5.0 g of the mixed powder and 95 g of the layered oxide Na 0.67 Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O2, and adding 4.0 g of calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2), uniformly mixing and grinding, and then placing in a muffle furnace and calcining at 1000°C for 9 h to obtain a sodium-ion battery positive electrode material.

[0068] Test Example 1

[0069] The sodium-ion battery positive electrode materials prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were made into button cells to test the electrical performance, wherein the weight ratio of the electrode components was positive electrode material: conductive agent (acetylene black): binder (PVDF) = 90:5:5; the negative electrode used sodium sheet, and the test temperature of the button cell was 25°C, and the cycle performance at 1C was as shown in Figure 2 From Figure 2 it can be seen that the mixed powder material of the unsintered P2 phase layered oxide and the sintered O3 phase structure layered oxide in a mass ratio of 5:95 after mixing, grinding and calcining has higher cycle performance than the single O3 phase structure layered oxide material.

[0070] The discharge performance was as shown in Figure 3 From Figure 3 it can be seen that the mixed powder material of the unsintered P2 phase layered oxide and the sintered O3 phase structure layered oxide in a mass ratio of 5:95 after mixing, grinding and calcining retains the high capacity performance characteristics of the single O3 phase structure layered oxide material, indicating that the mixed phase core-shell structure plays the advantages of the high cycle performance of the shell P2 phase layered oxide material while retaining the high capacity performance characteristics of the core O3 phase layered oxide.

[0071] Test Example 2

[0072] The sodium-ion battery positive electrode materials prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 were made into button cells to test the electrical performance, wherein the weight ratio of the electrode components was positive electrode material: conductive agent (acetylene black): binder (PVDF) = 90:5:5; the negative electrode used sodium sheet, and the test temperature of the button cell was 25°C, and the cycle performance at 1C was as shown in Figure 4 From Figure 4It can be seen that the mixed powder material of the unsintered P2 phase layered oxide and the sintered O3 phase structure layered oxide according to the mass ratio of 5:95 has higher cycle performance than the comparative example 2 of the mixed powder material of the O phase layered oxide and the mixed powder material of the P2 phase layered oxide according to the mass ratio of 5:95, which indicates that the mixed phase core-shell structure has the advantage of high cycle performance of the shell P2 phase layered oxide material.

[0073] Test Example 3

[0074] The sodium ion battery positive electrode material prepared by the example 3 and the comparative example 3 was used to make a button cell to test the electrical performance, wherein the weight ratio of the electrode components was positive electrode material: conductive agent (acetylene black): binder (PVDF) = 90:5:5; the negative electrode used sodium sheet, and the test temperature of the button cell was 25℃, and the cycle performance at 1C was as shown in Figure 5 It can be seen that the example 3 retains the superior cycle performance of the P2 phase structure layered oxide material compared to the comparative example 3. Figure 5 It can be seen that the addition of the carbonate not only obtains a mixed phase structure, but also obtains a sodium ion battery positive electrode material with better comprehensive performance.

[0075] Test Example 4

[0076] The positive electrode material prepared by the example 4 and the comparative example 4 was used to make a button cell to test the electrical performance, wherein the weight ratio of the electrode components was positive electrode material: conductive agent (acetylene black): binder (PVDF) = 90:5:5; the negative electrode used sodium sheet, and the test temperature of the button cell was 25℃, and the cycle performance at 1C was as shown in Figure 6 It can be seen that the example 4 retains the superior cycle performance of the P2 phase structure layered oxide material compared to the comparative example 4. Figure 6 It can be seen that the mixed powder material of the unsintered P2 phase layered oxide and the sintered O3 phase structure layered oxide according to the mass ratio of 5:95 has higher cycle performance than the comparative example 4 of the mixed powder material of the unsintered O3 phase layered oxide and the sintered P2 phase structure layered oxide according to the mass ratio of 5:95, which indicates that the mixed phase core-shell structure has the advantage of high cycle performance of the shell P2 phase layered oxide material while retaining the high capacity characteristics of the O3 phase layered oxide material.

[0077] Obviously, the above examples are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, it is not necessary or possible to exhaust all the embodiments. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sodium-ion battery cathode material with high cycling performance, characterized in that, The sodium-ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance has a core-shell structure, and the inner core is a layered oxide with an O3 phase structure, and the shell is a layered oxide with a P2 phase structure. The chemical formula of the layered oxide of the O3 phase structure is Na x Ni a Fe b Mn c M d O2, wherein the M is selected from one or more of Ca, Zn, Cu, Mg, Al, W, Nb, Sb, Zr and V; 0.8≤x≤1.05, 0 The P2 phase structure of the layered oxide has a chemical formula of Na y Ni e Mn f N g O2, wherein the N is selected from one or more of Fe, Ca, Zn, Cu, Mg, Al, W, Nb, Sb, Zr, and V; 0.45≤y≤0.85, 0<e≤1, 0<f≤1, 0≤g≤0.2, e+f+g=1; the values of y, e, f, and g satisfy the charge balance of the chemical formula. The preparation method of the sodium-ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance comprises the following steps: S1, ball milling, 800-1100 DEG C calcination for 5-15 hours of a nickel-iron-manganese precursor, an M source and a sodium source A to obtain a layered oxide with an O3 phase structure; S2, adding the O3 phase structure layered oxide and carbonate in S1 to the mixed powder of a nickel-manganese precursor, an N source and a sodium source B, and calcining at 800-1100 DEG C for 5-15 hours to form a P2 phase structure layered oxide on the surface layer of the O3 phase structure layered oxide to obtain the sodium-ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance; the carbonate is selected from one or more of calcium carbonate, aluminum carbonate, magnesium carbonate and zinc carbonate; the addition amount of the carbonate is 1.0wt%-3.0wt% of the total amount. 2.The sodium-ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance of claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the layered oxide with an O3 type structure in the sodium-ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance is m1, and 80%≤m1<100%; the mass ratio of the layered oxide with a P2 type structure is m2, and 0%<m2≤20%. 3.The sodium-ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance of claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the nickel-iron-manganese precursor is selected from one or more of nickel-iron-manganese carbonate, nickel-iron-manganese hydroxide and nickel-iron-manganese oxide; the M source is selected from one or more of M oxide, M hydroxide, M carbonate, M fluoride, M sulfate and M phosphate; and the sodium source A is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate. 4.The sodium-ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance of claim 1, wherein, In S2, the N source is selected from one or more of N oxide, N hydroxide, N carbonate, N fluoride, N sulfate and N phosphate; the nickel-manganese precursor is selected from one or more of nickel-manganese carbonate, nickel-manganese hydroxide and nickel-manganese oxide; and the sodium source B is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.

5. A sodium-ion battery cathode, characterized in that, The sodium-ion battery cathode is prepared from the sodium-ion battery cathode material with high cycle performance according to any one of claims 1-4.

6. A sodium-ion battery, characterized in that, The positive electrode is prepared from the sodium-ion battery cathode according to claim 5.

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