Lotus threshing machine based on shaking variable diameter threshing channel

Abstract

The application discloses a lotus pod thresher based on a shaking variable-diameter threshing channel, which comprises a threshing assembly and a lotus seed-lotus pod debris separation assembly. The threshing assembly is used for crushing lotus pods to realize threshing and comprises a threshing cylinder, a shaking variable-diameter first threshing channel and a threshing plate shaking assembly. The first threshing channel can be shaken and variable in diameter, thus improving the adaptability to lotus pods of different sizes. In addition, during the threshing process, the arc-shaped threshing plate in the channel makes reciprocating shaking motion together with the elastic column of the threshing plate mounted thereon, thus being combined with the gradually converging threshing channel and the threshing cylinder, and the insertion, extrusion, rubbing and tearing effects on the lotus pods are strengthened, and the threshing quality is improved. The lotus seed-lotus pod debris separation assembly comprises a second threshing channel in the shape of a wedge-shaped convergence, and the second threshing channel can realize secondary threshing on the lotus pod debris containing lotus seeds which is not completely threshed by means of the sweeping, rubbing and tearing effects. The application has the advantages of good separation effect, high efficiency and low possibility of scratching the lotus seeds.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of lotus pod threshing processing equipment, and particularly relates to a lotus pod threshing machine based on a vibration-shaking variable-diameter threshing channel. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lotus seeds are rich in protein, fat, carbohydrates and various trace elements, and have high nutritional value. In addition, lotus seeds also have various medicinal ingredients and are often used as traditional Chinese medicinal materials. Lotus seeds grow in lotus pods, and the lotus pod is bowl-shaped and supported by a lotus stem. Threshing the picked lotus pods to obtain lotus seeds is an important process in the entire lotus seed production and processing process. The processing efficiency, quality and cost have an important influence on the economic value and production cost of the final lotus seed product.

[0003] The traditional lotus pod threshing method is manual work, which tears the lotus pod by hand to take out the wrapped lotus seeds. However, this method has the problems of low efficiency and high labor demand, and cannot meet the needs of mechanized processing and production of lotus seeds. At present, there have been some reports of mechanical lotus pod threshing machines, which can quickly process a large number of lotus pods and reduce labor intensity, but still have some problems, such as: 1. The size of the threshing channel is fixed, and the adaptability to different lotus pod individuals is limited, and the processing process is easy to scratch the lotus seeds, affecting the use value of the lotus seeds; 2. During the threshing process, material blockage and jamming are easy to occur, which requires manual dredging, affecting the processing efficiency and reducing the operation safety. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a lotus pod threshing machine based on a vibration-shaking variable-diameter threshing channel, and the technical scheme adopted is as follows:

[0005] A lotus pod threshing machine based on a vibration-shaking variable-diameter threshing channel, comprising a rack, a threshing assembly, a transmission assembly, and a lotus seed-lotus pod debris separation assembly.

[0006] The threshing assembly is installed on the upper part of the frame and is used for breaking and threshing lotus, comprising an inlet hopper, a threshing cylinder, a first variable-diameter threshing channel, a threshing plate shaking assembly, and a threshing assembly shell; the inlet hopper is installed above the threshing assembly shell; the threshing assembly shell comprises an arc-shaped fixed plate and a side fixed plate, which are connected with the frame through a mounting bracket and a side mounting bracket; the threshing plate shaking assembly is installed inside the threshing assembly shell and comprises a shaking device and an arc-shaped shaking threshing plate; the shaking device comprises a shaking device base and a shaking device moving end, and the shaking device base is fixedly connected with the mounting bracket; the shaking device moving end is connected with the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate and drives the shaking motion of the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate; the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate is provided with a plate elastic column; the threshing cylinder is installed on the front side of the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate, and the circumferential part of the cylinder is provided with an elastic brush layer and an elastic column; the threshing cylinder and the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate form a first variable-diameter threshing channel together, which has a large inlet diameter, a small outlet diameter, a gradually converging transition in the middle part, and a changing diameter with time; after the lotus enters the first variable-diameter threshing channel through the inlet hopper, the lotus is subjected to the combined action of the gradually converging space of the first threshing channel, the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate, the plate elastic column, the elastic column, and the elastic brush layer, and the lotus is gradually broken due to the extrusion, rubbing, tearing, brushing, and friction, so that the lotus seeds are separated from the lotus body;

[0007] The transmission assembly comprises a first belt transmission mechanism and a second belt transmission mechanism; the first belt transmission mechanism is installed on one side of the threshing cylinder and is driven by a driving motor installed on the frame to drive the rotation of the threshing cylinder; the second belt transmission mechanism is installed on the other side of the threshing cylinder and is driven by the rotating shaft of the threshing cylinder;

[0008] The lotus seed-lotus seedpod debris separation assembly is installed below the threshing assembly and comprises a mixed material conveying assembly and a mixed material separation assembly; the mixed material conveying assembly is installed below the threshing cylinder and is used to convey the mixed material of lotus seeds and lotus seedpod debris output from the first threshing passage with variable diameter to the mixed material separation assembly; the mixed material conveying assembly comprises a belt conveyor A; the belt conveyor A comprises a conveyor belt, a toothed plate and a side guard plate and is used to convey the mixed material to the mixed material separation assembly; the toothed plate is used to take away the mixed material accumulated at the outlet part of the first threshing passage with variable diameter to prevent blockage; the mixed material separation assembly is installed at the front side of the mixed material conveying assembly and comprises an obliquely arranged belt conveyor B which is used to realize the separation of lotus seeds and lotus seedpod debris in the mixed material; the belt conveyor B comprises a conveyor belt and a side guard plate and realizes the separation of lotus seeds and lotus seedpod debris by utilizing the difference in friction characteristics between the two and the conveyor belt, wherein the lotus seeds roll down from the lower part of the conveyor belt and fall into a lotus seed discharge hopper, and the lotus seedpod debris moves upward along the conveyor belt; the mixed material separation assembly further comprises a belt conveyor C which is installed above the outlet part of the belt conveyor B and comprises a conveyor belt, an elastic brush layer and an elastic brush column installed on the outer periphery of the conveyor belt, and a lower part of the conveyor belt which is arranged horizontally and forms a second threshing passage together with the upper part of the conveyor belt, wherein the second threshing passage has a large inlet diameter and a small outlet diameter and is wedge-shaped converging to extrude the passing material, and realizes the secondary threshing of lotus seedpod debris containing lotus seeds which are not completely threshed by combining the brushing, rubbing and tearing actions of the elastic brush layer and the elastic brush column; the lotus seedpod debris is discharged through the outlet part of the belt conveyor B and falls into a lotus seedpod debris discharge hopper; the lotus seeds after secondary threshing roll downward along the belt conveyor B and fall into the lotus seed discharge hopper;

[0009] The belt conveyor A and the belt conveyor B are driven to rotate by respective internal motors; the belt conveyor C is driven to rotate by a transmission mechanism; the lotus seed discharge hopper is installed below the frame; and the lotus seedpod debris discharge hopper is installed at one side of the frame.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present solution, the shaking motion of the arc-shaped shaking threshing pressure plate is a forward and backward reciprocating linear vibration which is used to strengthen the insertion, extrusion, rubbing and tearing actions on the lotus seedpod and improve the lotus seedpod threshing effect; meanwhile, the adaptability of the first threshing passage with variable diameter to lotus seedpods of different sizes is also enhanced.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present solution, the materials of the pressure plate elastic column, the elastic column and the elastic brush column are high-molecular elastic materials; and the materials of the elastic brush layer and the elastic brush layer are hard steel wires which are used to brush the lotus seedpod and enhance the separation effect of lotus seeds and lotus seedpod bodies.

[0012] As a further optimization of the scheme, the elastic columns of the pressing plate in the shaking variable-diameter first threshing channel are arranged in a staggered manner; the elastic sweeping layer and the elastic columns are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the threshing cylinder; the elastic sweeping columns in the second threshing channel are arranged in a staggered manner along the width direction of the conveying belt and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the conveying belt.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: 1. The present application has a variable-diameter threshing channel that can be shaken, which improves the adaptability to different sizes of lotus pods. In addition, during the threshing process, the arc-shaped shaking threshing pressing plate in the channel, together with the elastic columns mounted thereon, performs reciprocating shaking motion, which, in combination with the gradually converging threshing channel and the threshing cylinder, strengthens the insertion, extrusion, rubbing and tearing of the lotus pods, thereby improving the quality of lotus pod threshing. The high-molecular elastic material and the steel wire brush layer are in direct contact with the lotus pods and lotus seeds, which are less likely to scratch the lotus seeds, and have good separation effect and high threshing efficiency; 2. The variable-diameter threshing channel of the present application can promote the timely discharge of lotus seeds and lotus pod debris from the threshing assembly; in addition, the belt conveyor A with a toothed plate is provided at the outlet of the threshing channel, which can actively carry the mixed materials away, thereby effectively reducing the occurrence of blockage; 3. The wedge-shaped converging second threshing channel formed by the belt conveyor C and the belt conveyor B can extrude the passing materials, in combination with the sweeping, rubbing and tearing effects of the elastic sweeping layer and the elastic sweeping columns, to realize secondary threshing of lotus pod debris containing incomplete threshed lotus seeds, thereby further improving the quality of lotus seed threshing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the present application;

[0015] Figure 2 is a rear view of the present application;

[0016] Figure 3 is a front view of the present application;

[0017] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the threshing assembly of the present application;

[0018] Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of position A in the present application; Figure 3

[0019] Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of position B in the present application; Figure 3

[0020] Figure 7 is a partial view of the inside of the threshing cylinder of the present application.

[0021] ​​The main components shown in the diagram include: 1. Frame; 1-1 Lotus seed discharge hopper; 1-2 Lotus seed pod debris discharge hopper; 1-3 Drive motor; 2. Threshing assembly; 2-1 Feed hopper; 2-2 Threshing drum; 2-2-1 Elastic brush layer; 2-2-2 Elastic column; 2-3 Vibrating variable diameter first threshing channel; 2-4 Threshing pressure plate vibrating assembly; 2-4-1 Vibrating device; 2-4-1-1 Vibrating device base; 2-4-1-2 Vibrating device moving end; 2-4-2 Arc-shaped vibrating threshing pressure plate; 2-4-2-1 Pressure plate elastic column; 2-5 Threshing assembly housing; 2-5-1 Arc-shaped fixing plate; 2-5-2 Side fixing plate; 2-5-3 Fixing bracket; 2 -5-4 Side fixing bracket; 3 Transmission assembly; 3-1 First belt drive mechanism; 3-2 Second belt drive mechanism; 4 Lotus seed-lotus pod debris separation assembly; 4-1 Mixed material conveying assembly; 4-1-1 Belt conveyor A; 4-1-1-1 Conveyor belt; 4-1-1-2 Toothed plate; 4-1-1-3 Side guard plate; 4-2 Mixed material separation assembly; 4-2-1 Belt conveyor B; 4-2-1-1 Conveyor belt; 4-2-1-2 Side guard plate; 4-2-2 Belt conveyor C; 4-2-2-1 Conveyor belt; 4-2-2-2 Elastic brush layer; 4-2-2-3 Elastic brush column; 4-2-3 Wedge-shaped second threshing channel. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention includes a frame 1, a threshing assembly 2, a transmission assembly 3, and a lotus seed-lotus pod debris separation assembly 4;

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7As shown, the threshing assembly 2 is installed on the upper part of the frame 1, used for performing crushing and threshing on lotus, including a feeding hopper 2-1, a threshing cylinder 2-2, a first variable-diameter threshing channel 2-3, a threshing plate shaking assembly 2-4, and a threshing assembly shell 2-5; the feeding hopper 2-1 is installed above the threshing assembly shell 2-5; the threshing assembly shell 2-5 includes an arc-shaped fixed plate 2-5-1 and a side fixed plate 2-5-2, which are connected with the frame 1 through a mounting bracket 2-5-3 and a side mounting bracket 2-5-4; the threshing plate shaking assembly 2-4 is installed inside the threshing assembly shell 2-5, including a shaking device 2-4-1 and an arc-shaped shaking threshing plate 2-4-2; the shaking device 2-4-1 includes a shaking device base 2-4-1-1 and a shaking device moving end 2-4-1-2, and the shaking device base 2-4-1-1 is fixedly connected with the mounting bracket 2-5-3; the shaking device moving end 2-4-1-2 is connected with the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate 2-4-2 to drive it to make shaking motion, and the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate 2-4-2 is provided with a plate elastic column 2-4-2-1; the threshing cylinder 2-2 is installed on the front side of the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate 2-4-2, and the circumferential part of the cylinder is provided with an elastic brush layer 2-2-1 and an elastic column 2-2-2; the threshing cylinder 2-2 and the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate 2-4-2 jointly form the first variable-diameter threshing channel 2-3, which has a large inlet diameter, a small outlet diameter, a gradually converging transition in the middle part, and a changing diameter over time; after the lotus enters the first variable-diameter threshing channel 2-3 through the feeding hopper 2-1, the lotus is subjected to the combined action of the gradually converging space of the first variable-diameter threshing channel 2-3, the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate 2-4-2, the plate elastic column 2-4-2-1, the elastic column 2-2-2, and the elastic brush layer 2-2-1, and the lotus is gradually broken due to extrusion, rubbing, tearing, brushing, and friction, so that the lotus seeds are separated from the lotus body;

[0025] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the transmission assembly 3 includes a first belt transmission mechanism 3-1 and a second belt transmission mechanism 3-2; the first belt transmission mechanism 3-1 is installed on one side of the threshing cylinder 2-2 and is powered by a driving motor 1-3 installed on the frame 1, used for driving the threshing cylinder 2-2 to rotate; the second belt transmission mechanism 3-2 is installed on the other side of the threshing cylinder 2-2 and is powered by the rotating shaft of the threshing cylinder 2-2;

[0026] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the lotus seed-lotus seedpod debris separation assembly 4 is installed below the threshing assembly 2, including a mixed material conveying assembly 4-1 and a mixed material separation assembly 4-2; the mixed material conveying assembly 4-1 is installed below the threshing cylinder 2-2, for conveying the mixed material of lotus seeds and lotus seedpod debris output from the shaking variable-diameter first threshing channel 2-3 to the mixed material separation assembly 4-2; the mixed material conveying assembly 4-1 includes a belt conveyor A4-1-1; the belt conveyor A4-1-1 includes a conveyor belt 4-1-1-1, a toothed plate 4-1-1-2 and a side guard plate 4-1-1-3, for conveying the mixed material to the mixed material separation assembly 4-2; the toothed plate 4-1-1-2 is used to take away the mixed material accumulated at the outlet portion of the shaking variable-diameter first threshing channel 2-3, preventing blockage; the mixed material separation assembly 4-2 is installed at the front side of the mixed material conveying assembly 4-1, including an obliquely arranged belt conveyor B4-2-1, for realizing the separation of lotus seeds and lotus seedpod debris in the mixed material; the belt conveyor B4-2-1 includes a conveyor belt 4-2-1-1 and a side guard plate 4-2-1-2, which realizes the separation of lotus seeds and lotus seedpod debris by utilizing the difference in friction characteristics between the two and the conveyor belt, wherein the lotus seeds roll down from the lower part of the conveyor belt 4-2-1-1 and fall into the lotus seed discharge hopper 1-1, and the lotus seedpod debris moves upward along the conveyor belt; the mixed material separation assembly 4-2 further includes a belt conveyor C4-2-2, which is installed above the outlet portion of the belt conveyor B4-2-1, including a conveyor belt 4-2-2-1, the outer periphery of which is provided with an elastic brush layer 4-2-2-2 and an elastic brush column 4-2-2-3, and the lower part of the conveyor belt 4-2-2-1 is horizontally arranged, together with the upper part of the conveyor belt 4-2-1-1, to form a second threshing channel 4-2-3, which has a large inlet diameter and a small outlet diameter, in a wedge-shaped converging shape, for extruding the passing material, and in combination with the brushing, rubbing and tearing actions of the elastic brush layer 4-2-2-2 and the elastic brush column 4-2-2-3, realizes the secondary threshing of the lotus seedpod debris that still contains lotus seeds due to incomplete threshing; the lotus seedpod debris is discharged through the outlet portion of the belt conveyor B4-2-1 and falls into the lotus seedpod debris discharge hopper 1-2; the lotus seeds after secondary threshing roll down along the belt conveyor B4-2-1 and fall into the lotus seed discharge hopper 1-1;

[0027] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 the belt conveyor A4-1-1 and the belt conveyor B4-2-1 are driven to rotate by respective internal motors; the belt conveyor C4-2-2 is driven to rotate by the transmission mechanism 3-2; the lotus seed discharge hopper 1-1 is installed below the frame 1; and the lotus seedpod debris discharge hopper 1-2 is installed at one side of the frame 1.

[0028] AsFigure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown in FIGS. 2-4, the arc-shaped shaking and threshing press plate 2-4-2 performs a reciprocating linear vibration, which is used to enhance the insertion, extrusion, kneading and tearing of the lotus pods, and improve the threshing effect of the lotus pods. Meanwhile, the adaptability of the shaking and variable-diameter first threshing channel 2-3 to different sizes of lotus pods is also enhanced.

[0029] As shown in FIGS. 2-4, the arc-shaped shaking and threshing press plate 2-4-2 performs a reciprocating linear vibration, which is used to enhance the insertion, extrusion, kneading and tearing of the lotus pods, and improve the threshing effect of the lotus pods. Meanwhile, the adaptability of the shaking and variable-diameter first threshing channel 2-3 to different sizes of lotus pods is also enhanced. Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown in FIGS. 2-4, the arc-shaped shaking and threshing press plate 2-4-2 performs a reciprocating linear vibration, which is used to enhance the insertion, extrusion, kneading and tearing of the lotus pods, and improve the threshing effect of the lotus pods. Meanwhile, the adaptability of the shaking and variable-diameter first threshing channel 2-3 to different sizes of lotus pods is also enhanced.

[0030] The materials of the press plate elastic column 2-4-2-1, the elastic column 2-2-2 and the elastic brush column 4-2-2-3 are high-molecular elastic materials; the materials of the elastic brush layer 2-2-1 and the elastic brush layer 4-2-2-2 are hard steel wires, which are used to brush the lotus pods and enhance the separation effect of the lotus seeds and the lotus pod bodies.

[0031] The working process of the present application is as follows: when the machine starts, the driving motor 1-3 drives the threshing drum 2-2 to rotate through the first belt transmission mechanism 3-1, at the same time, the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate 2-4-2 is driven by the shaking device 2-4-1 to perform shaking movement, and each belt transmission mechanism starts to operate. After the lotus flowers enter the inlet hopper 2-1 and then enter the shaking diameter-changing first threshing channel 2-3, they are subjected to the combined action of the gradually changing converging space of the first threshing channel 2-3, the arc-shaped shaking threshing plate 2-4-2 performing shaking movement, the elastic column 2-4-2-1 of the pressing plate, the elastic column 2-2-2 and the elastic sweeping layer 2-2-1, and the lotus flowers are gradually broken due to the extrusion, rubbing, tearing, sweeping and friction, so that the lotus seeds are separated from the lotus flower bodies. Subsequently, the mixture of lotus seeds and lotus flower debris falls from the outlet of the shaking diameter-changing first threshing channel onto the belt conveyor A 4-1-1, and is conveyed by the toothed plate 4-1-1-2 to the inclined belt conveyor B 4-2-1 of the mixture separating assembly 4-2. There are differences in the friction characteristics between the lotus seeds and the lotus flower debris and the conveyor belt, wherein the lotus seeds will roll from the lower part of the conveyor belt 4-2-1-1 and fall into the lotus seed discharge hopper 1-1, and the lotus flower debris moves upward along with the conveyor belt until it enters the second threshing channel 4-2-3 with a large inlet diameter and a small outlet diameter, which is wedge-shaped converging. The second threshing channel 4-2-3 extrudes the passing material, and in combination with the sweeping, rubbing and tearing action of the elastic sweeping layer 4-2-2-2 and the elastic sweeping column 4-2-2-3, realizes the secondary threshing of the lotus flower debris containing lotus seeds which are not completely threshed; the lotus flower debris is discharged from the outlet part of the belt conveyor B 4-2-1 and falls into the lotus flower debris discharge hopper 1-2; and the lotus seeds after secondary threshing roll downward along the belt conveyor B 4-2-1 and fall into the lotus seed discharge hopper 1-1, completing the threshing process.

Claims

1. A lotus threshing machine based on a shaking variable diameter threshing channel, characterized in that: The machine comprises a frame (1), a threshing assembly (2), a transmission assembly (3), and a lotus seed-lotus fruit fragment separation assembly (4). The threshing assembly (2) is installed on the upper part of the frame (1) and is used for performing crushing and threshing on lotus fruits. The threshing assembly (2) comprises an inlet hopper (2-1), a threshing cylinder (2-2), a first vibrating and variable-diameter threshing channel (2-3), a threshing plate vibrating assembly (2-4), and a threshing assembly shell (2-5). The inlet hopper (2-1) is installed above the threshing assembly shell (2-5). The threshing assembly shell (2-5) comprises an arc-shaped fixed plate (2-5-1) and a side fixed plate (2-5-2), which are connected with the frame (1) through mounting supports (2-5-3) and side mounting supports (2-5-4). The threshing plate vibrating assembly (2-4) is installed inside the threshing assembly shell (2-5) and comprises a vibrating device (2-4-1) and an arc-shaped vibrating threshing plate (2-4-2). The vibrating device (2-4-1) comprises a vibrating device base (2-4-1-1) and a vibrating device moving end (2-4-1-2). The vibrating device base (2-4-1-1) is fixedly connected with the mounting supports (2-5-3). The vibrating device moving end (2-4-1-2) is connected with the arc-shaped vibrating threshing plate (2-4-2) and drives the arc-shaped vibrating threshing plate (2-4-2) to vibrate. The arc-shaped vibrating threshing plate (2-4-2) is provided with plate elastic columns (2-4-2-1). The threshing cylinder (2-2) is installed on the front side of the arc-shaped vibrating threshing plate (2-4-2) and is provided with an elastic brush layer (2-2-1) and elastic columns (2-2-2) on the circumference of the cylinder. The threshing cylinder (2-2) and the arc-shaped vibrating threshing plate (2-4-2) jointly form the vibrating and variable-diameter first threshing channel (2-3) with a large inlet diameter, a small outlet diameter, a gradually converging intermediate part, and a changing diameter over time. After the lotus fruits enter the vibrating and variable-diameter first threshing channel (2-3) through the inlet hopper (2-1), the lotus fruits are subjected to the combined action of the gradually converging space of the first threshing channel (2-3), the arc-shaped vibrating threshing plate (2-4-2) that vibrates, the plate elastic columns (2-4-2-1), the elastic columns (2-2-2), and the elastic brush layer (2-2-1). As a result, the lotus fruits are gradually broken due to the squeezing, rubbing, tearing, brushing, and friction, and the lotus seeds are separated from the lotus fruit bodies. The transmission assembly (3) comprises a first belt transmission mechanism (3-1) and a second belt transmission mechanism (3-2). The first belt transmission mechanism (3-1) is installed on one side of the threshing cylinder (2-2) and is driven by a driving motor (1-3) installed on the frame (1) to drive the threshing cylinder (2-2) to rotate. The second belt transmission mechanism (3-2) is installed on the other side of the threshing cylinder (2-2) and is driven by the rotating shaft of the threshing cylinder (2-2). The lotus seed-lotus seedpod debris separation assembly (4) is installed below the threshing assembly (2), and comprises a mixed material conveying assembly (4-1) and a mixed material separation assembly (4-2); the mixed material conveying assembly (4-1) is installed below the threshing cylinder (2-2), and is used for conveying the mixed material of lotus seeds and lotus seedpod debris output from the vibrating variable-diameter first threshing channel (2-3) to the mixed material separation assembly (4-2); the mixed material conveying assembly (4-1) comprises a belt conveyor A (4-1-1); the belt conveyor A (4-1-1) comprises a conveyor belt (4-1-1-1), a toothed plate (4-1-1-2) and a side guard plate (4-1-1-3), and is used for conveying the mixed material to the mixed material separation assembly (4-2); the toothed plate (4-1-1-2) is used for taking away the mixed material accumulated at the outlet part of the vibrating variable-diameter first threshing channel (2-3) to prevent blockage; the mixed material separation assembly (4-2) is installed at the front side of the mixed material conveying assembly (4-1), and comprises an obliquely arranged belt conveyor B (4-2-1) used for realizing the separation of lotus seeds and lotus seedpod debris in the mixed material; the belt conveyor B (4-2-1) comprises a conveyor belt (4-2-1-1) and a side guard plate (4-2-1-2), and realizes the separation of lotus seeds and lotus seedpod debris by utilizing the friction characteristic difference between the two and the conveyor belt, wherein the lotus seeds roll down from the lower part of the conveyor belt (4-2-1-1) and fall into a lotus seed discharge hopper (1-1), and the lotus seedpod debris moves upwards along the conveyor belt; the mixed material separation assembly (4-2) further comprises a belt conveyor C (4-2-2) installed above the outlet part of the belt conveyor B (4-2-1), and the belt conveyor C (4-2-2) comprises a conveyor belt (4-2-2-1) provided with an elastic brush layer (4-2-2-2) and an elastic brush column (4-2-2-3) on the outer periphery; the lower part of the conveyor belt (4-2-2-1) is horizontally arranged, and cooperates with the upper part of the conveyor belt (4-2-1-1) to form a second threshing channel (4-2-3); the second threshing channel (4-2-3) has a large inlet diameter and a small outlet diameter, and is wedge-shaped convergent, so as to extrude the passing material; in combination with the brushing, rubbing and tearing effects of the elastic brush layer (4-2-2-2) and the elastic brush column (4-2-2-3), the second threshing channel realizes the secondary threshing of the lotus seedpod debris still containing lotus seeds which is not completely threshed; the lotus seedpod debris is discharged through the outlet part of the belt conveyor B (4-2-1) and falls into a lotus seedpod debris discharge hopper (1-2); the lotus seeds after the secondary threshing roll downwards along the belt conveyor B (4-2-1) and fall into the lotus seed discharge hopper (1-1); The belt conveyer A (4-1-1) and the belt conveyer B (4-2-1) are driven to rotate by respective internal motors; the belt conveyer C (4-2-2) is driven to rotate by a transmission mechanism (3-2); the lotus seed discharge hopper (1-1) is installed below the frame (1); the lotus pod scrap discharge hopper (1-2) is installed on one side of the frame (1).

2. A lotus threshing machine based on a variable diameter threshing channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaking motion of the arc-shaped shaking threshing press plate (2-4-2) is a front and back reciprocating linear vibration, which is used to strengthen the insertion, extrusion, rubbing and tearing of the lotus pods and improve the threshing effect of the lotus pods; meanwhile, it can also enhance the adaptability of the shaking variable-diameter first threshing channel (2-3) to lotus pods of different sizes.

3. A lotus threshing machine based on a variable diameter threshing channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The press plate elastic column (2-4-2-1), the elastic column (2-2-2) and the elastic brush column (4-2-2-3) are made of high-molecular elastic material; the elastic brush layer (2-2-1) and the elastic brush layer (4-2-2-2) are made of hard steel wire, which is used to brush the lotus pods and enhance the separation effect of the lotus seeds and the lotus pod bodies.

4. A lotus threshing machine based on a variable diameter threshing channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The press plate elastic column (2-4-2-1) and the elastic column (2-2-2) in the shaking variable-diameter first threshing channel (2-3) are arranged in a staggered manner; the elastic brush layer (2-2-1) and the elastic column (2-2-2) are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the threshing drum (2-2); the elastic brush column (4-2-2-3) in the second threshing channel (4-2-3) is arranged in a staggered manner along the width direction of the conveyer belt (4-2-2-1) and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the conveyer belt (4-2-2-1).

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