A three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device and method

Abstract

This specification relates to the field of intelligent control technology, and specifically discloses a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device and method, the device includes a box, a partition plate, a temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device, a mechanical launch arm, a 3D printing nozzle, a transmission slide device, an optical machine box, a push-pull plate, a hydraulic rod and a computer; the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is embedded and fixed in each partition and each filling point of the partition plate; the transmission slide device drives the 3D printing nozzle at the front end of the mechanical launch arm to build a geological model according to the action instruction; the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device fills the liquid into the geological model according to the filling instruction; the hydraulic rod moves the push-pull plate according to the push-pull instruction to squeeze and stretch the geological model; the optical machine box places a fluid parameter reading chip in the geological model according to the chip placement instruction; the computer determines the hydrocarbon expulsion capacity index and the oil and gas migration and accumulation index according to the fluid parameters. The above scheme can carry out a three-dimensional simulation of the entire process of oil and gas reservoir formation under the same experimental conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device and method. Background Art

[0002] The three-dimensional physical simulation experiment technology of oil and gas accumulation uses the existing experimental conditions to dynamically and visually restore the structural characteristics of geological bodies and the entire process of oil and gas migration and accumulation in geological bodies. In order to intuitively restore the oil and gas migration and accumulation pattern in underground geological bodies, it is necessary to build a geological model in the simulation experiment device and simulate the entire process of real underground oil and gas generation, discharge, migration, accumulation, and preservation, as well as the physical and chemical factors that affect these processes.

[0003] However, the simulation experimental device used in the existing experiments has no design for the entire process of automatically constructing the geological model for the oil and gas to be discharged from the source rock to the reservoir and accumulate into the reservoir, and there is a lack of a method for real-time observation of the migration path and oil and gas physical and chemical parameters during the migration of oil and gas in the three-dimensional geological model, resulting in the following problems in the current three-dimensional oil and gas accumulation physical simulation experiment. The first problem is that the existing simulation experimental device can only realize the geological model construction, hydrocarbon expulsion simulation of the source rock layer, and oil and gas migration and accumulation in the reservoir in a single and step-by-step manner, resulting in these processes cannot be continuously realized under the same experimental conditions, which is inconsistent with the actual situation. In addition, the geological model construction has not been fully automated, resulting in increased experimental workload and human errors. The second problem is that the oil and gas filling conditions for the existing source rock layer simulation of hydrocarbon expulsion do not consider the influence of the overlying formation pressure and filling temperature, which is inconsistent with the actual geological conditions and has low credibility. The third problem is that the path of the oil and gas flowing through the three-dimensional geological model after filling, and the real-time changes of the oil and gas physical and chemical parameters cannot be observed, resulting in incomplete experimental results. The fourth problem is that the existing simulation experiment equipment cannot adjust the relevant experimental parameters such as the geological model structural characteristics and oil and gas filling conditions in real time during the experiment, resulting in the inability to change the experimental conditions once the experiment starts until the end of the experiment. This is not only inconsistent with the actual geological conditions and oil and gas accumulation conditions, but also greatly increases the risk of experimental failure or wrong results.

[0004] To address the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of this specification provide a three-dimensional oil and gas accumulation physical simulation experimental device and method to solve the problem that the simulation experimental device used in the prior art does not have a design for the entire process of automatically constructing a geological model for the discharge of oil and gas from source rocks to the accumulation and accumulation in the reservoir.

[0006] The embodiment of this specification provides a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device, including: a box, a partition plate, a temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device, a mechanical launch arm, a 3D printing nozzle, a transmission slide device, an optical machine box, a push-pull plate, a hydraulic rod and a computer;

[0007] The partition plate is arranged in the box body, and a plurality of partitions are arranged on the partition plate, and at least one hollow filling point is arranged in each of the plurality of partitions, and the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is embedded and fixed in each filling point in each partition;

[0008] The 3D printing nozzle is installed at the front end of the mechanical launching arm; the transmission slide device is connected to the mechanical launching arm; the transmission slide device is used to drive the 3D printing nozzle at the front end of the mechanical launching arm in response to the received action command sent by the computer, so as to construct a three-dimensional geological model on the partition board;

[0009] The temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is used to fill the corresponding liquid into the three-dimensional geological model according to the filling instruction issued by the computer;

[0010] The push-pull plates are arranged on both sides of the partition plate, the hydraulic rods pass through the side walls of the box body and are connected to the push-pull plates, and the hydraulic rods are used to move the push-pull plates according to the push-pull instructions received from the computer, so as to perform extrusion or stretching transformation on the three-dimensional geological model;

[0011] The optical machine box is arranged at the bottom of the mechanical transmitting arm. The optical machine box is used to respond to the chip placement instruction sent by the computer during the construction of the three-dimensional geological model, and place the fluid parameter reading chip at the position corresponding to the filling point in the three-dimensional geological model. The fluid parameter reading chip is used to detect the fluid parameters of each point and send the detected fluid parameters to the computer; the computer is used to determine the hydrocarbon expulsion capacity index and oil and gas migration and accumulation index of the three-dimensional geological model according to the received fluid parameters.

[0012] In one embodiment, the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device further includes a mechanical claw;

[0013] The mechanical launching arm is configured as a retractable rod, and the mechanical claw is nested with the 3D printing nozzle and installed at the front end of the mechanical launching arm. Upon receiving the instruction from the computer, the 3D printing nozzle will first extend to construct the three-dimensional geological model; during the experiment, the 3D printing nozzle is retracted, and the mechanical claw adjusts the position of the three-dimensional geological model and the fluid parameter reading chip.

[0014] In one embodiment, the top of the optical machine box is connected to the bottom of the mechanical launching arm; the two sides of the optical machine box are connected to the transmission slide rail device; the transmission slide rail device drives the optical machine box to translate laterally; the interior of the optical machine box is filled with a chip ejection magazine, an infrared rangefinder and a fixed-focus laser; a plurality of chips are stored in the chip ejection magazine, and the chip ejection magazine is equipped with an ejection device; the infrared rangefinder and the fixed-focus laser are used to locate the coordinates of any position in the box, so as to cooperate with the chip ejection magazine to launch the fluid parameter reading chip.

[0015] In one embodiment, the fluid parameter reading chip integrates fluid temperature, pressure, and conductivity inductive measuring devices and is equipped with a signal transmitter to transmit the measurement results over long distances.

[0016] In one embodiment, the bottom of the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is connected to a liquid pool, the liquid pool is used to store fluid, and the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is provided with a temperature and pressure liquid pump, a one-way valve, a temperature and pressure interaction sensor, a pressure-sensitive spring and a base from bottom to top; the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device also includes an information processor; the information processor is connected to the computer for communication;

[0017] When the three-dimensional geological model is located on the base, the pressure-sensitive spring is triggered, and the temperature-pressure interaction sensor is used to detect temperature and pressure signals and send the temperature and pressure signals to the information processor, which integrates the temperature and pressure signals and transmits them to the computer; the temperature-increasing and pressurizing liquid pump is used to heat and pressurize the fluid extracted from the liquid pool and lift it upward according to the temperature-increasing and pressurizing instructions sent by the computer, and the heated and pressurized fluid flows through the one-way valve and the temperature-pressure interaction sensor and is calibrated and then injected into the three-dimensional geological model.

[0018] In one embodiment, the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device also includes a signal interaction receiver, which is arranged on the box, and the signal interaction receiver is used to receive the fluid parameters sent by the fluid parameter reading chip and send the received fluid parameters to the computer.

[0019] In one embodiment, the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device also includes a temperature and pressure information window, which is used to display the real-time temperature and pressure data of each filling point, and is also used to regulate the filling pressure and temperature of each filling point.

[0020] The present specification also provides a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method, based on the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir device described in any of the above embodiments, the method is applied to a computer, and the method includes:

[0021] Generate an action instruction based on the pre-established digital model, and send the action instruction to the transmission slide device; the transmission slide device is used to drive the 3D printing nozzle at the front end of the mechanical launch arm in response to the action instruction to build the three-dimensional geological model on the partition plate;

[0022] In the process of constructing the three-dimensional geological model, a chip placement instruction is sent to the optical machine box; the optical machine box is used to place a fluid parameter reading chip at a position corresponding to each filling point in the three-dimensional geological model in response to the chip placement instruction;

[0023] Sending a push-pull instruction to the hydraulic rod; the hydraulic rod is used to move the push-pull plate in response to the push-pull instruction to perform compression or stretching transformation on the three-dimensional geological model;

[0024] Sending a filling instruction to the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device; the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is used to fill the corresponding liquid into the three-dimensional geological model in response to the filling instruction; the fluid parameter reading chip is used to detect the fluid parameters of each filling point and send the fluid parameters to the computer;

[0025] The fluid parameters sent by the fluid parameter reading chip are received, and the hydrocarbon expulsion capacity index and the oil and gas migration and accumulation index of the three-dimensional geological model are determined according to the fluid parameters.

[0026] An embodiment of the present specification also provides a computer device, including a processor and a memory for storing processor executable instructions, wherein when the processor executes the instructions, the steps of the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method described in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0027] The embodiments of this specification also provide a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, which, when executed, implement the steps of the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0028] In the embodiments of the present specification, a three-dimensional oil and gas accumulation physical simulation experimental device is provided. The experimental device in this scheme satisfies the whole process simulation of geological model construction, source rock hydrocarbon expulsion and reservoir migration and accumulation under the same experimental conditions, and optimizes the series of repeated operations in the experimental process of the prior art in steps; through the computer command input, the transmission slide device drives the 3D printing nozzle at the front end of the mechanical launch arm to print raw materials to construct the geological model as needed; through the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device distributed in different areas on the partition plate, the different oil and gas filling pressures and temperatures at each filling point are adjusted during the experiment, avoiding The hydrocarbon expulsion process of source rock layers under uniform temperature and pressure makes subsequent experimental results more accurate and reliable; by equipping an optical machine box, fluid parameter reading chips can be placed at different positions of the geological model during the construction of the geological model, and a series of physical and chemical parameters of the oil and gas flowing through the chip, such as temperature, pressure and conductivity, can be measured during the oil and gas migration process. At the same time, the oil and gas migration path can be calibrated to solve the problem of being unable to observe the physical and chemical parameters and migration paths of oil and gas inside the geological model in real time; hydraulic rods are installed on both sides of the experimental device to drive the push-pull plates inside the device to move, so that the geological model can be squeezed or stretched during the experiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of this specification, constitute a part of this specification, and do not constitute a limitation of this specification. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 It shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device in an embodiment of this specification;

[0031] Figure 2 It shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the optical machine box in an embodiment of this specification;

[0032] Figure 3 It shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a fluid parameter reading chip in an embodiment of this specification;

[0033] Figure 4 It shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device in one embodiment of this specification;

[0034] Figure 5 A flow chart showing a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method in an embodiment of this specification;

[0035] Figure 6 A flow chart showing a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method in an embodiment of this specification;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a computer device in an embodiment of the present specification is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The principles and spirit of this specification will be described below with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement this specification, and are not intended to limit the scope of this specification in any way. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make this specification more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of this specification may be implemented as a system, device, method, or computer program product. Therefore, this specification may be implemented in the following forms: complete hardware, complete software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.

[0039] This specification provides a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device. Figure 1 , shows a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 1 As shown, the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device may include: an optical machine box 1, a mechanical launch arm 2, a 3D printing nozzle 3, a transmission slide rail device 4, a push-pull plate 5, a hydraulic rod 6, a temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device 7, a partition plate 8, a computer 12 and a box 28. The optical machine box 1, the mechanical launch arm 2, the 3D printing nozzle 3, the transmission slide rail device 4, the push-pull plate 5, the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device 7 and the partition plate 8 may be arranged in the box 28.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a 3D printing nozzle 3 is installed at the front end of the mechanical launching arm 2. A transmission slide device 4 is connected to the mechanical launching arm 2. The transmission slide device 4 is used to drive the 3D printing nozzle 3 at the front end of the mechanical launching arm 2 in response to the received action command sent by the computer 12, so as to construct a three-dimensional geological model on the partition plate 8.

[0041] The partition plate 8 may be provided with a plurality of partitions, each of which may be provided with at least one hollow filling point, and each filling point in each partition may be embedded with a temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device 7. In one embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the partition plate can be divided into eight areas, each area has 4 points evenly distributed. After each point is hollowed out, a temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is embedded, and the partition plate is made of high temperature and high pressure resistant material.

[0042] The temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device 7 can monitor the local formation pressure of the overlying formation in real time and send the monitored data to the computer 12. The temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device 7 can fill the corresponding liquid into the three-dimensional geological model according to the filling instruction issued by the computer 12.

[0043] Push-pull plates 5 may be provided on both sides of the partition plate 8. A hydraulic rod 6 passes through the side wall of the box 28 and is connected to the push-pull plates 5. The hydraulic rod 6 is used to move the push-pull plates 5 according to the push-pull instructions received from the computer 12 to perform compression or stretching transformation on the three-dimensional geological model.

[0044] The optical machine box 1 can be arranged at the bottom of the mechanical transmitting arm 2. The optical machine box 1 is used to respond to the chip placement instruction sent by the computer 12 during the process of building the three-dimensional geological model, and place the fluid parameter reading chip at the position corresponding to each filling point in the three-dimensional geological model. The fluid parameter reading chip is used to detect the fluid parameters of each point, and send the detected fluid parameters to the computer 12. The computer 12 is used to determine the hydrocarbon expulsion capacity index and the oil and gas migration and accumulation index of the three-dimensional geological model according to the received fluid parameters.

[0045] In the above embodiment, the whole process of geological model construction, source rock hydrocarbon expulsion and reservoir migration and accumulation can be simulated under the same experimental conditions, which optimizes the series of repeated operations in the experimental process in the prior art; through the computer command input, the transmission slide device drives the 3D printing nozzle at the front end of the mechanical launch arm to print raw materials to build the geological model as needed; through the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device distributed in different areas on the partition plate, the different oil and gas filling pressures and temperatures at each filling point are adjusted during the experiment, avoiding the hydrocarbon expulsion process of the source rock layer under uniform temperature and pressure, making the subsequent experimental results more accurate and reliable; by equipping the optical machine box, the fluid parameter reading chip can be placed at different positions of the geological model during the geological model construction process, and a series of physical and chemical parameters of the oil and gas flowing through the chip, such as temperature, pressure and conductivity, can be measured during the oil and gas migration process, and the oil and gas migration path can be calibrated at the same time, solving the problem of not being able to observe the physical and chemical parameters and migration path of the oil and gas inside the geological model in real time; by installing hydraulic rods on both sides to drive the push-pull plate inside the device to move, the geological model can be extruded or stretched during the experiment.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present specification, the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device may also include a mechanical claw. The rod of the mechanical launch arm 2 can be set as a retractable rod, and the mechanical claw and the 3D printing nozzle 3 are nested and installed at the front end of the mechanical launch arm 2. After receiving the instruction of the computer 12, the 3D printing nozzle 3 will first extend the operation to build a three-dimensional geological model. During the experiment, the 3D printing nozzle 3 is retracted, and the mechanical claw adjusts the position of the three-dimensional geological model and the fluid parameter reading chip. In this embodiment, the mechanical claw at the front end of the mechanical launch arm can adjust the structure of the geological model and the position of the fluid parameter chip in real time during the experiment as needed.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of this specification, the top of the optical machine box 1 is connected to the bottom of the mechanical launch arm 2, and the connection is a 360° rotating groove. Figure 2 , shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the optical machine box in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 2 As shown, both sides of the optical machine box 1 are connected to the slide conveyor belt 13 of the transmission slide device 4. The optical machine box 1 is connected to the bottom of the mechanical launch arm 2, and the connection point is a 360° rotating groove 17. The slide conveyor belt 13 of the transmission slide device 4 drives the optical machine box 1 to translate horizontally. The interior of the optical machine box 1 is filled with a chip ejection magazine 16, an infrared rangefinder 14 and a fixed-focus laser 15. A plurality of chips are stored in the chip ejection magazine 16, and the chip ejection magazine 16 is equipped with an ejection device. The infrared rangefinder 14 and the fixed-focus laser 15 are used to locate the coordinates of any position in the box body 28, and transmit them in real time to cooperate with the chip ejection magazine 16 to release the fluid parameter reading chip.

[0048] In some embodiments of this specification, the fluid parameter reading chip integrates the fluid temperature, pressure, and conductivity inductive measuring devices, and is equipped with a signal transmitter to transmit the measurement results over a long distance. The chip area is about 1cm 2 The thickness is only 5mm, and the whole is made of high temperature and corrosion resistant materials, which has basically no effect on the experimental phenomena.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 3 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the fluid parameter reading chip in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 3 As shown, the fluid parameter reading chip may include a signal transmitter 26 and a fluid temperature, pressure and conductivity sensing device 27 .

[0050] Please refer to Figure 4 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 4In some embodiments of the present specification, the bottom of the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device 7 is connected to a liquid pool 21. The liquid pool 21 is used to store fluid. The temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device 7 can be provided with a temperature and pressure liquid pump 22, a one-way valve 23, a temperature and pressure interaction sensor 20, a pressure spring 19 and a base 18 from bottom to top. The temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device 7 can also include an information processor 24. The information processor 24 is connected to the computer 12 for communication.

[0051] When the three-dimensional geological model is located on the base 18, the pressure-sensing spring 19 is triggered, and the temperature-pressure interaction sensor 20 is used to detect the temperature and pressure signals, and send the temperature and pressure signals to the information processor 24, which integrates the temperature and pressure signals and transmits them to the computer 12. The temperature-increasing and pressurizing liquid pump 22 is used to heat and pressurize the fluid extracted from the liquid pool 21 and lift it upward according to the temperature-increasing and pressurizing instructions sent by the computer 12. The heated and pressurized fluid flows through the one-way valve 23 and the temperature-pressure interaction sensor 20 for calibration and is then filled into the three-dimensional geological model.

[0052] The bottom of the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is connected to a liquid pool 21, and a temperature and pressure liquid pump 22, a one-way valve 23, a temperature and pressure interactive sensor 20, a pressure-sensitive spring and a base 18 are arranged from bottom to top. When the overlying geological body is placed on the base 18, the pressure-sensitive spring is triggered to make the temperature and pressure interactive sensor 20 receive signals of different intensities according to the pressure, and transmit the signals to the information processor 24 in real time. The temperature and pressure liquid pump 22 can extract the fluid in the liquid pool 21, heat and pressurize it according to the command, and then flow through the upper one-way valve 23 and the temperature and pressure interactive sensor 20 for calibration and then be filled into the geological model.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present specification, the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device may also include a signal interaction receiver 11, which may be set on the box 28. The signal interaction receiver 11 is used to receive the fluid parameters sent by the fluid parameter reading chip and send the received fluid parameters to the computer 12.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present specification, the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device may also include a temperature and pressure information window 9, which is used to display the real-time temperature and pressure data of each filling point, and is also used to regulate the filling pressure and temperature of each filling point.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of the present specification, the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device may further include a timer 10. The timer 10 is used to time and display the entire experimental process.

[0056] The embodiments of this specification also provide a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method, which is based on the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device described in any of the above embodiments, and the method is applied to a computer. Figure 5 A flow chart of a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method in an embodiment of this specification is shown. Although this specification provides method operation steps or device structures as shown in the following embodiments or drawings, more or fewer operation steps or module units may be included in the method or device based on routine or no creative labor. In the steps or structures that do not logically have a necessary causal relationship, the execution order of these steps or the module structure of the device is not limited to the execution order or module structure described in the embodiments of this specification and shown in the drawings. When the method or module structure is applied to an actual device or terminal product, it can be connected according to the method or module structure shown in the embodiments or drawings for sequential execution or parallel execution (for example, a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed processing environment).

[0057] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, a three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method provided in one embodiment of this specification may include the following steps:

[0058] Step S501, generating an action instruction based on a pre-established digital model, and sending the action instruction to a transmission slide device; the transmission slide device is used to drive the 3D printing nozzle at the front end of the mechanical launch arm in response to the action instruction to construct the three-dimensional geological model on the partition plate.

[0059] Step S502, in the process of constructing the three-dimensional geological model, sending a chip placement instruction to the optical machine box; the optical machine box is used to place a fluid parameter reading chip at a position corresponding to each filling point in the three-dimensional geological model in response to the chip placement instruction.

[0060] Step S503, sending a push-pull instruction to the hydraulic rod; the hydraulic rod is used to move the push-pull plate in response to the push-pull instruction to perform compression or stretching transformation on the three-dimensional geological model.

[0061] Step S504, sending a filling instruction to the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device; the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is used to respond to the filling instruction to fill the corresponding liquid into the three-dimensional geological model; the fluid parameter reading chip is used to detect the fluid parameters of each filling point and send the fluid parameters to the computer.

[0062] Step S505, receiving the fluid parameters sent by the fluid parameter reading chip, and determining the hydrocarbon expulsion capacity index and the oil and gas migration and accumulation index of the three-dimensional geological model according to the fluid parameters.

[0063] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For details, please refer to the description of the above-mentioned related processing related embodiments, and no further description is given here.

[0064] The above is a description of a specific embodiment of the specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0065] The above method is described below in conjunction with a specific embodiment. However, it should be noted that the specific embodiment is only for better illustrating the present specification and does not constitute an improper limitation on the present specification.

[0066] In order to solve many problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a three-dimensional oil and gas accumulation physical simulation experimental device and experimental method for dynamic real-time observation of the whole process of oil and gas source-reservoir migration and accumulation.

[0067] The experimental device can simulate the whole process of geological model construction, source rock hydrocarbon expulsion and reservoir migration and accumulation under the same experimental conditions, and optimizes a series of repeated operations in the above experimental process. Through computer command input, the transmission slide device drives the 3D printing nozzle at the front end of the mechanical launch arm, and the printing raw materials are selected from brittle / plastic polymer materials according to needs, so as to build a geological model in all directions without blind spots.

[0068] The local formation pressure of the overlying strata is monitored in real time by using the pressure sensors distributed in different areas on the partition plate. After selecting the advantageous filling points, the different oil and gas filling pressures and temperatures of each filling point are adjusted during the experiment, thus avoiding the hydrocarbon expulsion process of the source rock layer under uniform temperature and pressure, making the subsequent experimental results more accurate and reliable.

[0069] The device is equipped with an optical machine box that can be positioned in three dimensions, and a chip ejection box inside it. During the construction of the geological model, the fluid parameter reading chip can be placed at different positions of the geological model without blind spots. During the migration of oil and gas, a series of physical and chemical parameters of the oil and gas flowing through the chip, such as temperature, pressure and conductivity, can be measured, and the migration path of the oil and gas can be calibrated at the same time, solving the problem of being unable to observe the physical and chemical parameters and migration path of the oil and gas inside the geological model in real time;

[0070] Hydraulic rods are installed on both sides of the experimental device to drive the push-pull plates inside the device to move, so that the geological model can be squeezed or stretched during the experiment. The mechanical claws at the front end of the mechanical launch arm can adjust the structure of the geological model and the position of the fluid parameter chip in real time during the experiment as needed; the filling points on the partition plate can adjust the oil and gas filling temperature and pressure, realizing real-time and dynamic control of relevant experimental conditions during the experiment.

[0071] The method and device in this embodiment divide the experimental device into a lower hydrocarbon discharge and filling area and an upper reservoir simulation area by using a partition plate in a closed state. The main structure includes an electrically controlled mechanical launch arm and a 3D printing nozzle, an optical machine box, a fluid parameter reading chip, a transmission slide rail, a hydraulic push-pull plate, a partition plate, a temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device, etc.

[0072] The mechanical launching arm is configured as a retractable rod, which can operate in all directions and at multiple angles in the experimental device in conjunction with the rotating axis. The front end of the mechanical launching arm is nested with a 3D printing nozzle and a mechanical claw. When receiving computer instructions, the 3D printing nozzle will extend out first to construct a geological model using brittle / plastic polymer materials as needed. After the construction is completed, the 3D printing nozzle will retract, and the mechanical claw will manually adjust the geological model and chip position.

[0073] The optical machine box is connected to the bottom of the mechanical launch arm, and the connection is a 360° rotating groove. The upper part of the optical machine box is connected to the transmission slide rail, which drives the device to move horizontally as a whole. The interior is filled with an infrared rangefinder and a fixed-focus laser, which can locate the coordinates of any position in the box and transmit them in real time, so as to facilitate the precise delivery of fluid parameter reading chips with the chip ejection magazine. The chip ejection magazine can store multiple chips and is equipped with an ejection device.

[0074] The fluid parameter reading chip integrates the fluid temperature, pressure, and conductivity inductive measuring devices, and is equipped with a signal transmitter to transmit the measurement results over long distances. The chip area is approximately 1cm 2 The thickness is only 5mm, and the whole is made of high temperature and corrosion resistant materials, which has basically no effect on the experimental phenomena.

[0075] The transmission rails are set up as two horizontal and two vertical interlocking types. The two transmission rods in the vertical direction are fixed in parallel to the top of the front and rear main windows of the box, and the transmission devices that are parallel and slidable are embedded on them to drive the horizontal rails to move in the vertical direction. The transmission rails integrate circuit devices and processors. After connecting to an external computer, they can control the mechanical launch arm, optical machine box, etc. in real time to complete operations such as displacement and chip placement.

[0076] The hydraulic rods on both sides of the experimental device are connected to the computer. According to the computer instructions, the push-pull plates connected to them can be moved during the experiment to perform compression or tension transformation on the geological model. The push-pull plates and the hydraulic rods are connected by a rotating shaft, and the push-pull plates on each side are also nested with a rotating shaft in the middle, so as to achieve multi-angle and partitionable tectonic activity simulation.

[0077] The partition plate is divided into eight areas, each area has 4 points evenly distributed. After each point is hollowed out, a temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is embedded. The partition plate is made of high temperature and high pressure resistant material.

[0078] The bottom of the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is connected to a liquid pool, and a temperature and pressure liquid pump, a one-way valve, a temperature and pressure interaction sensor, a pressure-sensitive spring and a base are arranged from bottom to top inside. When the overlying geological body is placed on the base, the pressure-sensitive spring is triggered to make the temperature and pressure interaction sensor receive signals of different intensities according to the pressure, and transmit the signal to the information processor in real time. The temperature and pressure liquid pump can extract the fluid in the liquid pool and heat and pressurize it according to the command, and then flow through the upper one-way valve and the temperature and pressure interaction sensor for calibration and then be filled into the geological model.

[0079] The periphery and partition plates of the experimental device in this embodiment are seamlessly spliced ​​with high-temperature and high-pressure resistant transparent plate materials; the optical machine box, mechanical launch arm, transmission slide rail, push-pull plate and temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device are made of high-temperature and high-pressure resistant metal materials, and can work normally at 20-200°C; small windows are distributed at the bottom of the four windows of the box body and connected to the information processor to real-time control the temperature and pressure information of the filling points in each area; the main window on the front is equipped with a timer and a fluid parameter reading chip signal receiver, which, after connecting to the computer, transmits and receives the integrated information.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 6 , shows a flow chart of the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method in this specific embodiment. Figure 6 As shown, in the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experiment, the computer 12 transmits the established digital model instructions to the simulation experiment device, and the mechanical launch arm 2 drives the 3D printing nozzle 3, and selects suitable brittle / plastic polymer printing materials to build a geological model on the partition plate 8; while building the geological model, the transmission slide device 4 receives the electrical signal to drive the optical machine box 1 to move, and the infrared rangefinder 14 and the fixed-focus laser 15 inside the optical machine box 1 are used for positioning. After receiving the chip placement instruction, the chip 16 ejection box will release the fluid parameter reading chip to the site, and the mechanical claw at the front end of the mechanical launch arm 2 can also adjust the site where the chip has been placed later; during the experiment, according to the actual geological structural activities, the hydraulic rod 6 can be driven by the electrical signal to drive the push-pull plate 5 to perform multi-angle partitioned extrusion or tension-type geological model transformation.

[0081] The temperature and pressure interactive sensor 20 and the temperature and pressure liquid pump 22 in the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device 7 are connected to the information processor 24. The overburden formation pressure F0 borne by the base 18 and the starting temperature T0 of the fluid in the liquid pool 21 are measured, and the measured data signal is transmitted to the signal processor 24 in real time. After being processed by the computer 25, the filling pressure F1, the filling temperature T1 and the filling fluid volume V1 are transmitted to the temperature and pressure liquid pump 22 to perform the temperature and pressure filling of the fluid upward; the temperature and pressure information window 9 can adjust the pressure and temperature of each filling point in real time;

[0082] When the oil and gas injected into the geological model flows through the fluid parameter reading chip at a certain point, the fluid temperature, pressure and conductivity sensing device 27 will sense in real time and record the fluid parameters of each point, namely, temperature T, pressure F and resistivity R. w The signal transmitter 26 transmits this information to the signal exchange receiver 11. After the signal is processed by the computer 12, the fluid movement trajectory in the geological body can be calculated, and the parameters can be fitted to obtain the hydrocarbon expulsion capacity index S of each filling point in the source rock layer (1). P , (2) source rock expulsion heterogeneity index H and (4) oil and gas migration and accumulation index S of local structural positions in the reservoir m , and draw the curves of changes in each parameter value. The computer can also perform three-dimensional imaging simulation of the oil and gas accumulation process by receiving the fluid resistivity measured by the chip on the fluid migration path;

[0083]

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, the hydrocarbon expulsion capacity index S P ; V 排 The volume of fluid filled at each filling point; △t is the time spent in the filling process; the hydrocarbon expulsion heterogeneity index H; n is the number of actual filling points during the experiment. If all filling points are opened for filling, then n=32.

[0087]

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, the oil and gas migration and accumulation index S m △L is the local structural position in the reservoir, the straight-line distance between the first chip that reads the parameter value and the last chip that reads the parameter value, obtained by the coordinates of the two chips; △t is the time taken for the filling process; R wFluid parameter reading chip reads the fluid resistivity; Tfluid parameter reading chip reads the fluid temperature; The average filling temperature of each filling point; F fluid parameter reading chip reads the fluid pressure; The average filling pressure of each filling point; n is the number of actual filling points during the experiment. If all filling points are opened for filling, then n=32.

[0091] In particular, the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation index S m It is only applicable to the evaluation of the oil and gas accumulation process of a single migration path. For the simulation of oil and gas migration and accumulation in multiple stages or different structures in the geological model, the computer 12 can repeatedly use the above method to calculate the index in stages, and fit the distribution curve of the oil and gas migration and accumulation index value in each stage, so as to characterize the structural characteristics in the geological model, such as the distribution pattern and occurrence of faults and folds, by the distribution characteristics of the curve.

[0092] This specification also provides a computer device, which can be found in Figure 7 The computer device structure diagram of the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method provided in the embodiment of this specification is shown, and the computer device may specifically include an input device 71, a processor 72, and a memory 73. Among them, the memory 73 is used to store processor executable instructions. When the processor 72 executes the instructions, the steps of the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method described in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0093] In this embodiment, the input device may specifically be one of the main devices for information exchange between the user and the computer system. The input device may include a keyboard, a mouse, a camera, a scanner, a light pen, a handwriting input board, a voice input device, etc.; the input device is used to input the original data and the program for processing these numbers into the computer. The input device can also obtain and receive data transmitted from other modules, units, and devices. The processor can be implemented in any appropriate manner. For example, the processor can take the form of a computer-readable medium, a logic gate, a switch, an application-specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), a programmable logic controller, and an embedded microcontroller, etc., such as a microprocessor or a processor and a computer-readable program code (such as software or firmware) that can be executed by the (micro) processor. The memory may specifically be a memory device used to store information in modern information technology. The memory may include multiple levels. In a digital system, anything that can store binary data can be a memory; in an integrated circuit, a circuit with a storage function without a physical form is also called a memory, such as a RAM, a FIFO, etc.; in a system, a storage device with a physical form is also called a memory, such as a memory stick, a TF card, etc.

[0094] In this embodiment, the functions and effects specifically realized by the computer device can be explained in comparison with other embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0095] A computer storage medium based on a three-dimensional physical simulation experimental method for oil and gas reservoir formation is also provided in an embodiment of the present specification. The computer storage medium stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed, the steps of the three-dimensional physical simulation experimental method for oil and gas reservoir formation described in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0096] In this embodiment, the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a cache, a hard disk (HDD) or a memory card. The memory may be used to store computer program instructions. The network communication unit may be an interface for network connection communication set in accordance with the standard specified by the communication protocol.

[0097] In this embodiment, the functions and effects specifically implemented by the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium can be explained in comparison with other embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0098] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the modules or steps of the above-mentioned embodiments of this specification can be implemented by a general computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices, and optionally, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order from that here, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. In this way, the embodiments of this specification are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0099] It should be understood that the above description is for illustration and not for limitation. Many embodiments and many applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of this specification should not be determined with reference to the above description, but should be determined with reference to the preceding claims and the full scope of equivalents to which these claims belong.

[0100] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of this specification and is not intended to limit this specification. For those skilled in the art, the embodiments of this specification may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this specification shall be included in the protection scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device, characterized in that: include: Box, partition board, temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device, mechanical launch arm, 3D printing nozzle, transmission slide device, optical machine box, push-pull board, hydraulic rod and computer; The partition plate is arranged in the box body, and a plurality of partitions are arranged on the partition plate, and at least one hollow filling point is arranged in each of the plurality of partitions, and the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is embedded and fixed in each filling point in each partition; The 3D printing nozzle is installed at the front end of the mechanical launching arm; the transmission slide device is connected to the mechanical launching arm; the transmission slide device is used to drive the 3D printing nozzle at the front end of the mechanical launching arm in response to the received action command sent by the computer, so as to construct a three-dimensional geological model on the partition board; The temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is used to fill the corresponding liquid into the three-dimensional geological model according to the filling instruction issued by the computer; The push-pull plates are arranged on both sides of the partition plate, the hydraulic rods pass through the side walls of the box body and are connected to the push-pull plates, and the hydraulic rods are used to move the push-pull plates according to the push-pull instructions received from the computer, so as to perform extrusion or stretching transformation on the three-dimensional geological model; The optical machine box is arranged at the bottom of the mechanical transmitting arm, and is used to respond to the chip placement instruction sent by the computer during the construction of the three-dimensional geological model, and place the fluid parameter reading chip at the position corresponding to each filling point in the three-dimensional geological model, and the fluid parameter reading chip is used to detect the fluid parameters of each point, and send the detected fluid parameters to the computer; the computer is used to determine the hydrocarbon expulsion capacity index and oil and gas migration and accumulation index of the three-dimensional geological model according to the received fluid parameters; Among them, the bottom of the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is connected to a liquid pool, the liquid pool is used to store fluid, and the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is provided with a temperature-increasing and pressurizing liquid pump, a one-way valve, a temperature-pressure interaction sensor, a pressure-sensing spring and a base from bottom to top; the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device also includes an information processor; the information processor is communicatively connected with the computer; when the three-dimensional geological model is located on the base, the pressure-sensing spring is triggered, the temperature-pressure interaction sensor is used to detect the temperature and pressure signal, and send the temperature and pressure signal to the information processor, and the information processor integrates the temperature and pressure signal and transmits it to the computer; the temperature-increasing and pressurizing liquid pump is used to heat and pressurize the fluid extracted from the liquid pool and lift it upward according to the temperature-increasing and pressurizing instructions sent by the computer, and the heated and pressurized fluid flows through the one-way valve and the temperature-pressure interaction sensor and is calibrated and then filled into the three-dimensional geological model; The top of the optical machine box is connected to the bottom of the mechanical launching arm; the two sides of the optical machine box are connected to the transmission slide rail device; the transmission slide rail device drives the optical machine box to translate laterally; the interior of the optical machine box is filled with a chip ejection magazine, an infrared rangefinder and a fixed-focus laser; a plurality of chips are stored in the chip ejection magazine, and the chip ejection magazine is equipped with an ejection device; the infrared rangefinder and the fixed-focus laser are used to locate the coordinates of any position in the box, so as to cooperate with the chip ejection magazine to launch the fluid parameter reading chip.

2. The three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-dimensional oil and gas accumulation physical simulation experimental device also includes a mechanical claw; The mechanical launch arm is configured as a retractable rod, the mechanical claw and the 3D printing nozzle are nested and installed at the front end of the mechanical launch arm, and upon receiving the instruction from the computer, the 3D printing nozzle will first extend to operate to construct the three-dimensional geological model; During the experiment, the 3D printing nozzle is retracted, and the mechanical claw adjusts the position of the three-dimensional geological model and the fluid parameter reading chip.

3. The three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fluid parameter reading chip integrates fluid temperature, pressure, and conductivity inductive measuring devices, and is equipped with a signal transmitter to transmit the measurement results over long distances.

4. The three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device also includes a signal interaction receiver, which is arranged on the box body. The signal interaction receiver is used to receive the fluid parameters sent by the fluid parameter reading chip and send the received fluid parameters to the computer.

5. The three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device also includes a temperature and pressure information window, which is used to display the real-time temperature and pressure data of each filling point and is also used to control the filling pressure and temperature of each filling point.

6. A three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental method, characterized in that: The method is based on the three-dimensional oil and gas reservoir physical simulation experimental device described in any one of claims 1 to 5; the method is applied to a computer, and the method comprises: Generate an action instruction based on the pre-established digital model, and send the action instruction to the transmission slide device; the transmission slide device is used to drive the 3D printing nozzle at the front end of the mechanical launch arm in response to the action instruction to build a three-dimensional geological model on the partition plate; In the process of constructing the three-dimensional geological model, a chip placement instruction is sent to the optical machine box; the optical machine box is used to place a fluid parameter reading chip at a position corresponding to each filling point in the three-dimensional geological model in response to the chip placement instruction; Sending a push-pull instruction to a hydraulic rod; the hydraulic rod is used to move the push-pull plate in response to the push-pull instruction to perform compression or stretching transformation on the three-dimensional geological model; Sending a filling instruction to the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device; the temperature and pressure monitoring and filling integrated device is used to fill the corresponding liquid into the three-dimensional geological model in response to the filling instruction; the fluid parameter reading chip is used to detect the fluid parameters of each filling point and send the fluid parameters to the computer; The fluid parameters sent by the fluid parameter reading chip are received, and the hydrocarbon expulsion capacity index and the oil and gas migration and accumulation index of the three-dimensional geological model are determined according to the fluid parameters.

7. A computer device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a processor and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor, wherein the steps of the method according to claim 6 are implemented when the processor executes the instructions.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: When the instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to claim 6 are implemented.

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