A portable microscopic observation system and field slope rock and soil sample observation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a portable mesoscopic observation system and a method for observing rock and soil samples in the field, which relate to the field of microscopic observation of slopes in the field. The portable mesoscopic observation system comprises a bracket group, a camera terminal, a lens group, a sample group and a service end. The camera terminal is used to obtain the image of the sample to be observed, and the image of the sample to be observed is transmitted to the service end. The image of the sample to be observed is processed by the service end to obtain a microscopic image of the sample to be observed, and the microscopic image of the sample to be observed is transmitted to a smart phone. The portable mesoscopic observation system and the method for observing rock and soil samples in the field provided by the present invention can be implemented to conveniently and stably obtain high-quality slope soil sample images under field conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of field slope microscopic observation, and more specifically to a portable microscopic observation system and a field slope rock and soil sample observation method. Background Art

[0002] Landslide is one of the most frequent, largest and widest geological disasters. Current research on geological disasters such as landslide is not only limited to macroscopic displacement, but also focuses on microscopic structures such as rock mineral composition and soil pore distribution. Most of the current research uses reshaped soil samples, and there is a lack of research on on-site rock and soil. In addition, due to the regional limitations of field surveys, the limitations of carrying equipment and the safety of surveyors, it is currently impossible to use large laboratory optical microscopes for field surveys.

[0003] The existing experimental observation technology has problems such as poor imaging quality, non-portability, complexity, and large limitations on the shooting environment. Currently, the imaging quality of mobile phones is limited, and the slices are close to the mobile phone camera, which causes the edges of the microscopic images to be distorted and unclear, making it difficult to observe the test results and the distribution of microscopic structures such as the pores in the rock and soil, affecting the analysis of the results. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a portable microscopic observation system and a field slope rock and soil sample observation method, which can conveniently and stably obtain high-quality slope soil sample images under field conditions.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is to provide a portable microscopic observation system, including: a bracket group, a camera terminal, a lens group, a sample group and a service end; the bracket group is used to fix the camera terminal, the lens group and the sample group; the camera terminal includes a camera and a light source, the camera terminal is used to obtain the image of the sample to be observed, transmit the image of the sample to be observed to the service end, and receive the image transmitted by the service end; the lens group is used to enhance the light reflected from the surface of the sample to be observed and amplify the shooting magnification of the camera terminal; the sample group is used to carry the sample to be observed; the server end is used to receive and process the image of the sample to be observed obtained by the camera terminal, obtain the microscopic image of the sample to be observed, and transmit the microscopic image of the sample to be observed to the camera terminal.

[0006] Furthermore, the lens group of the above-mentioned portable microscopic observation system includes a spherical lens, a collimating lens and a reflecting prism. The spherical lens is used to amplify the shooting magnification of the camera terminal, the collimating lens is used to correct the light source into parallel light, and the reflecting prism is used to reflect external light to the center of the sample group.

[0007] Furthermore, the bracket group of the above-mentioned portable microscopic observation system includes a ball lens bracket, a collimating lens bracket, a prism bracket, a tripod and a lifting platform; the ball lens bracket, the collimating lens bracket, the prism bracket and the tripod are connected from top to bottom in sequence by screws with gaskets, and the lifting platform is connected to the tripod by screws.

[0008] Furthermore, the ball lens holder of the portable microscopic observation system is provided with a circular hole in the middle part, which is used to install the ball lens; the lower part of the ball lens holder is provided with an open slide groove, which is used to slidably limit the sample group in the open slide groove; the collimator holder is provided with a circular hole, which is used to install the collimator; the prism holder is provided with a groove, which is used to install the reflecting prism; the tripod is used to fix the lens holder, the collimator holder, the prism holder and the lifting platform; the upper part of the lifting platform is provided with a card slot, which is retractable and used to slidably position the camera terminal in the card slot.

[0009] Furthermore, the sample group of the above-mentioned portable microscopic observation system includes a glass slide and a cover glass, the glass slide and the cover glass are made of transparent materials, the glass slide is used to carry the sample to be observed, and the cover glass is used to cover the sample to be observed, and the sample group is installed in an open slide groove of the ball lens bracket.

[0010] The present invention provides a method for observing rock and soil samples in the field, which is applied to the above-mentioned portable microscopic observation system and is characterized in that it includes: S1: installing a lens group into a bracket group, and installing a camera terminal onto a lifting platform; S2: adjusting a ball lens bracket, a collimating lens bracket and a prism bracket so that the ball lens is aligned with the camera of the camera terminal, and the collimating lens is aligned with the light source of the camera terminal; S3: obtaining a sample to be tested, using the sample group to make a glass slide from the sample to be tested, inserting the glass slide into an open slide groove of a ball lens bracket, and adjusting the position of the glass slide in the open slide groove so that the sample to be tested in the glass slide is closely attached to the ball lens; S4: turning on the light source of the camera terminal, using the camera terminal to obtain an image of the sample to be observed, and transmitting the image of the sample to be observed to a service end; S5: using the service end to process the image of the sample to be observed to obtain a microscopic image of the sample to be observed; S6: using the service end to transmit the microscopic image of the sample to be observed to the camera terminal.

[0011] Furthermore, step S5 of the above-mentioned field slope rock and soil sample observation method includes: S51: obtaining a reference object, photographing the reference object using a camera terminal, and obtaining a reference object picture; S52: calibrating the reference object picture using an orthodontic program to obtain camera calibration parameters; S53: correcting the image of the sample to be observed using an orthodontic program according to the camera calibration parameters to obtain a microscopic image of the sample to be observed.

[0012] Furthermore, the reference object of the above-mentioned field slope rock and soil sample observation method is a black and white checkerboard calibration plate, and the orthodontic program is Matlab software.

[0013] Furthermore, step S52 of the above-mentioned field slope rock and soil sample observation method includes: importing the reference object image into the camera calibration tool Camera Calibration in the Matlab software, and using the camera calibration tool Camera Calibration to detect the corner points of the reference object image; according to the size of the black and white chessboard calibration plate, using the camera calibration tool Camera Calibration, obtaining the camera calibration parameters; the camera calibration parameters include internal parameters and external parameter matrices; the internal parameters include focal length, optical center coordinates, lens radial distortion and tangential distortion.

[0014] Furthermore, step S53 of the above-mentioned field slope rock and soil sample observation method includes: inputting the camera calibration parameters into Matlab software, using Matlab software to call OpenCV function for correction, and obtaining internal and external parameter matrices; according to the internal and external parameter matrices, using Matlab software, correcting the image of the sample to be observed, and obtaining a microscopic image of the sample to be observed.

[0015] The portable microscopic observation system and field slope rock and soil sample observation method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The portable camera terminal and bracket group reduce the cost of field slope rock and soil sample observation; the lens group composed of a collimator, a spherical lens and a prism can make the shooting accuracy of a camera terminal such as an ordinary smart phone reach the accuracy of an optical microscope; the light source of the camera terminal such as a mobile phone flash can provide a lighting environment, reducing the limitations of field observation; the bracket group provides convenient and stable observation conditions for field observation of slope soil samples; the implementation of the field slope rock and soil sample observation method ensures the stability of the experimental results, can obtain real-time and rapid feedback, and reduces time costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the portable microscopic observation system provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the portable microscopic observation system provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the field slope rock and soil sample observation method provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a principle diagram of the optical path of a lens group of a portable microscopic observation system provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 The invention provides a black and white chessboard calibration plate.

[0023] In the figure, 1. camera terminal; 2. collimating lens; 3. collimating lens bracket; 4. ball lens; 5. ball lens bracket; 6. reflecting prism; 7. prism bracket; 8. tripod; 9. lifting platform; 10. screw; 11. screw with gasket; 12. sample group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a portable microscopic observation system, including: a bracket group, a camera terminal 1, a lens group, a sample group 12 and a server; the bracket group is used to fix the camera terminal 1, the lens group and the sample group 12; the camera terminal 1 includes a camera and a light source, the camera terminal 1 is used to obtain the image of the sample to be observed, transmit the image of the sample to be observed to the server, and receive the image transmitted by the server; the lens group is used to enhance the light reflected from the surface of the sample to be observed and amplify the shooting magnification of the camera terminal 1; the sample group is used to carry the sample to be observed; the server is used to receive and process the image of the sample to be observed obtained by the camera terminal 1, obtain the microscopic image of the sample to be observed, and transmit the microscopic image of the sample to be observed to the camera terminal 1.

[0026] Specifically, the lens group of the above-mentioned portable microscopic observation system includes a spherical lens 4, a collimating lens 2 and a reflecting prism 6. The spherical lens 4 is used to magnify the shooting magnification of the camera terminal 1, the collimating lens 2 is used to correct the light of the light source into parallel light, and the reflecting prism 6 is used to reflect external light to the center of the sample group 12.

[0027] Specifically, the bracket group of the portable microscopic observation system includes a ball lens bracket 5, a collimator bracket 3, a prism bracket 7, a tripod 8 and a lifting platform 9; the ball lens bracket 5, the collimator bracket 3, the prism bracket 7 and the tripod 8 are connected from top to bottom in sequence by screws 11 with gaskets, and the lifting platform 9 is connected to the tripod 8 by screws 10. Figure 2 shown.

[0028] Specifically, the ball lens bracket 5 of the above-mentioned portable microscopic observation system is provided with a circular hole in the middle, and the circular hole is used to install the ball lens 4; the lower part of the ball lens bracket 5 is provided with an open slide groove, and the open slide groove is used to slidably limit the sample group in the open slide groove; the collimator bracket 3 is provided with a circular hole, and the circular hole is used to install the collimator 2; the prism bracket 7 is provided with a groove, and the groove is used to install the reflecting prism 6; the tripod 8 is used to fix the lens bracket 5, the collimator bracket 3, the prism bracket 7 and the lifting platform 9; the upper part of the lifting platform 9 is provided with a card slot, and the card slot is retractable, and the card slot is used to slidably position the camera terminal 1 in the card slot.

[0029] Specifically, the sample group 12 of the above-mentioned portable microscopic observation system includes a glass slide and a cover glass. The glass slide and the cover glass are made of transparent materials. The glass slide is used to carry the sample to be observed, and the cover glass is used to cover the sample to be observed. The sample group 12 is installed in the open slide groove of the ball lens bracket 5.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the present embodiment provides a method for observing rock and soil samples in the field, which is applied to the above-mentioned portable microscopic observation system, and is characterized in that it includes: S1: installing the lens group into the bracket group, and installing the camera terminal 1 onto the lifting platform 9; S2: adjusting the ball lens bracket 5, the collimating lens bracket 3 and the prism bracket 7, so that the ball lens 4 is aligned with the camera of the camera terminal 1, and the collimating lens 2 is aligned with the light source of the camera terminal 1; S3: obtaining the sample to be tested, using the sample group 12, making the sample to be tested into a glass slide, and putting the glass slide into the open slide groove of the ball lens bracket 5, adjusting the position of the glass slide in the open slide groove, so that the sample to be tested in the glass slide is close to the ball lens 4; S4: turning on the light source of the camera terminal 1, using the camera terminal 1, obtaining the image of the sample to be observed, and transmitting the image of the sample to be observed to the service end; S5: using the service end, processing the image of the sample to be observed to obtain the microscopic image of the sample to be observed; S6: using the service end, transmitting the microscopic image of the sample to be observed to the camera terminal 1.

[0031] Specifically, step S5 of the above-mentioned field slope rock and soil sample observation method includes: S51: obtaining a reference object, using the camera terminal 1 to shoot the reference object, and obtaining a reference object picture; S52: using the orthodontic program, calibrating the reference object picture to obtain camera calibration parameters; S53: according to the camera calibration parameters, using the orthodontic program, correcting the image of the sample to be observed, and obtaining a microscopic image of the sample to be observed.

[0032] Specifically, the reference object of the above-mentioned field slope rock and soil sample observation method is a black and white checkerboard calibration plate, and the orthodontic program is Matlab software.

[0033] Specifically, step S52 of the above-mentioned field slope rock and soil sample observation method includes: importing the reference object image into the camera calibration tool Camera Calibration in the Matlab software, and using the camera calibration tool Camera Calibration to detect the corner points of the reference object image; according to the size of the black and white chessboard calibration plate, using the camera calibration tool Camera Calibration, obtaining the camera calibration parameters; the camera calibration parameters include internal parameters and external parameter matrices; the internal parameters include focal length, optical center coordinates, lens radial distortion and tangential distortion.

[0034] Specifically, step S53 of the above-mentioned field slope rock and soil sample observation method includes: inputting the camera calibration parameters into Matlab software, using Matlab software to call OpenCV function for correction, and obtaining the internal and external parameter matrix; according to the internal and external parameter matrix, using Matlab software, correcting the image of the sample to be observed, and obtaining the microscopic image of the sample to be observed.

[0035] In some embodiments, the portable microscopic observation system described above may be implemented in the following manner.

[0036] This embodiment provides a mobile phone microscope observation system suitable for microscopic observation of rock and soil landslide soil slices, the observation system includes a bracket group, a smart phone, a lens group, a sample group and an image calibration program, the image calibration program is implemented by MATLAB software, and its function is to eliminate the influence of distortion caused by the smart phone lens on the picture by calibrating the internal and external parameters of the camera. The core invention of the present invention is to make a lens group and a bracket group by yourself and apply the image calibration program to the sample image shooting process, and finally achieve the micron level after using the mobile phone magnification, and the imaging quality is comparable to that of an ordinary optical microscope, and the organic combination of the image calibration program makes the obtained sample image more accurate.

[0037] The lens group includes a ball lens, a collimator and two reflecting prisms. The collimator corrects the light emitted by the flash into a beam of parallel light; the reflecting prism reflects the light calibrated by the collimator to the center of the sample slice; the function of the ball lens is to magnify the shooting multiple by focusing parallel light. The positions of the components of the lens group are adjusted by the bracket group, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0038] The bracket group includes a collimator bracket, a ball lens bracket, a prism bracket and a tripod. The brackets are connected by screws and gaskets. The mounting grooves on the collimator bracket, the ball lens bracket and the prism bracket are respectively used to install various components of the lens group. The tripod is used to fix the entire observation system to maintain stability during the shooting process.

[0039] The smart phone is installed in the card slot of the lifting platform and slides and is assembled in the platform through the card slot.

[0040] The sample set includes a glass slide and a cover glass. The glass slide is used to place rock and soil slices, i.e. samples. The slice thickness is about 1 mm. The cover glass covers the center of the glass slide. Both the glass slide and the cover glass are made of high-transmittance glass materials with a transmittance of up to 98%. The microscope set is placed in the slot below the ball lens bracket, close to the ball lens.

[0041] The image calibration program is a module that processes the microscopic images of the samples stored in the smartphone. The processed microscopic images are transmitted back to the smartphone for storage and display. The image calibration program is implemented by the CameraCalibration tool in the Matlab software. Before each shooting, a group of photos with feature points of known size are prepared (such as a black and white chessboard. The present invention prepares a black and white chessboard calibration plate with a size of 10*10 cm, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the internal and external parameters of the smartphone used for shooting are calibrated, and the camera parameters are saved after calibration. The internal and external parameter matrix obtained is then called to realize image correction by OpenCV function.

[0042] Specifically, the mobile phone card slot installed on the lifting platform can be adjusted in size to accommodate mobile phones of various sizes.

[0043] Specifically, the ball lens bracket and the collimating lens bracket are provided with circular holes for installing the ball lens and the collimating lens, and the prism bracket is provided with a prism clamping slot.

[0044] Specifically, the screw moving device can enable the ball lens and the collimating lens to be aligned with the center of various models of smartphone cameras and flashes and better receive the light reflected by the prism, thereby forming a better optical path system.

[0045] Specifically, a microscope assembly is assembled in a slot below the ball lens, and two prisms can be moved respectively below the ball lens and the collimating lens, so that the light irradiated by the flash lamp is completely reflected by the prism to the patch composed of a slide glass and a cover glass.

[0046] Specifically, the tripod mainly controls the level and stability of the entire device, and the tripod is equipped with a level to correct the balance.

[0047] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned field slope rock and soil sample observation method can be implemented in the following manner.

[0048] The present embodiment provides a microscope image calibration program based on the above-mentioned assembled mobile phone microscope observation system, including the following steps; S1: Prepare calibration images. When the smartphone is not installed in the observation system, use the smartphone to take a group of calibration plate photos (a group of photos has 10 photos), and the calibration plate uses a black and white chessboard with a size of 10*10cm; S2: Import the 10 calibration plate photos in S1 into the Camera Calibration tool in the Matlab software. The Camera Calibration tool will automatically detect the corner points of the calibration plate and display the corner point positions in each image. Enter the correct calibration plate size, and then click the Calibration button. The program will automatically calculate the internal parameters and external parameter matrices of the smartphone in S1 (internal parameters are parameters that describe the internal properties of the camera, including focal length, optical center coordinates, distortion coefficients, etc.; external parameters are parameters that describe the position and posture of the camera in the world coordinate system. External parameters may change at different camera positions or shooting times); S3: After steps S1 and S2 are completed, S1 In step S4, the smartphone is installed into the lifting platform, and the sample is placed in the sample group consisting of a slide and a cover glass; S5: the sample group is installed into the card slot, and the bracket group and the lens group are fixed so that the center of the flash is aligned with the center of the collimator, the center of the reflecting prism is aligned with the center of the collimator and the center of the spherical lens respectively, and the sample is aligned with the center of the circular hole of the spherical lens below the smartphone camera; S6: the smartphone camera function is turned on, and the flash is always kept on during the shooting process to meet the turning-on conditions of the light source component, and the smartphone takes a microscopic image of the sample group; S7: the image taken by the smartphone is transmitted to the computer; S8: the obtained microscope image is screened and processed on the PC.

[0049] Specifically, in step S7, the PC side's method for microscope image processing is as follows: S71: Use any smart phone to take a sample picture, and the shooting operation is the same as the normal photo operation; S72: Open the Matlab software, input the internal and external parameter matrices obtained in S2, and directly call the function in OpenCV to calculate the corrected internal and external parameter matrices; S73: Import the sample picture taken in S71, and use the calculated parameters to correct the sample picture to obtain the corrected picture; S74: Export the corrected sample picture obtained in S73, and store it on the PC side for subsequent viewing and use.

[0050] In some embodiments, the portable microscopic observation system described above may be implemented in the following manner.

[0051] The portable microscopic observation system provided in this embodiment includes a bracket group, a camera terminal, a lens group, and a sample group.

[0052] The bracket group includes a ball lens bracket 5, a collimator bracket 3, a prism bracket 7, a tripod 8, and a lifting platform 9. The brackets are connected by screws 11 with gaskets, wherein the ball lens bracket 5 and the collimator bracket 3 are respectively provided with two circular holes, and the prism bracket 7 is provided with two grooves.

[0053] The camera terminal 1 is placed on a lifting platform 9 and connected via a card slot. The card slot is retractable to accommodate various types of mobile phones. The lifting platform 9 is connected to a tripod 8 via screws 10 to fix the camera terminal 1 .

[0054] The lens group includes a ball lens 4 and a collimator 2, which are installed in the round holes of the ball lens bracket 5 and the collimator bracket 3 in the bracket group according to their sizes, and are respectively aligned with the center of the camera head and the center of the flash of the camera terminal 1.

[0055] The reflecting prism 6 is installed in the groove of the prism holder 7 to form a reflecting element for illuminating the sample group 12 .

[0056] The sample group 12 is installed at the lower part of the ball lens bracket 5 through the card slot, and is close to the bottom of the ball lens 4 of the lens group.

[0057] The camera terminal 1 captures a microscopic image of the sample and transmits it to the server. The server corrects the image using a microscopic image orthodontic method and transmits it to the camera terminal 1 for display.

[0058] Specifically, the camera terminal 1 is a smart phone, and the server is a computer.

[0059] Specifically, the light source assembly of the portable microscopic observation system includes a flash, a collimator, and a prism. The light source is provided by a smartphone, enhanced by a lens group, and a spherical lens amplifies the smartphone shooting magnification.

[0060] Specifically, a card slot is provided above the lifting platform of the portable microscopic observation system, and the two sides of the smart phone can be slidably stuck in the card slot.

[0061] Specifically, an open slide groove is provided at the lower part of the ball lens support of the portable microscopic observation system, and the microscope module can be slidably limited in the slide groove.

[0062] Specifically, the server of the portable microscopic observation system is provided with an orthodontic system, which receives the microscopic image taken by the smart phone, performs orthodontic processing on the image, and then sends the processed image information to the smart phone for storage.

[0063] Specifically, the above-mentioned orthodontic system is Matlab software.

[0064] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned field slope rock and soil sample observation method can be implemented in the following manner.

[0065] The field slope rock and soil sample observation method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1: installing the lens group into the bracket group to form an optical component for microscopic imaging; S2: installing the smart phone on the lifting platform; S3: moving the ball lens bracket, the collimator bracket, and the prism bracket to align the lens group with the center of the smart phone camera and the flash to form a reflection loop to provide a sufficient lighting environment for shooting; S4: making the sample into a glass slide, installing it in the lower card slot of the ball lens bracket, close to the ball lens; S5: turning on the camera mode of the smart phone, turning on the flash, and the smart phone taking a microscopic image of the sample; S6: the smart phone transmits the captured microscopic image to the server; S7: the server processes the image, obtains the processing result, and sends the processed image to the server. The processed microscopic image is transmitted to the smart phone; in step S6, the server processes the microscopic image, and the specific method for obtaining the processing result is as follows: S61: the smart phone takes a checkerboard picture of the reference object; S62: the reference object picture is imported into the system for camera calibration; S63: after S62, the system outputs the camera calibration parameters, including camera extrinsic parameters, camera intrinsic parameters, lens radial distortion and tangential distortion; S64: the calibration parameters obtained in step S63 are input into the orthodontic program; S65: the sample mobile phone microscope image taken in S5 is imported; S66: the sample image is corrected through the orthodontic program to obtain a more accurate mobile phone microscope image; S67: the processed microscopic image obtained in S66 is transmitted back to the smart phone.

[0066] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable microscopic observation system, characterized in that: The portable microscopic observation system comprises a support group, a camera terminal (1), a lens group, a sample group (12) and a server; the support group is used to fix the camera terminal (1), the lens group and the sample group (12); the camera terminal (1) comprises a camera and a light source, the camera terminal is used to obtain an image of the sample to be observed, transmit the image of the sample to be observed to the server, and receive the image transmitted by the server; the lens group is used to enhance the light reflected from the surface of the sample to be observed and amplify the shooting magnification of the camera terminal (1); the sample group (12) is used to carry the sample to be observed; the server is used to receive and process the image of the sample to be observed obtained by the camera terminal (1), obtain a microscopic image of the sample to be observed, and transmit the microscopic image of the sample to be observed to the camera terminal (1); The lens group comprises a ball lens (4), a collimator (2) and a reflecting prism (6); the ball lens (4) is used to magnify the shooting magnification of the camera terminal (1); the collimator (2) is used to correct the light of the light source into parallel light; and the reflecting prism (6) is used to reflect external light to the center of the sample group (12); The support group comprises a ball lens support (5), a collimator support (3), a prism support (7), a tripod (8) and a lifting platform (9); the ball lens support (5), the collimator support (3), the prism support (7) and the tripod (8) are connected in sequence from top to bottom via screws (11) with gaskets, and the lifting platform (9) is connected to the tripod (8) via screws (10); The ball lens bracket (5) is provided with a circular hole in the middle, and the circular hole is used to install the ball lens (4); the ball lens bracket (5) is provided with an open slide groove at the bottom, and the open slide groove is used to slidably limit the sample group (12) in the open slide groove; the collimator bracket (3) is provided with a circular hole, and the circular hole is used to install the collimator (2); the prism bracket (7) is provided with a groove, and the groove is used to install the reflective prism (6); the tripod (8) is used to fix the lens bracket (5), the collimator bracket (3), the prism bracket (7) and the lifting platform (9); the lifting platform (9) is provided with a card slot at the top, and the card slot is retractable, and the card slot is used to slidably position the camera terminal (1) in the card slot; The sample group (12) comprises a glass slide and a cover glass. The glass slide and the cover glass are made of transparent materials. The glass slide is used to carry the sample to be observed, and the cover glass is used to cover the sample to be observed. The sample group (12) is installed in the open slide groove of the ball lens bracket (5).

2. A method for observing rock and soil samples in the field, applied to the portable microscopic observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: S1: installing the lens group into the bracket group, and installing the camera terminal (1) onto the lifting platform (9); S2: adjusting the ball lens bracket (5), the collimator bracket (3) and the prism bracket (7) so that the ball lens (4) is aligned with the camera of the camera terminal (1) and the collimator bracket (2) is aligned with the light source of the camera terminal (1); S3: obtaining a sample to be tested, using the sample set (12) to make a glass slide from the sample to be tested, placing the glass slide in an open slide groove of the ball lens holder (5), and adjusting the position of the glass slide in the open slide groove so that the sample to be tested in the glass slide is in close contact with the ball lens (4); S4: turning on the light source of the camera terminal (1), using the camera terminal (1) to obtain an image of the sample to be observed, and transmitting the image of the sample to be observed to the server; S5: using the server to process the image of the sample to be observed to obtain a microscopic image of the sample to be observed; S6: using the server to transmit the microscopic image of the sample to be observed to the camera terminal (1); Step S5 includes: S51: Acquire a reference object, and use the camera terminal (1) to photograph the reference object to obtain a reference object image; S52: Using an orthodontic program, calibrate the reference image to obtain camera calibration parameters; S53: Correcting the image of the sample to be observed using an orthodontic program according to the camera calibration parameters to obtain a microscopic image of the sample to be observed; The reference object is a black and white checkerboard calibration plate, and the orthodontic program is Matlab software; Step S52 includes: Importing the reference object image into the camera calibration tool Camera Calibration in Matlab software, and using the camera calibration tool Camera Calibration to detect the corner points of the reference object image; According to the size of the black and white checkerboard calibration plate, the camera calibration parameters are obtained using the camera calibration tool Camera Calibration; the camera calibration parameters include internal parameters and external parameter matrix; the internal parameters include focal length, optical center coordinates, lens radial distortion and tangential distortion; Step S53 includes: The camera calibration parameters are input into Matlab software, and the OpenCV function is called by Matlab software for correction to obtain the internal and external parameter matrix; According to the internal and external parameter matrix, the image of the sample to be observed is corrected using Matlab software to obtain a microscopic image of the sample to be observed.

Images