Controllable deflagration super-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device and operation method

Abstract

The application discloses a controllable deflagration super-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device based on, which comprises a high-pressure chamber, the high-pressure chamber is connected with an energy-adding medicament source, a high-pressure air source and a hydraulic source respectively, an internal high-energy igniter is arranged, an energy-adding medicament injection valve and a rapid pressure relief valve are arranged on the side wall, the rapid pressure relief valve is connected with a drilling packer through a gas guide pipe; the energy-adding medicament is prepared by mixing solid silyl silicate, SiO2 nanoparticles, nano carbon powder and organic powder according to a volume ratio of 100:100:5:1. The operation method comprises the steps of medicament injection, high-pressure air pressure charging, drilling hole sealing, ignition pressure relief rock breaking and cycle repeated operation, and the key parameters of the medicament filling amount, the pressure charging pressure, the hole sealing size and the deflagration pressure relief pressure are limited. The controllable deflagration of the medicament and the high-pressure air can generate a super-high pressure airflow to impact the rock mass, the rock can be broken in a single drilling hole and multiple cycles, the blasting pressure is controllable, the rock breaking efficiency is high, the device is convenient to disassemble and use, and the device is suitable for rock breaking construction scenes such as mines and tunnels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering construction machinery, and in particular to a controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] In mining, tunneling, road and municipal engineering projects, there is a significant amount of rock breaking work. Many projects, due to their small scale, strict control of explosives, and sensitive surrounding environments, cannot use explosive blasting methods to break the rock. Currently, mechanical rock breaking methods, such as rock drills and picks, are commonly used. They are highly adaptable to various environments and flexible, but their efficiency is greatly affected by the strength and integrity of the rock mass. When the rock mass is strong and has good integrity, their efficiency is low, and they cause serious noise pollution, which can severely disrupt the lives of nearby residents. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new rock breaking technologies that are energy-controlled, fast, efficient, and reusable.

[0003] Ultra-high pressure rock-breaking technology is a new approach to achieving efficient non-explosive rock breaking. However, there are still many challenges in the repeated excitation and precise control of ultra-high pressure gas, such as carbon dioxide blasting and pure oxygen blasting. These technologies have limited means of controlling ultra-high pressure gas and are prone to danger, making it difficult to promote and use on a large scale at present. Explosive fracturing technology can quickly achieve ultra-high pressure rock breaking, but this technology often uses high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the rapid combustion of gunpowder or propellant to form a shock wave to break the rock. However, this process has huge energy and is prone to risks. At present, this technology is often used for deep bottom pressure, such as oil and gas wells.

[0004] Combining the advantages of two rock-breaking technologies, a method for repeated rock-breaking based on controlled deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact is proposed. Through research and development, a device for controlling deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating gas is developed to control the ultra-high pressure gas and can be reused to achieve rock breaking using the deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact energy. CN 113959869 A proposes a high-pressure gas explosion experimental device and its usage method. This device can realize high-pressure air impact indoor rock-breaking experiments, but the energy is limited and cannot be applied to field operations, and it cannot further charge the high-pressure air to increase the impact power.

[0005] Currently, there is no mature equipment in the field of geotechnical engineering that has been put into use. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a rock-breaking device and operation method based on controllable explosive ultra-high pressure pulsating impact. This is essential for achieving rock breaking with controllable energy, speed and efficiency, and repeatable operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device and operation method, which is used to solve the technical problems of instability in the repeated excitation and precise control of ultra-high pressure gas in the prior art.

[0007] In view of the above problems, this application provides a controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device and its operation method.

[0008] The first aspect of this application provides a controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device, including a high-pressure chamber, an energy-enhancing agent injection valve disposed at the top of the high-pressure chamber, an energy-enhancing agent source disposed on one side of the energy-enhancing agent injection valve, a high-energy igniter disposed inside the high-pressure chamber, a rapid pressure relief valve disposed on one side of the high-pressure chamber, a hydraulic source disposed on one side of the rapid pressure relief valve, and a high-pressure air source disposed at the bottom of the high-pressure chamber.

[0009] The second aspect of this application provides an operation method for a controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device, characterized by the following steps: S100: Injecting an energizing agent, the prepared energizing agent is injected into the high-pressure chamber 1 through a split injection pump, the injection volume should be 0.3-0.7 times the volume of the high-pressure chamber 1; the energizing agent can contact the ignition rod 201 of the high-energy igniter 2; S200: Injecting high-pressure air, first close the energizing agent injection valve 3 and the quick pressure relief valve 4, and inject high-pressure air into the high-pressure chamber 1, the injection pressure value P1 is 25-45MPa; S300: Drilling and sealing the borehole, first complete the rock drilling operation, the borehole diameter is 113mm, the drilling depth is 2.5m, which can be adapted to the borehole packer 5, and the borehole packer is installed. 5. Lower the packer into the borehole and press it down to seal the borehole. The length of the sealed section is 30-50cm. S400: Ignition: Set the predetermined pressure value P2 of the high-pressure chamber 1 to 100-140MPa, start the high-energy igniter 2, and ignite the high-pressure air and the energy-enhancing agent. The two undergo a rapid combustion reaction, and the pressure of the high-pressure air increases rapidly. When the pressure value P2 of the high-pressure chamber 1 reaches the predetermined pressure value of 100-140MPa, the rapid pressure relief valve 4 opens rapidly to introduce ultra-high pressure gas into the borehole, forming a gas explosion effect on the rock mass to achieve the purpose of rock breaking. The pressure value P1 in S200 is less than the pressure value P2 in S400. S500 Repeat operation: Repeat the operation according to the steps of S100-S200.

[0010] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0011] The device of this invention uses high-pressure air as the impact medium, which can be directly produced on-site using a high-pressure air compressor. The material is readily available and the process is safe. The device uses high-pressure air to react with energy-enhancing agents to produce a rapid combustion or deflagration reaction, which can form an ultra-high-pressure gas with a pressure value that can exceed 200 MPa, far exceeding the pressure limit of mechanical supercharging.

[0012] The invented quick-release valve body achieves sealing through hydraulic high-pressure clamping, and simultaneously utilizes the impact force of ultra-high-pressure gas to quickly push the sealing piston to achieve the quick-release function. This sealing method can achieve sealing and quick-release of ultra-high-pressure gas up to 200MPa. The quick-release valve body has a simple structure, and the problem of cavitation of the sealing piston by ultra-high-pressure and high-temperature gas can be solved by quickly replacing the sealing piston, ensuring the normal function of the quick-release valve.

[0013] This device monitors the pressure of deflagration gas in real time using a high-frequency pressure sensor and controls the action of the rapid pressure relief valve via a PLC. The ultra-high pressure gas pressure value can be set as needed to achieve precise control of the ultra-high pressure impact energy of deflagration.

[0014] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 It is based on a controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device;

[0017] Figure 2 It is the energy-enhancing agent injection valve of the device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is the rapid pressure relief valve of the device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the method of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a pressure curve of the high-pressure chamber of the device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a blasting scene diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0022] In the diagram: 1. High-pressure chamber; 2. High-energy igniter; 201. Ignition rod; 202. High-energy ignition controller; 3. Energy-enhancing agent injection valve; 301. Valve body; 302. First sealing piston; 303. First control hydraulic port; 304. Injection channel; 4. Quick pressure relief valve; 401. Pressure relief valve body; 402. Second sealing piston; 403. Second control hydraulic port; 404. Quick pressure relief channel; 5. Drill packer; 6. Gas guide pipe; 7. Energy-enhancing agent source; 8. High-pressure air source; 9. Hydraulic source. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This application provides a controllable deflagration-based ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device and operation method, which is used to address the technical problems of instability in the repeated excitation and precise control of ultra-high pressure gas in the prior art.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device includes a high pressure chamber 1, an energy-enhancing agent injection valve 3 at the top of the high pressure chamber 1, an energy-enhancing agent source 7 on one side of the energy-enhancing agent injection valve 3, a high-energy igniter 2 inside the high pressure chamber 1, a fast pressure relief valve 4 on one side of the high pressure chamber 1, a hydraulic source 9 on one side of the fast pressure relief valve 4, and a high-pressure air source 8 at the bottom of the high pressure chamber 1.

[0026] Among them, the high-pressure chamber 1 is a cylindrical body made of titanium alloy, with openings at both ends and forming a sealed chamber through end caps on both sides. It has a volume of 30L, a pressure resistance limit of 300MPa, and can withstand a high temperature of 600℃.

[0027] The high-energy igniter 2 is an explosion-proof high-energy ignition device that can generate energy of no less than 20J. It forms an electric arc through high-voltage discharge, releasing energy to ignite the booster agent.

[0028] The high-energy igniter 2 includes an ignition rod 201 and a high-energy ignition control 202, with the ignition rod 201 penetrating into the high-pressure chamber 1.

[0029] The energy-enhancing agent injection valve 3 includes a valve body 301, a first sealing piston 302, a first control hydraulic port 303, and an injection channel 304. The first sealing piston 302 is slidably connected inside the valve body 301, and the first control hydraulic port 303 and the injection channel 304 that cooperate with the energy-enhancing agent source are provided on the outside of the valve body 301.

[0030] The energy-enhancing agent injection valve 3 is a specially designed large-diameter ultra-high-pressure sealing valve, consisting of a valve body 301 and a first sealing piston 302. The front-to-back pressure action area ratio of the first sealing piston 302 is 1:6. The valve body 301 and the first sealing piston 302 directly have two hydraulic oil chambers, one at the front and one at the back, which are connected to an external hydraulic source C through a first control hydraulic port 303. The maximum pressure value of the external hydraulic source C is not less than 35MPa. The pressure difference between the front and back hydraulic oil sources drives the first sealing piston 302 to move back and forth, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the energy-enhancing agent injection valve. Closing is achieved by generating a strong closing pressure through the powerful hydraulic oil source pressure, thus achieving an ultra-high-pressure gas seal of not less than 200MPa.

[0031] The quick pressure relief valve 4 includes a pressure relief valve body 401, a second sealing piston 402, a second control hydraulic port 403, and a quick pressure relief channel 404. The second sealing piston 402 is movably connected inside the pressure relief valve body 401. The pressure relief valve body 401 has a pair of quick pressure relief channels 404. The second control hydraulic port 403, which cooperates with the hydraulic source 9, is opened on the outside of the pressure relief valve body 401.

[0032] The quick-release valve 4 is a specially designed large-diameter, ultra-high-pressure sealing valve capable of rapid pressure relief. It consists of a pressure relief valve body 401 and a second sealing piston 402. The pressure-acting area ratio of the second sealing piston 402 is 1:6, enabling ultra-high-pressure gas sealing at a pressure of not less than 200 MPa. By rapidly reducing the external hydraulic source pressure and under the ultra-high pressure of the high-pressure chamber 1, the quick-release valve 4 opens rapidly, achieving the purpose of rapid pressure relief.

[0033] The quick-release valve 4 has an air guide pipe 6 at its top, and a borehole packer 5 at its bottom. The borehole packer 5 is a commonly used borehole packer, with a hollow tube in the middle and a sealing diameter of 103 mm, allowing for three boreholes to be drilled in a single impact rock-breaking operation. The outer ring of the borehole packer has four sealing capsules; the expansion and compression of these capsules achieves complete sealing between the packer and the borehole. The sealing pressure is not less than 200 MPa.

[0034] Among them, the air guide tube 6 is a high-pressure resistant large-diameter air tube, and the middle section uses a high-pressure resistant large-diameter flexible tube with a pressure resistance value of not less than 1.5 times the maximum ultra-high pressure and an inner diameter of 25mm.

[0035] The energy-enhancing agent injection valve 3 is used to inject the energy-enhancing agent. The energy-enhancing agent is formulated by mixing solid silyl alkyl silica, SiO2 nanoparticles, nano carbon powder and organic powder in a volume ratio of 100:100:5:1. After thorough mixing, a highly fluffy powder is formed and injected into the high-pressure chamber 1 through a powder pump.

[0036] like Figure 4 The operation methods of the controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure impact repeated rock breaking device are divided into:

[0037] Inject the boosting agent. The prepared boosting agent is injected into the high-pressure chamber 1 through a split injection pump. The injection volume should be 0.3-0.7 times the volume of the high-pressure chamber 1. The boosting agent can contact the ignition rod 201 of the high-energy igniter 2.

[0038] Inject high-pressure air. First, close the energy-enhancing agent injection valve 3 and the quick pressure relief valve 4, and then inject high-pressure air into the high-pressure chamber 1. The injection pressure value P1 is 25-45 MPa.

[0039] Drilling and sealing: First, complete the drilling operation in the rock mass. The diameter of the hole is 113mm and the depth is 2.5m. It can be matched with the hole packer 5. The hole packer 5 is lowered into the hole and then pressed to seal the hole. The length of the sealing section is 30-50cm.

[0040] Ignition is initiated by setting the predetermined pressure value P2 of the high-pressure chamber 1 to 100-140MPa. The high-energy igniter 2 is then activated to initiate ignition. The high-pressure air and the energy-enhancing agent are ignited, and a rapid combustion reaction occurs. The pressure of the high-pressure air increases rapidly. When the pressure value P2 of the high-pressure chamber 1 reaches the predetermined pressure value of 100-140MPa, the rapid pressure relief valve 4 opens rapidly, allowing ultra-high pressure gas to be introduced into the borehole, creating a gas explosion effect on the rock mass and achieving the purpose of rock breaking. The pressure value P1 in S200 is less than the pressure value P2 in S400.

[0041] Repetitive tasks: Carry out repetitive tasks according to steps S100-S200.

[0042] like Figure 5 The pressure curve of the high-pressure chamber is generated once, and the maximum pressure of the ultra-high pressure gas can reach 122 MPa. The ultra-high pressure gas can be released quickly and can form an impact pressure.

[0043] Figure 6 The rock mass was well broken during this impact rock breaking test, with the broken area extending 1.5 to 2 meters from the borehole center. No significant rock fragmentation occurred, indicating good safety.

[0044] Preferably, the injection volume in the first step should be 0.5 times the volume of the high-pressure chamber 1; the injection pressure P1 in the second step is 35 MPa; the sealing section length in the third step is 40 cm; and the predetermined pressure P2 of the high-pressure chamber 1 in the fourth step is 120 MPa.

[0045] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely illustrative examples of this application and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from its scope. Thus, if such modifications and modifications fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents, this application intends to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. An operation method for a controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device, characterized in that, The controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device includes a high-pressure chamber (1), an energy-enhancing agent injection valve (3) is provided at the top of the high-pressure chamber (1), an energy-enhancing agent source (7) is provided on one side of the energy-enhancing agent injection valve (3), a high-energy igniter (2) is provided inside the high-pressure chamber (1), a fast pressure relief valve (4) is provided on one side of the high-pressure chamber (1), a hydraulic source (9) is provided on one side of the fast pressure relief valve (4), and a high-pressure air source (8) is provided at the bottom of the high-pressure chamber (1). The energy-enhancing agent injection valve (3) is used to inject energy-enhancing agents. The energy-enhancing agent formula is a mixture of solid silyl alkyl silicate, SiO2 nanoparticles, nano carbon powder and organic powder in a volume ratio of 100:100:5:

1. After thorough mixing, a highly fluffy powder is formed and injected into the high-pressure chamber (1) by a powder pump. The operation method includes the following steps: S100: Inject the energy-enhancing agent. The prepared energy-enhancing agent is injected into the high-pressure chamber (1) through a split injection pump. The injection volume should be 0.3-0.7 times the volume of the high-pressure chamber (1). The energy-enhancing agent can contact the ignition rod (201) of the high-energy igniter (2). S200: Inject high-pressure air. First, close the energy-enhancing agent injection valve (3) and the quick pressure relief valve (4), and inject high-pressure air into the high-pressure chamber (1). The injection pressure value P1 is 25-45MPa. S300: Drilling and sealing. First, complete the drilling operation in the rock mass. The diameter of the drilling hole is 113mm and the drilling depth is 2.5m. It can be matched with the drilling packer (5). The drilling packer (5) is lowered into the drilling hole and the drilling packer (5) is pressed to complete the sealing. The length of the sealing section is 30-50cm. S400: Ignition is initiated. The predetermined pressure value P2 of the high-pressure chamber (1) is set to 100-140MPa. The high-energy igniter (2) is started to initiate ignition. The high-pressure air and the energy-enhancing agent are ignited and undergo rapid combustion reaction. The pressure of the high-pressure air increases rapidly. When the pressure value P2 of the high-pressure chamber (1) reaches the predetermined pressure value of 100-140MPa, the rapid pressure relief valve (4) is opened quickly to introduce ultra-high pressure gas into the borehole and form a gas explosion effect on the rock mass to achieve the purpose of breaking the rock. Among them, the pressure value P1 in S200 is less than the pressure value P2 in S400. S500 Repetitive Operations: Perform repetitive operations according to steps S100-S200.

2. The operating method of the controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-energy igniter (2) includes an ignition rod (201) and a high-energy ignition control (202), wherein the ignition rod (201) extends into the interior of the high-pressure chamber (1).

3. The operating method of the controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-enhancing agent injection valve (3) includes a valve body (301), a sealing piston (302), a control hydraulic port (303), and an injection channel (304). The sealing piston (302) is slidably connected inside the valve body (301), and the control hydraulic port (303) and the injection channel (304) that cooperate with the energy-enhancing agent source are provided on the outside of the valve body (301).

4. The operation method of the controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quick pressure relief valve (4) includes a pressure relief valve body (401), a sealing piston (402), a control hydraulic port (403), and a quick pressure relief channel (404). The sealing piston (402) is movably connected inside the pressure relief valve body (401). A pair of quick pressure relief channels (404) are provided in the pressure relief valve body (401). The control hydraulic port (403) that cooperates with the hydraulic source (9) is provided on the outside of the pressure relief valve body (401).

5. The operating method of the controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quick pressure relief valve (4) is provided with an air guide pipe (6) at the top and a borehole packer (5) is provided at the bottom of the air guide pipe (6).

6. The operation method of the controllable deflagration ultra-high pressure pulsating impact repeated rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection volume in S100 should be 0.5 times the volume of the high-pressure chamber (1); The injection pressure value P1 in S200 is 35MPa; The length of the sealing section in S300 is 40cm; The predetermined pressure value P2 of the high-pressure chamber (1) in the S400 is 120MPa.

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