A method for preparing and applying flexible blended textiles for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration.

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for preparing a flexible blended textile for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration. It utilizes the capillary action of hydrophilic fibers to allow water to flow through micro-nano porous channels. During the operation of the evaporative power generation fabric (TEPG), a small amount of water is dripped onto the negative electrode side, forming asymmetrically wetted PEDOT:PSS-coated flexible fibers. At the interface between the wet and dry PEDOT:PSS fibers, a water content gradient drives continuous capillary flow of water from the wet side to the dry side, promoting ion interaction and improving the electro-electricity generation performance. By weaving the obtained PEDOT:PSS fibers, polyaniline photothermal fibers, hydrophilic fibers, and other functional fibers according to a specific interlacing pattern, a flexible blended textile for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration is obtained. By adjusting the number of hydrophilic fibers, an output current of 116.76 μA and a yield of 1.6 kg m³ can be achieved under sunlight irradiation. ‑2 h ‑1 The rate of water evaporation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of combined water and electricity generation, and in particular to a method for preparing and applying flexible blended textiles for solar-driven combined water and electricity generation. Background Technology

[0002] Water and energy are key elements for sustainable social development. With the advancement of economic modernization, the scarcity of water and energy resources urgently needs to be addressed. Responding to the freshwater crisis by accelerating energy consumption and polluting the environment is unacceptable and cannot be a long-term strategy. Therefore, pollution-free methods that do not require energy supply are needed to address these crises. The rapid development of solar-driven interfacial water evaporation technology has gradually made it a feasible solution to the water and energy crises.

[0003] In recent years, researchers have focused on developing advanced light absorbers and designing novel evaporation structures to improve photothermal conversion efficiency. Simultaneously, how to fully utilize the various energy sources generated during interfacial water evaporation and convert them into the required electrical energy has become a hot topic. Currently, although some power generation strategies, such as thermoelectric conversion, triboelectric power generation, and salinity power generation, have been integrated into evaporation systems to fully utilize solar energy, these multifunctional devices are typically non-integrated systems, requiring additional components such as thermoelectric modules and ion-selective membranes. This inevitably leads to problems such as high cost and low energy efficiency, posing significant challenges to the packaging of commercial equipment.

[0004] Recently, a novel energy conversion method for water evaporation power generation has been proposed and applied to evaporation structures, offering unique advantages. Firstly, it directly converts the thermal energy absorbed from the environment and the mechanical energy generated by capillary action into electrical energy through water evaporation. This is a spontaneous reaction that can be completed automatically without complex mechanical devices or additional energy input. Secondly, water covers 71% of the Earth's surface, and water vapor or water molecules are ubiquitous in the environment.

[0005] The water evaporation process begins with some molecules on the liquid surface gaining enough energy to overcome surface tension and internal liquid attraction, transforming into a gaseous state. The thermal motion of molecules within the liquid results in a widespread energy distribution, allowing some molecules to reach sufficiently high energy levels to detach from the liquid surface and join the gaseous water vapor. Therefore, water evaporation-induced power generation technology has shown great application potential and prospects as a novel renewable energy source in fields such as self-powered energy, flexible wearable devices, and green hybrid energy harvesting, thus attracting widespread attention. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in the prior art, the first technical solution of this application discloses a method for preparing a flexible blended textile for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration, comprising: arranging PEDOT:PSS fibers, polyaniline fibers, and hydrophilic fibers on warp or weft threads and weaving them together.

[0007] Furthermore, the hydrophilic fiber is obtained by pretreating flexible fibers by soaking them in an aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate for 20-30 minutes, followed by drying.

[0008] Furthermore, the PEDOT:PSS fiber is obtained by placing the hydrophilic fiber in a PEDOT:PSS mixed solution, impregnating and stretching it until the PEDOT:PSS fiber resistance changes from KΩ to MΩ, and then drying it.

[0009] Furthermore, the polyaniline fiber is obtained by reacting the hydrophilic fiber in a mixed solution containing ammonium persulfate, hydrochloric acid, aniline and ethanol, and then drying it.

[0010] Furthermore, the drying temperature is 60°C and the drying time is 1-2 hours.

[0011] Furthermore, the raw materials include other functional fibers.

[0012] Furthermore, the diameter of a single fiber is 0.8 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, when the fibers are arranged on the warp, the warp spacing is 5-10 mm; when they are arranged on the weft, the weft spacing is 0.5-5 mm.

[0014] The second technical solution of this application discloses a flexible blended textile for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration prepared according to the above preparation method.

[0015] The third technical solution of this application discloses the application of the above-mentioned flexible blended textiles for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration in seawater desalination, i.e., water evaporation power generation.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration flexible blended textile of the present invention has a simple preparation process, low equipment requirements, low preparation cost, and is easy to achieve large-scale production, and has broad application prospects in the field of water-electricity cogeneration.

[0018] 2. This invention utilizes the capillary action of flexible fibers to allow water to flow through the micro-nano pores of the material. During the operation of the evaporative power generation fabric (TEPG), a small amount of water is dripped onto the negative electrode side, forming an asymmetric wetted PEDOT:PSS-coated flexible fiber. At the interface between the wet and dry PEDOT:PSS fibers, a water content gradient drives a continuous capillary flow of water from the wet side to the dry side. Because PEDOT:PSS possesses a good ion adsorption mechanism and sufficient electronic conductivity, it can bind to TEPG to promote ion interactions, thereby improving the power generation performance.

[0019] 3. This invention obtains a flexible blended textile for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration by weaving PEDOT:PSS fiber material, polyaniline photothermal fiber, hydrophilic fiber, and other functional fiber materials according to a certain interlacing pattern. By adjusting the number of hydrophilic fibers, an output current of 116.76 μA and a power output of 1.6 kg m³ can be achieved under sunlight irradiation. -2 h -1 The rate of water evaporation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the voltage across different resistors in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the current of different resistors in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the photothermal performance results of polyaniline fibers in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a flexible blended textile for combined water and electricity production, an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the current results of different hydrophilic fibers in a flexible blended textile produced by combined water and electricity generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement of water evaporation rates of different hydrophilic fibers in a flexible blended textile produced by combined water and electricity generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the current results of different hydrophilic fibers in the water evaporation power generation fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various modifications are obvious as long as they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and determined by the appended claims. All inventions utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected. Experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, were performed under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments used, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available products.

[0028] The first embodiment of this application relates to the preparation of a flexible blended textile for solar-driven combined hydropower generation, comprising: arranging PEDOT:PSS fibers, polyaniline fibers, and hydrophilic fibers on warp or weft threads and weaving them together.

[0029] The hydrophilic fiber is prepared by soaking the flexible fiber in an aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate for 20-30 minutes and then drying it.

[0030] In this embodiment, the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate aqueous solution is prepared by mixing sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and deionized water at a ratio of 0.2g:40ml.

[0031] In this embodiment, the hydrophilic fiber provides water to the PEDOT:PSS fiber, utilizing the capillary action of the fiber to transport the water to the PEDOT:PSS fiber, creating a potential difference between the dry and wet sides, thereby generating electricity. The PEDOT:PSS fiber functions as a power generation device. The polyaniline fiber is a photothermal material; its function is that when a large amount of water is transported from the wet area to the dry area of ​​the PEDOT:PSS fiber, under the action of light, the polyaniline fiber converts light energy into heat energy, and a large amount of water is evaporated, creating an asymmetry between the dry and wet sides of the PEDOT:PSS fiber, thus enabling the PEDOT:PSS fiber to continuously output electrical energy.

[0032] It is understood that the pretreatment of the flexible fiber is to clean the flexible fiber, which is a conventional treatment method in the field. In the specific embodiment of this application, the method is as follows: cut the flexible fiber material with a diameter of 0.8 mm into 12 cm / pieces, place it in anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 20-30 min, then ultrasonic cleaning with deionized water for 10-20 min, and finally repeatedly clean it with deionized water.

[0033] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the hydrophilic fiber is not only one of the raw materials for flexible blended textiles for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration, but also the basis for preparing PEDOT:PSS fiber and polyaniline fiber. In other words, the hydrophilic fiber mentioned in the PEDOT:PSS fiber and polyaniline fiber below is the hydrophilic fiber prepared by this embodiment.

[0034] The PEDOT:PSS fiber is obtained by placing hydrophilic fibers in a PEDOT:PSS mixed solution, immersing and stretching them until the PEDOT:PSS fiber resistance changes from KΩ to MΩ, and then drying them.

[0035] The PEDOT:PSS mixed solution described in this embodiment is obtained by mixing PEDOT:PSS solution and deionized water at a volume ratio of 1:10. The PEDOT:PSS solution is commercially available, and this application specifically purchased it from Xi'an Yuri Solar Energy Technology Co., Ltd.

[0036] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the number of dip-pull cycles is based on changing the PEDOT:PSS fiber resistance from KΩ to MΩ. This is because dip-pull cycles can control the load of PEDOT:PSS on the hydrophilic fiber, and the load of PEDOT:PSS ultimately affects the maximum possible current and voltage output of the PEDOT:PSS fiber.

[0037] One specific embodiment of this application provides the altered electrical output results by impregnating and pulling PEDOT:PSS fibers to different resistances.

[0038] Test method: The open-circuit potential test voltage and constant potential polarization test current were used in an electrochemical workstation. Furthermore, the electrode distance of the PEDOT:PSS fiber composite material was 10 cm, the water content at the negative electrode was 0.02 ml, and the test time was 3500 s.

[0039] Test results: such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the voltages of PEDOT:PSS fiber composite materials with resistances of 35KΩ, 70KΩ, 400KΩ, 780KΩ, 1.2MΩ, 10.2MΩ, and 12.5MΩ are 0.72V, 0.88V, 0.99V, 1.12V, 1.13V, 1.15V, and 1.19V, respectively; the currents are 19.08μA, 10.77μA, 3.95μA, 2.35μA, 0.8μA, 0.14μA, and 0.09μA, respectively. It can be seen that the voltage of the PEDOT:PSS fiber composite material increases with increasing resistance, and after changing from KΩ to MΩ, the increase in voltage decreases with further increases in resistance. Therefore, a resistance of 1.2MΩ for the PEDOT:PSS fiber composite material is the optimal setting for voltage testing. However, it is understandable that when the voltage changes from KΩ to MΩ, the voltage increase tends to stabilize. Therefore, the number of impregnation and lifting operations mentioned in this application is based on changing the resistance of PEDOT:PSS fiber from KΩ to MΩ, not specifically referring to a resistance of 1.2MΩ, but rather to the moment or instant during which the resistance changes from KΩ to MΩ.

[0040] The polyaniline fiber is obtained by reacting hydrophilic fibers in a mixed solution containing ammonium persulfate, hydrochloric acid, aniline and ethanol, and then drying them.

[0041] Specifically, the mixing ratio of ammonium sulfate, hydrochloric acid, aniline and ethanol in the mixed solution is 1.141g: 50mL: 460μL: 1mL, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 1mol / L, the purity of aniline is 99%, and the purity of ethanol is 99.7%.

[0042] The polyaniline fibers prepared in this embodiment are used to absorb sunlight and convert light energy into heat energy. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the prepared polyaniline fiber (5cm) was subjected to photothermal testing under standard simulated solar light, and the results are as follows. Figure 3 As shown, at 1kW·m -2 Under light intensity, the temperature reached 36.4℃ after 5 minutes of irradiation, indicating that the polyaniline prepared in this application can heat up rapidly and has the characteristic of absorbing light energy and converting it into heat energy.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, the drying temperature of the drying process mentioned above is 60°C, and the drying time is 1-2 hours.

[0044] In a further embodiment of this application, the PEDOT:PSS fibers, polyaniline fibers, and hydrophilic fibers are arranged on the warp or weft.

[0045] It should be noted that those skilled in the art should understand that the specific weaving method is a common weaving method. All three types of fibers in this application can be used as warp or weft threads for weaving, and the required quantity, diameter of a single fiber, and fiber spacing during weaving depend on the size of the woven product and are not limited by the specific embodiments of this application. For ease of explanation, this application provides preferred embodiments.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, all individual fibers have a diameter of 0.8 mm during weaving, and the specific weaving method is as follows:

[0047] Ordinary fibers with a diameter of 0.8mm are used as warp threads. One end of the warp thread is passed through the warp beam and fixed to the front spool. Five PEDOT:PSS fiber composite materials with a diameter of 0.8mm and a length of 12cm are fixed on the ordinary fibers. The other end is passed through the heald frame (carding plate and spool exchange control plate) and fixed to the rear spool. The heald frame is adjusted up and down by adjusting the spool exchange controller to control the alternating direction of the warp threads. Under the adjustment of the spool exchange controller, the warp threads are exchanged to form upper and lower layers, and a shed is formed in the middle.

[0048] Hydrophilic fibers with a diameter of 0.8 mm are selected as weft yarns, with ordinary fibers used to supplement the rest. The weft yarns pass through the shed under the pull of the ribs, and then the carding plate is used to straighten the passed weft yarns. Then, the bobbin exchange controller is adjusted again to change the alternation direction of the warp yarns, causing the shed to close and form a new shed. After that, the weft yarns pass through the shed again under the pull of the ribs, and the warp and weft yarns interweave, repeating the above operation.

[0049] Next, using polyaniline fibers with a diameter of 0.8 mm and a length of 153 cm as weft, the above steps were repeated to weave a polyaniline fabric with an area of ​​1.5 × 5 cm. The remainder was supplemented with ordinary fibers. The resulting flexible blended textile produced by combined water and electricity is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the size is 9cm × 5cm.

[0050] It is understood that the fibers prepared in this application may also include other functional fibers, such as ordinary fibers that play a fixing role.

[0051] Furthermore, when the fibers are arranged on the warp, the warp spacing is 5-10 mm; when arranged on the weft, the weft spacing is 0.5-5 mm.

[0052] The second embodiment of this application investigated the effect of different amounts of hydrophilic fibers on the properties of woven flexible blended textiles for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration.

[0053] Experimental method: When the PEDOT:PSS fiber composite material is fixed (5 fibers in this application), the effect of changing the number of hydrophilic fibers (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20 fibers) on the current and water evaporation rate is investigated. The preparation method is the same as the first embodiment.

[0054] The 1-hour current test involved placing the hydrophilic fibers on both sides of the textile in an aqueous solution containing 3.5 wt% NaCl, and then exposing the polyaniline fabric module to standard simulated sunlight for 1 hour.

[0055] The water evaporation rate test was conducted as follows: the hydrophilic fibers on both sides of the textile were placed in an aqueous solution containing 3.5 wt% NaCl, and the weight was recorded; the polyaniline fabric module was placed under a standard simulated sunlight for 1 hour, and the weight was recorded after the irradiation time was over.

[0056] Experimental results: Figure 5 The results of the 1-hour current test show that the obtained currents are 37.16 μA, 50.04 μA, 61.83 μA, 75.03 μA, 79.34 μA, 81.23 μA, 112.13 μA, 116.76 μA, and 116.44 μA, respectively. Analysis reveals that as the number of hydrophilic fibers increases, the current initially increases and then stabilizes. When the number of hydrophilic fibers is low, the wetting time of the 5 PEDOT:PSS fiber composite material is longer, and the current is lower; as the number of hydrophilic fibers increases, the current gradually increases and then stabilizes. This is because the wetting time of the PEDOT:PSS fiber composite material decreases, and the current increases. Due to the capillary action of the PEDOT:PSS fibers, the water absorbed is transported to the polyaniline fibers. Under light, the polyaniline fibers convert photothermal energy into heat energy, and a large amount of water evaporates, thus creating an asymmetry between the dry and wet sides of the PEDOT:PSS fibers and generating electricity continuously.

[0057] Figure 6 The results of water vapor evaporation tests show that adjusting the number of hydrophilic fibers can effectively improve the water evaporation rate. As the number of hydrophilic fibers increases, the water evaporation rate initially increases, then gradually decreases and tends to stabilize. The highest water evaporation rate of 1.6 kg m³ was reached when there were 12 hydrophilic fibers. -2 h -1 This is because a high water evaporation rate requires the amount of water absorbed by the fiber capillary action to match the amount of water consumed by evaporation. If the water delivery rate is too slow, there will be insufficient moisture on the fabric surface, which will prevent the heat energy converted from light energy from being fully utilized. If the water delivery rate is too fast, water will accumulate on the fabric surface, which will weaken the sunlight reaching the fabric and reduce the light and heat conversion efficiency of the fabric.

[0058] Comparative Example 1: Flexible Blended Textiles with Solar-Driven Water-Power Cogeneration

[0059] The preparation method is the same as in the first embodiment, except that polyaniline fiber is not added. The amount of hydrophilic fiber added is 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 fibers, respectively, and the effect of each fiber on the current is investigated.

[0060] Experimental method: The hydrophilic fibers on both sides of the textile were placed in an aqueous solution containing 3.5 wt% NaCl, and the dry area was exposed to standard simulated sunlight for 1 hour.

[0061] Experimental results: The results are as follows Figure 7 As shown, the obtained currents were 46.99 μA, 62.62 μA, 72.59 μA, 77.17 μA, 88.46 μA, 78.51 μA, 59.86 μA, 56.53 μA, 45.43 μA, and 21.01 μA, respectively. Analysis revealed that the current initially increased and then decreased with increasing number of hydrophilic fibers. When the number of hydrophilic fibers was small, the composite material with 5 PEDOT:PSS fibers had a longer wetting time and lower current. The current gradually increased with increasing number of hydrophilic fibers, reaching a peak of 88.46 μA when there were 10 fibers. When there were more than 10 fibers, the PEDOT:PSS fiber composite material was easily wetted by a large amount of water. Since the asymmetry between the dry and wet sides of the PEDOT:PSS fibers is crucial for power generation, the current gradually decreased.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a flexible blended textile for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration, characterized in that, include: PEDOT:PSS fiber, polyaniline fiber, and hydrophilic fiber are arranged on the warp or weft and woven together. The hydrophilic fiber is obtained by pre-treating flexible fiber by soaking it in an aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate for 20-30 minutes and then drying it. The PEDOT:PSS fiber is obtained by placing the hydrophilic fiber in a PEDOT:PSS mixed solution, impregnating and stretching it until the PEDOT:PSS fiber resistance changes from KΩ to MΩ, and then drying it. When the fibers are arranged on the warp, the warp spacing is 5-10 mm; When on a latitude line, the spacing between latitude lines is 0.5-5 mm; The polyaniline fiber is obtained by reacting the hydrophilic fiber in a mixed solution containing ammonium persulfate, hydrochloric acid, aniline and ethanol, followed by drying. The hydrophilic fiber provides water to the PEDOT:PSS fiber, using capillary action to transport the water and create a potential difference between the wet and dry sides, thus generating electricity. The PEDOT:PSS fiber functions as a power generation device. The polyaniline fiber is a photothermal material; its function is that when a large amount of water is transported from the wet area to the dry area of ​​the PEDOT:PSS fiber, under the influence of light, the polyaniline fiber converts light energy into heat energy, and a large amount of water evaporates, creating an asymmetry between the wet and dry sides of the PEDOT:PSS fiber, thereby enabling the PEDOT:PSS fiber to continuously output electrical energy.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying temperature is 60℃ and the time is 1-2 hours.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials include other functional fibers.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of a single fiber is 0.6-1 mm.

5. A flexible blended textile for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration prepared by any of the preparation methods described in claims 1-4.

6. The application of the flexible blended textile for solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration as described in claim 5 in seawater desalination and water evaporation power generation.

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