A method and system for ecological flow calibration based on three-dimensional hydrodynamic model

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ecological flow calibration method and system based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, which belongs to the technical field of water conservancy project monitoring. The three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area is obtained, and an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is constructed based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area; the water flow boundary area is determined in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data, and the image data of the water flow boundary area is obtained, and the image data is analyzed and set to form an initial water level field; a water level variation coefficient diagram is determined in the initial water level field based on the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points, and a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is constructed in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the water level variation coefficient diagram. The present invention can realize the monitoring and verification of real-time monitoring data of ecological flow through a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and improve the monitoring and calibration efficiency of ecological flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy project monitoring, and in particular to an ecological flow calibration method and system based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model. Background Art

[0002] The discharge and monitoring of ecological flow of existing water conservancy projects are based on the reports submitted by water conservancy project management departments. The superior water administration department lacks the means to calibrate and verify the reported ecological flow data, which is not conducive to the real-time supervision of ecological flow. At present, there are three main types of data reported by water conservancy project management departments. The first is pipeline flow metering. Such data are generally counted and reported directly through pipeline flow meters, and the flow data is relatively reliable; the second is channel flow metering, which measures the water level and calculates it through empirical formulas such as Xie Cai's formula, or monitors the surface flow velocity, and calibrates the relationship between the surface flow velocity and the average cross-sectional flow velocity, and then calculates the flow using a specific formula in combination with the water level and the channel cross-sectional form; the third is river flow metering, which is mostly through the upstream and downstream water level difference and gate opening of the river-blocking water conservancy project, and uses empirical formulas to calculate the discharge flow or, similar to the second type, monitors the surface flow velocity to deduce the ecological flow. The flow calculations of the latter two may have large fluctuations or differences under different working conditions, thereby affecting the accuracy of measurement. Therefore, under the existing conditions, it is very necessary to propose an ecological flow verification and calibration system based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and then realize the monitoring and verification of real-time monitoring data of ecological flow. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides an ecological flow calibration method and system based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides an ecological flow calibration method based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Acquire three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area, set a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area, and perform fitting construction to obtain an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model;

[0007] Analyzing the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to obtain a water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and acquiring image data of the water flow boundary area, analyzing and setting the image data to form an initial water level field;

[0008] Acquire monitoring records of water level monitoring points, determine a water level variation coefficient diagram in the water level initial field based on the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points, acquire an actual roughness field corresponding to a maximum rated value by analyzing the water level variation coefficient diagram, and construct a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rated value;

[0009] The actual surface flow velocity data is obtained, and the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydraulic model is extracted, and the relationship curve between the actual surface flow velocity data and the monitoring section flow is fitted to obtain the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram, and the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram is analyzed to generate an ecological flow verification result, and a system is established based on the ecological flow verification result to obtain an ecological flow calibration system.

[0010] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area is obtained, and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary are set based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area and fitted and constructed to obtain an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0011] Acquire an ecological flow monitoring area; wherein the ecological resource monitoring area includes rivers, watercourses and typical channels;

[0012] Field data collection is performed on the ecological flow monitoring area through satellite remote sensing technology and hydrological measurement technology to obtain three-dimensional hydrodynamic data; wherein the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data includes terrain data, water level data and flow rate data;

[0013] Extracting topographic data of the ecological flow monitoring area from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data, searching in a big data network based on the topographic data to obtain the size and resolution of a simulation grid, and constructing a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid based on the size and resolution of the simulation grid;

[0014] Obtaining a layout map of water level monitoring stations and flow rate stations, analyzing the layout map to obtain a water level-flow rate monitoring range, extracting water level data and flow rate data of an ecological flow monitoring area within a preset time period from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data, setting simulation boundary conditions based on the water level data and flow rate data within the preset time period, and drawing a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary according to the simulation boundary conditions;

[0015] Obtaining the ecological flow calibration accuracy requirement, searching in big data based on the ecological flow calibration accuracy requirement, obtaining a hydrodynamic independent numerical model, and extracting a three-dimensional grid framework of the hydrodynamic independent numerical model;

[0016] The three-dimensional grid framework of the hydrodynamic independent numerical model is fitted based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid to obtain a fitted three-dimensional grid framework, and boundary constraints are constructed on the fitted three-dimensional grid framework through the three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary to obtain an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model.

[0017] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data are analyzed in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to obtain the water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and the image data of the water flow boundary area is obtained, and the image data is analyzed and set to form the water level initial field, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] Obtaining an upstream water point and a downstream water point in the ecological flow monitoring area, and extracting the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data, marking the regional positions of the upstream water point and the downstream water point in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and importing the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data into the regional positions for simulation analysis to obtain the water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model;

[0019] Using drone aerial photography technology to capture and collect on-site images of the water flow boundary area, obtaining image data of the water flow boundary area, and dividing the image data of the water flow boundary area into a plurality of sub-image areas;

[0020] The Canny edge detection algorithm is introduced to extract features from each sub-image area, and Gaussian filtering is performed on each sub-image area. After Gaussian filtering, the gradient amplitude of the image data is calculated by the Sobel operator, and the local maximum value of the gradient amplitude in the gradient direction is retained to refine all edge pixels. All the refined edge pixels are divided into weak edge pixels and strong edge pixels, and finally the weak edge pixels and the strong edge pixels are spliced ​​to obtain the vegetation type characteristics and vegetation coverage boundary characteristics of each sub-image area;

[0021] Calculating hash values ​​of vegetation type features and vegetation coverage boundary features of each sub-image region based on a hash algorithm, determining the roughness of each sub-image region according to the hash value, and merging the roughness of all sub-image regions to form an initial roughness field;

[0022] The highest value of the upstream water level data and the lowest value of the downstream water level data are extracted, and the highest value of the upstream water level data and the lowest value of the downstream water level data are input into the roughness initial field for simulation, so as to finally form the water level initial field.

[0023] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points are obtained, a water level variation coefficient diagram is determined in the water level initial field based on the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points, an actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rated value is obtained by analyzing the water level variation coefficient diagram, and a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is constructed in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rated value, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] Acquire monitoring records of water level monitoring points, preset multiple target timestamps, and extract historical water level parameters and historical surface flow velocity parameters of the water level monitoring points at each target timestamp from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data;

[0025] Based on the water level initial field, an initial water level threshold is obtained, a Euclidean distance between the initial water level threshold and the historical water level parameters of the water level monitoring points at each target time stamp is calculated, and a plurality of water level variation law coefficients are determined according to the Euclidean distance;

[0026] A water level variation coefficient diagram is constructed by using the plurality of water level variation coefficients, a water level variation trend is obtained according to the water level variation coefficient diagram, and the water level variation trend is analyzed to obtain an actual roughness field corresponding to each water level variation coefficient;

[0027] Preset a calibration interval of the roughness field based on the historical surface velocity parameters of the water level monitoring point at each target time stamp, obtain the calibration value of each actual roughness field, and determine whether the calibration value of the actual roughness field is within the calibration interval;

[0028] If not, the actual roughness field that is not in the calibration interval is eliminated, and the calibration values ​​of the remaining actual roughness fields are sorted from large to small, and finally the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum calibration value is extracted;

[0029] The actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rating value is introduced into the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model for simulation construction to obtain a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model.

[0030] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the actual surface velocity data is obtained, and the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydraulic model is extracted, and the relationship curve between the actual surface velocity data and the monitoring section flow is fitted to obtain the actual surface velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram, and the actual surface velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram is analyzed to generate an ecological flow verification result, and a system is established based on the ecological flow verification result to obtain an ecological flow calibration system, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] Acquire real-time monitoring data uploaded by the water conservancy project management department, and extract actual surface flow velocity data based on the real-time monitoring data;

[0032] Constructing a curve graph, extracting the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, importing the actual surface flow velocity data and the monitoring section flow into the curve graph for fitting and drawing, and obtaining a curve graph of the relationship between the actual surface flow velocity and the monitoring section flow;

[0033] Obtaining an actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow rate relationship curve according to the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow rate relationship curve diagram, and calculating the curvature of the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow rate relationship curve;

[0034] Determine whether the curvature is greater than a preset curvature. If so, continue to monitor the ecological flow normally. If so, issue a warning and mark the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve that is greater than the preset curvature to generate an ecological flow verification result.

[0035] Based on the ecological flow verification results, multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow monitoring values ​​are obtained, and the classification results and characteristic elements of the monitoring sections are obtained at the same time, and a linear regression model is constructed. Based on the classification results and characteristic elements, multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow monitoring values ​​are classified and fitted in the linear regression model to obtain the benchmark relationship of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity, and the benchmark relationship of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity is used to adjust and construct the monitoring system to obtain the ecological flow calibration system.

[0036] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of obtaining multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity monitoring values ​​based on the ecological flow verification results, and obtaining the classification results and characteristic elements of the monitoring sections, constructing a linear regression model, and classifying and fitting multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity monitoring values ​​in the linear regression model based on the classification results and characteristic elements to obtain a reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the section average flow velocity, and using the reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the section average flow velocity to adjust and construct the monitoring system, and obtain an ecological flow calibration system, specifically includes the following steps:

[0037] Acquiring type information of the monitoring section, classifying the monitoring section according to the type information, and obtaining a classification result of the monitoring section; wherein the monitoring section includes a natural river channel and an artificial river channel;

[0038] Based on the ecological flow verification results, multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity monitoring values ​​within a preset time period are obtained, and characteristic elements of the monitoring section are defined as independent variables; wherein the characteristic elements include width, water depth, slope, width-to-depth ratio, curvature and roughness;

[0039] A linear regression model is constructed by a linear regression algorithm, multiple groups of surface velocity-section average velocity monitoring values ​​are introduced into the linear regression model according to the classification results of the monitoring section, and the surface velocity-section average flow monitoring values ​​are classified and fitted based on the independent variables to express the relationship between the surface velocity and the section average velocity, and a surface velocity-section average velocity linear regression model is obtained;

[0040] A maximum likelihood estimation algorithm is introduced to calculate the surface velocity-section average velocity linear regression model, a likelihood function is preset, a maximum value point of the likelihood function is calculated, and a reference relationship between the surface velocity and the section average velocity is determined according to the maximum value point of the likelihood function;

[0041] Obtain the cross-sectional average flow velocity data uploaded by the water conservancy project management department, and calculate the current cross-sectional average flow velocity based on the reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the cross-sectional average flow velocity. If the current cross-sectional average flow velocity is greater than the cross-sectional average flow velocity data uploaded by the water conservancy project management department, adjust the reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the cross-sectional average flow velocity to obtain an adjusted reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the cross-sectional average flow velocity;

[0042] Obtaining the actual cross-sectional average flow, calculating the cross-sectional average flow based on the adjusted surface velocity-cross-sectional average flow reference relationship, calculating the deviation threshold between the actual cross-sectional average flow and the cross-sectional average flow, and determining whether the deviation threshold is greater than a preset deviation threshold, and if so, reviewing the deviation threshold to obtain an ecological flow calibration result;

[0043] The ecological flow monitoring system framework is constructed using system design software, and multiple groups of ecological flow calibration results are applied to the ecological flow monitoring system framework for training to obtain the ecological flow monitoring system.

[0044] A second aspect of the present invention provides an ecological flow calibration system based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, wherein the ecological flow calibration system based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores an ecological flow calibration method program based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and when the ecological flow calibration method program based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is executed by the processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0045] Acquire three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area, set a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area, and perform fitting construction to obtain an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model;

[0046] Analyzing the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to obtain a water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and acquiring image data of the water flow boundary area, analyzing and setting the image data to form an initial water level field;

[0047] Acquire monitoring records of water level monitoring points, determine a water level variation coefficient diagram in the water level initial field based on the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points, acquire an actual roughness field corresponding to a maximum rated value by analyzing the water level variation coefficient diagram, and construct a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rated value;

[0048] The actual surface flow velocity data is obtained, and the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydraulic model is extracted, and the relationship curve between the actual surface flow velocity data and the monitoring section flow is fitted to obtain the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram, and the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram is analyzed to generate an ecological flow verification result, and a system is established based on the ecological flow verification result to obtain an ecological flow monitoring system.

[0049] The present invention solves the technical defects existing in the background technology, and the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0050] The three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area is obtained, and an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is constructed based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area; the water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is obtained based on the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data, and the image data of the water flow boundary area is obtained, and the image data is analyzed and set to form a roughness initial field and a water level initial field; the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points are obtained, and the water level variation coefficient diagram is determined in the water level initial field based on the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points, and the target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is constructed in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the water level variation coefficient diagram; the actual surface velocity data is obtained, and the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is extracted, and the relationship curve between the actual surface velocity data and the monitoring section flow is fitted to obtain the actual surface velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram, and the system is established based on the actual surface velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram to obtain the ecological flow monitoring system. The present invention can realize the monitoring and verification of the real-time monitoring data of the ecological flow through the three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and improve the monitoring and calibration efficiency of the ecological flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, drawings of other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0052] Figure 1 A first method flow chart of an ecological flow calibration method based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is shown;

[0053] Figure 2 A second method flow chart of an ecological flow calibration method based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is shown;

[0054] Figure 3 A third method flow chart of an ecological flow calibration method based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is shown;

[0055] Figure 4 A system framework diagram of an ecological flow calibration system based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0057] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0058] The first aspect of the present invention provides an ecological flow calibration method based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0059] S102: Acquire three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area, set a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area, and perform fitting construction to obtain an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model;

[0060] S104: Analyzing the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to obtain a water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and acquiring image data of the water flow boundary area, and analyzing and setting the image data to form an initial water level field;

[0061] S106: Acquire monitoring records of water level monitoring points, determine a water level variation coefficient diagram in the water level initial field based on the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points, acquire an actual roughness field corresponding to a maximum rated value by analyzing the water level variation coefficient diagram, and construct a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rated value;

[0062] S108: Acquire actual surface flow velocity data, and extract the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydraulic model, fit the relationship curve between the actual surface flow velocity data and the monitoring section flow, obtain the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve, analyze the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve, generate an ecological flow verification result, and establish a system based on the ecological flow verification result to obtain an ecological flow monitoring system.

[0063] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area is obtained, and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary are set based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area and fitted and constructed to obtain an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] Acquire an ecological flow monitoring area; wherein the ecological resource monitoring area includes rivers, watercourses and typical channels;

[0065] Field data collection is performed on the ecological flow monitoring area through satellite remote sensing technology and hydrological measurement technology to obtain three-dimensional hydrodynamic data; wherein the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data includes terrain data, water level data and flow rate data;

[0066] Extracting topographic data of the ecological flow monitoring area from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data, searching in a big data network based on the topographic data to obtain the size and resolution of a simulation grid, and constructing a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid based on the size and resolution of the simulation grid;

[0067] Obtaining a layout map of water level monitoring stations and flow rate stations, analyzing the layout map to obtain a water level-flow rate monitoring range, extracting water level data and flow rate data of an ecological flow monitoring area within a preset time period from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data, setting simulation boundary conditions based on the water level data and flow rate data within the preset time period, and drawing a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary according to the simulation boundary conditions;

[0068] Obtaining the ecological flow calibration accuracy requirement, searching in big data based on the ecological flow calibration accuracy requirement, obtaining a hydrodynamic independent numerical model, and extracting a three-dimensional grid framework of the hydrodynamic independent numerical model;

[0069] The three-dimensional grid framework of the hydrodynamic independent numerical model is fitted based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid to obtain a fitted three-dimensional grid framework, and boundary constraints are constructed on the fitted three-dimensional grid framework through the three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary to obtain an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model.

[0070] It should be noted that the construction of the three-dimensional hydrodynamic model first requires the relevant data of three-dimensional hydrodynamics as basic support. In order to ensure the calculation accuracy and construction process of the three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, the corresponding simulation grid size and resolution are matched in the big data based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data, so as to construct a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid. Selecting the appropriate simulation grid size and resolution can improve the expression accuracy of the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data in the ecological flow monitoring area, and then better fit the corresponding high-precision three-dimensional hydrodynamic model; the boundary conditions of the model construction are specified by the layout of all sites in the layout point map of the water level monitoring site-flow velocity site, so as to form a simulation boundary. The location of the site should be as close as possible to the entrance and exit of the model area to improve the accuracy of the flow calculation; at the same time, when constructing the model, it is also necessary to select a suitable hydrodynamic independent numerical model as the basic framework to support the calculation of the simulation grid and the simulation boundary, and improve the calibration accuracy of the required ecological flow. The present invention can construct an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model about the ecological flow monitoring area through three-dimensional hydrodynamic data, and provide an accurate model basis for the data training of the subsequent three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to ensure the reliability of calibration.

[0071] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data are analyzed in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to obtain the water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and the image data of the water flow boundary area is obtained, and the image data is analyzed and set to form the water level initial field, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0072] Obtaining an upstream water point and a downstream water point in the ecological flow monitoring area, and extracting the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data, marking the regional positions of the upstream water point and the downstream water point in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and importing the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data into the regional positions for simulation analysis to obtain the water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model;

[0073] Using drone aerial photography technology to capture and collect on-site images of the water flow boundary area, obtaining image data of the water flow boundary area, and dividing the image data of the water flow boundary area into a plurality of sub-image areas;

[0074] The Canny edge detection algorithm is introduced to extract features from each sub-image area, and Gaussian filtering is performed on each sub-image area. After Gaussian filtering, the gradient amplitude of the image data is calculated by the Sobel operator, and the local maximum value of the gradient amplitude in the gradient direction is retained to refine all edge pixels. All the refined edge pixels are divided into weak edge pixels and strong edge pixels, and finally the weak edge pixels and the strong edge pixels are spliced ​​to obtain the vegetation type characteristics and vegetation coverage boundary characteristics of each sub-image area;

[0075] Calculating hash values ​​of vegetation type features and vegetation coverage boundary features of each sub-image region based on a hash algorithm, determining the roughness of each sub-image region according to the hash value, and merging the roughness of all sub-image regions to form an initial roughness field;

[0076] The highest value of the upstream water level data and the lowest value of the downstream water level data are extracted, and the highest value of the upstream water level data and the lowest value of the downstream water level data are input into the roughness initial field for simulation, so as to finally form the water level initial field.

[0077] It should be noted that the ecological flow monitoring of water conservancy projects is usually related to the roughness of the ecological monitoring area. The roughness is a parameter of the friction resistance of water flow on different types of surfaces or terrains, reflecting the magnitude of the friction resistance of water flow through specific terrain or water bodies. Therefore, it is necessary to set the corresponding initial roughness in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the ecological flow monitoring area for simulation. The initial roughness in the ecological monitoring area is often determined by the vegetation type and the coverage boundary of the vegetation. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain image data in the ecological flow monitoring area and further extract the vegetation features in the image, and determine the initial roughness setting value of the required ecological monitoring area according to the vegetation features. At the same time, for the monitoring of ecological flow, it is also necessary to clarify the initial water levels of the upstream and downstream to ensure that the constructed three-dimensional hydrodynamic model can accurately calibrate the ecological flow data according to the upstream and downstream water level data, thereby greatly improving the basic calibration performance of the ecological flow monitoring system.

[0078] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points are obtained, a water level variation coefficient diagram is determined in the water level initial field based on the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points, an actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rated value is obtained by analyzing the water level variation coefficient diagram, and a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is constructed in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rated value, such as Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0079] S202: Acquire monitoring records of water level monitoring points, preset multiple target timestamps, and extract historical water level parameters and historical surface flow velocity parameters of the water level monitoring points at each target timestamp from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data;

[0080] S204: obtaining an initial water level threshold based on the water level initial field, calculating the Euclidean distance between the initial water level threshold and the historical water level parameters of the water level monitoring points at each target time stamp, and determining a number of water level variation law coefficients according to the Euclidean distance;

[0081] S206: constructing a water level variation coefficient diagram through the plurality of water level variation coefficients, obtaining a water level variation trend according to the water level variation coefficient diagram, analyzing the water level variation trend, and obtaining an actual roughness field corresponding to each water level variation coefficient;

[0082] S208: Preset a calibration interval of the roughness field based on the historical surface velocity parameters of the water level monitoring point at each target time stamp, obtain the calibration value of each actual roughness field, and determine whether the calibration value of the actual roughness field is within the calibration interval;

[0083] S210: If not, then the actual roughness fields that are not in the calibration interval are eliminated, and the calibration values ​​of the remaining actual roughness fields are sorted from large to small, and finally the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum calibration value is extracted;

[0084] S212: Importing the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rated value into the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model for simulation construction to obtain a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model.

[0085] It should be noted that after setting the initial roughness field and the initial water level field in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, the actual roughness field of the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model needs to be calibrated further, so as to provide a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model with perfect performance for accurate monitoring and calibration of ecological flow; since the roughness field in the ecological flow monitoring area is closely related to the water level and flow velocity, the calibration of the actual roughness field needs to be achieved based on the historical monitoring point water level data and historical surface flow velocity data; it should be noted that the roughness field often changes with the water level, so the applicable range of different roughness fields should be clarified as much as possible based on the existing data, and the water level change should be determined in the initial water level field according to the historical monitoring point water level data. The law can further obtain the changing trend of the water level, so as to clarify the actual roughness field and the corresponding calibration value according to the changing trend of the water level; the water level change law coefficient is an accurate numerical embodiment of the historical water level change; and it is judged whether the calibration value of the actual roughness field is within the calibration interval. If not, it means that the actual roughness field does not meet the construction requirements of the three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, so the actual roughness field that is not within the calibration interval should be eliminated, and the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum calibration value should be extracted from the remaining actual roughness field as a suitable roughness field for constructing the ecological flow monitoring area, and simulated in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, so as to obtain the target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The present invention can calibrate the model according to the water level and surface velocity data of the monitoring point, thereby ensuring that the roughness field during ecological flow monitoring and verification conforms to the actual simulation situation, improving the simulation accuracy of the three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and having high reliability.

[0086] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the actual surface velocity data is obtained, and the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydraulic model is extracted, and the relationship curve between the actual surface velocity data and the monitoring section flow is fitted to obtain the actual surface velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram, and the actual surface velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram is analyzed to generate an ecological flow verification result, and a system is established based on the ecological flow verification result to obtain an ecological flow calibration system, such as Figure 3 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0087] S302: Acquire real-time monitoring data uploaded by the water conservancy project management department, and extract actual surface flow velocity data based on the real-time monitoring data;

[0088] S304: constructing a curve graph, extracting the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, importing the actual surface flow velocity data and the monitoring section flow into the curve graph for fitting and drawing, and obtaining a curve graph of the relationship between the actual surface flow velocity and the monitoring section flow;

[0089] S306: Obtaining an actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve according to the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram, and calculating the curvature of the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve;

[0090] S308: Determine whether the curvature is greater than a preset curvature. If so, continue to monitor the ecological flow normally. If so, issue a warning and mark the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve that is greater than the preset curvature, and generate an ecological flow verification result.

[0091] S310: Based on the ecological flow verification results, multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow monitoring values ​​are obtained, and the classification results and characteristic elements of the monitoring sections are obtained at the same time, and a linear regression model is constructed. Based on the classification results and characteristic elements, multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow monitoring values ​​are classified and fitted in the linear regression model to obtain a benchmark relationship between surface flow velocity and section average flow velocity, and the benchmark relationship between surface flow velocity and section average flow velocity is used to adjust and construct the monitoring system to obtain an ecological flow calibration system.

[0092] It should be noted that the target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is constructed as a computational model based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area and the roughness field simulation. It can directly monitor, verify and calibrate the real-time ecological flow, and can be directly used in the construction of the ecological flow monitoring system. For the verification of the real-time ecological flow monitoring data, it is first necessary to extract the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The monitoring section flow is the data simulated by the model, and then the monitoring section flow is analyzed with the actual surface flow velocity data uploaded by the water conservancy project management department. In order to improve the data analysis rate and analysis accuracy and reduce the generation of data analysis errors, a curve graph is used to fit the monitoring section flow and the actual surface flow velocity data. The relationship between the actual surface velocity data is obtained to obtain a curve diagram of the relationship between the actual surface velocity and the monitoring section flow. Since the fitting curvature of the curve in the figure can reflect the changing relationship between the monitoring section flow and the actual surface velocity, it is further judged whether the monitoring data of the ecological flow monitoring area meets the requirements by judging whether the curvature of the curve is greater than the preset curvature. If the curvature is less than the preset curvature, it means that there is no abnormality in the ecological flow verification result, and the model continues to monitor the ecological flow normally; if it is greater than, it means that there is a deviation in the ecological flow monitoring data, and the ecological flow monitoring system issues a warning to prompt the staff to further calibrate the monitoring deviation and generate the ecological flow verification result; finally, the ecological flow monitoring system is constructed based on the ecological flow verification result. The present invention can verify the real-time ecological monitoring data based on the target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to clarify the data accuracy of the ecological flow in the ecological flow monitoring area.

[0093] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of obtaining multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity monitoring values ​​based on the ecological flow verification results, and obtaining the classification results and characteristic elements of the monitoring sections, constructing a linear regression model, and classifying and fitting multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity monitoring values ​​in the linear regression model based on the classification results and characteristic elements to obtain a reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the section average flow velocity, and using the reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the section average flow velocity to adjust and construct the monitoring system, and obtain an ecological flow calibration system, specifically includes the following steps:

[0094] Acquiring type information of the monitoring section, classifying the monitoring section according to the type information, and obtaining a classification result of the monitoring section; wherein the monitoring section includes a natural river channel and an artificial river channel;

[0095] Based on the ecological flow verification results, multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity monitoring values ​​within a preset time period are obtained, and characteristic elements of the monitoring section are defined as independent variables; wherein the characteristic elements include width, water depth, slope, width-to-depth ratio, curvature and roughness;

[0096] A linear regression model is constructed by a linear regression algorithm, multiple groups of surface velocity-section average velocity monitoring values ​​are introduced into the linear regression model according to the classification results of the monitoring section, and the surface velocity-section average flow monitoring values ​​are classified and fitted based on the independent variables to express the relationship between the surface velocity and the section average velocity, and a surface velocity-section average velocity linear regression model is obtained;

[0097] A maximum likelihood estimation algorithm is introduced to calculate the surface velocity-section average velocity linear regression model, a likelihood function is preset, a maximum value point of the likelihood function is calculated, and a reference relationship between the surface velocity and the section average velocity is determined according to the maximum value point of the likelihood function;

[0098] Obtain the cross-sectional average flow velocity data uploaded by the water conservancy project management department, and calculate the current cross-sectional average flow velocity based on the reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the cross-sectional average flow velocity. If the current cross-sectional average flow velocity is greater than the cross-sectional average flow velocity data uploaded by the water conservancy project management department, adjust the reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the cross-sectional average flow velocity to obtain an adjusted reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the cross-sectional average flow velocity;

[0099] Obtaining the actual cross-sectional average flow, calculating the cross-sectional average flow based on the adjusted surface velocity-cross-sectional average flow reference relationship, calculating the deviation threshold between the actual cross-sectional average flow and the cross-sectional average flow, and determining whether the deviation threshold is greater than a preset deviation threshold, and if so, reviewing the deviation threshold to obtain an ecological flow calibration result;

[0100] The ecological flow monitoring system framework is constructed using system design software, and multiple groups of ecological flow calibration results are applied to the ecological flow monitoring system framework for training to obtain the ecological flow monitoring system.

[0101] It should be noted that before establishing a calibration system based on the ecological flow verification results, it is necessary to analyze the ecological flow verification results and calibrate and correct the ecological flow monitoring data deviations in the ecological flow verification results. Since the calibration of the ecological flow monitoring data deviation based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is related to the surface velocity of the monitoring section and the average flow velocity of the section, it is necessary to clarify the reference relationship between the surface velocity of the monitoring section and the average flow velocity of the section. The average flow of the section obtained according to the reference relationship between the surface velocity and the average flow velocity of the section can calculate whether there is a deviation in the actual average flow of the section, and the deviation is reviewed, and finally the ecological flow monitoring system is constructed according to the ecological flow calibration results. The present invention can calculate the reference relationship between the surface velocity and the average flow velocity of the section based on the ecological flow verification results, and construct an ecological flow calibration system based on the reference relationship between the surface velocity and the average flow velocity of the section.

[0102] In addition, the ecological flow calibration method based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic model also includes the following steps:

[0103] Obtain the current monitoring results of the ecological flow monitoring system, and at the same time obtain the ecological flow correction plan formulated by the water conservancy project management department based on the current monitoring results;

[0104] Correcting the current monitoring result based on the ecological flow correction scheme to obtain a corrected monitoring result, calculating the Euclidean distance between the corrected monitoring result and the current monitoring result, and determining the correction accuracy rate according to the Euclidean distance;

[0105] Determine whether the correction accuracy is less than a preset correction accuracy. If so, obtain the drone monitoring route of the ecological flow correction solution and extract all monitoring points of the drone monitoring route;

[0106] The gradient descent algorithm is introduced to re-plan all monitoring points, the shortest monitoring time is defined as the objective function, the gradient vector of the objective function between each point is calculated, and each point is iteratively updated based on the gradient vector until the iteration requirements are met and the update is stopped, and the re-planned monitoring points are finally output;

[0107] The re-planned monitoring points are fitted to obtain an optimized UAV monitoring route, and the optimized UAV monitoring route is uploaded to the UAV terminal.

[0108] It should be noted that after the ecological flow monitoring system generates monitoring results, the corresponding ecological flow correction scheme should be used to correct the monitoring errors according to the monitoring results. During the correction process, the drone remote sensing function needs to be used to collect the designated real-time data of the ecological flow monitoring area. However, there may be deviations in the points for drone data collection in the ecological flow correction scheme, which leads to correction errors in the correction scheme, that is, the correction accuracy is less than the preset correction accuracy, making it impossible for the correction scheme to accurately correct the current monitoring results, thereby making the ecological flow in the ecological flow monitoring area always in an error state, reducing the correction quality. The present invention can re-plan the data collection and monitoring points of the drones required in the correction scheme, thereby solving the problem of the correction accuracy of the monitoring results not meeting the standards due to the monitoring route error, improving the actual correction accuracy of the correction scheme, and further improving the reliability of the scheme, while ensuring the correction accuracy of the ecological flow deviation and the stability of data collection.

[0109] A second aspect of the present invention provides an ecological flow calibration system based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, wherein the ecological flow calibration system based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model comprises a memory 41 and a processor 42, wherein the memory 41 stores an ecological flow calibration method program based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and when the ecological flow calibration method program based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is executed by the processor 42, Figure 4 As shown, implement the following steps:

[0110] Acquire three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area, set a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area, and perform fitting construction to obtain an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model;

[0111] Analyzing the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to obtain a water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and acquiring image data of the water flow boundary area, analyzing and setting the image data to form an initial water level field;

[0112] Acquire monitoring records of water level monitoring points, determine a water level variation coefficient diagram in the water level initial field based on the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points, acquire an actual roughness field corresponding to a maximum rated value by analyzing the water level variation coefficient diagram, and construct a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rated value;

[0113] The actual surface flow velocity data is obtained, and the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydraulic model is extracted, and the relationship curve between the actual surface flow velocity data and the monitoring section flow is fitted to obtain the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram, and the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve diagram is analyzed to generate an ecological flow verification result, and a system is established based on the ecological flow verification result to obtain an ecological flow monitoring system.

[0114] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An ecological flow calibration method based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Acquire three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area, set a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area, and perform fitting construction to obtain an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model; Analyzing the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to obtain a water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and acquiring image data of the water flow boundary area, analyzing and setting the image data to form an initial water level field; Acquire monitoring records of water level monitoring points, determine a water level variation coefficient diagram in the water level initial field based on the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points, acquire an actual roughness field corresponding to a maximum rated value by analyzing the water level variation coefficient diagram, and construct a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rated value; Acquire actual surface velocity data, extract the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydraulic model, fit the relationship curve between the actual surface velocity data and the monitoring section flow, obtain the actual surface velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve, analyze the actual surface velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve, generate ecological flow verification results, and establish a system based on the ecological flow verification results to obtain an ecological flow calibration system; The process of obtaining monitoring records of water level monitoring points, determining a water level variation coefficient diagram in the water level initial field based on the monitoring records of the water level monitoring points, obtaining an actual roughness field corresponding to a maximum rated value by analyzing the water level variation coefficient diagram, and constructing a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rated value, specifically includes the following steps: Acquire monitoring records of water level monitoring points, preset multiple target timestamps, and extract historical water level parameters and historical surface flow velocity parameters of the water level monitoring points at each target timestamp from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data; Based on the water level initial field, an initial water level threshold is obtained, a Euclidean distance between the initial water level threshold and the historical water level parameters of the water level monitoring points at each target time stamp is calculated, and a plurality of water level variation law coefficients are determined according to the Euclidean distance; A water level variation coefficient diagram is constructed by using the plurality of water level variation coefficients, a water level variation trend is obtained according to the water level variation coefficient diagram, and the water level variation trend is analyzed to obtain an actual roughness field corresponding to each water level variation coefficient; Preset a calibration interval of the roughness field based on the historical surface velocity parameters of the water level monitoring point at each target time stamp, obtain the calibration value of each actual roughness field, and determine whether the calibration value of the actual roughness field is within the calibration interval; If not, the actual roughness field that is not in the calibration interval is eliminated, and the calibration values ​​of the remaining actual roughness fields are sorted from large to small, and finally the actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum calibration value is extracted; The actual roughness field corresponding to the maximum rating value is introduced into the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model for simulation construction to obtain a target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model.

2. The ecological flow calibration method based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area is obtained, and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary are set based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data of the ecological flow monitoring area, and a fitting construction is performed to obtain an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, which specifically includes the following steps: Acquire an ecological flow monitoring area; wherein the ecological resource monitoring area includes rivers, watercourses and typical channels; Field data collection is performed on the ecological flow monitoring area through satellite remote sensing technology and hydrological measurement technology to obtain three-dimensional hydrodynamic data; wherein the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data includes terrain data, water level data and flow rate data; Extracting topographic data of the ecological flow monitoring area from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data, searching in a big data network based on the topographic data to obtain the size and resolution of a simulation grid, and constructing a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid based on the size and resolution of the simulation grid; Obtaining a layout map of water level monitoring stations and flow rate stations, analyzing the layout map to obtain a water level-flow rate monitoring range, extracting water level data and flow rate data of an ecological flow monitoring area within a preset time period from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data, setting simulation boundary conditions based on the water level data and flow rate data within the preset time period, and drawing a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary according to the simulation boundary conditions; Obtaining the ecological flow calibration accuracy requirement, searching in big data based on the ecological flow calibration accuracy requirement, obtaining a hydrodynamic independent numerical model, and extracting a three-dimensional grid framework of the hydrodynamic independent numerical model; The three-dimensional grid framework of the hydrodynamic independent numerical model is fitted based on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation grid to obtain a fitted three-dimensional grid framework, and boundary constraints are constructed on the fitted three-dimensional grid framework through the three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation boundary to obtain an initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model.

3. The ecological flow calibration method based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of analyzing the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to obtain the water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, acquiring image data of the water flow boundary area, and analyzing and setting the image data to form an initial water level field specifically includes the following steps: Obtaining an upstream water point and a downstream water point in the ecological flow monitoring area, and extracting the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data from the three-dimensional hydrodynamic data, marking the regional positions of the upstream water point and the downstream water point in the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and importing the upstream water level data and the downstream water level data into the regional positions for simulation analysis to obtain the water flow boundary area of ​​the initial three-dimensional hydrodynamic model; Using drone aerial photography technology to capture and collect on-site images of the water flow boundary area, obtaining image data of the water flow boundary area, and dividing the image data of the water flow boundary area into a plurality of sub-image areas; The Canny edge detection algorithm is introduced to extract features from each sub-image area, and Gaussian filtering is performed on each sub-image area. After Gaussian filtering, the gradient amplitude of the image data is calculated by the Sobel operator, and the local maximum value of the gradient amplitude in the gradient direction is retained to refine all edge pixels. All the refined edge pixels are divided into weak edge pixels and strong edge pixels, and finally the weak edge pixels and the strong edge pixels are spliced ​​to obtain the vegetation type characteristics and vegetation coverage boundary characteristics of each sub-image area; Calculating hash values ​​of vegetation type features and vegetation coverage boundary features of each sub-image region based on a hash algorithm, determining the roughness of each sub-image region according to the hash value, and merging the roughness of all sub-image regions to form an initial roughness field; The highest value of the upstream water level data and the lowest value of the downstream water level data are extracted, and the highest value of the upstream water level data and the lowest value of the downstream water level data are input into the roughness initial field for simulation, so as to finally form the water level initial field.

4. The ecological flow calibration method based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining actual surface velocity data, extracting the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydraulic model, fitting the relationship curve between the actual surface velocity data and the monitoring section flow, obtaining an actual surface velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve, analyzing the actual surface velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve, generating an ecological flow verification result, and establishing a system based on the ecological flow verification result to obtain an ecological flow calibration system specifically includes the following steps: Acquire real-time monitoring data uploaded by the water conservancy project management department, and extract actual surface flow velocity data based on the real-time monitoring data; Constructing a curve graph, extracting the monitoring section flow in the target three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, importing the actual surface flow velocity data and the monitoring section flow into the curve graph for fitting and drawing, and obtaining a curve graph of the relationship between the actual surface flow velocity and the monitoring section flow; Obtaining an actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow rate relationship curve according to the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow rate relationship curve diagram, and calculating the curvature of the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow rate relationship curve; Determine whether the curvature is greater than a preset curvature. If so, continue to monitor the ecological flow normally. If so, issue a warning and mark the actual surface flow velocity-monitoring section flow relationship curve that is greater than the preset curvature to generate an ecological flow verification result. Based on the ecological flow verification results, multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow monitoring values ​​are obtained, and the classification results and characteristic elements of the monitoring sections are obtained at the same time, and a linear regression model is constructed. Based on the classification results and characteristic elements, multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow monitoring values ​​are classified and fitted in the linear regression model to obtain the benchmark relationship of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity, and the benchmark relationship of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity is used to adjust and construct the monitoring system to obtain the ecological flow calibration system.

5. The ecological flow calibration method based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method obtains multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity monitoring values ​​based on the ecological flow verification results, obtains the classification results and characteristic elements of the monitoring sections, constructs a linear regression model, classifies and fits the multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity monitoring values ​​in the linear regression model based on the classification results and characteristic elements, obtains the reference relationship of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity, and uses the reference relationship of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity to adjust and construct the monitoring system to obtain the ecological flow calibration system, which specifically includes the following steps: Acquiring type information of the monitoring section, classifying the monitoring section according to the type information, and obtaining a classification result of the monitoring section; wherein the monitoring section includes a natural river channel and an artificial river channel; Based on the ecological flow verification results, multiple groups of surface flow velocity-section average flow velocity monitoring values ​​within a preset time period are obtained, and characteristic elements of the monitoring section are defined as independent variables; wherein the characteristic elements include width, water depth, slope, width-to-depth ratio, curvature and roughness; A linear regression model is constructed by a linear regression algorithm, multiple groups of surface velocity-section average velocity monitoring values ​​are introduced into the linear regression model according to the classification results of the monitoring section, and the surface velocity-section average flow monitoring values ​​are classified and fitted based on the independent variables to express the relationship between the surface velocity and the section average velocity, and a surface velocity-section average velocity linear regression model is obtained; A maximum likelihood estimation algorithm is introduced to calculate the surface velocity-section average velocity linear regression model, a likelihood function is preset, a maximum value point of the likelihood function is calculated, and a reference relationship between the surface velocity and the section average velocity is determined according to the maximum value point of the likelihood function; Obtain the cross-sectional average flow velocity data uploaded by the water conservancy project management department, and calculate the current cross-sectional average flow velocity based on the reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the cross-sectional average flow velocity. If the current cross-sectional average flow velocity is greater than the cross-sectional average flow velocity data uploaded by the water conservancy project management department, adjust the reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the cross-sectional average flow velocity to obtain an adjusted reference relationship between the surface flow velocity and the cross-sectional average flow velocity; Obtaining the actual cross-sectional average flow, calculating the cross-sectional average flow based on the adjusted surface velocity-cross-sectional average flow reference relationship, calculating the deviation threshold between the actual cross-sectional average flow and the cross-sectional average flow, and determining whether the deviation threshold is greater than a preset deviation threshold, and if so, reviewing the deviation threshold to obtain an ecological flow calibration result; The ecological flow monitoring system framework is constructed using system design software, and multiple groups of ecological flow calibration results are applied to the ecological flow monitoring system framework for training to obtain the ecological flow monitoring system.

6. An ecological flow calibration system based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, characterized in that: The ecological flow calibration system based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores an ecological flow calibration method program based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model. When the ecological flow calibration method program based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is executed by the processor, the steps of the ecological flow calibration method based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

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