A same-direction differential seed furrow filling type seed metering device

Abstract

The application discloses a same-direction differential filling seed groove type seed metering device and relates to the technical field of agricultural machines.The seed metering device comprises a seed metering device shell, a first seed metering disc and a second seed metering disc are rotationally arranged in the seed metering device shell and have opposite sides, the first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc have the same rotation direction but different rotation speeds, the side edges of the first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc close to each other are respectively circumferentially provided with a first seed metering part and a second seed metering part, and the first seed metering part and the second seed metering part form a seed metering groove for accommodating seeds in the length direction of the seeds. The first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc have the same rotation direction but different rotation speeds, the speed difference is used to make the seeds falling on the seed metering groove from the transverse direction or the inclined direction change the rotation direction, the seeds are accurately dropped into the seed metering groove in the length direction of the seeds, the seed filling rate is improved, the kinetic energy provided by the first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc from the two sides of the seeds is used to drive the seeds to move forward, seed clamping is avoided, the continuous filling rate is improved, the seed missing rate is reduced, and uniform oat seeding is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a same-direction differential seed-filling furrow type seed metering device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the popularization of precision agriculture and the development of precision seeding technology, precision seeding has become the main component of the modern agricultural seeding technology system. Oat precision seeding technology has obvious characteristics of saving seeds and increasing efficiency, and has great economic and social benefits. Uniform seeding can not only ensure the balance of nutrients in the growth process of crops and achieve high quality and high yield, but also provide favorable conditions for subsequent mechanized harvesting. Precision seeding is to sow a predetermined number of seeds at a predetermined location in the field, which is determined by plant spacing, row spacing and seeding depth. Therefore, oat precision seeding refers to reducing the amount of seeding and improving the quality of seeding, so that the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of oat single seeds meet the requirements, that is, the seeds have accurate seeding depth, row spacing and plant spacing in the field.

[0003] The main component affecting the seeding accuracy of the oat seeding machine is the seed metering device. Most of the oat seeding machines used in China use an external groove wheel type seed metering device, and the seeding forms are row seeding and wide-width seeding, which cannot determine the plant spacing. The external groove wheel type seed metering device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, reliable work and convenient adjustment, and can meet the current seeding requirements. However, the seed metering device has pulsatility when seeding at low speed or small seeding amount, which affects the uniformity and stability of seeding. The external groove wheel type seed metering device has a small diameter, and when operating at high speed, the rotational speed increases, the seed filling rate decreases, the seed breakage rate increases, and the miss-seeding rate is high, so it is difficult to achieve uniform seeding of oats. Foreign precision seed metering devices develop rapidly and are mainly used for seeding of large-grain seeds such as corn. Most wheat seeding machines are pneumatic conveying type row seeding machines, and have not achieved fixed plant spacing seeding. The single-grain air suction type seeding machine developed by France, Austria and other countries is only suitable for small plot operation. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a same-direction differential seed-filling furrow type seed metering device to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the seed filling rate, reduce the miss-seeding rate, and achieve uniform seeding of oats.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0006] A same-direction differential seed-filling furrow type seed metering device, comprising a seed metering device shell, a first seed metering disc and a second seed metering disc are rotationally arranged in the seed metering device shell with opposite sides, the rotation directions of the first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc are the same but the rotational speeds are different; the side edges of the first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc close to each other are respectively circumferentially provided with a first seed metering part and a second seed metering part, and the first seed metering part and the second seed metering part form a seed metering furrow for accommodating seeds along the length direction of the seeds.

[0007] Preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the first seed plate and the second seed plate gradually decreases in distance from the axis in the direction of approaching each other.

[0008] Preferably, the width of the seed sowing groove is matched with the width of the seed, and the depth of the seed sowing groove is less than the thickness of the seed.

[0009] Preferably, a baffle assembly for preventing the seed from falling is arranged in the seed sowing device housing, the baffle assembly is provided with a half-hole for the seed to pass through, the half-hole forms a seed particle quantitative conveying channel with the seed sowing groove, and a seed guide pipe is arranged below the seed particle quantitative conveying channel.

[0010] Preferably, the baffle assembly includes a front baffle, a rear baffle and side baffles arranged in front of, behind and on both sides of the first seed plate and the second seed plate respectively, and the half-hole is arranged on the front baffle.

[0011] Preferably, a seed pushing mechanism for making the seed separate from the seed sowing groove is arranged between the seed particle quantitative conveying channel and the seed guide pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a seed sowing shaft is arranged in rotation in the seed sowing device housing, the first seed plate is fixedly arranged on the seed sowing shaft, and the second seed plate is arranged in rotation; the first seed plate and the second seed plate are respectively connected in transmission with the same driving mechanism through different transmission ratios.

[0013] Preferably, the first gear and the second gear are respectively fixedly arranged on the side away from each other of the first seed plate and the second seed plate, the first gear and the second gear are respectively provided with the third gear and the fourth gear engaged therewith, and the third gear and the fourth gear are connected with the driving mechanism through a transmission shaft.

[0014] The application also provides a seeding machine comprising the above-mentioned same-direction differential seed filling groove type seed sowing device.

[0015] The application also provides a seeding machine comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned same-direction differential seed filling groove type seed sowing device, and the plurality of same-direction differential seed filling groove type seed sowing devices share the same transmission shaft.

[0016] The application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0017] By arranging the first seed plate and the second seed plate rotating at the same direction but at different speeds, the speed difference is used to make the seed falling on the top of the seed sowing groove turn, so that the seed is accurately dropped into the seed sowing groove along the length direction of the seed, the seed filling rate is improved, the seed is driven to move forward by the kinetic energy provided by the first seed plate and the second seed plate from both sides of the seed, the seed blocking is avoided, the continuous filling rate of the seed is improved, the missing seeding rate is reduced, and the uniform seeding of the oat is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below only illustrate some of the embodiments of the present application, and all other drawings obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort based on these drawings also belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0019] Figure 1 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application; Figure 1 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application; Figure 2 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application; Figure 1 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application; Figure 4 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application; Figure 1 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application; Figure 6 Structure diagram of the same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device according to the present application;

[0026] 1, seed metering device housing; 2, first seed metering disc; 3, second seed metering disc; 4, side baffle; 5, front baffle; 6, first gear; 7, second gear; 8, third gear; 9, fourth gear; 10, first seed metering part; 11, second seed metering part; 12, half hole; 13, seed particle quantitative conveying channel; 14, seed furrow; 15, seed metering shaft; 16, rear baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort based on these embodiments also belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] The purpose of the present application is to provide a same direction differential filling seed furrow type seed metering device to solve the problems in the prior art, improve the filling rate, reduce the missing rate, and realize uniform seeding of oats.

[0029] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Embodiment one

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 The embodiment provides a same-direction differential seed sowing ditch type seed sowing device, which comprises a seed sowing device shell 1, a first seed sowing disc 2 and a second seed sowing disc 3 are rotationally arranged in the seed sowing device shell 1, the side surfaces of the first seed sowing disc 2 and the second seed sowing disc 3 are oppositely arranged, and the first seed sowing disc 2 and the second seed sowing disc 3 have the same rotation direction but different rotation speeds. The side surface edges close to each other of the first seed sowing disc 2 and the second seed sowing disc 3 are respectively circumferentially provided with a first seed sowing part 10 and a second seed sowing part 11, and the first seed sowing part 10 and the second seed sowing part 11 form a seed sowing ditch 14 for accommodating seeds along the length direction of the seeds.

[0032] A seed sowing shaft 15 for mounting the first seed sowing disc 2 and the second seed sowing disc 3 is arranged in the seed sowing device shell 1, and the two ends of the seed sowing shaft 15 are rotationally connected with the two side walls of the seed sowing device shell 1. The first seed sowing disc 2 is fixedly connected with the seed sowing shaft 15, and can be limited in circumferential and axial displacement by a pin shaft or a positioning key, or can be directly integrally formed; the second seed sowing disc 3 is rotationally connected with the seed sowing shaft 15, such as by mounting a bearing or a copper sleeve therebetween. The first seed sowing disc 2 and the second seed sowing disc 3 are respectively connected with the same driving mechanism in different transmission ratios, and when the output shaft of the driving mechanism such as a motor rotates, the first seed sowing disc 2 and the second seed sowing disc 3 can be driven to rotate in the same direction at different speeds.

[0033] Specifically, the side away from each other of the first seed sowing disc 2 and the second seed sowing disc 3 is respectively provided with a first gear 6 and a second gear 7, the first gear 6 and the second gear 7 are respectively provided with a third gear 8 and a fourth gear 9 engaged therewith, and the third gear 8 and the fourth gear 9 are connected with the output end of the driving mechanism through a transmission shaft.

[0034] There are various design modes of different transmission ratios, such as the first gear 6 adopts a large gear, the third gear 8 adopts a small gear engaged therewith, the second gear 7 adopts a small gear with the same parameters as the first gear 6 but different number of teeth, the fourth gear 9 adopts a large gear engaged therewith, and the number of teeth of the first gear 6 and the fourth gear 9 is ensured to be different; or the first gear 6 and the second gear 7 respectively adopt gears with different module; or any other scheme that can realize different transmission ratios. In addition, a chain wheel, a synchronous wheel or other transmission structure can also be used instead of the gear.

[0035] The driving mechanism can be a bidirectional output motor arranged between the third gear 8 and the fourth gear 9, or a unidirectional output motor arranged on the same side of the third gear 8 and the fourth gear 9. In the embodiment, the unidirectional output motor arranged on the same side of the third gear 8 and the fourth gear 9 is preferably adopted. In this way, when multiple same-direction differential seed-filling furrow seeders in the embodiment are arranged side by side below a seed box of a seeding machine, the third gears 8 and the fourth gears 9 of the multiple seeders can be mounted on the same transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected with the output end of the motor, so that the operation of the multiple seeders can be driven by only one motor.

[0036] The seed plate assembly is provided with a baffle assembly for preventing the seeds from falling off, and the baffle assembly is provided with a half-hole 12 for the seeds to pass through. The half-hole 12 and the seed furrow 14 form a seed quantity conveying channel 13, and a seed guide pipe is arranged below the seed quantity conveying channel 13.

[0037] Specifically, the baffle assembly includes a front baffle 5 arranged in front of the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3, a rear baffle 16 arranged behind the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3, and two side baffles 4 arranged on both sides of the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3. The front baffle 5, the rear baffle 16, and the two side baffles 4, together with the first seed plate 2, the second seed plate 3, and the seed plate housing 1 above, form a seed containing cavity for receiving the seeds falling from the seed box above. The front baffle 5, the rear baffle 16, and the side baffles 4 are sequentially and closely arranged to prevent the seeds from falling off through the gaps between them. The end of the front baffle 5, the rear baffle 16, and the side baffles 4 close to the inner wall of the seed plate housing 1 is fixedly connected with the inner wall. The end of the front baffle 5 and the rear baffle 16 close to the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3 is in flexible contact with the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3. The half-hole 12 forming the seed quantity conveying channel 13 with the seed furrow 14 is arranged on the front baffle 5.

[0038] The working principle of the embodiment is that the seeds in the seed box above fall into the seed containing cavity and are accumulated therein. The state of the seeds falling into the seed containing cavity is random, and the state of the seeds on the seed furrow 14 is also random. A small part of the seeds directly lie vertically into the seed furrow 14, and most of the seeds lie horizontally or obliquely above the seed furrow 14. The rotation of the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3 can disturb the seeds. Due to the pressure generated by the gravity of other seeds and the inertia of the seeds themselves, the seeds will lose balance and change state, so as to promote the seeds to fall into the seed furrow 14.

[0039] In order to improve the gathering effect of the seeds, the seeds above or on both sides have a tendency to move to the middle seed furrow 14 after the seeds fall into the seed containing cavity. In the embodiment, the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3 are arranged in a structure that the distance from the outer circumferential surface to the axis gradually decreases in the direction close to the other. Specifically, the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3 can be arranged in a circular truncated cone structure, and the two circular truncated cone structures are oppositely arranged with the smaller diameter end. The first seed plate 10 and the second seed plate 11 are arranged at the corners of the smaller diameter end. In this way, the axial section of the first seed plate 10 and the second seed plate 11 forms a funnel-shaped seed gathering structure. Alternatively, the conical surface of the circular truncated cone is arranged as an inwardly concave circular arc surface. In this way, the axial section of the first seed plate 10 and the second seed plate 11 forms an inwardly concave circular arc-shaped seed gathering structure.

[0040] Further, the two ends of the seed lying horizontally or obliquely above the seed furrow 14 are in contact with the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3 respectively. When the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3 rotate at different speeds, under the action of the gravity of the seed itself and the pressure of the seed above, the two ends of the seed will be subjected to the friction of the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3 respectively. The friction gives the two ends of the seed a speed of forward movement. Since the rotation speeds of the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3 are different, the movement speeds of the two ends of the seed are different, which will cause the seed to rotate around a point on the long axis of the seed, and finally make the direction of the long axis of the seed consistent with the direction of the seed furrow 14, and then fall into the seed furrow 14 in the surrounding pressure and disturbance.

[0041] In order to ensure that the seed must fall into the seed furrow 14 along the length direction of the seed, the width of the seed furrow 14 is arranged to be suitable for the width of the seed.

[0042] On the other hand, the rotation speeds of the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3 can be opposite, or one is stationary and the other rotates. However, the above-mentioned mode has the disadvantage that the friction provided by the forward rotating side is opposite to the friction provided by the backward rotating or stationary side. Since the directions of the friction on the two ends of the seed are opposite, the seed may not have enough kinetic energy to move forward, and thus be stationary or even retreat, which cannot bring the seed to fall at the seed grain quantitative conveying channel 13 in front, and an empty space is formed in the forward moving seed furrow 14, and the filling of the seed behind is blocked, causing the seed to be stuck. In this way, it cannot effectively ensure that the seed furrow 14 is continuously filled with seeds with gaps between the seeds, that is, the continuous filling rate of the seed is reduced, and finally leads to missed planting and uneven plant spacing.

[0043] The embodiment sets the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3 with the same rotating direction but different rotating speeds, so that the seed is subjected to the same friction force at both ends and is provided with forward kinetic energy at the same time, ensuring that the seed can definitely move forward. The seed moves forward at an intermediate speed slower than the fast rotating seed plate and faster than the slow rotating seed plate. Although the force acting on each seed is not the same, resulting in different forward speeds, the speed variation range of the seed can be reduced by reducing the rotating speed difference between the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3, so that the seeds in the seed sowing groove 14 move forward at a speed as close as possible, thereby reducing the gap between the seeds, ensuring the continuous filling rate of the seeds, avoiding missing sowing, and making the plant spacing more uniform.

[0044] In addition, the seed is subjected to opposite friction forces at both sides, and the opposite shear force is formed on the seed, which is the result of the opposite friction forces acting after being added. If the shear force is too large, it may cause the seed to be damaged. Although the rotating mode of the same direction also produces a shear force on the seed due to the different speeds, the shear force is the result of the same friction forces acting after being subtracted, which greatly reduces the possibility of seed damage.

[0045] When the seed is driven by the seed sowing groove 14 to the vertical tangential direction of the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3, the seed can fall due to its own gravity. The depth of the seed sowing groove 14 is set to be smaller than the thickness of the seed, and the contact area between the seed sowing groove 14 and the seed is reduced, so that the resistance formed by the seed sowing groove 14 on the seed during the falling process is reduced.

[0046] Preferably, a front baffle 5 is arranged at the vertical tangential direction of the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3, and a half hole 12 is arranged at one end of the front baffle 5 close to the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3. The half hole 12 and the seed sowing groove 14 form a seed quantitative conveying channel 13, and the size of the seed quantitative conveying channel 13 is set to allow only one seed in the seed sowing groove 14 to pass through. The front baffle 5 is used to prevent other seeds in the seed containing cavity from falling into the seed guide pipe below, thereby realizing precision seeding.

[0047] During the sowing process, sometimes the seed may adhere to the seed sowing groove 14 due to impurities contained in the seed or too high humidity of the seed, and cannot naturally fall down. In order to prevent the above situation, the embodiment is provided with a seed poking mechanism between the seed quantitative conveying channel 13 and the seed guide pipe for making the seed separate from the seed sowing groove 14, and the seed poking part of the seed poking mechanism is close to the quantitative conveying channel as much as possible, so that the falling interval of the seed is close to the natural falling interval as much as possible.

[0048] As a preferred scheme of the embodiment, the seed poking mechanism can be a seed poking plate arranged between the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3. At this time, the first seed plate 2 and the second seed plate 3 have a gap therebetween, and the seed poking plate has a seed poking part extending from the gap to protrude from the bottom of the seed sowing groove 14.

[0049] As another preferred solution of the embodiment, the seed pushing mechanism can be a seed pushing disc arranged on the side wall of the seed metering device housing 1, the seed pushing disc has a seed pushing part extending to the bottom of the seed metering groove 14, and the seed pushing part is provided with through holes for the seeds to pass through.

[0050] In addition to the oat, the embodiment can also be applied to other long-grain crops, such as wheat, barley, rice, etc.

[0051] Embodiment Two

[0052] The embodiment provides a seeding machine comprising the same-direction differential seed filling groove type seed metering device described in the embodiment one.

[0053] Embodiment Three

[0054] The embodiment provides a seeding machine comprising a plurality of same-direction differential seed filling groove type seed metering devices described in the embodiment one, and the plurality of same-direction differential seed filling groove type seed metering devices share the same transmission shaft, that is, the third gear 8 and the fourth gear 9 of the plurality of same-direction differential seed filling groove type seed metering devices are both mounted on the same transmission shaft, and are in transmission connection with the driving mechanism through the transmission shaft.

[0055] The adaptive changes according to the actual needs are all within the protection scope of the embodiment.

[0056] It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present application can be realized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A same-direction differential furrow planter characterized by: The seed metering device comprises a seed metering device shell, a first seed metering disc and a second seed metering disc are arranged in the seed metering device shell, the first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc rotate in the same direction but have different rotating speeds, the first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc are respectively provided with a first seed metering part and a second seed metering part on the side edges close to each other, and the first seed metering part and the second seed metering part form seed metering grooves for accommodating seeds along the length direction of the seeds. A baffle assembly is arranged in the seed metering device shell to prevent the seeds from falling, the baffle assembly is provided with a half hole for the seeds to pass through, the half hole and the seed metering grooves form seed quantitative conveying channels, and a seed guide pipe is arranged below the seed quantitative conveying channels.

2. The same-direction differential filling furrow type seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the outer circumferential surface of the first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc and the axis gradually decreases along the direction close to each other.

3. The same-direction differential filling furrow-type seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the seed metering groove is matched with the width of the seed, and the depth of the seed metering groove is less than the thickness of the seed.

4. The unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The baffle assembly comprises a front baffle, a rear baffle and side baffles arranged in front of, behind and on both sides of the first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc respectively, and the half hole is arranged on the front baffle.

5. The unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: A seed pushing mechanism is arranged between the seed quantitative conveying channels and the seed guide pipe to make the seeds separate from the seed metering grooves.

6. The unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: A seed metering shaft is arranged in the seed metering device shell, the first seed metering disc is fixedly arranged on the seed metering shaft, and the second seed metering disc is rotatably arranged on the seed metering shaft, the first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc are respectively connected with the same driving mechanism through different transmission ratios.

7. The unit as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The first seed metering disc and the second seed metering disc are respectively provided with a first gear and a second gear on the side away from each other, the first gear and the second gear are respectively provided with a third gear and a fourth gear engaged with the first gear and the second gear, and the third gear and the fourth gear are connected with the driving mechanism through a transmission shaft.

8. A planter characterized by: The seed metering device comprises the seed metering device of any one of claims 1-7.

9. A planter characterized by: The seed metering device comprises a plurality of seed metering devices of claim 7, and the plurality of seed metering devices share the same transmission shaft.

Images