A control device and control method for the planting section of a transplanter.

Abstract

This invention relates to a control device and method for the planting section of a transplanter, comprising a newly added independent oil tank and a first hydraulic pump. The power of the first hydraulic pump is provided by the PTO output shaft. Hydraulic oil in the oil tank enters the oil cylinder through a single-stable valve and a contour valve, and the oil in the oil cylinder flows back to the oil tank through a return oil line. In this way, the planting section can be adjusted in height by floating with the ground or by using a handle during operation. The tractor's rotary tillage depth is adjusted by regulating the oil flow of the tractor itself. In summary, the hydraulic circuit of the tractor and the hydraulic circuit of the planting section are two separate systems that are not connected in series. Therefore, their actions will not be interfered with by the load, and the adjustment of the tractor's rotary tillage depth is realized during the operation of the planting section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transplanters, and in particular to a control device and control method for the planting section of a transplanter. Background Technology

[0002] The contour-following function of a transplanter is crucial to ensuring successful seedling placement. On one hand, due to undulating ground conditions, the terrain changes after the tractor, rotary tillage, leveling, slit cutting, and furrow widening, leading to the final planting arm inserting the seedlings. Since the seedbed is designed as a straight line, the high position at the front of the machine may become a low position at the rear, and vice versa, leading to risks such as planting the seedlings too deep or failing to fit into the slits. On the other hand, besides the contour-following function, the contour-following valve also controls the lifting and lowering of the planting cylinder. Operating the valve handle moves the valve core, causing the planting section to rise and fall. This function is primarily used for loading seedlings: when loading seedlings, users typically use a tractor to raise the entire machine (at which point the tractor power is cut off), and simultaneously operate the contour-following handle to raise the planting section along with the planting platform to its highest point for easy seedling loading.

[0003] The current hydraulic contouring mechanism supplies hydraulic oil to the contouring valve by drawing hydraulic oil from the valve block used by the tractor to control the position of the attachments. That is, the tractor's own oil circuit and the oil circuit passing through the contouring valve are set in series. The valve stem of the contouring valve can be pulled by a mechanism composed of ground wheels, pull wires, etc. When the ground wheels move up and down on the ground, they drive the pull wires to move, thereby pushing the valve core to move, realizing the extension and retraction of the planting part cylinder, and driving the entire planting part to move up and down.

[0004] The hydraulic contouring mechanism has three main problems in actual use:

[0005] 1. The tractor's built-in handle has a default self-resetting function. When the handle is released, the hydraulic oil circuit is disconnected. However, the hydraulic contouring function, which requires constant flow, will cause user fatigue. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the oil circuit through the contouring valve in a constant state.

[0006] 2. Since the transplanter is connected to the tractor's three-point suspension and is also raised and lowered through the attachment valve, the user needs to operate two self-resetting handles at the same time. Moreover, during the operation, the tillage depth needs to be adjusted according to the actual terrain, and the raising and lowering adjustment needs to be made in real time. In particular, the fact that the two handles are on the same side is not conducive to operation.

[0007] 3. Since the lifting and lowering of the tractor and the contouring of the planting part both originate from the same hydraulic circuit, and the cylinder of the planting part is a single-function cylinder, that is, the extension of the cylinder is achieved by supplying oil to the rodless chamber, and the retraction of the cylinder is achieved by the weight of the planting part. In this way, the rodless chamber or the rod chamber of the cylinder is connected to the same oil inlet or oil outlet pipe.

[0008] When oil supply is required simultaneously, there is a problem of uneven flow distribution. That is, the heavy-load lifting oil circuit (i.e., the lifting of the tractor to adjust the rotary tillage depth) will be affected by the light-load contouring (i.e., the lifting of the planting section), resulting in slow lifting speed of the tractor or inability to lift the tractor when the contouring valve is supplying oil; or the contouring valve is closed, so no hydraulic oil passes through the contouring valve, causing the lifting of the planting section to fail, and the seedlings cannot be picked into the soil according to the ground height.

[0009] The market offers the following solutions to the above problems: First, modify the bracket for fixing the handle to ensure the oil circuit is always open, and then turn on the tractor's hydraulic suspension function. Although this avoids the problem of operating the handle and distributing the flow at the same time, on soft soil, the tractor may sink deeper and deeper, or even stall.

[0010] In summary, how to adjust the rotary tillage depth of the tractor during the planting process has become an urgent problem for researchers in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to achieve adjustment of the rotary tillage depth of the tractor during the operation of the planting section;

[0012] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0013] This invention relates to a control device for the planting section of a transplanter, characterized by comprising: an oil tank located at the rapeseed blanket seedling transplanter; an oil inlet pipeline connecting the oil tank and an oil cylinder, wherein a first hydraulic pump, a single-stable valve, and a contour valve are sequentially connected in series; and a return oil pipeline connecting the oil tank and the oil cylinder, wherein the return oil pipeline is further connected to the T-port of the single-stable valve and the T-port of the contour valve; the power of the first hydraulic pump is provided by a transfer case of the PTO output shaft; and the movement of the oil cylinder is adapted to control the lifting and lowering of the planting section.

[0014] Compared to the traditional method of connecting the tractor's own hydraulic system in series with the planting unit, this solution utilizes the tractor's own mechanical force to convert into hydraulic energy, enabling the planting unit to operate independently. Specifically:

[0015] In this design, a new independent oil tank and a first hydraulic pump are added. The power of the first hydraulic pump is provided by the PTO output shaft. The hydraulic oil in the oil tank enters the oil cylinder through a single-stable valve and a contour valve. The oil in the oil cylinder flows back to the oil tank through the return oil line. In this way, the planting unit can be adjusted in height by floating with the ground or by using a handle during operation. The tractor's rotary tillage depth is adjusted by regulating the tractor's own oil flow. In summary, the tractor's hydraulic circuit and the planting unit's hydraulic circuit are two separate systems that are not connected in series. Therefore, their actions will not be interfered with by the load, and the planting unit can adjust the tractor's rotary tillage depth during operation.

[0016] During the process of the planting part rising through the PTO output shaft, the angle of the transmission shaft will be limited, making it impossible to rotate the planting part to a position that is convenient for loading the planting part. In order to further realize the rotation of the planting part, the present invention adopts a second hydraulic pump connected in parallel on the oil inlet pipe where the first hydraulic pump is located; the power of the second hydraulic pump is provided by the electric motor pump, and the power of the electric motor pump is provided by the tractor battery.

[0017] When the planting section rotates to a certain point and is restricted from further rotation by the mechanical structure, the electric pump starts to work. The electric pump is powered by the tractor battery. As the electric pump rotates, hydraulic oil passes through the second hydraulic pump, the single-stable valve, and the contour valve into the oil cylinder, enabling the planting section to continue to rise. This facilitates the loading of seedlings.

[0018] In order to detect that the planting part is in the extreme position, the present invention uses a proximity switch at the rapeseed blanket seedling transplanter; the proximity switch is suitable for detecting whether the planting part is in the extreme position.

[0019] The proximity switch is used to determine whether the planting part is in the limit position, that is, the limit position of the transmission shaft angle. At this time, it is also determined whether the motor pump is engaged.

[0020] To illustrate the control method of the control device for the planting section in a transplanter, the present invention includes the following steps: when the tractor is working and the planting section needs to be loaded with seedlings, the first hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic pump are started sequentially to lift the planting section; when the tractor is stopped and the planting section needs to be loaded with seedlings, the second hydraulic pump is started to lift the planting section; when the planting section is working and the tractor needs to be lifted, the first hydraulic pump is started, and the tractor's own hydraulic circuit is used to lift the tractor without lifting the planting section.

[0021] To specifically illustrate the steps of lifting the planting section when the tractor is working and the planting section needs to be loaded with seedlings, the present invention employs the following steps when the tractor is working and the planting section needs to be loaded with seedlings: S1: The tractor's PTO output shaft rotates, sending hydraulic oil through the first hydraulic pump, a single-stable valve, and a contour valve into the cylinder. The cylinder is then lifted by moving the operating handle, thereby lifting the planting section; S2: When the planting section approaches the proximity switch, the power to the tractor's PTO output shaft is cut off, the motor pump operates, and hydraulic oil passes through the second hydraulic pump, a single-stable valve, and a contour valve into the cylinder. The cylinder is then lifted by moving the operating handle, continuing to lift the planting section.

[0022] In this way, the tractor can be raised and lowered independently through its own hydraulic system during operation, avoiding stalling and being unaffected by the planting section. When loading seedlings, the lifting of the planting section is achieved by the tractor's own power system, battery, and manual operation handle.

[0023] To illustrate specifically, when the tractor is stopped and the planting section needs to be loaded with seedlings, the second hydraulic pump is activated to lift the planting section. In this invention, when the tractor is stopped and the planting section needs to be loaded with seedlings, the tractor battery drives the second hydraulic pump to operate, pumping hydraulic oil through the second hydraulic pump, a single-stable valve, and a contour valve into the cylinder. The cylinder is then lifted by moving the operating handle, thus lifting the planting section.

[0024] At this time, since the tractor is stopped, the tractor PTO output shaft does not provide power. The motor pump is turned by the tractor battery, which in turn pumps hydraulic oil into the cylinder. The planting unit is then lifted by manually operating the handle.

[0025] To illustrate in detail when the tractor needs to be lifted during the operation of the planting unit, the present invention employs the following method: when the tractor needs to be lifted during the operation of the planting unit, the tractor's own hydraulic circuit is activated to achieve the lifting of the rotary tillage. Through the rotation of the tractor's PTO output shaft, hydraulic oil is passed through the first hydraulic pump, the single-stable valve, and the contour valve into the oil cylinder, so that the planting unit can rise or fall with the ground height.

[0026] The tractor needs to adjust the depth of rotary tillage, and the height is adjusted by the tractor's own power. At this time, the planting part is not affected by the height change. Driven by the tractor's PTO output shaft, the planting part is raised or lowered according to the ground height.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention is a control device and control method for the planting section of a transplanter, which adds an independent oil tank and a first hydraulic pump. The power of the first hydraulic pump is provided by the PTO output shaft. The hydraulic oil in the oil tank enters the oil cylinder through a single-stable valve and a contour valve. The oil in the oil cylinder flows back to the oil tank through the return oil pipeline. In this way, the planting section can be adjusted in height by floating with the ground or by using a handle during operation. The tractor's rotary tillage depth is adjusted by regulating the oil flow of the tractor itself. In summary, the hydraulic oil circuit of the tractor and the oil circuit of the planting section are two separate systems that are not connected in series. The operation of the two will not be interfered with by the load, thus realizing the adjustment of the tractor's rotary tillage depth during the operation of the planting section. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Figure 1This is a hydraulic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, in which the planting part is omitted.

[0031] In the diagram: 1-oil tank, 2-oil inlet pipe, 3-oil cylinder, 4-first hydraulic pump, 5-stabilizing valve, 6-contact valve, 7-return pipe, 8-transfer box, 9-second hydraulic pump, 10-motor pump. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0033] like Figure 1-2 As shown, this invention is a control device for the planting section of a transplanter, characterized by comprising: an oil tank 1, which is installed at the rapeseed blanket seedling transplanter; an oil inlet pipe 2, which connects the oil tank 1 and the oil cylinder 3, and a first hydraulic pump 4, a single-stable valve 5, and a contour valve 6 are sequentially connected in series thereon; and an oil return pipe 7, which connects the oil tank 1 and the oil cylinder 3, and is also connected to the T-port of the single-stable valve 5 and the T-port of the contour valve 6; the power of the first hydraulic pump 4 is provided by a transfer case 8 of the PTO output shaft; the movement of the oil cylinder 3 is adapted to control the lifting and lowering of the planting section;

[0034] Compared to the traditional method of connecting the tractor's own hydraulic system in series with the planting unit, this solution utilizes the tractor's own mechanical force to convert into hydraulic energy, enabling the planting unit to operate independently. Specifically:

[0035] In this design, a new independent oil tank and a first hydraulic pump are added. The power of the first hydraulic pump is provided by the PTO output shaft. The hydraulic oil in the oil tank enters the oil cylinder through a single-stable valve and a contour valve. The oil in the oil cylinder flows back to the oil tank through the return oil line. In this way, the planting unit can be adjusted in height by floating with the ground or by using a handle during operation. The tractor's rotary tillage depth is adjusted by regulating the tractor's own oil flow. In summary, the tractor's hydraulic circuit and the planting unit's hydraulic circuit are two separate systems that are not connected in series. Therefore, their actions will not be interfered with by the load, and the planting unit can adjust the tractor's rotary tillage depth during operation.

[0036] like Figure 1-2As shown, during the process of the planting part rising through the PTO output shaft, the angle of the transmission shaft will be limited, making it impossible to rotate the planting part to a position convenient for loading the planting part. In order to further realize the rotation of the planting part, the present invention uses a second hydraulic pump 9 connected in parallel on the oil inlet pipe 2 where the first hydraulic pump 4 is located; the power of the second hydraulic pump 9 is provided by the motor pump 10, and the power of the motor pump 10 is provided by the tractor battery.

[0037] When the planting section rotates to a certain point and is restricted from further rotation by the mechanical structure, the electric pump starts to work. The electric pump is powered by the tractor battery. As the electric pump rotates, hydraulic oil passes through the second hydraulic pump, the single-stable valve, and the contour valve into the oil cylinder, enabling the planting section to continue to rise. This facilitates the loading of seedlings.

[0038] In order to detect that the planting part is in the extreme position, the present invention uses a proximity switch at the rapeseed blanket seedling transplanter; the proximity switch is suitable for detecting whether the planting part is in the extreme position.

[0039] The proximity switch is used to determine whether the planting part is in the limit position, that is, the limit position of the transmission shaft angle. At this time, it is also determined whether the motor pump is engaged.

[0040] like Figure 1-2 As shown, to illustrate the control method of the control device for the planting section in a transplanter, the present invention includes the following steps: when the tractor is working and the planting section needs to be loaded with seedlings, the first hydraulic pump 4 and the second hydraulic pump 9 are started sequentially to lift the planting section; when the tractor is stopped and the planting section needs to be loaded with seedlings, the second hydraulic pump 9 is started to lift the planting section; when the planting section is working and the tractor needs to be lifted, the first hydraulic pump 4 is started, and the tractor's own hydraulic circuit is used to lift the tractor without lifting the planting section.

[0041] like Figure 1-2 As shown, to specifically illustrate the steps of lifting the planting section when the tractor needs to load seedlings during operation, the present invention employs the following steps when the planting section needs to load seedlings during operation: S1: The tractor's PTO output shaft rotates, sending hydraulic oil through the first hydraulic pump 4, the single-stable valve 5, and the contour valve 6 into the cylinder 3. The cylinder is then lifted by moving the operating handle, thereby lifting the planting section; S2: When the planting section approaches the proximity switch, the tractor's PTO output shaft power is cut off, the motor pump 10 operates, sending hydraulic oil through the second hydraulic pump 9, the single-stable valve 5, and the contour valve 6 into the cylinder 3. The cylinder is then lifted by moving the operating handle, continuing to lift the planting section.

[0042] In this way, the tractor can be raised and lowered independently through its own hydraulic system during operation, avoiding stalling and being unaffected by the planting section. When loading seedlings, the lifting of the planting section is achieved by the tractor's own power system, battery, and manual operation handle.

[0043] like Figure 1-2 As shown, to specifically illustrate that when the tractor is stopped and the planting section needs to be loaded with seedlings, the second hydraulic pump 9 is started to lift the planting section; the present invention employs the following method: when the tractor is stopped and the planting section needs to be loaded with seedlings, the tractor battery drives the second hydraulic pump 9 via the motor pump 10, and hydraulic oil passes through the second hydraulic pump 9, the single-stable valve 5, and the contour valve 6 to enter the oil cylinder 3. By moving the operating handle, the oil cylinder is lifted, thereby lifting the planting section;

[0044] At this time, since the tractor is stopped, the tractor PTO output shaft does not provide power. The motor pump is turned by the tractor battery, which in turn pumps hydraulic oil into the cylinder. The planting unit is then lifted by manually operating the handle.

[0045] like Figure 1-2 As shown, to specifically illustrate when the tractor needs to be lifted during the operation of the planting unit, the present invention employs the following method: when the tractor needs to be lifted during the operation of the planting unit, the tractor's own hydraulic circuit is activated to achieve the lifting of the rotary tillage. Through the rotation of the tractor's PTO output shaft, the hydraulic oil passes through the first hydraulic pump 4, the single-stable valve 5, and the contour valve 6, and enters the oil cylinder 3, so that the planting unit can rise or fall with the ground height.

[0046] The tractor needs to adjust the depth of rotary tillage, and the height is adjusted by the tractor's own power. At this time, the planting part is not affected by the height change. Driven by the tractor's PTO output shaft, the planting part is raised or lowered according to the ground height.

[0047] like Figure 1-2 As shown, for example, a first hydraulic pump and oil tank are installed on a rapeseed blanket seedling transplanter. Power is taken from the tractor's PTO output shaft and transmitted to the first hydraulic pump, forming an independent hydraulic system. As long as the tractor's PTO output shaft is working, hydraulic oil can be provided to activate the contouring function. When loading seedlings at the edge, the tractor lifts the equipment, and the transmission shaft is limited by the angle, cutting off the PTO output power. At this time, the proximity switch installed at the three-point suspension position connected to the tractor identifies the power cut-off and the user's need to lift the planting section by combining the switch at the contouring handle position. At this time, the motor pump starts working, driving the second hydraulic pump to work and supply oil to the contouring valve, realizing the lifting and lowering of the planting section.

[0048] In this solution, the following reasons are not adopted for directly driving the lifting and lowering of the planting unit with an electric motor: the power required for contouring is about 1kW, and since the equipment itself has no power, the only energy source is the tractor; the tractor's battery capacity is limited, most common tractors are 12V, and most generators can only generate about 600W, so using the battery as a long-term power source will lead to power depletion; we also considered using the mechanical output to generator of the tractor's PTO to provide power, but since the PTO output speed is low (mostly 540rpm, a maximum of 1000rpm), the generator usually needs to be 3000rpm, which not only requires speed increase, but also high-power generators are rare, and most on the market are 12V or 24V generators for engines, and special motors are generally expensive; in the current solution, the motor is only used as an auxiliary motor, and the hydraulic pump driven by the motor is also a small displacement pump. Due to the low power and slow speed, the cylinder will be slower than normal, but since it is only used to load seedlings, the speed requirement is not high, and the reduced power is very friendly to the tractor's electrical system, and the consumed power can be quickly replenished in subsequent work, so there is no need to worry about battery depletion.

[0049] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control device for the planting section of a transplanter, characterized in that, The control method of the control device of the planting part of the transplanting machine comprises the following steps. The control method of the control device of the planting part of the transplanting machine comprises the following steps. The control method of the control device of the planting part of the transplanting machine comprises the following steps.

3. The control method of the control device of the planting part of the transplanting machine according to claim 2, wherein when the tractor is working and the planting part needs to be loaded with seedlings, S1: through the rotation of the tractor PTO output shaft, hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil cylinder through the first hydraulic pump, the monostable valve and the profiling valve, and the oil cylinder is lifted through the operation of the handle, thereby realizing the lifting of the planting part; S2: when the planting part approaches the proximity switch, the power of the tractor PTO output shaft is cut off, the motor pump works, hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil cylinder through the second hydraulic pump, the monostable valve and the profiling valve, and the oil cylinder is lifted through the operation of the handle, thereby realizing the continuous lifting of the planting part.

4. The control method of the control device of the planting part of the transplanting machine according to claim 2, wherein when the tractor is working and the planting part needs to be loaded with seedlings, 2. A control method for a control device applied to a planting unit of the transplanting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tractor battery drives the second hydraulic pump to work, hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil cylinder through the second hydraulic pump, the monostable valve and the profiling valve, and the oil cylinder is lifted through the operation of the handle, thereby realizing the lifting of the planting part.

5. The control method of the control device of the planting part of the transplanting machine according to claim 2, wherein when the tractor is working and the planting part needs to be loaded with seedlings, The tractor battery drives the second hydraulic pump to work, hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil cylinder through the second hydraulic pump, the monostable valve and the profiling valve, and the oil cylinder is lifted through the operation of the handle, thereby realizing the lifting of the planting part.

5. The control method of the control device of the planting part of the transplanting machine according to claim 2, wherein when the tractor is working and the planting part needs to be loaded with seedlings, The tractor battery drives the second hydraulic pump to work, hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil cylinder through the second hydraulic pump, the monostable valve and the profiling valve, and the oil cylinder is lifted through the operation of the handle, thereby realizing the lifting of the planting part. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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