Automatic hitching device for corn harvester header

Abstract

The application discloses a corn harvester header automatic hitching device, which is characterized in that a harvester main vehicle body and a header are detachably assembled and used, the harvester main vehicle body and the header are assembled through a hitching mechanism arranged at the front part of the harvester main vehicle body, the hitching mechanism comprises a hitching cavity, a limiting mechanism, a pushing-off mechanism and a guide slope, the guide slope is arranged at the front part of the upper opening of the hitching cavity and is arranged in an inclined manner from top to bottom to form a plane for the travel of a movable wheel, the movable wheel of the header enters the hitching cavity along the guide slope to complete the hitching with the harvester main vehicle body, the limiting mechanism is movably arranged at the upper side of the hitching cavity and is used for limiting the upper part of the movable wheel after the movable wheel enters the hitching cavity, and the pushing-off mechanism is movably arranged at the bottom of the hitching cavity and is used for being lifted to lift the movable wheel and make the movable wheel leave the hitching cavity when it is needed to separate the harvester main vehicle body and the header.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an agricultural machinery device, and more specifically to an automatic attachment device for the header of a corn harvester. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, the front header of small corn harvesters is either manufactured as a single unit or installed separately from the overall harvesting vehicle body. Single-unit manufacturing is complex, and repairs are difficult when components malfunction. Therefore, separate installation has become the mainstream approach. However, traditional installation methods not only require significant time for installation and disassembly, but the header itself is also quite heavy, requiring multiple people or tools to lift it and align it with the harvesting vehicle body, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, designing a header structure that allows for easy assembly and disassembly would greatly reduce the difficulty of disassembly, assembly, and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic attachment device for the header of a corn harvester. By setting up movable wheels and attachment mechanism, the header can be quickly attached and dismounted from the main body of the harvester, which improves the flexibility of use for small corn harvesters and facilitates the use of the whole corn harvester in multiple regions after transportation and subsequent maintenance.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic header attachment device for a corn harvester, comprising a main body of the harvester and a header, wherein the main body of the harvester and the header are detachably assembled and used. The main body of the harvester and the header are assembled through a attachment mechanism located at the front of the main body of the harvester. A pair of movable wheels are provided at the rear of the header. The attachment mechanism includes an attachment cavity, a limiting mechanism, a pushing mechanism, and a guide slope. The guide slope is located at the front of the upper opening of the attachment cavity and is inclined from top to bottom to form a plane for the movable wheels to travel on. The header enters the attachment cavity along the guide slope via the movable wheels and completes attachment with the main body of the harvester. The limiting mechanism is movably located on the upper side of the attachment cavity and is used to move to the upper part of the movable wheels to limit them after they enter the attachment cavity. The pushing mechanism is movably located at the bottom of the attachment cavity and is used to rise when it is necessary to separate the main body of the harvester and the header, lifting the movable wheels and removing them from the attachment cavity.

[0005] As an improvement, the mounting cavity includes a front wall and a rear wall. After the movable wheel enters the mounting cavity, it is stopped by contact with the front wall and the rear wall. The front wall is more inclined forward than the rear wall, which gives the movable wheel and the cutting table a forward tendency.

[0006] As an improvement, the rear wall is set vertically, while the front wall is set to tilt forward at 15-30 degrees.

[0007] As an improvement, the limiting mechanism includes a first drive cylinder, a swing arm, and a limiting block. The rear part of the swing arm is hinged to the wall of the mounting cavity, the middle part is hinged to the cylinder shaft of the first drive cylinder, and the front part is hinged to the limiting block. The extension and retraction of the first drive cylinder drives the swing arm and the limiting block on it to swing from the top into or out of the mounting cavity, and the limiting block is limited by contacting the movable wheel.

[0008] As an improvement, the limiting block and the swing arm are hinged by a ball joint, and the side of the limiting block that contacts the movable wheel is arc-shaped. When the limiting block contacts the movable wheel, the arc-shaped surface presses against the movable wheel by the swing of the ball joint.

[0009] As an improvement, the push-off mechanism includes a second drive cylinder and a push plate. The lower part of the push plate is connected to the cylinder shaft of the second drive cylinder. The extension and retraction of the second drive cylinder drives the push plate to rise and fall from the bottom into or out of the mounting cavity, and the push plate lifts the movable wheel upward.

[0010] As an improvement, the push plate is tilted forward, so that when the push plate lifts the movable wheel, the tilted position causes the movable wheel to roll upward against the front wall.

[0011] As an improvement, the cutting platform is also equipped with an elastic support wheel, which is located in front of the movable wheel. When the movable wheel enters the limit position of the coupling cavity, the elastic support wheel is supported by the guide slope.

[0012] As an improvement, a pair of auxiliary wheels are also provided at the front of the header, which work together with the movable wheels to make the header roll.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0014] 1. The header can be quickly disassembled and assembled from the main body of the harvester, which facilitates separate design, manufacturing, transportation or transfer to the area of ​​use, and facilitates separate maintenance in the later stage.

[0015] 2. The detachable header does not require the user to lift and assemble it laboriously. It can be easily pushed and attached after being aligned with the main body of the harvester by relying on the movable wheels. The separation can be completed by the power component, reducing the difficulty of operation.

[0016] 3. The quick-assembly and disassembly structure can accommodate plants with similar harvesting methods, allowing for the assembly and use of different types of headers with the same main body of the harvester, improving the applicability of the harvester and reducing the cost increase brought about by multiple devices. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the mounting mechanism of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1 , 2 The attached figure shows a specific embodiment of the automatic attachment device for the header of a corn harvester according to the present invention. The figure only illustrates the mutual cooperation between the structures. The position and size ratio of the specific structures can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual product situation, and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The specific embodiment includes a harvester main body 1 and a header 2, which are detachable and assembled for use. The harvester main body 1 and the header 2 are assembled via a mounting mechanism 3 located at the front of the harvester main body 1. A pair of movable wheels 21 are provided at the rear of the header 2. The mounting mechanism 3 includes a mounting cavity 31, a limiting mechanism 32, a pushing mechanism 33, and a guide slope 34. The guide slope 34 is located at the front of the upper opening of the mounting cavity 31 and is inclined from top to bottom to form a path for the movable wheels. 21. The header 2 travels along the guide slope 34 via the movable wheel 21 into the attachment cavity 31 to attach with the main body of the harvester 1. The limiting mechanism 32 is movably disposed on the upper side of the attachment cavity 31 and is used to move to the upper part of the movable wheel 21 after the movable wheel 21 enters the attachment cavity 31 to limit it. The pushing mechanism 33 is movably disposed at the bottom of the attachment cavity 31 and is used to rise when it is necessary to separate the main body of the harvester 1 and the header 2, lifting the movable wheel 21 and leaving the attachment cavity 31.

[0022] When in use, the main body 1 and the header 2 of the harvester can be transported separately to the field to be harvested, which reduces the difficulty of transportation to a certain extent. Unlike large harvesting machinery, the main body 1 and the header 2 of the harvester of this invention are used in small-scale planting areas where it is unnecessary or impossible to configure an overly large harvester, as it is not cost-effective, or the field area cannot be used efficiently. Therefore, the main body 1 and the header 2 of the harvester of this invention can be well applied to this small-scale planting scenario. The main body 1 and the header 2 of the harvester are relatively small, which facilitates separate transportation and adapts to use in small-scale fields. Users can also easily assemble and use them on their own. The user can easily move the header 2 by holding the frame at the front and using the movable wheels 21. After aligning the movable wheels 21 with the guide ramps 34 on both sides, the user pushes the movable wheels 21 along the guide ramps 34 to the limit position of the coupling cavity 31, thus completing the coupling of the header 2 and the main body 1 of the harvester. Then, the discharge port of the header 2 is connected to the receiving port of the main body 1 of the harvester to transport the cut corn backwards. After the header 2 and the main body 1 of the harvester are coupled, vibrations may occur during travel, affecting the stability of the header 2. A further limiting mechanism 32 limits the upper part of the movable wheels 21 to prevent them from moving upwards and affecting the stability of the header. When it is necessary to separate the header 2, the movable wheels 21 are lifted by the pushing mechanism 33. After the movable wheels 21 leave the limit position of the coupling cavity 31, they can roll down along the guide ramp 34, completing the separation of the header 2 from the main body 1 of the harvester. The header of this invention can be quickly and easily disassembled and assembled with the main body of the harvester, facilitating separate design, manufacturing, transportation, or transfer to the usage area, and enabling separate maintenance later. As an extension, the quick-assembly and disassembly structure can be applied to more crops besides corn. Different functions are achieved by cutting and harvesting with headers of corresponding structures. After the header of the corresponding structure is attached to the same main body of the harvester 1 through the attachment mechanism 3, it can be used, increasing the usability of the main body of the harvester 1. Users only need to configure different types of headers, which can effectively reduce equipment costs.

[0023] As an improved specific implementation, the mounting cavity 31 includes a front wall 311 and a rear wall 312. After the movable wheel 21 enters the mounting cavity 31, it abuts against and is limited by the front wall 311 and the rear wall 312. The front wall 311 is more inclined forward than the rear wall 312, thereby giving the movable wheel 21 and the cutting table 2 a forward movement tendency.

[0024] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, the movable wheel 21 preferably has a conventional rubber tire surface. After entering the coupling cavity 31, it is restrained by the front wall 311 and rear wall 312 forming a front-to-rear engagement. The front wall 311 is designed to be more forward-leaning than the rear wall 312, causing the header 2's center of gravity to shift forward and exhibiting a forward-moving tendency. This ensures the header 2 maintains a stable forward orientation and movement trend without causing structural pressure on the rear. During operation of the header 2 and the harvester main body 1, it also reduces the tendency for the header 2 to lurch backward, improving its stability. When the header 2 separates, the overall forward-moving tendency, combined with the support of the front wall 311, facilitates the movable wheel 21's smooth movement to the guide slope 34 and successful separation when lifted by the pushing mechanism 33.

[0025] As an improved specific implementation, the rear wall 312 is set vertically, and the front wall 311 is set to tilt forward at 15-30 degrees.

[0026] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the vertically arranged rear wall 312 can stably limit the movement of the movable wheel 21 when the header 2 and the main body of the harvester 1 are running, preventing the movable wheel 21 and the header 2 from moving backward. The front wall 311 is designed with a forward tilt angle of 15-30 degrees. On the one hand, it can effectively bear the weight of the movable wheel 21 and form a limit with the rear wall 312. On the other hand, it provides a certain slope to guide the movable wheel 21 to roll to the guide slope 34 when the movable wheel 21 is raised, so that the working pressure of the pushing mechanism 33 is reduced. The structural displacement formed by the header 2 and the main body of the harvester 1 can push forward more smoothly away from the coupling cavity 31.

[0027] As an improved specific implementation, the limiting mechanism 32 includes a first driving cylinder 321, a swing arm 322, and a limiting block 323. The rear part of the swing arm 322 is hinged to the wall of the mounting cavity 31, the middle part is hinged to the cylinder shaft of the first driving cylinder 321, and the front part is hinged to the limiting block 323. The extension and retraction of the first driving cylinder 321 drives the swing arm 322 and the limiting block 323 thereon to swing and enter or leave the mounting cavity 31 from the top. The limiting block 323 is limited by contacting the movable wheel 21.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the limiting block 323 enters or leaves the engagement cavity 31 from the top by swinging the swing arm 322 back and forth. Powered by the first drive cylinder 321, it provides pressure to abut the movable wheel 21 during limiting. The limiting block 323 is hinged to the swing arm 322, and swings according to the surface curvature of the movable wheel 21 when it abuts, maintaining a good abutment and limiting state. The overall limiting mechanism 32 is preferably located on the rear wall 312, so that the movement of the movable wheel 21 is not affected after the swing arm 322 and the limiting block 323 swing backward away from the engagement cavity 31.

[0029] As an improved specific implementation, the limiting block 323 and the swing arm 322 are hinged by a ball joint 324, and the side of the limiting block 323 that abuts against the movable wheel 21 is arc-shaped. When the limiting block 323 abuts against the movable wheel 21, the arc-shaped surface presses against the movable wheel 21 by the swing of the ball joint 324.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the ball joint 324 provides flexibility and, through the arc-shaped contact surface of the limiting block 323, can swing when it contacts the movable wheel 21, achieving maximum contact area and providing a better limiting effect on the movable wheel 21. The ball joint 324 can be set to have a certain amount of resistance, preventing it from rotating arbitrarily; it can only rotate and adjust by external force when it is contacted by the movable wheel 21.

[0031] As an improved specific implementation, the push-off mechanism 33 includes a second drive cylinder 331 and a push plate 332. The lower part of the push plate 332 is connected to the cylinder shaft of the second drive cylinder 331. The extension and retraction of the second drive cylinder 331 drives the push plate 332 to rise and fall from the bottom into or out of the hook cavity 31, and the push plate 332 lifts the movable wheel 21 upward.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, after the movable wheel 21 is limited in front and rear by the front wall 311 and the rear wall 312, the bottom space of the hook cavity 31 can be used for the arrangement of the push-away mechanism 33. When the push plate 332 is driven to rise by the second drive cylinder 331, it can lift the movable wheel 21. The movable wheel 21 can roll along the front wall 311 as the push plate 332 rises until it separates from the guide slope 34.

[0033] As an improved specific implementation, the push plate 332 is inclined forward, and when the push plate 332 lifts the movable wheel 21 upward, the movable wheel 21 rolls upward against the front wall 311 due to the forward tilt.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the forward-tilted push plate 332 allows the movable wheel 21 to better lean against the front wall 311 and roll upward, reducing the working pressure of the second drive cylinder 331 while making the rolling upward of the movable wheel 21 smoother.

[0035] As an improved specific implementation, the cutting platform 2 is also provided with an elastic support wheel 22. The elastic support wheel 22 is located in front of the movable wheel 21. When the movable wheel 21 enters the hook cavity 31 and is limited, the elastic support wheel 22 is supported at the guide slope 34.

[0036] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, in one embodiment, the header 2 can be supported at the front of the harvester main body 1 by its bracket after being attached to the harvester main body 1; and preferably, by setting elastic support wheels 22, the header 2 is supported at the front of the harvester main body 1 in a more gentle elastic state, that is, the elastic support wheels 22 are supported at the guide slope 34, reducing the collision and wear between the structures during operation.

[0037] As an improved specific implementation, the front part of the cutting platform 2 is also provided with a pair of auxiliary wheels 23, which cooperate with the movable wheels 21 to make the cutting platform 2 roll.

[0038] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, preferably, after the header 2 is attached to the main body 1 of the harvester, it relies on a pair of auxiliary wheels 23 to provide front support on the ground, giving the header 2 its own ground mobility. Therefore, when the harvester is moving, the auxiliary wheels 23 of the header 2 are also supported on the ground, allowing it to move. When the header 2 is separated from the main body 1 of the harvester, the header 2 can move independently using the auxiliary wheels 23 and the movable wheels 21.

[0039] As an improved specific implementation, the movable wheel 21 and / or auxiliary wheel 23 may be equipped with a power mechanism, i.e., a motor, to assist in completing the movement of the header 2, such as position transfer, moving the header 2 to engage with the main body 1 of the harvester, etc.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic header attachment device for a corn harvester, comprising a harvester main body (1) and a header (2), wherein the harvester main body (1) and the header (2) are detachable for assembly and use, characterized in that: The harvester main body (1) and the header (2) are assembled by a mounting mechanism (3) located at the front of the harvester main body (1). The header (2) is provided with a pair of movable wheels (21) at the rear. The mounting mechanism (3) includes a mounting cavity (31), a limiting mechanism (32), a pushing mechanism (33), and a guide ramp (34). The guide ramp (34) is located at the front of the upper opening of the mounting cavity (31) and is inclined from top to bottom to form a plane for the movable wheels (21) to travel. The header (2) is connected by the movable wheels (21) 1) Enter the coupling cavity (31) along the guide slope (34) and complete the coupling with the main body (1) of the harvester; the limiting mechanism (32) is movably set on the upper side of the coupling cavity (31) and is used to move to the upper part of the movable wheel (21) after the movable wheel (21) enters the coupling cavity (31) for limiting; the pushing mechanism (33) is movably set at the bottom of the coupling cavity (31) and is used to rise when it is necessary to separate the main body (1) of the harvester and the header (2), lift the movable wheel (21) and leave the coupling cavity (31).

2. The automatic attachment device for the header of a corn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting cavity (31) includes a front wall (311) and a rear wall (312). After the movable wheel (21) enters the mounting cavity (31), it abuts against and is limited by the front wall (311) and the rear wall (312). The front wall (311) is more inclined forward than the rear wall (312), which makes the movable wheel (21) and the cutting table (2) have a forward movement tendency.

3. The automatic attachment device for the header of a corn harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rear wall (312) is vertically arranged, and the front wall (311) is arranged to be tilted forward at 15-30 degrees.

4. The automatic attachment device for the header of a corn harvester according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (32) includes a first driving cylinder (321), a swing arm (322), and a limiting block (323). The rear part of the swing arm (322) is hinged to the wall of the hanging cavity (31), the middle part is hinged to the cylinder shaft of the first driving cylinder (321), and the front part is hinged to the limiting block (323). The extension and retraction of the first driving cylinder (321) drives the swing arm (322) and the limiting block (323) thereon to swing from the top into or out of the hanging cavity (31). The limiting block (323) is limited by contacting the movable wheel (21).

5. The automatic attachment device for the header of a corn harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting block (323) and the swing arm (322) are hinged by a ball joint (324), and the side of the limiting block (323) that abuts against the movable wheel (21) is arc-shaped. When the limiting block (323) abuts against the movable wheel (21), the arc-shaped surface presses against the movable wheel (21) by the swing of the ball joint (324).

6. The automatic attachment device for the header of a corn harvester according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (33) includes a second drive cylinder (331) and a push plate (332). The lower part of the push plate (332) is connected to the cylinder shaft of the second drive cylinder (331). The extension and retraction of the second drive cylinder (331) drives the push plate (332) to rise and fall from the bottom into or out of the hook cavity (31), and the push plate (332) lifts the movable wheel (21) upward.

7. The automatic attachment device for the header of a corn harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The push plate (332) is tilted forward. When the push plate (332) lifts the movable wheel (21) upward, the movable wheel (21) rolls upward against the front wall (311) due to the forward tilt.

8. The automatic attachment device for the header of a corn harvester according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The cutting platform (2) is also provided with an elastic support wheel (22), which is located in front of the movable wheel (21). When the movable wheel (21) enters the hook cavity (31) for a limit, the elastic support wheel (22) is supported at the guide slope (34).

9. The automatic attachment device for the header of a corn harvester according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The front of the cutting platform (2) is also provided with a pair of auxiliary wheels (23), which cooperate with the movable wheels (21) to make the cutting platform (2) roll.

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