A universal open car lower side door anti-opening system for railway freight cars
By designing a combined structure of lock seat, lock pin and lock iron, the problem of the lower side door of the open car being easily opened during vibration and flipping is solved, automatic locking is achieved, safety is improved and costs are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410419085.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-04-09
AI Technical Summary
The lower side doors of existing railway open cars are easily opened due to failure of gravity locks during vehicle vibration and overturning, posing a safety hazard. In addition, the wire binding solution wastes materials and has high labor costs.
A universal anti-opening system for the lower side doors of railway freight cars has been designed. It includes a lock seat, a lock pin, and a lock iron. Through the cooperation of the top-heavy and bottom-light structure of the lock iron and the limiting protrusion, it can be automatically locked during vehicle vibration and rollover to prevent accidental opening.
It effectively prevents the lower side door of the open car from opening accidentally during vibration and overturning, improves safety, reduces material and labor costs, and is simple to operate and highly safe.
Smart Images
Figure CN118309325B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-opening of lower side doors of gondola cars, and in particular relates to a universal anti-opening system for lower side doors of gondola cars for railway freight cars. Background Art
[0002] In the use of open wagons, the door hasp used to lock the lower side door works on the principle of gravity lock. When the gap between the door hasp and the lower side door hinge is too large due to wear, the iron buckle will rotate and open under the vibration of the vehicle, causing the door hasp to fail to lock. At the same time, since the open wagon needs to be unloaded by a dumper during use, the vehicle will flip 180°, and the iron buckle will also rotate and fail during the flipping process, causing the lower side door to open accidentally. The existing solution usually uses wire to bind the lower side door hasp to prevent the lower side door hasp from losing the limit at the lower end of the hinge due to vibration or flipping, thereby opening the lower side door of the open wagon, which poses a great safety hazard. In addition, due to the large number of railway open wagons and their frequent use, binding with wire will cause a lot of material waste and labor costs. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The present invention aims to provide a universal open car lower side door anti-opening system for railway freight cars, eliminating the hidden dangers of the open car lower side door opening, and solving the problem of the existing single gravity lock door buckle anti-opening measure causing opening failure under specific working conditions such as vehicle vibration and overturning.
[0004] To this end, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a universal open car lower side door anti-opening system for railway freight cars, including a lower side door panel installed on the outer wall of the open car side wall, a lower side door hinge symmetrically and rotatably installed on the outer wall of the open car side wall, and a buckle assembly symmetrically installed on the open car side beam and used to clamp the lower end of the corresponding lower side door hinge, and also includes an anti-opening device installed on the open car side beam and centered on the lower end of the corresponding lower side door panel, the anti-opening device includes a lock seat, a lock pin and a lock iron, the lock seat is symmetrical on the left and right, and the left and right side plates extend forward to form a lock iron placement groove, the upper front part of the lock iron is inclined outward to form a top-heavy and bottom-light structure, and a lifting and weight-reducing hole and a lock iron installation hole are respectively provided on the upper and lower parts, the lock pin passes horizontally through the lock iron installation hole and the left and right side plates of the lock seat to install the lock iron in the lock iron placement groove When the anti-opening device is rotated clockwise, the rear lower side surface of the lock iron and / or the convex arc structure can press against the lock seat bottom plate and / or the limiting protrusion to press against the lock pin rotating shaft to achieve locking.
[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the width of the narrow opening formed by the limiting protrusion is larger than the corresponding minor diameter size at the plane and smaller than the cross-sectional width at the plane, so as to ensure that the narrowest section of the locking pin shaft can pass through the narrow opening. The distance between the limiting protrusion and the top surface of the lock iron mounting hole is larger than the corresponding minor diameter size at the plane, so that when the open car is not initially flipped, the locking pin shaft will not collide and interfere with the limiting protrusion, thereby affecting the limiting effect. The length of the plane matches the length of the lock iron mounting hole and the distance between the lock seat side plates, thereby ensuring that the left and right limit positions of the lock iron are installed in the lock iron placement groove.
[0006] It is further preferred that the distance between the rear upper side of the locking iron and the lower door panel is 10mm to 18mm. During use, the lower door panel will expand outward, so a gap needs to be reserved to prevent the locking iron from colliding with the expanding lower door and being damaged.
[0007] Further preferably, the lock pin handle is mounted on the lock pin shaft by welding, and the welding is firm.
[0008] It is further preferred that the lower side door hinge is hingedly installed on the lower side door panel through a hinge seat, a hanging ring is installed at the lower part of the lower side door hinge, the buckle assembly includes a buckle seat and a buckle rotatably installed on the buckle seat, the middle part of the buckle corresponds to the lower side door hinge and is a semicircular plate structure, thereby avoiding and buckling the lower end of the lower side door hinge, the structure is interlocking and the design is reasonable.
[0009] It is further preferred that one end of the buckle seat is provided with a rotating shaft for installing the buckle and the other end is provided with a buckle mounting groove. The upper part of the buckle mounting groove is provided with a threaded hole and is equipped with a stud. When the buckle is rotated along the rotating shaft to be horizontally mounted on the buckle mounting groove, the locking function can be achieved by screwing the stud into the threaded hole to limit the rotation of the buckle, thereby realizing a preliminary anti-opening measure for the lower side door of the open car.
[0010] It is further preferred that the lock pin shaft is provided with a lock pin shoulder between the lock pin handle and the lock seat side plate, so as to separate the lock pin handle and the lock seat side plate. Moreover, in cold climates, workers can directly rotate the lock pin shoulder with the help of a tool clamp, thereby replacing manual rotation operations by holding the lock pin handle with their hands, and the application scenarios are comprehensive.
[0011] It is further preferred that the upper and lower corners of the limiting protrusion are chamfered to avoid collision with the plane corners, and when the narrowest part of the small diameter section of the locking pin shaft enters the narrow opening, the locking iron can be lifted with one hand without having to continue holding the locking pin handle with the hand, thereby reducing the amount of operating tasks and the design is clever.
[0012] Beneficial effects of the present invention:
[0013] (1) Compared with the existing method of simply using wire to tie the lower side door buckle for preliminary anti-opening measures, this solution also implements further anti-opening measures through an anti-opening device, so as to ensure that the lower side door will not open accidentally when the lower side door buckles of the open car are all opened and fail due to vehicle body vibration or rollover, thereby greatly improving operational safety, eliminating the process of tying steel wire at the buckle to enhance stability, saving time and effort, and reducing costs.
[0014] (2) The upper front part of the lock iron is tilted outward to form a top-heavy and bottom-light structure, and there are lifting and weight-reducing holes and lock iron installation holes on the upper and lower parts respectively. When the worker rotates the lock pin to the narrowest point and aligns it with the narrow opening, the worker can easily lift the lock iron through the lifting and weight-reducing holes, so that the small diameter section of the lock pin passes through the narrow opening, and then rotate the lock iron to unlock it. The operation is simple, convenient and fast. Moreover, the lock iron adopts a top-heavy and bottom-light structure. When the vehicle rotates counterclockwise on the tipping machine, during the overturning process, when the anti-opening device rotates from 90° to 180°, due to the rotation to the bottom-heavy and top-light structure, the lock iron will quickly press onto the lock shaft under the action of its own gravity, and twist the small diameter section of the lock shaft through the limiting protrusion. The lock shaft handle will also fall toward the lock seat, thereby avoiding the situation of falling outward and causing accidental unlocking. The design is exquisite and the conception is novel.
[0015] (3) When the vehicle rotates counterclockwise on the tipping machine, the anti-opening device rotates counterclockwise synchronously. During the counterclockwise rotation from 0° to 180°, the lock iron tends to fall due to its own gravity, but the convex arc structure presses against the lock seat to prevent the lock iron from falling.
[0016] (4) When the vehicle rotates clockwise on the tipping machine, the anti-opening device rotates clockwise synchronously. During the rotation from 0° to 90°, the rear lower side surface of the lock iron and / or the convex arc structure presses against the lock seat bottom plate, and the lock pin and the lock iron can always remain in a relatively static state. When rotating 90°, due to the existence of the convex arc structure, the corresponding lock iron end is equivalent to being raised, so that a gap can be formed between the small diameter section of the lock shaft and the lock iron installation hole, and the lock pin handle can be ensured to fall toward the lock seat under the action of its own weight, effectively avoiding the lock pin handle falling outward during vibration, resulting in accidental unlocking; during the clockwise rotation from 90° to 180°, the lock iron falls to the limit protrusion due to its own gravity and presses against the lock pin rotating shaft, so the lock pin handle can also always lean against the lock seat bottom plate to achieve locking. The design concept is thorough and comprehensive, and the structure is linked together to avoid accidental unlocking when rotating to any angle, effectively ensuring the anti-opening effect, high practical value, and great application prospects.
[0017] To sum up, it has the advantages of saving time and effort, reducing costs, exquisite design, novel conception, good anti-opening effect, high practical value, and great application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point A.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a front view of the lock iron.
[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lock pin.
[0022] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the anti-opening device in its vertical initial state.
[0023] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the anti-opening device rotated 45° counterclockwise.
[0024] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the anti-opening device rotated 90° counterclockwise.
[0025] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the anti-opening device rotated 135° counterclockwise.
[0026] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the anti-opening device rotated 45° clockwise.
[0027] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the anti-opening device rotated 90° clockwise.
[0028] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the anti-opening device rotated 135° clockwise.
[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-opening device rotating 180° clockwise or counterclockwise. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The present invention will be further described below by way of examples and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
[0031] Combine Figure 1 — Figure 12 As shown, a universal gondola lower side door anti-opening system for railway freight cars comprises a lower side door panel 2 mounted on the outer wall of the gondola side wall 1, a lower side door hinge 3 symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the gondola side wall 1, a latch assembly 5 mirror-symmetrically mounted on the gondola side beam 4 and used to clamp the lower end of the corresponding lower side door hinge 3, and an anti-opening device mounted on the gondola side beam 4 and centered on the lower end of the corresponding lower side door panel 2.
[0032] The lower door hinge 3 is hingedly mounted on the lower door panel 2 via a hinge seat 31 .
[0033] A hanging ring 32 is installed at the lower part of the lower side door hinge 3.
[0034] The buckle assembly 5 consists of a buckle seat 51 and a buckle 52 rotatably mounted on the buckle seat 51 .
[0035] The middle portion of the buckle 52 is a semicircular plate-shaped structure corresponding to the lower side door hinge 3, thereby avoiding and buckling the lower end of the lower side door hinge 3.
[0036] One end of the buckle seat 51 is provided with a rotating shaft for installing the buckle 52, and the other end is provided with a buckle installation groove.
[0037] The upper portion of the buckle placement groove is provided with a threaded hole and equipped with a stud.
[0038] When the buckle 52 rotates along the rotating shaft to be horizontally placed on the buckle installation groove, the locking function can be achieved by screwing the stud into the threaded hole to limit the rotation of the buckle 52.
[0039] The anti-opening device consists of a lock seat 6, a lock pin 7 and a lock iron 8.
[0040] The lock base 6 is bilaterally symmetrical and the left and right side plates extend forward to form a lock iron placement groove 61.
[0041] The lock pin 7 passes horizontally through the lock iron installation hole 81 and the left and right side plates of the lock base 6 so that the lock iron 8 is installed in the lock iron placement groove 61.
[0042] The lock pin 7 is composed of a lock pin rotating shaft 71 and a lock pin handle 72 installed at the left end of the lock pin rotating shaft 71.
[0043] The lock pin handle 72 is preferably mounted on the lock pin shaft 71 by welding.
[0044] The lock pin shaft 71 is provided with a lock pin shoulder 73 between the lock pin handle 72 and the side plate of the lock base 6.
[0045] A plane 711 is provided in the middle of the lock pin shaft 71 and can fit with the top surface of the lock iron mounting hole 81, thereby forming a small diameter section.
[0046] The upper portion of the locking iron 8 away from the side beam 4 of the gondola is tilted outward to form a top-heavy and bottom-light structure, and a lifting and weight-reducing hole 82 and a locking iron installation hole 81 are respectively provided on the upper and lower parts.
[0047] A convex arc structure 83 is provided on the upper portion of the locking iron 8 facing the gondola side beam 4 .
[0048] A limiting protrusion 811 is provided on the rear side of the lock iron mounting hole 81, thereby forming a narrow opening for the narrowest part of the small diameter section of the lock pin shaft 71 to pass through.
[0049] The upper and lower corners of the limiting protrusion 811 are chamfered.
[0050] The width of the narrow opening formed by the limiting protrusion 811 is larger than the corresponding minor diameter size at the plane 711 and smaller than the cross-sectional width at the plane 711 .
[0051] The distance between the limiting protrusion 811 and the top surface of the lock iron mounting hole 81 is greater than the corresponding minor diameter size at the plane 711.
[0052] The length of the plane 711 matches the length of the lock iron mounting hole 81 and the distance between the side plates of the lock seat 6.
[0053] When the lock pin shaft 71 is rotated until the small diameter section can pass through the narrow opening, unlocking can be achieved by lifting the lock iron 8 and rotating it 180°.
[0054] When the anti-opening device rotates counterclockwise, locking can be achieved by the convex arc structure 83 pressing against the bottom plate of the lock seat 6 and / or the limiting protrusion 811 pressing against the lock pin shaft 71.
[0055] When the anti-opening device rotates clockwise, locking can be achieved by the lower rear side surface of the lock iron 8 and / or the convex arc structure 83 pressing against the bottom plate of the lock seat 6 and / or the limiting protrusion 811 pressing against the lock pin shaft 71.
[0056] The distance between the rear upper side of the lock iron 8 and the lower door panel 2 is preferably 10 mm to 18 mm.
[0057] The unlocking condition is: when the lock pin handle is turned to the horizontal position, that is, when the plane 711 is perpendicular to the top surface of the lock iron installation hole 81, lift the lock iron 8 upward so that the lock pin 7 passes through the narrow opening and the lock iron 8 flips outward to complete the unlocking.
[0058] However, since the open car is in normal operation, the plane 711 is always in contact with the top surface of the lock iron mounting hole 81. Even during vibration or shaking, the rear lower side surface and / or convex arc structure of the lock iron presses against the lock seat bottom plate to provide rotation resistance for the lock iron. The lock pin handle 72 can only rotate within a small range around the axis, and therefore the unlocking angle cannot be reached.
[0059] like Figure 6 — Figure 8 As shown, under the working condition of the tipping machine, when the vehicle rotates counterclockwise on the tipping machine, the anti-opening device rotates counterclockwise synchronously. In the process of rotating counterclockwise from 0° to 180°, the lock iron tends to fall due to its own gravity, but the convex arc structure is used to support the lock seat to prevent the lock iron from falling, and the plane 711 is always in contact with the top surface of the lock iron mounting hole 81, so that the lock pin and the lock iron can always remain in a relatively static state.
[0060] When the anti-opening device is rotated counterclockwise to 180°, the lock iron will quickly press onto the lock shaft under the action of its own gravity due to the rotation to the bottom being heavy and the top being light, and twist the small diameter section of the lock shaft through the limiting protrusion. The lock shaft handle will also fall toward the lock seat to avoid falling outward and causing accidental unlocking, so the unlocking angle cannot be reached.
[0061] like Figures 9-11 As shown, when the vehicle rotates clockwise on the tipping machine, the anti-opening device rotates clockwise synchronously. In the process of rotating from 0° to 90°, the rear lower side surface of the lock iron and / or the convex arc structure presses against the bottom plate of the lock seat, and the plane 711 is always in contact with the top surface of the lock iron mounting hole 81. The lock pin and the lock iron can always maintain a relatively static state. When rotating 90°, due to the existence of the convex arc structure, the corresponding lock iron end is equivalent to being raised, so that a gap can be formed between the small diameter section of the lock shaft and the lock iron mounting hole, and the lock pin handle can be ensured to fall toward the lock seat under the action of its own weight, effectively avoiding the lock pin handle falling outward during vibration, resulting in accidental unlocking.
[0062] During the clockwise rotation from 90° to 180°, the lock iron falls to the limit protrusion due to its own gravity and presses against the lock pin shaft, so the lock pin handle can always rest on the lock seat bottom plate and cannot reach the unlocking angle.
Claims
1. A universal gondola lower door anti-opening system for railway freight cars, comprising a lower door panel (2) mounted on the outer wall of a gondola side wall (1), a lower door hinge (3) symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the gondola side wall (1), and a buckle assembly (5) mounted on the gondola side beam (4) in a mirror-image manner and used to clamp the lower end of the corresponding lower door hinge (3), characterized in that: The invention also includes an anti-opening device installed on the side beam (4) of the open car and centered at the lower end of the lower door panel (2), the anti-opening device includes a lock seat (6), a lock pin (7) and a lock iron (8), the lock seat (6) is symmetrical on the left and right, and the left and right side plates extend forward to form a lock iron placement groove (61), the lock iron (8) is tilted outward on the upper side away from the open car side beam (4) to form a top-heavy and bottom-light structure, and a lifting and weight reduction hole (82) and a lock iron installation hole (81) are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides, the lock pin (7) passes horizontally through the lock iron installation hole (81) and the left and right side plates of the lock seat (6) to install the lock iron (8) in the lock iron placement groove (61), the lock iron (8) is provided with a convex arc structure (83) on the upper side facing the open car side beam (4), and the lock pin (7) includes a lock pin rotating shaft (71) and a lock pin handle (71) installed on the left end of the lock pin rotating shaft (71). 2), a plane (711) is provided in the middle of the lock pin shaft (71) that can fit with the top surface of the lock iron mounting hole (81), thereby forming a small diameter section, and a limiting protrusion (811) is provided on the rear side of the lock iron mounting hole (81), thereby forming a narrow opening for the narrowest part of the small diameter section of the lock pin shaft (71); when the lock pin shaft (71) is rotated until the small diameter section can pass through the narrow opening, the lock iron (8) can be lifted and rotated 1 The lock mechanism is unlocked by rotating the anti-opening device at 80°. When the anti-opening device rotates counterclockwise, the convex arc structure (83) abuts against the bottom plate of the lock seat (6) and / or the limiting protrusion (811) abuts against the lock pin rotating shaft (71) to achieve locking. When the anti-opening device rotates clockwise, the rear lower side surface of the lock iron (8) and / or the convex arc structure (83) abuts against the bottom plate of the lock seat (6) and / or the limiting protrusion (811) abuts against the lock pin rotating shaft (71) to achieve locking.
2. The anti-opening system for lower side doors of universal open wagons for railway freight cars according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the narrow opening formed by the limiting protrusion (811) is greater than the minor diameter corresponding to the plane (711) and smaller than the cross-sectional width at the plane (711); the distance between the limiting protrusion (811) and the top surface of the lock iron mounting hole (81) is greater than the minor diameter corresponding to the plane (711); the length of the plane (711) matches the length of the lock iron mounting hole (81) and the distance between the side plates of the lock seat (6).
3. The anti-opening system for lower side doors of universal open wagons for railway freight cars according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the rear upper side of the lock iron (8) and the lower door panel (2) is 10 mm to 18 mm.
4. The railway freight car universal open car lower side door anti-opening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock pin handle (72) is mounted on the lock pin rotating shaft (71) by welding.
5. The anti-opening system for lower side doors of universal open wagons for railway freight cars according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower door hinge (3) is hingedly mounted on the lower door panel (2) via a hinge seat (31); a hanging ring (32) is mounted on the lower portion of the lower door hinge (3); the buckle assembly (5) comprises a buckle seat (51) and a buckle (52) rotatably mounted on the buckle seat (51); the middle portion of the buckle (52) is a semicircular plate-shaped structure corresponding to the lower door hinge (3), thereby avoiding and buckling the lower end of the lower door hinge (3).
6. The railway freight car universal open car lower side door anti-opening system according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the buckle seat (51) is provided with a rotating shaft for installing the buckle (52), and the other end is provided with a buckle placement groove. The upper part of the buckle placement groove is provided with a threaded hole and equipped with a stud. When the buckle (52) is rotated along the rotating shaft to be horizontally placed on the buckle placement groove, the locking function can be achieved by screwing the stud into the threaded hole to limit the rotation of the buckle (52).
7. The railway freight car universal open car lower side door anti-opening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock pin rotating shaft (71) is provided with a lock pin shaft shoulder (73) between the lock pin handle (72) and the side plate of the lock seat (6).
8. The railway freight car universal open car lower side door anti-opening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower corners of the limiting protrusion (811) are chamfered.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Secondary locking system for lower side door of general open wagon
CN118422959A