Ignition electrode cooling structure and combustion chamber

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of ignition electrode tip cooling structure and combustion chamber, ignition electrode tip cooling structure includes: ignition electrode tip, hollow cylindrical electrode tip bushing, elastic member and bushing cover plate;The first end of the electrode tip bushing is located in the annular cavity outside the outer ring of flame tube, and the second end is located in the cavity inside the flame tube, and lug is provided between the first end and the second end;The lug abuts against the inner wall of the outer ring of the flame tube, and the first end and the outer ring of the flame tube are sequentially provided with the bushing cover plate, the elastic member, and the first end is flared to limit the bushing cover plate, so that the elastic member is in a compressed state;The ignition electrode tip passes through the outer casing of the combustion chamber, and extends into the inside of the electrode tip bushing, and the extension amount of the ignition electrode tip extending out of the inner wall of the outer ring of the flame tube is a positive value.The embodiment of the present application is beneficial to improve the service life of the ignition electrode tip;Ignition electrode tip cooling structure does not need to be welded;And it is difficult to be directly injected into fuel oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aero-engine combustion chamber technology, and particularly to an ignition nozzle cooling structure and combustion chamber. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of advanced combustion chambers, in order to meet the ignition requirements of the increased flame tube diameter and to ensure ignition performance in harsher and more severe environments, more and more combustion chambers are designed to insert the bottom of the ignition nozzle into the flame tube to increase the oil mist concentration near the ignition nozzle and ensure ignition reliability.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, the electric nozzle mounting base 104 is welded to the outer ring 105 of the flame tube by welding, then the bushing 108 is placed on the electric nozzle mounting base 104, and the mounting base cover plate 102 is welded to the electric nozzle mounting base 104 to fix the bushing 108. When the insertion depth ΔH of the ignition nozzle 100 within the outer ring 105 of the flame tube is greater than 0, part of the lower end of the ignition nozzle 100 is in the air of the two channels, and part is in the high-temperature gas inside the outer ring 105 of the flame tube. Since the ignition nozzle 100 itself generally does not have a cooling structure, this will result in a large temperature gradient within the ignition nozzle 100, leading to greater thermal stress. Excessive thermal stress will increase fatigue damage to the material, causing premature cracking and shortening its service life. Furthermore, since the ignition nozzle 100 extends directly into the outer ring 105 of the flame tube, it is also easily sprayed with fuel by the fuel nozzle, which may lead to ignition failure and reduce the reliability of successful ignition. At the same time, the welded ignition nozzle installation structure requires the processing of welding fixtures, as well as processes such as grinding the weld and inspecting the weld quality, which greatly increases the complexity of the production process and the production cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, the present invention provides an ignition nozzle cooling structure and a combustion chamber.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following methods:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an ignition nozzle cooling structure, comprising: an ignition nozzle, a hollow cylindrical nozzle bushing, an elastic element, and a bushing cover plate;

[0007] The first end of the electric nozzle bushing is located inside the annular cavity outside the outer ring of the flame tube, and the second end is located inside the flame tube cavity. A lug is provided between the first end and the second end.

[0008] The lug abuts against the inner wall of the outer ring of the flame tube. The bushing cover plate and the elastic element are sequentially arranged between the first end and the outer ring of the flame tube. The flared first end limits the bushing cover plate, so that the elastic element is in a compressed state. The ignition nozzle passes through the outer casing of the combustion chamber and extends into the nozzle bushing. The extension amount of the ignition nozzle beyond the inner wall of the outer ring of the flame tube is a positive value.

[0009] Furthermore, the electric nozzle bushing is also provided with a cylindrical cavity, an outlet hole, and reinforcing ribs;

[0010] The outlet hole is located at the second end, and the inner diameter of the outlet hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity;

[0011] The reinforcing rib is disposed inside the cylindrical cavity and extends from the middle of the cylindrical cavity to the second end; wherein, the end of the reinforcing rib located in the middle of the cylindrical cavity is provided with a bevel.

[0012] Furthermore, the number of reinforcing ribs is 3 to 4.

[0013] Furthermore, the reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes: a bushing base; the bushing base is disposed between the outer wall of the outer ring of the flame tube and the elastic element.

[0015] Furthermore, the contact surface between the bushing base and the outer wall of the outer ring of the flame tube is a plane or a curved surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the elastic element is a spring.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes: a nozzle mounting bracket;

[0018] The electric nozzle mounting bracket is mounted on the combustion chamber outside the casing;

[0019] The ignition nozzle is detachably connected to the nozzle mounting base and passes through the combustion chamber.

[0020] Furthermore, the ignition nozzle and the nozzle mounting base are connected by threads.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a combustion chamber, including a combustion chamber casing, a flame tube, and an ignition nozzle cooling structure as described in any of the first aspects above.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] In this embodiment of the invention, a lug and a flare are provided on the ignition nozzle bushing. The lug and flare limit the bushing cover plate, the elastic element, and the outer ring of the flame tube. The elastic element is in a compressed and stressed state, which fixes the ignition nozzle bushing in place without welding, thus facilitating the installation of the ignition nozzle. The flare is located in the annular cavity outside the outer ring of the flame tube. The cold air flowing in the annular cavity can enter the inner cavity of the ignition nozzle bushing through the flare to cool the ignition nozzle.

[0024] The ignition nozzle cooling structure provided in this embodiment of the invention has an ignition nozzle cooling function, which can ensure that the ignition nozzle has a certain insertion depth inside the flame tube cavity to improve the ignition performance of the combustion chamber, and also help to extend the service life of the ignition nozzle. The ignition nozzle cooling structure can be installed on the outer ring of the flame tube without welding. The cold air flowing into the inner cavity of the nozzle bushing can cool the ignition nozzle. The nozzle bushing contains the ignition nozzle, and the cold air flowing in the cylindrical cavity makes it difficult for the ignition nozzle to be directly sprayed into the fuel by the fuel nozzle, thus improving the reliability of successful ignition.

[0025] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an ignition nozzle cooling structure provided by the prior art is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the ignition nozzle cooling structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the installation sequence of the electric nozzle bushing, bushing base, elastic element, and bushing cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the electric nozzle bushing structure in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a bushing base in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 6A schematic diagram of another structure of the bushing base in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Existing technology section: 100-Ignition nozzle, 101-Nozzle holder, 102-Mounting cover plate, 103-Weld 1, 104-Nozzle mounting base, 105-Flame tube outer ring, 106-Weld 2, 107-Threaded hole, 108-Bushing, 109-Combustion chamber outer casing.

[0034] This invention comprises: 1-ignition nozzle, 2-nozzle mounting base, 3-outer casing of combustion chamber, 4-elastic element, 5-outer ring of flame tube, 501-bulb mounting hole, 6-nozzle bushing, 601-bulb body, 602-cylindrical cavity, 603-outlet hole, 604-lug, 605-reinforcing rib, 606-bevel, 7-bulb base, 701-outer diameter of bushing base, 702-inner diameter of bushing base, 8-bulb cover plate, Δδ-circumferential clearance, θ-bevel angle, ΦA-inner diameter of reinforcing rib. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The present invention provides a cooling structure for an ignition nozzle, comprising: an ignition nozzle 1, a hollow cylindrical nozzle bushing 6, an elastic element 4, and a bushing cover plate 8;

[0038] The first end of the electric nozzle bushing 6 is located inside the annular cavity outside the outer ring 5 of the flame tube, and the second end is located inside the flame tube cavity. A lug 604 is provided between the first end and the second end.

[0039] The lug 604 abuts against the inner wall of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube. The bushing cover plate 8 and the elastic element 4 are arranged sequentially between the first end and the outer ring 5 of the flame tube. The flared first end limits the bushing cover plate 8, so that the elastic element 4 is in a compressed state.

[0040] The ignition nozzle 1 passes through the outer casing 3 of the combustion chamber and extends into the nozzle bushing 6. The extension of the ignition nozzle 1 beyond the inner wall of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube is a positive value.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, a lug and a flare are provided on the ignition nozzle bushing. The lug and flare limit the bushing cover plate, the elastic element, and the outer ring of the flame tube. The elastic element is in a compressed and stressed state, which fixes the ignition nozzle bushing in place without welding, thus facilitating the installation of the ignition nozzle. The flare is located in the annular cavity outside the outer ring of the flame tube. The cold air flowing in the annular cavity can enter the inner cavity of the ignition nozzle bushing through the flare to cool the ignition nozzle.

[0042] The ignition nozzle cooling structure provided in this embodiment of the invention has an ignition nozzle cooling function, which can ensure that the ignition nozzle has a certain insertion depth inside the flame tube cavity to improve the ignition performance of the combustion chamber, and also help to extend the service life of the ignition nozzle. The ignition nozzle cooling structure can be installed on the outer ring of the flame tube without welding. The cold air flowing into the inner cavity of the nozzle bushing can cool the ignition nozzle. The nozzle bushing contains the ignition nozzle, and the cold air flowing in the cylindrical cavity makes it difficult for the ignition nozzle to be directly sprayed into the fuel by the fuel nozzle, thus improving the reliability of successful ignition.

[0043] In conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 The structure of the electric nozzle bushing 6 is described below. The electric nozzle bushing 6 mainly includes a bushing body 601, a lug 604, an outlet hole 603, and reinforcing ribs 605.

[0044] The first end of the electric nozzle bushing 6 is an inlet hole for inserting the ignition electric nozzle 1 during subsequent installation. The second end of the electric nozzle bushing 6 is an outlet hole 603. A lug 604 is provided between the first end and the second end. For ease of processing, the lugs 604 are symmetrically arranged on the bushing body 601. There can be two lugs or four lugs, which are not limited here.

[0045] The ignition nozzle bushing 6 is a hollow cylindrical shape with a cylindrical cavity 602. A reinforcing rib 605 is provided inside the cylindrical cavity 602, extending from the middle to the second end. A bevel 606 is provided at the end of the reinforcing rib 605 located in the middle of the cylindrical cavity 602. The bevel 606 allows for smooth assembly of the ignition nozzle 1 during subsequent installation. The bevel angle θ of the bevel 606 is recommended to be 15° to 45°. The number of reinforcing ribs 605 is 3 to 4. In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcing ribs 605 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the cylindrical cavity 602.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, the inner diameter of the outlet hole 603 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity 602.

[0047] The following is combined with Figure 2 The present invention will describe a cooling structure for an ignition nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] In accordance with the embodiments of the present invention, an electric nozzle fixing seat 2 is provided on the combustion chamber 3 outside the combustion chamber.

[0049] In accordance with the embodiments of the present invention, an electric nozzle bushing 6, an elastic element 4, and a bushing cover plate 8 are provided on the outer ring 5 of the flame tube. The first end of the electric nozzle bushing 6 is located within the outer ring cavity defined by the outer ring 5 of the flame tube and the outer casing 3 of the combustion chamber, and the second end of the electric nozzle bushing 6 is located inside the flame tube cavity. The lug 604 abuts against the inner wall of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube. The bushing cover plate 8 and the elastic element 4 are sequentially arranged between the first end of the electric nozzle bushing 6 and the outer wall of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube. Pressing the bushing cover plate 8 compresses the elastic element 4 and positions the bushing cover plate 8 a certain distance below the first end of the electric nozzle bushing 6. Then, a flaring tool is used to flare the first end to ensure that the bushing cover plate 8 and the elastic element 4 do not come out of the electric nozzle bushing 6. At this time, the elastic element 4 is in a compressed state.

[0050] The elastic element 4 primarily functions to bear force after compression. By using the elastic element 4, the nozzle cooling structure, composed of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube, the nozzle bushing 6, the elastic element 4, and the bushing cover plate 8, does not require welding. It is fixed and limited by the lug 604 and the flared structure, allowing it to be installed on the outer ring 5 of the flame tube without welding. In one specific embodiment, the elastic element 4 is a spring, with both ends being flat springs to maintain planar contact between the two end faces.

[0051] In conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned electric nozzle cooling structure also includes a bushing base 7, which is disposed between the outer wall of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube and the elastic member 4.

[0052] In conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, a circumferential gap Δδ is designed between the outer ring 5 of the flame tube and the nozzle bushing 6, which allows the nozzle bushing 6 to move circumferentially along the wall surface of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube, ensuring that the combustion chamber has sufficient displacement under any working state to compensate for the thermal expansion difference between the outer casing 3 of the combustion chamber and the outer ring 5 of the flame tube caused by different temperature rises.

[0053] Referring to the embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 2 The ignition nozzle 1 extends into the cylindrical cavity 602 inside the nozzle bushing 6 through the threaded hole of the nozzle mounting base 2 on the outer casing 3 of the combustion chamber. The extension of the ignition nozzle 1 beyond the inner wall of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube is positive, ensuring that the ignition nozzle 1 has a certain insertion depth in the flame tube cavity to improve the ignition performance of the combustion chamber. The ignition nozzle 1 is detachably fixed to the nozzle mounting base 2 by threads.

[0054] In conjunction with embodiments of the present invention, in one specific implementation, see [reference needed]. Figure 3 The installation process of the ignition nozzle cooling structure is explained.

[0055] First, extend the first end of the electric nozzle bushing 6 out of the bushing mounting hole 501 of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube, and ensure that the lug 604 of the electric nozzle bushing 6 is in close contact with the inner wall of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube. Then, insert the bushing base 7, the elastic element 4 and the bushing cover plate 8 into the first end of the electric nozzle bushing 6 in sequence. Then, press the upper bushing cover plate 8 to compress the elastic element 4 and place the bushing cover plate 8 at a certain distance below the first end. Finally, use a flaring tool to flare the opening to ensure that the bushing cover plate 8 and the elastic element 4 do not come out of the electric nozzle bushing 6.

[0056] Then, the ignition nozzle 1 is inserted from the nozzle holder 2 into the nozzle bushing 6. At the same time, the extension of the ignition nozzle 1 from the inner wall of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube is positive, which can improve the ignition performance of the combustion chamber and also help to extend the service life of the ignition nozzle 1.

[0057] In accordance with the embodiments of the present invention, the cylindrical wall of the ignition nozzle bushing 6 is provided with a lug 604 for assisting in fixing the ignition nozzle bushing 6. The size design of the lug 604 needs to take into account preventing the ignition nozzle bushing 6 from coming out of the bushing mounting hole 501 of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube. A reinforcing rib 605 is provided inside the cylindrical cavity 602 of the ignition nozzle bushing 6. The upper end of the reinforcing rib 605 is designed with a beveled opening 606 structure to ensure that the ignition nozzle 1 is smoothly assembled into the ignition nozzle bushing 6. The reinforcing rib 605 is an arc-shaped reinforcing rib, and its functions are: (1) to ensure the strength of the bushing cylinder 601 of the electric nozzle bushing 6, and to prevent the lower end of the bushing cylinder 601 from deforming when the opening is flared; (2) the inner diameter ΦA of the arc-shaped reinforcing rib 605 is designed to fit the outer diameter of the ignition electric nozzle 1 with a small gap, which can contain and fix the ignition electric nozzle 1 and reduce vibration; (3) because the end of the bushing cylinder 601 is in the high-temperature gas inside the outer ring 5 of the flame tube, the temperature of the bushing cylinder 601 wall surface rises. The reinforcing rib 605 increases the contact area between the bushing cylinder 601 and the cold air that enters the cylindrical cavity 602 through the flare, so that the bushing cylinder 601 can dissipate heat better.

[0058] The ignition nozzle bushing 6 is designed with a cylindrical cavity 602 and an outlet hole 603. Cold air enters the cylindrical cavity 602 through the flared end and then flows out through the outlet hole 603 into the flame tube cavity. The inner diameter of the outlet hole 603 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity 602. The outlet hole 603 is a flow-stopping hole used to control the flow rate of cold air in the cylindrical cavity 602. The lower end of the ignition nozzle 1 is contained by the cold air in the cylindrical cavity 602, keeping it away from the high-temperature combustion gas in the flame tube cavity. The cold air flowing through the ignition nozzle bushing 6 also makes it difficult for the ignition nozzle 1 to be directly injected into the fuel by the fuel nozzle.

[0059] In conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, when the mounting location of the ignition nozzle 1 on the outer ring 5 of the flame tube is a plane, the bushing base 7 and the bushing cover plate 8 can be designed with the same structure, such as... Figure 5As shown, a "flat gasket" structure is adopted. When the ignition nozzle 1 of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube is mounted on a curved surface, the bushing cover plate 8 can continue to adopt a "flat gasket" structure, while the bushing base 7 is designed to match the wall surface of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube, changing the plane in contact between the bushing base 7 and the outer wall of the outer ring 5 of the flame tube to a corresponding curved surface, such as... Figure 6 As shown. The outer diameter 701 of the bushing base needs to be greater than the sum of the outer diameter of the bushing cylinder 601 and twice the circumferential clearance Δδ to prevent the bushing base 7 from coming off; the inner diameter 702 of the bushing base is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the bushing cylinder 601 to ensure that the bushing base 7 can be assembled smoothly.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Based on the description of the ignition nozzle cooling structure in Embodiment 1 above, Embodiment 2 of the present invention also provides a combustion chamber, which includes a combustion chamber casing, a flame tube, and the ignition nozzle cooling structure as described in Embodiment 1. This combustion chamber uses an ignition nozzle mounted on the aforementioned ignition nozzle cooling structure. This ensures that the ignition nozzle has a certain insertion depth within the flame tube cavity to improve the ignition performance of the combustion chamber without reducing the service life of the ignition nozzle. The ignition nozzle can be installed on the flame tube without welding, eliminating the need for welding fixtures, weld grinding, and weld quality inspection, thus reducing the complexity and cost of the production process. The nozzle bushing is designed with a bushing body, a cylindrical cavity, and reinforcing ribs. The cylindrical cavity cools the ignition nozzle, and the bushing encloses the ignition nozzle while the cool air flowing within the cylindrical cavity makes it difficult for the ignition nozzle to be directly injected into the fuel by the fuel nozzle. The reinforcing ribs not only fix the ignition nozzle but also enhance heat exchange between the bushing body wall and the cool air, thereby reducing the temperature of the nozzle bushing wall.

[0062] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling structure for an ignition nozzle, characterized in that, include: Ignition nozzle (1), hollow cylindrical nozzle bushing (6), elastic element (4) and bushing cover plate (8); The first end of the electric nozzle bushing (6) is located in the annular cavity outside the outer ring (5) of the flame tube, and the second end is located inside the flame tube cavity. A lug (604) is provided between the first end and the second end. The lug (604) abuts against the inner wall of the outer ring (5) of the flame tube. The bushing cover plate (8) and the elastic member (4) are arranged sequentially between the first end and the outer ring (5) of the flame tube. The flared first end limits the bushing cover plate (8) so that the elastic member (4) is in a compressed state. The ignition nozzle (1) passes through the outer casing (3) of the combustion chamber and extends into the nozzle bushing (6). The extension of the ignition nozzle (1) from the inner wall of the outer ring (5) of the flame tube is a positive value.

2. The ignition nozzle cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric nozzle bushing (6) is also provided with a cylindrical cavity (602), an outlet hole (603) and a reinforcing rib (605); The outlet hole (603) is located at the second end, and the inner diameter of the outlet hole (603) is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity (602); The reinforcing rib (605) is disposed inside the cylindrical cavity (602) and extends from the middle of the cylindrical cavity (602) to the second end; wherein, the end of the reinforcing rib (605) located in the middle of the cylindrical cavity (602) is provided with a bevel (606).

3. The ignition nozzle cooling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the reinforcing ribs (605) is 3 to 4.

4. The ignition nozzle cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reinforcing ribs (605) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical cavity (602).

5. The ignition nozzle cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Bushing base (7); The bushing base (7) is disposed between the outer wall of the outer ring (5) of the flame tube and the elastic element (4).

6. The ignition nozzle cooling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The contact surface between the bushing base (7) and the outer wall of the outer ring (5) of the flame tube is a plane or a curved surface.

7. The ignition nozzle cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element (4) is a spring.

8. The ignition nozzle cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: electric nozzle mounting base (2); The electric nozzle mounting base (2) is mounted on the combustion chamber outer casing (3); The ignition nozzle (1) is detachably connected to the nozzle mounting base (2) and passes through the combustion chamber casing (3).

9. The ignition nozzle cooling structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ignition nozzle (1) and the nozzle mounting base (2) are connected by threads.

10. A combustion chamber, characterized in that, It includes a combustion chamber casing, a flame tube, and an ignition nozzle cooling structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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